Outline for Measures to Prevent Death and Injury from Overwork

過労死等の防止のための対策に関する大綱

過労死等の防止のための対策に関する大綱

Outline for Measures to Prevent Death and Injury from Overwork

過労死等の防止のための対策に関する大綱

Outline for Measures to Prevent Death and Injury from Overwork

～過労死をゼロにし、健康で充実して働き続けることのできる社会へ～

- Toward the Realization of a Zero Karoshi Society, with a Healthy Work-Life Balance and Fulfilling Jobs -

平成２７年７月２４日

July 24, 2015

Contents

第１　はじめに

Part 1 Introduction

第２　現状と課題

Part 2 Present Situation and Problems

１　労働時間等の状況

1 Working Hours

２　職場におけるメンタルヘルス対策の状況

2 Mental Health Measures in the Workplace

３　就業者の脳血管疾患、心疾患等の発生状況

3 Incidence of Cerebrovascular, Heart Diseases of Workers

４　自殺の状況

4 Circumstances of Suicide

５　脳・心臓疾患及び精神障害に係る労災補償等の状況

5 Workers' Compensation for Brain/Heart Disease and Mental Disorders

（１）労災補償の状況

(1) Workers' compensation

（２）国家公務員の公務災害の状況

(2) Work-related accidents or diseases among national public employees

（３）地方公務員の公務災害の状況

(3) Work-related accidents or diseases among local government employees

６　課題

6 Challenges

第３　過労死等の防止のための対策の基本的考え方

Part 3 Basic Concepts of Measures to Prevent Death and Injury from Overwork

１　当面の対策の進め方

1 Strategies of Measures for the Time Being

２　各対策の基本的考え方

2 Basic Concept of the Measures

（１）調査研究等の基本的考え方

(1) Basic concept of research and studies

（２）啓発の基本的考え方

(2) Basic concept of public-enlightenment programs

（国民に対する啓発）

(Public-enlightenment programs to people)

（教育活動を通じた啓発）

(Public-enlightenment programs through educational activities)

（職場の関係者に対する啓発）

(Public-enlightenment programs to stakeholders at work settings)

（３）相談体制の整備等の基本的考え方

(3) Basic concept such as establishment of a consultation system

（４）民間団体の活動に対する支援の基本的考え方

(4) Basic concept of support for the private-sector activities

第４　国が取り組む重点対策

Part 4 Priority Measures Taken by National Government

１　調査研究等

1 Research and Studies

（１）過労死等事案の分析

(1) Analysis of cases of Death and Injury from Overwork

（２）疫学研究等

(2) Epidemiological research

（３）過労死等の労働・社会分野の調査・分析

(3) Survey and analysis of labor and social fields surrounding the issue of Death and Injury from Overwork

（４）結果の発信

(4) Publishing the results

２　啓発

2 Public-enlightenment programs

（１）国民に向けた周知・啓発の実施

(1) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs for people

（２）大学・高等学校等における労働条件に関する啓発の実施

(2) Public-enlightenment programs on working conditions at universities, high schools

（３）長時間労働の削減のための周知・啓発の実施

(3) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs to reduce long working hours

（４）過重労働による健康障害の防止に関する周知・啓発の実施

(4) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs on how to prevent health problems due to overwork

（５）「働き方」の見直しに向けた企業への働きかけの実施及び年次有給休暇の取得促進

(5) Encouraging companies to review their "work approach" and promoting acquisition of annual paid leave

（６）メンタルヘルスケアに関する周知・啓発の実施

(6) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs on mental health care

（７）職場のパワーハラスメントの予防・解決のための周知・啓発の実施

(7) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs to prevent and resolve workplace power harassment

（８）商慣行等も踏まえた取組の推進

(8) Promotion of measures based on business practices

（９）公務員に対する周知・啓発等の実施

(9) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs among government officials

３　相談体制の整備等

3 Establishment of a Consultation System

（１）労働条件や健康管理に関する相談窓口の設置

(1) Establishment of consultation service on working conditions and health management

（２）産業医等相談に応じる者に対する研修の実施

(2) Training for those engaged in counseling services, including industrial physicians

（３）労働衛生・人事労務関係者等に対する研修の実施

(3) Training for those concerned with occupational health and personnel labor management

（４）公務員に対する相談体制の整備等

(4) Establishment of consultation system for government officials

４　民間団体の活動に対する支援

4 Support for Private-Sector Activities

（１）過労死等防止対策推進シンポジウムの開催

(1) Holding symposium to prevent death and injury from overwork

（２）シンポジウム以外の活動に対する支援

(2) Support for activities other than symposiums

（３）民間団体の活動の周知

(3) Publication of private-sector activities

第５　国以外の主体が取り組む重点対策

Part 5 Priority Measures Taken by Non-National Government Entities

１　地方公共団体

1 Local governments

（１）啓発

(1) Public-enlightenment programs

（２）相談体制の整備等

(2) Establishment of a consultation system

（３）民間団体の活動に対する支援

(3) Support for private-sector activities

２　事業主

2 Person in control of business

（１）経営幹部等の取組

(1) Efforts by senior executives

（２）産業保健スタッフ等の活用

(2) Utilization of occupational health staff

３　労働組合等

3 Labor Unions

４　民間団体

4 Private Organizations

５　国民

5 People

第６　推進上の留意事項

Part 6 Consideration in Promoting the Measures

１　推進状況のフォローアップ

1 Follow-up of Progress

２　対策の見直し

2 Review of Measures

３　大綱の見直し

3 Review of the Outline

第１　はじめに

Part 1 Introduction

近年、我が国において過労死等が多発し大きな社会問題となっている。過労死等は、本人はもとより、その遺族又は家族にとって計り知れない苦痛であるとともに社会にとっても大きな損失である。

Death or injury from overwork, known as "karoshi, etc." has claimed more and more lives in recent years and has become a major social problem in Japan. Death and injury from overwork creates immense pain, not only for the victims themselves but also their bereaved families or families. It is also a great loss for society.

過労死は、１９８０年代後半から社会的に大きく注目され始めた。「過労死」という言葉は、我が国のみでなく、国際的にも「ｋａｒｏｓｈｉ」として知られるようになった。近年においても、過労死等にも至る若者の「使い捨て」が疑われる企業等の問題など、劣悪な雇用管理を行う企業の存在と対策の必要性が各方面で指摘されている。過労死等は、人権に関わる問題とも言われている。

The "karoshi" issue has drawn significant social attention in Japan since the late 1980s, since which time, the term "karoshi" was adopted to mean "death from overwork," overseas as well as domestically. Even in recent years, issues in various fields with poor employment management have been underlined as well as the need to take measures, including those suspected of "exploiting" young workers who die from overwork and other work-related disorders. Death and injury from overwork is considered a human rights issue.

このような中、過労死で亡くなられた方の遺族等やその方々を支援する弁護士、学者等が集まって過労死を防止する立法を目指す団体が結成された。団体では、全国で５５万人を超える署名を集める等により被災者の実態と遺族の実情を訴え、立法への理解を得るよう国会に対する働きかけを行うとともに、地方議会に対しては法制定の意見書が採択されるよう働きかけを行った。また、国際連合経済社会理事会決議によって設立された社会権規約委員会が我が国に対して、長時間労働を防止するための措置の強化等を勧告している。このような動きに対応し、１４３の地方議会が意見書を採択するとともに、国会において法制定を目指す議員連盟が結成される等、立法の気運が高まる中で、過労死等防止対策推進法（以下「法」という。）が提出され、平成２６年６月に全会一致で可決、成立し、同年１１月１日に施行された。

Under these circumstances, bereaved families etc. of those having died from death from overwork and the lawyers and scholars etc. who support the families gathered to form an organization aiming to legalize an Act to prevent death from overwork. With more than 550,000 signatures gathered from throughout Japan, the organization promoted awareness of the actual situation of the victims and their bereaved families; encouraging the Diet to gain understanding of the legislation and urging local councils to adopt the written opinion of the legislation. Also, the Committee on the Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, established based on the resolution of the United Nations Economic and Social Council, recommends that Japan strengthen its measures and prevent long working hours. In response, 143 local assemblies adopted a written opinion and a Diet members' league for legislation was formed in the National Assembly with increasing momentum toward legislation. The Act Promoting Measures to Prevent Death and Injury from Overwork (hereinafter referred to as the "Act") was submitted, passed unanimously in June 2014 and took effect on November 1 the same year.

このように、法が成立した原動力には、過労死に至った多くの尊い生命と深い悲しみ、喪失感を持つ遺族による四半世紀にも及ぶ活動があった。当初は、過重労働と脳・心臓疾患や自殺との関連性が必ずしも明らかではなかったが、現在では、長時間にわたる過重な労働は、疲労の蓄積をもたらす最も重要な要因と考えられ、さらには脳・心臓疾患との関連性が強いという医学的知見が得られている。また、業務における強い心理的負荷による精神障害により、正常の認識、行為選択能力が著しく阻害され、あるいは自殺行為を思いとどまる精神的抑制力が著しく阻害され、自殺に至る場合があると考えられている。このような共通の認識の下、法には、過労死等の定義が、我が国の法律上初めて以下のとおり規定された。

The driving force behind the enactment of the law are the activities carried out by bereaved families who have suffered great pain and grief over the last quarter-century due to the fact that many precious lives have been lost due to death from overwork. Initially, the relationship between overwork and brain/heart diseases and suicide was not necessarily apparent. However, today, extended overtime work is considered the most critical factor leading to accumulation of fatigue and medical findings strongly related to brain/heart diseases have been obtained. It is also believed that mental disorders may cause suicide due to intense psychological burden at work, which severely inhibits workers' normal recognition, behavior selection capability, or ability to become aware of and combat their suicidal behavior. Under the common recognition, the definition of death and injury from overwork was stipulated in an Act as follows for the first time in our legal system:

・業務における過重な負荷による脳血管疾患・心臓疾患を原因とする死亡

- Death due to cerebrovascular/heart diseases caused by an overload of work

・業務における強い心理的負荷による精神障害を原因とする自殺による死亡

- Suicide due to mental disorders caused by a significant psychological burden

・死亡には至らないが、これらの脳血管疾患・心臓疾患、精神障害

- Even where not leading to death, related cerebrovascular/heart diseases or mental disorders

法では、基本理念として、過労死等の防止のための対策は、過労死等に関する実態が必ずしも十分に把握されていない現状を踏まえ、過労死等に関する調査研究を行うことにより過労死等に関する実態を明らかにし、その成果を過労死等の効果的な防止のための取組に生かすことができるようにするとともに、過労死等を防止することの重要性について国民の自覚を促し、これに対する国民の関心と理解を深めること等により、行わなければならないと定められている。また、この基本理念の下、勤労感謝の日を含む１１月を過労死等防止啓発月間とすることが定められている。

Given that measures to prevent death and injury from overwork do not necessarily fully reflect the relevant circumstances, the basic philosophy behind this Act involves aiming to clarify actual circumstances of death and injury from overwork through research and studies into death and injury from overwork, utilizing the results of research and studies on death and injury from overwork in an effort to efficiently prevent death and injury from overwork and promoting awareness and understanding among people of the importance of avoiding death and injury from overwork. Under this basic philosophy, November, including Labor Thanksgiving Day, was designated as an Enlightenment Month to Raise Awareness to Prevent Death and Injury from Overwork.

また、国に過労死等の防止のための対策を効果的に推進する責務を課すとともに、地方公共団体は国と協力しつつ過労死等の防止のための対策の効果的な推進に努めなければならないとされている。事業主は国及び地方公共団体が実施する過労死等の防止のための対策への協力、国民は過労死等の防止の重要性の自覚及びこれに対する関心と理解を深めることに、それぞれ努めるものとされている。

This Act also requires the national government to take responsibility to promote measures to prevent death and injury from overwork efficiently, and in coordination with the national government local governments are required to endeavor to efficiently promote measures to prevent death and injury from overwork. Person in control of business is required to endeavor to cooperate with measures to prevent death and injury from overwork stipulated by the national government and local governments and people are required to endeavor to remain aware of the importance of preventing death and injury from overwork and deepen their interest and understanding of the same, respectively.

この大綱は、以上に述べた法の基本的な考え方を踏まえ、法第７条第１項の規定に基づき、過労死等の防止のための対策を効果的に推進するために定めるものである。

On the basic abovementioned pillar of the Act, Outline is established to effectively promote measures to prevent death and injury from overwork, based on Article 7, paragraph (1) of the Act.

人の生命はかけがえのないものであり、どのような社会であっても、過労死等は、本来あってはならない。過労死等がなく、仕事と生活を調和させ、健康で充実して働き続けることのできる社会の実現に寄与することを目的として、今後、この大綱に基づき、過労死等の防止のための対策を推進する。

Human life is irreplaceable. In any society, death and injury from overwork should never take place. The Outline include measures to prevent death and injury from overwork and thus help establish a society without death and injury from overwork, with a good work/life balance and a healthy and fulfilling life for workers. Measures to prevent death and injury from overwork will be promoted based on the Outline.

第２　現状と課題

Part 2 Present Situation and Problems

１　労働時間等の状況

1 Working Hours

労働時間については、労働者１人当たりの年間総実労働時間は減少傾向で推移しているが、パートタイム労働者の割合の増加によるものと考えられ、一般労働者については２，０００時間前後で高止まりしている（厚生労働省「毎月勤労統計調査」による。）。

Regarding working hours, the annual total hours worked per worker has been declining, which may reflect the increased proportion of part-time workers. Conversely, the hours worked by general workers have remained high, at around 2,000 (according to the "Monthly Labor Survey" by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare).

また、我が国は、欧州諸国と比較して、年平均労働時間が長い。さらに、時間外労働（週に４０時間以上）を行っている者の構成割合が高く、特に週に４９時間以上働いている労働者の割合が高い（ＩＬＯ「ＩＬＯＳＴＡＴＤａｔａｂａｓｅ」（日本は総務省「労働力調査」）による。）。

Also, Japanese employees tend to work longer than those in European countries, with a high proportion engaged in overtime work (over 40 hours per week), particularly more than 49 hours a week (ILO "ILOSTAT Database" (Japanese version, extracted from data by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications "Labor Force Survey")).

週の労働時間が６０時間以上の者の割合は、全体では近年低下傾向で推移し、１割弱となっているが、働き盛りの３０代男性では平成２６年は１７．０％と、以前より低下したものの高水準で推移している。平成２６年の全産業の週６０時間以上の就業者は５６６万人、うち雇用者は４６８万人である（総務省「労働力調査」による。）。

Workers who work more than 60 hours per week have been on a downward trend in recent years, which is slightly under 10%. Conversely, men in their 30s, in their prime, accounted for 17.0% in 2014, remaining at a high level, despite declining slightly lower than the past. In 2014, 5.66 million employees worked for more than 60 hours a week across all industries, 4.68 million of whom were employed (data from "Labor Force Survey" by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications).

一方、年次有給休暇については、付与日数が長期的に微増しているものの、取得日数が微減から横ばいで推移しており、その取得率は、近年５割を下回る水準で推移している（厚生労働省「就労条件総合調査」による。）。いわゆる正社員の約１６％が年次有給休暇を１日も取得しておらず、また、年次有給休暇をほとんど取得していない労働者については長時間労働者の比率が高い実態にある（独立行政法人労働政策研究・研修機構「年次有給休暇の取得に関する調査」（平成２３年）による。）。

Also, despite a slight increase in the number of days of annual paid leave over the long term, the number of days acquired has remained unchanged from a slight decrease and the acquisition rate has remained below 50% in recent years (Data from "General Survey on Working Conditions" by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare). Approximately 16% of so-called regular employees took not even one day of annual paid leave. Also, workers who took very few annual paid leave accounted for a higher proportion of all long-term workers. (Data from "Survey on Acquisition of Annual Paid Leave" by the Japan Institute for Labor Policy and Training) (2011)

２　職場におけるメンタルヘルス対策の状況

2 Mental Health Measures in the Workplace

仕事や職業生活に関することで強い不安、悩み、ストレスを感じている労働者の割合は、平成２５年は５２．３％と以前より低下したものの、依然として半数を超えている。その内容（３つ以内の複数回答）をみると、「仕事の質・量」（６５．３％）が最も多く、次いで、「仕事の失敗、責任の発生等」（３６．６％）、「対人関係（セクハラ・パワハラを含む。）」（３３．７％）となっている。

The proportion of workers suffering from high anxiety, troubles and stress at work or work life was 52.3% in 2013; slightly declining from the past but still comprising more than half. Specifically, analyzing the answers (multiple responses within 3), "job quality/quantity" (65.3%) was the most common, followed by "job failure, taking responsibility and other" (36.6%) and "interpersonal relations (including sexual harassment and power harassment)" (33.7%).

現在の自分の仕事や職業生活でのストレス等について相談できる人がいるとする労働者の割合は９０．８％となっており、相談できる人がいるとする労働者が挙げた相談相手（複数回答）は、「家族・友人」（８３．２％）が最も多く、次いで、「上司・同僚」（７５．８％）となっている。また、ストレス等を相談できる人がいるとした労働者のうち、実際に相談した人がいる労働者の割合は７５．８％となっており、実際に相談した相手（複数回答）をみると、「家族・友人」（５８．９％）が最も多く、次いで「上司・同僚」（５３．５％）となっている。

Also, 90.8% of workers answered that they had somebody with whom to discuss their frustrations, etc. in their present work or work life. As for counseling partners the respondents mentioned (multiple answers), "families/friends" (83.2%) was the most common, followed by "bosses/colleagues" (75.8%). Also, among the workers who said that they had somebody with whom to discuss their stress, etc., 75.8% of respondents answered that they did request advice and guidance from the same. As for the breakdown of their partners actually consulted by the workers (multiple answers), "families/friends" (58.9%) was the most common, followed by "bosses/colleagues" (53.5%).

メンタルヘルス対策に取り組んでいる事業所の割合は、６０．７％（平成２５年）であり、前年の４７．２％より上昇している。取組内容（複数回答）をみると、「労働者への教育研修・情報提供」（４６．０％）が最も多く、次いで、「事業所内での相談体制の整備」（４１．８％）、「管理監督者への教育研修・情報提供」（３７．９％）となっている（以上、厚生労働省「平成２５年労働安全衛生調査（実態調査）」による。）。

The percentage of business offices engaged in mental health measures was 60.7% (2013), increasing from 47.2% the previous year. As for the breakdown of their measures (multiple answers), "education and training/information provision to workers" was the most common (46.0%), followed by "improvement of consultation system within the office" (41.8%), "education and training/information provision to administrators" (37.9%) (Data from "Occupational Health Surveillance 2013" (fact-finding investigation) by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare).

なお、都道府県労働局等に寄せられている企業と労働者の紛争に関する相談のうち「いじめ、嫌がらせ」に関するものは、近年急増し、平成２４年度には「解雇」の相談件数を上回り、最多となっている。

Among complaints on disputes between companies and workers which were reported to prefectural Labor Bureaus etc., those related to "bullying/harassment" have soared in recent years and exceeded the number of "dismissed," becoming the most common in FY 2012.

３　就業者の脳血管疾患、心疾患等の発生状況

3 Incidence of Cerebrovascular, Heart Diseases of Workers

我が国の就業者の脳血管疾患、心疾患（高血圧性を除く。）、大動脈瘤及び解離による死亡数は、５年ごとに実施される人口動態職業・産業別統計によれば、減少傾向で推移しており、平成２２年度は３万人余りとなっている。

According to demographic dynamics for occupational/industrial statistics performed every 5 years, the number of deaths caused by cerebrovascular or heart diseases (excluding high blood pressure), aortic aneurysms and dissection among employed workers in Japan has been declining, with around 30,000 cases recorded in FY 2010.

年齢別にみると、６０歳以上が全体の７割以上を占めており、高齢者に多い。また、産業別には、農業・林業、卸売業・小売業、製造業、建設業、サービス業等に多く、職業別には、農林漁業職、サービス職、専門・技術職、販売職、管理職等で多くなっている。

By age, those over 60 comprised more than 70% of the total; common for seniors. By industry, it is common to see agriculture/forestry, wholesale/retail, manufacturing, construction and service account for a significant portion, whereas by occupation, it is common in agriculture, forestry and fishery workers, service positions, professional and technical positions, sales positions, managerial positions, etc..

４　自殺の状況

4 Circumstances of Suicide

我が国の自殺者数は、平成１０年以降１４年間連続して３万人を超えていたが、平成２２年以後減少が続き、平成２６年は２万５千人余りとなっている。

The number of national suicides has exceeded 30,000 cases involving 14 consecutive years since 1998, but has continued declining since 2010, with around 25,000 cases in 2014.

職業別にみると、被雇用者・勤め人（有職者から自営業・家族従業者を除いたもので、会社役員等を含む。）の自殺者数は、近年、総数が減少傾向にある中で概ね減少傾向にあり、平成２６年は７，１６４人となっている。

By type of occupation, the number of suicides among employees/workers (excluding self-employed/family workers, including corporate officers, etc.) has been decreasing in recent years alongside an overall decline, with 7,164 cases recorded in 2014.

一方、原因・動機別（遺書等の自殺を裏付ける資料により明らかに推定できる原因・動機を自殺者一人につき３つまで計上可能としたもの）にみると、勤務問題が原因・動機の一つと推定される自殺者数は、平成１９年から平成２３年までにかけて、総数が横ばいから減少傾向にある中で増加したが、その後減少し、平成２６年は２，２２７人となっている。原因・動機の詳細別にみると、勤務問題のうち「仕事疲れ」が３割を占め、次いで、「職場の人間関係」が２割強、「仕事の失敗」が２割弱、「職場環境の変化」が１割強となっている（以上、警察庁「自殺統計」より内閣府算出）。

Conversely, as for the breakdown of causes/motivations (up to 3 causes/motivations per person were determined, based on their suicide notes or other documents), the number of those considered to have taken their lives with one of the causes or motivations from their work-related issues increased during the period from 2007 to 2011, although the total number remained flat and then showed a trend to decrease, standing at 2,227 cases in 2014. As for details of the causes and motivations, "work-related fatigue" comprised 30% of the work-related issues, followed by "personal relationship at work " at over 20%, "failure in work" cited in fewer than 20% of cases and over 10% citing "change in work environment" (Calculated by the Cabinet Office based on data from "Suicide Statistics" the National Police Agency).

５　脳・心臓疾患及び精神障害に係る労災補償等の状況

5 Workers' Compensation for Brain/Heart Disease and Mental Disorders

（１）労災補償の状況

(1) Workers' compensation

業務における過重な負荷による脳血管疾患又は虚血性心疾患（以下「脳・心臓疾患」という。）を発症したとして労災請求された件数は、過去１０年程度、７００件台後半から９００件台前半の間で増減している。

The number of cases requested for occupational accidents due to the onset of cerebrovascular disease or ischemic heart disease (hereinafter referred to as "brain/heart diseases") due to an overload of work has been fluctuating over the past decade, from the upper half of 700 cases to the lower half of 900 cases.

このうち、労災支給決定された件数は、平成１４年度に３００件を超えて以降、高い水準で推移し、平成１９年度には３９２件に至った。その後、一旦は３００件を下回ったが、平成２３年度以降３００件を超えて推移している。これらの決定件数のうち、死亡に係る件数は、平成１４年度には１６０件に至り、それ以降も１００件を超えて推移している。業種別には道路貨物運送業が最も多く、職種別にも自動車運転従事者が最も多い。年齢別には４０歳以上に多い。

Among these, the number of claims for which workers' compensation was decided exceeded 300 cases in FY2002 and has remained high ever since, reaching 392 in FY2007. Since that time, despite once decreasing to fewer than 300 cases, it has remained above 300 cases since FY2011. Among these numbers of payment decisions, the number of deaths reached 160 in FY2002 and has exceeded 100 cases ever since. By industry, the road freight transport industry was the top and the number of automobile drivers was also the most common by job category. By age, the largest proportion was the age group of over 40s.

一方、業務における強い心理的負荷による精神障害を発病したとして労災請求された件数は、平成１１年度に初めて１００件を超えた後、増加傾向で推移し、平成２１年度には１，０００件を超え、平成２５年度には１，４０９件に至っている。

Also, the number of workers' compensation claims for mental disorders caused by strong psychological burden exceeded 100 cases involving the first time in FY1999, subsequently exceeding 1,000 cases in FY2009 and reaching 1,409 cases in FY2013.

このうち、支給決定された件数は、平成１４年度に１００件にのぼり、平成１８年度には２００件超、平成２２年度には３００件超、平成２４年度には４７５件に至った。平成２５年度には、前年度に比べてやや減少したものの、４３６件と高い水準で推移している。これらの決定件数のうち、自殺（未遂を含む。）に係るものは、平成１８年度以降６０件を超えて推移しており、平成２４年度には９３件に至った。平成２５年度には、６３件と前年度に比べて減少したが、依然として６０件を超えている。業種別には社会保険・社会福祉・介護事業、道路貨物運送業、医療業等に多く、職種別には一般事務従事者が最も多い。年齢別には３０歳代に多く、脳・心臓疾患に比べ若い年齢層に多い（以上、厚生労働省「脳・心臓疾患と精神障害の労災補償状況」による。）。

Among these, the number of workers' compensation payment decisions reached 100 cases in FY2002, exceeding 200 cases in FY2006, over 300 cases in FY2010 and 475 cases in FY2012 respectively. Despite decreasing slightly compared to the previous fiscal year in FY2013, it has remained at a high level of 436 cases. Among decisions on these workers' compensation payments, those related to suicide (including suicide attempts) have remained beyond 60 cases since FY 2006, reaching 93 cases in FY 2012. FY2013 saw 63 cases, decreasing from the previous fiscal year, although the figure still exceeded 60 cases. In terms of industry type, the most common categories were social insurance, social welfare and nursing care industry, the road freight transport industry, the medical care industry and others. By job category, the number of general office workers peaked. The breakdown by age showed that it was common for those in their 30s and more in younger age groups than for brain/heart disease (based on "Compensation for Workers Suffering from Brain/Heart Diseases and/or Mental Disorders" by Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare).

（２）国家公務員の公務災害の状況

(2) Work-related accidents or diseases among national public employees

一般職の国家公務員の公務災害について、過去１０年程度では協議件数（各府省等は、脳・心臓疾患、精神疾患等に係る公務上外認定を行うに当たっては、事前に人事院に協議を行うこととされており、その協議件数）は、脳・心臓疾患は、平成１８年度に４１件となっている以外は６件から２５件の間で増減している。また、精神疾患等は、平成１８年度に５６件となっている以外は２１件から４４件の間で増減している。

Regarding work-related accidents or disease among national public employees in regular service, the number of consultations (ministries, and agencies are to consult with the National Personnel Authority beforehand to recognize whether brain/heart disease, mental illness, etc. are caused on- or off-duty,) has increased and decreased over the past decade within the range of 6 and 25 cases, except for 41 brain/heart disease cases in FY2006. Also, mental illness, etc. fluctuated within the range of 21 and 44 cases, except for 56 cases in FY2006.

このうち、過去１０年程度では公務災害の認定件数は、脳・心臓疾患は３件から１５件の間で、精神疾患等は３件から１７件の間でそれぞれ増減している。いずれも特定の年度の件数が突出しているほかは、特段の傾向は認められない。最近５年間の公務災害認定者の職種別構成比では、脳・心臓疾患は一般行政職が１５件、公安職が３件、指定職が２件、医療職、研究職、その他がそれぞれ１件となっている。同様に、精神疾患等は一般行政職が２４件、医療職が１０件、公安職が８件、専門行政職が２件、福祉職が１件となっている。年齢別には、脳・心臓疾患は５０歳代、４０歳代の順に多く、精神疾患等は２０歳代、３０歳代の順に多くなっている。

Among these, over the past decade, the number of authorized cases involving work-related brain/heart diseases has fluctuated between 3 and 15 cases, whereas the number of mental illness, etc. was between 3 and 17 cases, respectively. Regardless, no special trend emerged except for a prominent number of cases in a specific fiscal year. Case numbers by occupational type of work-related accidents or diseases for government officers over the last 5 years included 15 cases of brain/heart diseases for administrative officers, 3 cases involving public security officers, 2 cases involving designated officers and 1 case for medical officers, research officers and others, respectively. Similarly, regarding mental illnesses, etc., there were 24 cases involving administrative officers, 10 cases involving medical officers, 8 cases involving public security officers, 2 cases involving professional administrative officers and 1 case for welfare officers. By age, brain/heart diseases were common for those in their 50s and 40s, in order, while mental illnesses, etc. were common for those in their 20s and 30s in order.

（３）地方公務員の公務災害の状況

(3) Work-related accidents or diseases among local government employees

地方公務員の公務災害の受理件数について、過去１０年程度では、脳・心臓疾患は、平成２３年度まで４１件から５８件の間で増減した後、平成２４年度は２６件、平成２５年度は１４件となっている。また、精神疾患等は、２９件から６６件の間で増減している。

With respect to the number of work-related accidents or diseases among local government employees for the past decade or so, brain/heart disease fluctuated between 41 and 58 cases until FY2011, with 26 cases in FY2012 and 14 cases in FY2013. Mental illness, etc. also fluctuated within the range of 29 - 66 cases.

このうち、過去１０年程度では公務災害の認定件数は、脳・心臓疾患は９件から２０件の間で増減しており、精神疾患等は平成１７年度に２０件に増加した後、平成２５年度まで１５件から２２件の間で増減している。最近５年間の公務災害認定者の職種別構成比では、脳・心臓疾患は義務教育学校職員が１９件、警察職員が１７件、義務教育学校職員以外の教育職員が８件、消防職員が４件、その他の職員（一般職員等）が２２件となっている。同様に、精神疾患等では義務教育学校職員が１７件、義務教育学校以外の教育職員が９件、消防職員が４件、警察職員が４件、その他の職員（一般職員等）が４９件等となっている。年齢別には、脳・心臓疾患は４０歳代、５０歳代、精神疾患等は４０歳代、３０歳代の順に多い。

Among the number of work-related accidents or diseases recognized in the past decade, brain/heart disease has been fluctuating within the range of 9 - 20 cases, mental illness, etc. fluctuated between 15 and 22 cases until FY2013 after rising to 20 cases in FY2005. Regarding the composition ratio by occupation of work-related accidents or diseases over the past 5 years, there were 19 cases involving compulsory education school staff, 17 cases involving police officials, 8 cases involving education staff other than compulsory education, 4 cases involving firefighters and 22 cases involving other staff (general staff). Similarly, with regard to mental illness, etc., there were 17 cases involving compulsory education school staff, 9 cases involving education staff other than compulsory education, 4 cases involving firefighters and police officers respectively and 49 cases involving other staff (general staff, etc.). By age, brain/heart diseases were common for those in their 40s and 50s, while mental illnesses, etc. were common for those in their 40s and 30s, in order.

６　課題

6 Challenges

過労死等については、これまで主に労災補償を行う際の業務起因性について議論されてきたが、その効果的な防止については、未だ十分とは言えないことから、過労死等の防止対策に資するため、長時間労働のほかにどのような発生要因等があるかを明らかにすることが必要である。

In providing compensation for workers, discussion centered on whether or not the case of death and injury from overwork was business-induced. However, since death and injury from overwork has not yet been efficiently prevented, it is necessary to clarify the mechanism, etc., as well as long working hours, to help develop measures to prevent death and injury from overwork.

また、就業者の脳血管疾患、心疾患（高血圧性を除く。）、大動脈瘤及び解離による死亡数は、６０歳以上が全体の７割以上を占めているものの、脳・心臓疾患により死亡したとする労災請求件数と大きな差がある。また、被雇用者・勤め人の自殺者のうち勤務問題を原因・動機の一つとする自殺者数は、精神障害により死亡したとする労災請求件数と大きな差がある。これらの差の部分について、遺族等が労災請求をためらっているという意見もあるが、詳細な統計がないこともあり、分析が十分とはいえない。

Also, deaths due to cerebrovascular and heart disease (excluding high blood pressure), aortic aneurysms and dissections among workers accounted for more than 70% of those over the age of 60, but there was a significant difference from the number of workers' compensation claims for deaths due to brain/heart diseases. There was a significant gap between the number of those considered to have committed suicide with one of the causes or motivations cited as their work-related issues and that of workers' compensation claims for deaths due to mental disorders. Regarding the gap, some people insisted that this was because bereaved families, etc. were hesitant to claim workers' compensation; however, the lack of detailed data means this analysis may be insufficient.

啓発については、一定程度はなされているものの、まだまだ十分とはいえる状況にない。特に若年者を対象とする教育活動を通じた啓発が必要である。

Although a certain number of public-enlightenment programs have been provided, the total remains insufficient. In particular, education activities targeting young people should be included in the programs.

過労死等をもたらす一つの原因は長時間労働であるが、労働時間については、平均的な労働者ではなく、特に長時間就労する労働者に着目して、その労働時間の短縮と年次有給休暇の取得を促進するための対策が必要である。また、労働時間の把握が様々な対策の前提になることから、その把握を客観的に行うよう啓発する必要がある。

One of the factors that causes death and injury from overwork are long working hours. Regarding working hours, measures should be taken, focusing on workers who work long hours rather than average workers, to promote reduction of their working hours and acquisition of annual paid leave. Also, an enlightenment is required to be provided to identify working hours objectively, as identifying working hours is a prerequisite for various measures.

メンタルヘルスについては、仕事や職業生活に関する強い不安、悩み、ストレスを感じている労働者の割合が半数を超えている中で、労働者が相談しやすい環境の整備が必要である。

With regard to mental health, while more than half workers feel strong anxiety, troubles and stress in their work and work lives, it is necessary to develop an environment where workers feel at ease and discuss their problems for advice and guidance.

第３　過労死等の防止のための対策の基本的考え方

Part 3 Basic Concepts of Measures to Prevent Death and Injury from Overwork

１　当面の対策の進め方

1 Strategies of Measures for the Time Being

過労死等は、要因が複雑で多岐にわたっており、その発生要因等は明らかでない部分が少なくない。このため、第一に実態解明のための調査研究が早急に行われることが重要である。

The mechanism, etc. of death and injury from overwork may be complicated and diverse with a range of factors, many of which are invisible. Therefore, it is crucial to carry out research and studies to clarify the actual situation as soon as possible.

一方、啓発、相談体制の整備等、民間団体の活動に対する支援は、調査研究の成果を踏まえて行うことが効果的である。しかしながら、過労死等防止は喫緊の課題であり、過労死等の原因の一つである長時間労働を削減し、仕事と生活の調和（ワークライフバランスの確保）を図るとともに、労働者の健康管理に係る措置を徹底し、良好な職場環境（職場風土を含む。）を形成の上、労働者の心理的負荷を軽減していくことは急務である。また、関係法令等の遵守の徹底を図ることも重要である。このため、調査研究の成果を待つことなく、当面、２に述べる視点から取り組むこととする。

Conversely, it is effective to support public-enlightenment programs, consultation systems and private-sector activities based on results of the research and studies. However, preventing death and injury from overwork and the task to reducing working hours, one of its causes, to harmonize work and living (secure work-life balance) is an urgent issue. At the same time, it is essential to thoroughly implement measures relating to worker healthcare, to formulate a good work environment and reduce the psychological burden on workers. It is also important to ensure compliance with the relevant laws and regulations. Accordingly, the national government is to work from the perspective described in 2 for the time being without awaiting the results of research and studies.

これらの取組により、将来的に過労死等をゼロとすることを目指し、平成３２年までに週労働時間６０時間以上の雇用者の割合を５％以下、年次有給休暇取得率を７０％以上、平成２９年までにメンタルヘルス対策に取り組んでいる事業場の割合を８０％以上とする目標を早期に達成することを目指すこととする。また、今後おおむね３年を目途に、全ての都道府県でシンポジウムを開催するなど、全国で啓発活動が行われるようにするとともに、身体面、精神面の不調を生じた労働者誰もが必要に応じて相談することができる体制の整備を図ることを目指すこととする。

To realize zero death and injury from overwork through these efforts going forward, the national government is to strive to achieve targets such as reducing the percentage of employers with more than 60 working hours per week to 5% or less by 2020, increasing the rate of annual paid leave acquired by employees to 70% or more and increasing the ratio of workplaces engaged in mental health programs to more than 80% by 2017. Also, the national government is to seek to hold symposium sessions in all prefectures over approximately 3 years in future as public-enlightenment programs nationwide and improve consultation services system in which every worker suffering from physical and mental disorders can consult it.

なお、調査研究の成果が得られ次第、当該成果を踏まえ、取り組むべき対策を検討し、それらを逐次反映していくこととする。

As soon as the results of research and studies are obtained, measures to be taken are to be examined and included as needed based on the outcome.

２　各対策の基本的考え方

2 Basic Concept of the Measures

（１）調査研究等の基本的考え方

(1) Basic concept of research and studies

過労死等の実態の解明のためには、疲労の蓄積や、心理的負荷の直接の原因となる労働時間や職場環境だけでなく、不規則勤務、交替制勤務、深夜労働、出張の多い業務、精神的緊張の強い業務といった要因のほか、その背景となる企業の経営状態や短納期発注を含めた様々な商取引上の慣行等の業界を取り巻く環境、労働者の属性や睡眠・家事も含めた生活時間等の労働者側の状況等、複雑で多岐にわたる要因及びそれらの関連性を分析していく必要がある。このため、医学や労働・社会分野のみならず、経済学等の関連分野も含め、国、地方公共団体、事業主、労働組合、民間団体等の協力のもと、多角的、学際的な視点から実態解明のための調査研究を進めていくことが必要である。

To clarify the actual situation of death and injury from overwork, it is necessary to analyze complicated and diverse related factors and their relevance. This includes not only accumulation of fatigue, working hours and the workplace environment which directly cause psychological burden, as well as factors such as irregular work, shift work, late night work, work with many business trips, and work with strong mental strain, but also the environment surrounding an industry such as various commercial practices, etc., including the business condition of the company, ordering quick delivery, workers' attributes and their circumstances, etc., including their living such as sleep and housekeeping hours, etc. To this end, the research and studies are necessary to be implemented to clarify the actual situation from a multilateral and interdisciplinary point of view, not only in medical, labor and social fields but also their related areas such as economics, etc. under the cooperation of the national government, local governments, person in control of business, trade unions and private organizations, etc.

医学分野の調査研究については、過労死等の危険因子やそれと疾患との関連の解明、効果的な予防対策に資する研究を行うことが必要である。

Regarding research and studies in the medical field, there is the need for research that helps clarify the risk factors of death and injury from overwork and the relationship between death and injury from overwork and diseases and develop effective preventive measures.

その調査研究の成果を踏まえ、過労死等の防止のための健康管理の在り方について検討することが必要である。また、これらの調査研究が科学的・倫理的に適切に行われるよう、外部専門家による評価を受けるようにすることが必要である。

Based on the results of research and studies, the national government is necessary to examine how to provide healthcare to prevent death and injury from overwork Evaluation by external experts is also needed to ensure this research and these studies are conducted appropriately, with a firm scientific and ethical basis.

労働・社会分野の調査研究については、民間の雇用労働者のみならず、公務員、自営業者、会社役員も含め、業務における過重な負荷又は強い心理的負荷を受けたことに関連する疾患、療養者の状況とその背景要因を探り、我が国における過労死等の全体像を明らかにすることが必要である。

Regarding research and studies in labor and social sectors, the national government is necessary to determine the situation of government employees as well as private company workers, self-employed workers and corporate officers, determine work-related diseases due to an overload of work or a significant psychological burden, the circumstances of the worker who gets medical treatment and background factors and determine the overall picture of death and injury from overwork in Japan.

また、例えば、自動車運転従事者、教職員、ＩＴ産業、外食産業、医療等、過労死等が多く発生しているとの指摘がある職種・業種や、若年者をはじめとする特定の年齢層の労働者について、特に過労死等の防止のための対策の重点とすべきとの意見がある。調査研究に当たっては、このような意見を踏まえて、より掘り下げた調査研究を行うことが必要である。

Death and injury from overwork also seems more prevalent in certain occupations and industries, including, for example, automobile drivers, teachers and staff, those engaged in the IT industry, food service industry and medical care, etc. Measures to prevent death and injury from overwork among workers should be prioritized, particularly for young people. In conducting research and studies, in-depth research and studies taking these opinions in mind are needed.

また、これらの調査研究を通じて、我が国の過労死等の状況や対策の効果を評価するために妥当かつ効果的な指標・方法についても早急に検討すべきである。

Through these research and studies, the national government should consider urgent and effective indicators and methods to assess circumstances of death and injury from overwork in Japan.

これらの調査研究の成果を集約し、啓発や相談の際に活用できる情報として発信していくことが必要である。

There is a need to summarize the results of these research and studies and disseminate the outcomes of information that are usable for public-enlightenment programs and consultation services.

（２）啓発の基本的考え方

(2) Basic concept of public-enlightenment programs

（国民に対する啓発）

(Public-enlightenment programs to people)

過労死等には、労働時間や職場環境だけでなく、その背景となる企業の経営状況や様々な商取引上の慣行のほか、睡眠を含めた生活時間等、様々な要因が関係している。また、過労死等を防止するためには、職場のみでなく、職場以外においても、周囲の「支え」が有効であることが少なくない。

Death and injury from overwork may be due to various factors, not only working hours and the work environment, but also the business condition of the company, its customs and inherent commercial practices and living hours, etc., including sleeping hours. Moreover, preventing death and injury from overwork also often depends on those both within and outside the work setting "support" to support the employee in question.

このため、過労死等を職場や労働者のみの問題と捉えるのではなく、国民一人ひとりが、労働者の生産した財やサービスの消費者として、ともに生活する社会の構成員として、さらには労働者を支える家族や友人として、自身にも関わることとして過労死等に対する理解を深めるとともに、それを防止することの重要性について自覚し、これに対する関心と理解を深めるよう、国、地方公共団体、民間団体が協力・連携しつつ、広く継続的に広報・啓発活動に取り組んでいくことが必要である。

With this in mind, the national government, local governments and private organizations are necessary to cooperate and collaborate and continuously engage in publicity and public-enlightenment programs consistently, so that people acknowledge that death and injury from overwork is not only a matter of workplace or worker. Moreover, all people should enhance their understanding of death and injury from overwork as consumers of goods and services produced by those workers, members of society living together and family members and friends supporting workers and involved in their own lives. There is also a need to reaffirm the importance of preventing death and injury from overwork and deepening their interest and understanding.

（教育活動を通じた啓発）

(Public-enlightenment programs through educational activities)

過労死等の防止のためには、若い頃から労働条件をはじめ、労働関係法令に関する理解を深めることも重要である。このため、民間団体とも連携しつつ、学校教育を通じて啓発を行っていくことが必要である。

To prevent death and injury from overwork, it is also essential to deepen their understanding of labor-related laws and regulations, including labor conditions, since they are still young. Accordingly, public-enlightenment programs through educational activities should be necessary, featuring cooperation with private organizations.

（職場の関係者に対する啓発）

(Public-enlightenment programs to stakeholders at work settings)

過労死等は職場において生じるものであることから、その防止のためには、一般的な啓発に加えて、職場の関係者に対する啓発が極めて重要である。特に、それぞれの職場を実際に管理する立場にある上司に対する啓発や、若い年齢層の労働者が労働条件に関する理解を深めるための啓発も重要である。

Since death and injury from overwork occurs in the workplace, it is crucial to bolster general education with public-enlightenment programs to the relevant parties in the workplace. In particular, it is also essential to provide public-enlightenment programs to bosses with authority to manage each workplace as well as younger workers so that they can better understand their working conditions.

職場における取組として、労働基準や労働安全衛生に関する法令の遵守が重要であることから、関係法令の規定や関連する事業主が講ずべき措置や指針及び関係通達の内容及びその趣旨に対する理解の促進及びその遵守のための啓発指導を行う必要がある。

Given the importance of efforts to comply with labor standards and occupational health and safety laws and regulations in work settings, there is a need to promote understanding of the relevant laws and regulations, measures and Guidelines to be taken by the relevant person in control of business and the contents and purpose of related notices, as well as improving educational awareness to comply with the same.

また、過労死等の主な原因の一つである長時間労働の削減や、賃金不払残業の解消、年次有給休暇の取得促進のためには、単に法令を遵守するだけではなく、長時間労働を行っている職場においては、これまでの働き方を改め、仕事と生活の調和（ワークライフバランス）のとれた働き方ができる職場環境づくりを進める必要がある。このため、各職場において、これまでの労働慣行が長時間労働を前提としているのであれば、それを変え、定時退社や年次有給休暇の取得促進等、それぞれの実情に応じた積極的な取組が行われるよう働きかけていくことが必要である。さらに、先進的な取組事例を広く周知するとともに、このような積極的な取組は企業価値を高めること、また、過労死等を発生させた場合にはその価値を下げることにつながり得ることを啓発することも必要である。

Also, to reduce long working hours, one of the leading causes of death and injury from overwork, eliminate unpaid overtime work and promote the acquisition of annual paid leave, it is necessary not only to comply with laws and regulations but also to rethink conventional practices in work settings where long working hours are the norm and promote the creation of a workplace environment with a healthy work/life balance. For this reason, in each of the work settings, conventional work practices must be changed if based on long working hours, to encourage aggressive efforts according to respective circumstances, such as promoting fixed time leave or the acquisition of annual paid leave. Furthermore, as well as widely disseminating advanced practical cases, it is also important to educate on how that aggressive efforts can boost corporate value and how the value declines when death and injury from overwork occurs.

その一方で、過重労働対策やメンタルヘルス対策に取り組んでいる企業が社会的に評価されるよう、そのような企業を広く周知することが必要である。

Conversely, to improve social awareness of companies engaged in measures against overwork and mental health, wide dissemination of their efforts is needed.

長時間労働が生じている背景には、様々な商慣行が存在し、個々の企業における労使による対応のみでは改善に至らない場合もある。このため、これらの諸要因について、取引先や消費者など関係者に対する問題提起等により、個々の企業における労使を超えて改善に取り組む気運を社会的に醸成していくことが必要である。

There are various commercial practices in the background of long working hours and sometimes labor-management measures taken by individual companies may not improve the situation. For these reasons and considering the challenges, etc. raised by business partners, consumers and others, there is a need to foster social momentum and take measures for improvement beyond the scope of labor-management in individual companies.

なお、調査研究の成果を踏まえ、職種・業種等ごとに重点をおいた啓発を行うことが必要である。

Based on the results of research and studies, it is necessary to provide public-enlightenment programs by focusing on job and industry type, etc.

（３）相談体制の整備等の基本的考え方

(3) Basic concept such as establishment of a consultation system

労働者が過労死等の危険を感じた場合に、早期に相談できるようにするため、労働者が気軽に相談することができる多様な相談窓口を民間団体と連携しつつ整備することが必要である。

To ensure a consultation service at an early stage, when workers feel at risk of death and injury from overwork, there is a need to provide various consultation programs so that workers can ask for advice and guidance in cooperation with private organizations without hesitation.

併せて、職場において健康管理に携わる産業医をはじめとする産業保健スタッフ等の人材育成、研修について、充実・強化を図ることも必要である。

At the same time, enhancing and strengthening human resource development and training for occupational health staff, etc. are also important, including industrial physicians engaged in workplace health management.

相談窓口は、単に設置するだけではなく、労働者のプライバシーに配慮しつつ、必要な場合に労働者が躊躇なく相談に行くことができるよう環境を整備していくことが必要である。

As well as providing a counseling service, there is a need to focus on worker privacy and improve the environment so that workers may use the consultation services without hesitation as required.

また、そのためには、職場において、労使双方が過労死等の防止のための対策の重要性を認識し、労働者や管理監督者等に対する教育研修等を通じ、労働者が過重労働や心理的負荷による自らの身体面、精神面の不調に気づくことができるようにしていくとともに、上司、同僚も労働者の不調の兆候に気づき、産業保健スタッフ等につなぐことができるようにしていくことなど、相談に行くことに対する共通理解を形成していくことが必要である。

For that purpose, both labor and management are required to acknowledge the importance of measures to prevent death and injury from overwork in work settings and it is necessary to ensure that workers may note their own physical and mental problems by overwork and psychological burden through education and training, etc. provided to workers and supervisors. It is also important to ensure that the boss and colleagues recognize signs of workers' problems and contact industrial health center staff, etc., to form a common understanding of the benefit of using a consultation service.

さらに、産業医等のいない規模の事業場に対して相談対応を行う産業保健総合支援センター地域窓口について、充実・強化を図ることも必要である。

Just as important are efforts to enhance and strengthen regional offices of the Occupational Health and Welfare Support Center, which provides a consultation service for workplaces where no industrial physicians are available.

また、職場以外においては、家族・友人等も過労死等の防止のための対策の重要性を認識し、過重労働による労働者の不調に気づき、相談に行くことを勧めるなど適切に対処できるようにすることが必要である。

Outside the workplace, also families and friends are necessary to recognize the importance of measures to prevent death and injury from overwork, ensure awareness of workers' problems due to overwork and recommend counseling services to help the persons deal with the problem appropriately.

（４）民間団体の活動に対する支援の基本的考え方

(4) Basic concept of support for the private-sector activities

過労死等を防止する取組については、家族を過労死で亡くされた遺族の方々が悲しみを乗り越え、同じ苦しみを持つ方々と交流を深めていく中で、それぞれの地域において啓発・相談活動を展開する民間団体や、全国規模での電話相談窓口の開設などを通じて過労死等で悩む労働者やその家族等からの相談に携わっている弁護士団体が活動している。さらには、これらの団体及び国・地方公共団体との連携の要となる民間団体や、研究者、弁護士等の専門家が研究会や啓発活動等を行う民間団体の組織化が行われている状況にある。

In the context of bereaving families increasingly interacting with other people in overcoming grief in relation to death from overwork, private organizations in each region are developing the promotion of awareness and consultation services ,and legal organizations are engaging in providing advice to workers and families, including opening of a national hotline service in order to prevent death and injury from overwork.

Furthermore, private organizations that may underpin the work with these organizations, national government and local governments and private organizations have been organized by researchers, lawyers and other experts to promote study sessions and educational activities.

また、産業医の育成や研修等を通じて、過労死等の防止に向け活動している民間団体もある。

There are also private organizations working to prevent death and injury from overwork by nurturing industrial physicians and training, etc.

過労死等の防止のための対策が最大限その効果を発揮するためには、上記のような様々な主体が協力及び連携し、国民的な運動として取り組むことが必要である。

To ensure measures to prevent death and injury from overwork are substantive, the various entities mentioned above are necessary to cooperate with and partner each other while engaged in activities so that the initiative gains nationwide impetus.

このため、過労死等の防止のための活動を行う民間団体の活動を、国及び地方公共団体が支援するとともに、民間団体の活動内容等の周知を進める必要がある。

To this end, the national government and local governments are necessary to support the private-sector activities engaged in death and injury from overwork prevention programs and publicize the details, etc. of the private-sector activities.

第４　国が取り組む重点対策

Part 4 Priority Measures Taken by National Government

国が重点的に取り組まなければならない対策として、法第三章に規定されている調査研究等、啓発、相談体制の整備等、民間団体の活動に対する支援について、関係行政機関が緊密に連携して、以下のとおり取り組むものとする。

The national government focuses on and is to take measures to support private-sector activities, such as research and studies, public-enlightenment programs and establishment of consultation system, as prescribed in Chapter 3 of the Law, working closely alongside the relevant administrative organs.

併せて、国家公務員に係る対策も推進するとともに、地方公共団体に対し、地方公務員に係る対策の推進を働きかける。

At the same time, the national government promotes measures related to national public employees and encourages local governments to promote measures concerning local government employees.

なお、今後の調査研究の成果等を踏まえ、取り組むべき対策を検討し、それらを逐次反映していくこととする。

Based on the results, etc. of future research and studies, the national government will examine measures to be taken and reflect the results of the research and studies as needed.

１　調査研究等

1 Research and Studies

（１）過労死等事案の分析

(1) Analysis of cases of death and injury from overwork

過労死等の実態を多角的に把握するため、独立行政法人労働安全衛生総合研究所に設置されている過労死等調査研究センター等において、過労死等に係る労災認定事案、公務災害認定事案を集約し、その分析を行う。また、過重労働と関連すると思われる労働災害等の事案についても収集を進める。分析に当たっては、労災認定等の事案の多い職種・業種等の特性をはじめ、時間外・休日労働協定の締結及び運用状況、裁量労働制等労働時間制度の状況、労働時間の把握及び健康確保措置の状況、休暇・休息（睡眠）の取得の状況、出張（海外出張を含む。）の頻度等労働時間以外の業務の過重性、また、疾患等の発症後における各職場における事後対応等の状況の中から分析対象の事案資料より得られるものに留意する。精神障害や自殺事案の分析については、自殺予防総合対策センターとの連携を図る。また、労災請求等を行ったものの労災又は公務災害として認定されなかった事案についても、抽出して分析を行う。

To determine the actual situation of death and injury from overwork from various perspectives, the national government will have a Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders (RECORDs) established within the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan (JNIOSH) collect and analyze cases related to workers' compensation claims due to death and injury from overwork and cases recognized as work-related accidents or disease. The national government will also further collect incidents such as occupational accidents acknowledged as related to overwork. In the analysis, excesses of work other than working hours will be considered, including: the characteristics of occupations and industries, etc. with a high frequency of work-related compensation claims; the status of an Agreement on Overtime Work and Work on Days Off executed and operated; the status of the working hours system, including a discretionary labor system, etc.; the status of determining working hours and health maintenance measures; the status of acquiring leave/rest (sleep); and the frequency, etc. of business trips (including overseas). Also, attention will be focused on what is obtained from the case materials of analysis subjects, based on circumstances such as the post-response, etc. at each workplace after the disease, etc. To analyze mental disorders and suicide cases, cooperation with the Center for Suicide Prevention will be sought. Also, the national government will extract and analyze cases not accredited as work-related accidents or disasters, despite claims for workers' compensation, etc.

（２）疫学研究等

(2) Epidemiological research

過労死等のリスク要因とそれぞれの疾患、健康影響との関連性を明らかにするため、勤労者集団における個々の労働者の健康状態、生活習慣、勤務状況とその後の循環器疾患、精神疾患のほか、気管支喘息等のストレス関連疾患を含めた疾患の発症状況について長期的に追跡調査を進める。

To clarify the relationship between death and injury from overwork risk factors, individual diseases and health effects, the national government promotes follow-up studies in the long run regarding the health status of individual workers in the work group, lifestyle, work situation and subsequent cardiovascular diseases, mental illnesses and stress related diseases such as bronchial asthma.

職場環境改善対策について、過労死等の防止の効果を把握するため、事業場間の比較等により分析する。

Regarding measures to improve the workplace environment, the national government conducts and analyzes comparisons, etc. among workplaces to determine the effectiveness of death and injury from overwork prevention.

過労死等防止のためのより有効な健康管理の在り方の検討に用いることができるようにするため、これまで循環器疾患による死亡との関連性が指摘されている事項について、安全、かつ、簡便に検査する手法の研究を進めつつ、当該事項のデータの収集を行い、脳・心臓疾患との関係の分析を行う。

While safely and conveniently promoting research into methods where matters relevant to cardiovascular mortality have been highlighted, the national government collects data on the matters and analyzes how they relate to brain/heart diseases with the aim of using and examining them to find a more efficient means of health management and death and injury from overwork prevention.

（３）過労死等の労働・社会分野の調査・分析

(3) Survey and analysis of labor and social fields surrounding the issue of death and injury from overwork

過労死等の背景要因の分析、良好な職場環境を形成する要因に係る分析等を行うため、労働時間、労災・公務災害補償、自殺など、過労死等と関連性を有する統計について情報収集、分析等を行い、過労死等に関する基本的なデータの整備を図る。その際、それぞれの統計の調査対象、調査方法等により調査結果の数字に差異が生じることに留意するとともに、過労死等が「労働時間が平均的な労働者」ではなく、「長時間の労働を行っている労働者」に生じることにかんがみ、必要な再集計を行う等により、適切な分析を行う。また、諸外国の労働時間制度等の状況も踏まえて分析を行う。

To analyze the background factors of death and injury from overwork and clarify which elements form a good work environment, the national government will collect and analyze information on statistical factors relevant to death and injury from overwork, such as working hours, work-related accidents or disease compensation and suicide and endeavor to organize basic data on death and injury from overwork. At the time, the national government will note that the survey results may differ depending on the survey target of each statistic and the survey method, etc. Also, in light of the fact that death and injury from overwork occurs not in "those working average hours" but in "those working long hours," the national government will ensure appropriate analysis and recollect data if necessary. Also, there should be analysis on how systems, etc. of working hours are implemented in other countries.

これらにより得ることのできないデータ等については、企業、労働者等に対する実態調査を実施し、我が国における過労死等の全体像を明らかにする。

If the data, etc. is unavailable from the above survey, the national government will conduct actual surveys of companies and workers, etc. and determine the overall picture of death and injury from overwork in Japan.

これらの調査・分析結果を踏まえ、過重労働が多く発生し、重点的に調査を行う必要のある職種、業種等を検討し、その特性に応じた過労死等の背景要因について、さらに詳細な調査、分析を行う。その際、当該分野において過重労働を経験した労働者の意見等も踏まえて調査研究を行う。

Based on the results of these research and analysis, occupational types and industries etc., will be reviewed to identify those where excessive labor is common and needs an intensive research. More detailed research and analysis will be ensured given according to the characteristics of background factors surrounding the issue of death and injury from overwork. In so doing, the national government will conduct research and analysis based on opinions of workers having experienced overwork in the field.

（４）結果の発信

(4) Publishing the results

国及び過労死等調査研究センターにおいて、労災補償状況、公務災害認定状況、調査研究の成果その他の過労死等に関する情報をホームページへの掲載等により公表する。

The national government and the Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders (RECORDs) publish information on the status of workers' accident compensation cases, work-related accidents or disease authorized status, results of research and studies and other information related to death and injury from overwork using their websites, etc.

２　啓発

2 Public-enlightenment programs

（１）国民に向けた周知・啓発の実施

(1) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs for people

年間を通じて、インターネット、リーフレット、ポスター等、多様な媒体を活用し、国民一人ひとりが自身にも関わることとして過労死等及びその防止に対する関心と理解を深めるよう、ストレスに対処するための積極的な要因や職場環境も含め、広く周知・啓発を行う。また、遺族についても苦痛を抱えていることが多いため、精神保健福祉センター等と連携し、遺族に対する支援に関する啓発を行う。

Throughout the year, the national government engages widely in public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs, including positive factors to cope with stress and the workplace environment, utilizing various media such as the Internet, leaflets, posters, etc. so that all people may deepen their interest in and understanding of death and injury from overwork and measures to prevent it. In addition, given the suffering of bereaved families, the national government will cooperate with mental health welfare centers, etc. and provide a public-enlightenment program regarding support for the families.

特に、過労死等防止啓発月間においては、過労死等の防止のための活動を行う民間団体が取り組むシンポジウムを支援して開催する等により、集中的な周知・啓発を行う。

In particular, in the Enlightenment Month to Raise Awareness to Prevent Death and injury from overwork, the national government holds an intensive public awareness and public-enlightenment program by supporting symposiums organized by private organizations aiming to prevent death and injury from overwork.

さらに、安全衛生優良企業公表制度により、過重労働対策やメンタルヘルス対策に取り組んでいる企業が社会的に評価されるよう広く周知する。

Furthermore, the national government publicizes widely companies engaged in measures against excessive work and mental health issues so that society can acknowledge their value based on the System to the Public Announcement of Enterprises Committed to Excellent Occupational Safety and Health Practices.

（２）大学・高等学校等における労働条件に関する啓発の実施

(2) Public-enlightenment programs on working conditions at universities, high schools

中学校、高等学校等において、勤労の権利と義務、労働問題、労働条件の改善、仕事と生活の調和（ワークライフバランス）について理解を深める指導がしっかりと行われるよう、学習指導要領の趣旨の徹底を図る。また、その際、各学校の指導の充実を図るため、厚生労働省において作成した労働関係法令に関するハンドブックの活用や、都道府県労働局が行う労働関係法規等の授業の講師派遣について周知を行う。また、大学生、高校生等の若年者を主な対象とする労働条件に関するセミナーにおいて、過重労働による健康障害防止を含めた労働関係法令に関する知識について説明を行う。

The national government thoroughly enforces the purpose of the Course of Study to ensure proper teaching in junior high schools and high schools, etc. to deepen understanding of work rights and obligations, labor issues, improvement of working conditions and the work-life balance. To improve teaching at each school, the national government disseminates the handbooks on labor-related laws and regulations, etc. prepared by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare and the dispatch of lecturers by prefectural Labor Bureaus in classes to teach labor-related laws and regulations. Furthermore, in seminars on working conditions mainly targeting young people such as university and high school students, the national government ensures knowledge on labor-related laws including the prevention of health problems due to overwork also be delivered.

（３）長時間労働の削減のための周知・啓発の実施

(3) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs to reduce long working hours

過重労働、賃金不払残業の疑いがある企業等に対しては、労働基準監督署の体制を整備しつつ監督指導等を徹底する。過労死等を発生させた事業場に対しては、当該疾病の原因の究明、再発防止対策の徹底を指導する。

The national government strengthens the system of Labor Standards Inspection Offices, while taking strict measures to inspect companies, etc. suspected of overworking and nonpayment for overtime. The national government instructs workplaces having caused death and injury from overwork to investigate the cause and take all measures to prevent recurrence.

長時間労働の削減のためには労働時間の適正な把握が重要であることから、「労働時間の適正な把握のために使用者が講ずべき措置に関する基準」について周知・啓発を行う。

As it is crucial to accurately measure working time for long working hours to reduce, the national government disseminates further "standards concerning measures to be taken by the employer to determine working hours properly."

また、労働基準法第３６条第１項の規定に基づく協定（時間外・休日労働協定）については、労働者に周知させることを徹底するとともに、月４５時間を超える時間外労働や休日労働が可能である場合であっても、時間外労働協定における特別延長時間や実際の時間外・休日労働時間の縮減について啓発指導を行う。さらに、脳・心臓疾患に係る労災認定基準においては、週４０時間を超える時間外労働がおおむね４５時間を超えて長くなるほど、業務と発症との関連性が徐々に強まり、発症前１か月間におおむね１００時間又は発症前２か月間ないし６か月間にわたって１か月当たりおおむね８０時間を超える時間外労働が認められる場合は、業務と発症との関連性が強いと評価できるとされていることに留意するよう周知・啓発を行う。また、平成３２年までに週労働時間６０時間以上の雇用者の割合を５％以下とする目標を踏まえて、週労働時間が６０時間以上の労働者をなくすよう努めることや、長時間労働を削減するためには、労働時間等設定改善指針に規定された各取組を行うことが効果的であることについて、周知・啓発を行う。

The national government will also ensure that workers are made aware of agreements pursuant to the provision of Article 36, Paragraph (1) of the Labor Standards Act (Overtime Work and Work on Days Off Agreements). Even if overtime or work on days off is allowed for more than 45 hours a month, the national government will provide public-enlightenment programs and guidance on reducing extended working hours and actual hours of overtime and work on days off in the overtime work agreement. Furthermore, according to the standards of work-related compensation claims for brain/heart disease, improved publication awareness and public-enlightenment programs will be ensured when a significant association is recognized between work and overwork-related health disorders; specifically, when the relationship between work and occurrence gradually increases as the overtime exceeds 40 hours a week and extends beyond 45 hours a week, or overtime work exceeds approximately 100 hours per month before or 80 hours per month for 2 to 6 months before overwork-related health disorders develop. Also, based on the target set for a percentage of fewer than 5% of employees working for more than 60 hours per week by 2020, improved publication awareness and public-enlightenment programs will be ensured to reduce the number of workers working 60 hours or more per week to zero and ensure programs according to the measures stipulated in the Guidelines for Improvement of Labor Hours, etc. to reduce long working hours are effectively provided.

また、過半数労働組合がない事業場にあっては、使用者は過半数代表者と協定を結ぶこととされていることから、協定が適切に結ばれるよう、過半数代表者（過半数代表者に選出されうる労働者）に対しても、周知・啓発を行う。

Also, for workplaces where there is no majority labor union since the employer is supposed to make an agreement with the majority representative, to ensure agreement is appropriately concluded, public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs will be given to majority representatives (workers who may be elected to a majority representative).

さらに、調査研究により得られた知見を踏まえ、過労死等の発生に共通的に見られる要因やその効果的な防止方法等について周知・啓発を行う。

Furthermore, based on findings obtained from research and studies, factors commonly found when death and injury from overwork occurs and an effective method, etc. to prevent it will be provided to improve public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs.

（４）過重労働による健康障害の防止に関する周知・啓発の実施

(4) Publication awareness and public-enlightenment programs on how to prevent health problems due to overwork

時間外・休日労働時間の削減、労働者の健康管理に係る措置の徹底等、「過重労働による健康障害を防止するため事業者が講ずべき措置」について、行政体制を整備しつつ、事業者に広く周知・指導徹底を図る。その際、必要な睡眠時間を確保することの重要性や生活習慣病の予防など健康づくりに取り組むことの重要性についても、事業者、国民に広く周知・啓発を行う。

With regard to "measures to be taken by business operators to prevent health problems due to overwork," the national government disseminates the measures, while improving the administrative system, and extensively instructs business operators to refer to the measures, which includes reducing overtime and holiday work hours and establishing health management of workers. While disseminating the measures, the national government ensures further awareness-raising of the importance of sufficient sleep and preventing lifestyle diseases among business operators and people.

裁量労働制対象労働者や管理・監督者についても、事業者に健康確保の責務があることから、労働安全衛生法令に基づき、医師による面接指導等必要な措置を講じなければならないこと等について啓発指導を行う。

As workers and managers/administrators under the flexible working hour system also are responsible for ensuring the health of business operators, the national government raises awareness of the need, etc. to take measures, including face-to-face guidance, etc. by doctors, in accordance with the Industrial Safety and Health Act.

事業主、労務担当者等を対象として、過重労働防止対策に必要な知識を習得するためのセミナーを実施し、企業の自主的な改善を促進する。また、ポータルサイトを活用し、労働者、事業者等に広く周知・啓発を行う。

The national government holds seminars to inculcate the knowledge necessary to establish overwork prevention measures for person in control of business, labor personnel and promote voluntary improvement among business operators. Portals will also be utilized to promote public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs extensively to workers and business operators, etc.

（５）「働き方」の見直しに向けた企業への働きかけの実施及び年次有給休暇の取得促進

(5) Encouraging companies to review their "work approach" and promoting acquisition of annual paid leave

長時間労働の削減に向けた自主的な取組を促進するため、業界団体や地域の主要企業の経営陣に対して働き方改革の実施を働きかける。

To encourage voluntary efforts toward reducing long working hours, the national government encourages industry groups and the management of key regional companies to implement work-style reforms.

先進的な取組事例や、企業が働き方・休み方の現状と課題を自己評価できる「働き方・休み方改善指標」等について、ポータルサイトの運営による情報発信を行う。

The national government disseminates information by operating portals regarding advanced cases of initiatives and "guidelines to improve work and vacation styles" where companies can evaluate their own situation and issues of work and breaks as well as examples of leading efforts.

また、働き方改革に取り組む労使の意識高揚のため、シンポジウムを開催する。

The national government will also hold a symposium to raise awareness among workers for the labor and management engaged in work-style reforms.

一方、年次有給休暇の取得促進については、翌年度の年次有給休暇の計画づくりの時期である１０月を「年次有給休暇取得促進期間」とし、全国の労使団体や個別企業労使に対し、集中的な広報を実施する。

Regarding efforts to promote the acquisition of annual paid leave, the national government designates October for planning annual paid leave for the following fiscal year as a "Promotion Period for Acquiring Annual Paid Leave" and implements intensive public relations with labor-management groups and individual labor-management unions nationwide.

また、国、地方公共団体が協働し、地域のイベント等にあわせた計画的な年次有給休暇の取得を企業、住民等に働きかけ、地域の休暇取得促進の気運を醸成する。併せて、地方公共団体の自主的な取組を促進するため、地域の取組の好事例を地方公共団体に情報提供する等により、その水平展開を図る。

Also, the national government and local governments collaborate and encourage companies and residents to obtain planned annual paid leave tailored to local events and foster an environment to promote the acquisition of regional vacations. At the same time, to promote voluntary efforts of local governments, the national government endeavor to develop horizontally by providing information on good practices of regional efforts to local governments.

（６）メンタルヘルスケアに関する周知・啓発の実施

(6) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs on mental health care

職場におけるメンタルヘルス対策を推進するため、行政体制を整備しつつ、平成２７年１２月１日に施行される「ストレスチェック制度」及び「労働者の心の健康の保持増進のための指針」の普及啓発・指導徹底を図る。産業医等のいない規模の事業場に対しては、地域産業保健センターの利用を促進する等によりメンタルヘルスケアの促進を図る。また、産業保健スタッフ等の理解と適切な対応が肝要であることから、産業保健総合支援センター等において、メンタルヘルスに関する知識の付与と能力の向上等を目的とした研修を実施する。メンタルヘルス不調等の場合、職場の上司・同僚だけでなく、家族・友人等も不調のサインに気づき、必要に応じて専門家等につなげることが重要であることについて、メンタルヘルスに関する正しい知識の普及とともに広く周知・啓発を行う。

To promote mental health measures in the workplace, while developing an administrative system, the national government will take all measures to disseminate, improve awareness and provide guidance of the "Stress Check System" to be enforced on December 1, 2015 and "the Guidelines for Maintaining and Improving Workers' Mental Health." The national government will promote mental health care by encouraging the use of the Regional Occupational Health Center for business establishments without industrial physicians and others. Because of the importance of understanding and ensuring a proper response from occupational health staff, etc., the national government will provide training programs aimed at improving knowledge on mental health and improving ability at the Occupational Health Support Center, etc. In case of mental health dysfunction etc., the national government will promote measures to improve public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs widely, as well as disseminating correct knowledge on mental health; specifically, not only bosses and colleagues in the workplace but also families and friend will be aware of signs of illness and request advice and guidance from experts as required.

（７）職場のパワーハラスメントの予防・解決のための周知・啓発の実施

(7) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs to prevent and resolve workplace power harassment

職場のパワーハラスメントの予防・解決に向けた取組を進めるため、過労死等防止啓発月間を中心に、啓発用ホームページ、リーフレット、ポスター等、多様な媒体を活用した集中的な周知・啓発を行う。また、パワハラの予防から事後対応までをサポートする「パワハラ対策導入マニュアル」の周知・普及を図ることにより、労使、企業における取組を支援する。加えて、実効ある対策の推進のため、全国４７都道府県において、人事労務担当者向けのセミナーを実施する。

To promote efforts toward preventing and resolving workplace power harassment, the national government intensively disseminates and enlightens aspects of death and injury from overwork by utilizing diverse media such as homepages, leaflets, and posters mainly during the Enlightenment Month to Raise Awareness to Prevent Death and injury from overwork. The national government will also support efforts by labor and management by disseminating the "Introduction Manual of Measures against Power Harassment in the Workplace" that supports a scope from preventing so-called "power harassment" to the subsequent response. Also, to promote efficient measures, the national government holds seminars for those in charge of personnel and labor management in 47 prefectures nationwide.

さらに、職場のパワーハラスメントに関する実態調査を実施するとともに、更なる取組の促進策について検討を行う。

In addition, the national government also researches the actual situation on power harassment at the workplace and examines how best to promote further efforts.

（８）商慣行等も踏まえた取組の推進

(8) Promotion of measures based on business practices

長時間労働が生じている背景には、個々の事業主が労働時間短縮の措置を講じても、顧客や発注者からの発注等取引上の都合により、その措置が円滑に進まない等、様々な商慣行が存在する場合がある。このため、業種・業態の特性に応じて発注条件・発注内容の適正化を促進する等、取引関係者に対する啓発・働きかけを行う。

Against the background of long working hours impairing Japan, even if individual person in control of business takes measures to shorten them, various commercial practices, including the convenience of ordering, etc. from customers and orderers, may hinder the smooth implementation of the measures. For this reason, the national government will encourage awareness among business parties, including promoting the optimization of ordering conditions and contents according to the characteristics of business types and conditions.

さらに、調査研究の結果や取引関係者に対する啓発・働きかけの結果等を踏まえ、業種・業態の特性に応じて長時間労働等の原因となり得る商慣行等の改善に関する関係者に対する働きかけを行う。

Furthermore, based on the results of the research and studies, and the results of enlightenment/encouragement to business-related personnel, etc., the national government encourages stakeholders to improve business practices which may lead to long working hours, according to the characteristics of industry and business type.

（９）公務員に対する周知・啓発等の実施

(9) Public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs among government officials

国家公務員については、「超過勤務の縮減に関する指針」、「国家公務員の女性活躍とワークライフバランス推進のための取組指針」等に基づく超過勤務縮減に向けた取組を推進するとともに、そのための周知・啓発を行う。また、「職員の心の健康づくりのための指針」等の周知・啓発、管理監督者に対するメンタルヘルスに係る研修、ｅ－ラーニング教材を用いたメンタルヘルス講習、パワーハラスメント防止講習を行う。

Regarding national public employees, the national government promotes efforts to reduce overtime based on the "Guidelines concerning the Reduction in Overtime Work" and the "Guidelines for the Initiative to Promote Women's Activity and Work-life Balance of National Public Employees" while promoting public-awareness and public-enlightenment programs for that purpose. Also, the national government ensures promoted awareness and enlightenment such as the "Guidelines for the Mental Health Care of Employees," training related to mental health to managers and supervisors, mental health training using e-learning materials and lecture programs to prevent power harassment.

地方公務員については、地方公共団体に対し、過重労働・メンタルヘルス対策等の推進を働きかける。

Regarding local government employees, local governments are encouraged to take measures against overwork and for mental health.

３　相談体制の整備等

3 Establishment of a Consultation System

（１）労働条件や健康管理に関する相談窓口の設置

(1) Establishment of consultation service on working conditions and health management

労働条件や長時間労働・過重労働に関して、都道府県労働局、労働基準監督署等で相談を受け付けるほか、労働者等が相談できる電話相談窓口を設ける。また、メンタルヘルス不調、過重労働による健康障害等について、労働者等が相談できるよう、電話やメール等を活用した窓口を設ける等、相談体制の整備を図る。

Regarding working conditions and long working hours, prefectural Labor Bureaus and Labor Standards Inspection Offices provide face-to-face consultation service as well as telephone consultation service for workers, etc. Additionally, consultation service by telephone and email is to be established, as an improvement of the whole consultation system, for workers regarding mental and other health problems, etc. due to overwork.

健康管理に関しては、全国の産業保健総合支援センターにおいて、産業保健スタッフ、事業者等からの相談に対応するとともに、同センターの地域窓口において、産業保健スタッフ等がいない規模の事業場からの相談に対応できるよう体制の整備を図る。

Regarding health management, the national government endeavors to improve the system to respond to a consultation of occupational health staff and business operators, etc. at the nationwide Occupational Health and Welfare Support Center and at the regional counter of the center, to respond to a consultation from workplaces where occupational health staff, etc. are unavailable because of the size of the business.

また、ホームページ、リーフレット等を活用し、上記の窓口のほか、地方公共団体及び民間団体が設置する各種窓口の周知を図るとともに、相互に連携を図る。

As well as utilizing the website and leaflets, etc., the national government ensures they publicize services established by local governments and private organizations based on mutual cooperation.

（２）産業医等相談に応じる者に対する研修の実施

(2) Training for those engaged in counseling services, including industrial physicians, etc.

産業医等がメンタルヘルスに関して、適切に助言・指導できるようにするため、過重労働やメンタルヘルスに関する相談に応じる医師、保健師、産業保健スタッフ等に対する研修を実施する。

To ensure appropriate advice and guidance on mental health, etc. to be provided by industrial physicians and others, the national government will provide training programs for doctors, public health nurses, occupational health staff and others who respond to counseling on overwork and mental health.

さらに、医師、保健師、産業保健スタッフ等に対する研修のテキストを公開する等、地方公共団体や企業等が相談体制を整備しようとする場合に役立つノウハウの共有を図る。

Furthermore, by publishing texts of training for doctors, public health nurses and occupational health staff, etc., the national government endeavors to share useful know-how when local governments and companies, etc. seek to improve their consultation system.

働きやすくストレスの少ない職場環境の形成に資するため、産業医科大学や産業保健総合支援センター等を通じて、産業医をはじめとする産業保健スタッフ等の人材育成等について、体制も含めた充実・強化を図る。

To help establish a work environment conducive to work and one that is less stressful, the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan and Occupational Health and Welfare Support Centers, etc. play a role in enhancing and strengthening human resource development, as well as the system, such as occupational health staff, etc., including industrial physicians.

（３）労働衛生・人事労務関係者等に対する研修の実施

(3) Training for those concerned with occupational health and personnel labor management

産業保健総合支援センターにおいて、衛生管理者や、労働衛生コンサルタント、社会保険労務士等、労働衛生・人事労務に携わっている者を対象に、産業医等の活用方法に関する好事例や良好な職場環境を形成する要因等について研修を実施する。

The Occupational Health and Welfare Support Center will provide training on best practices related to methods of utilizing industrial physicians, etc. and other factors to establish a good work environment to those engaged in occupational health and personnel labor management, such as sanitation supervisors, occupational health consultants, and social insurance labor consultants, etc.

（４）公務員に対する相談体制の整備等

(4) Establishment of consultation system for government officials

国家公務員については、本人や職場の上司等が利用できる「こころの健康相談室」を開設するなど、相談体制の整備を図るとともに、相談しやすい職場環境の形成を図る。

The national government endeavors to prepare for the consultation system by establishing a "Counseling Offices for Mental Health Care" available to officials and their bosses, etc. at work. Also, the national government endeavors to create a comfortable work environment for national public employees.

地方公務員については、地方公共団体に対し、地方公務員等が利用できる相談窓口の整備等を働きかける。

Regarding local government employees, the national government encourages local governments to provide consultation services available to local government employees, etc.

４　民間団体の活動に対する支援

4 Support for Private-Sector Activities

（１）過労死等防止対策推進シンポジウムの開催

(1) Holding symposium to prevent death and injury from overwork

過労死等を防止することの重要性について関心と理解を深めるため、１１月の過労死等防止啓発月間等において、民間団体が取り組むシンポジウムを支援して開催する。

To deepen interest and understanding of the importance of preventing death and injury from overwork, the national government will hold a symposium undertaken by private organizations regarding the Enlightenment Month to Raise Awareness to Prevent Death and Injury from Overwork in November.

さらに、シンポジウム未開催の地域・ブロックにおいてもシンポジウムを開催し、今後おおむね３年を目途に、全ての都道府県で少なくとも毎年１回はシンポジウムが開催されるようにする。

In addition, the national government will hold symposiums in areas and blocks where they are not yet held and ensure they are held at least once a year in all prefectures for approximately 3 years from now.

（２）シンポジウム以外の活動に対する支援

(2) Support for activities other than symposiums

民間団体が過労死等防止のための研究会、イベント等を開催する場合、その内容に応じて、事前周知、後援等について支援する。

When private organizations hold research groups and events, etc. to prevent death and injury from overwork, the national government supports notification of the same in advance and sponsorship etc. according to the contents.

（３）民間団体の活動の周知

(3) Publication of private-sector activities

地方公共団体、労使、国民等が、民間団体が開設する窓口等を利用したり、協力を求めること等が円滑に行えるよう、民間団体の名称や活動内容等についてパンフレット等による周知を行う。

To ensure that local governments, labor and management, people, etc. may smoothly use the consultation service provided by private organizations and seek cooperation, the national government will publicize the names and program contents via pamphlets, etc.

第５　国以外の主体が取り組む重点対策

Part 5 Priority Measures Taken by Non-National Government Entities

地方公共団体、労使、民間団体、国民は、法の趣旨を踏まえ、国を含め相互に協力及び連携し、以下の視点から、過労死等の防止のための対策に取り組むものとする。

Local governments, labor and management, private organizations and people are to cooperate and collaborate, including the national government, based on the purpose of the law and from the following perspective and take measures to prevent death and injury from overwork.

１　地方公共団体

1 Local governments

地方公共団体は、国と協力しつつ、過労死等の防止のための対策を効果的に推進するよう努めなければならないとされている。

Local governments are required to endeavor to efficiently promote measures to prevent death and injury from overwork while cooperating with the national government.

このため、国が行う第４に掲げた対策に協力するとともに、第４に掲げた対策を参考に、地域の産業の特性等の実情に応じて取組を進めるよう努める。対策に取り組むに当たっては、国と連携して地域における各主体との協力・連携に努める。

For this reason, the entities cooperate with the national government's measures mentioned in Part 4 and strive to promote programs according to actual circumstances such as characteristics of local industries, referencing the measures listed in Part 4. In engaging in these measures, the entities work cooperatively with each regional entity and in cooperation with the national government.

また、地方公務員を任用する立場からの対策を推進し、それぞれの職種の職務の実態を踏まえた対策を講ずるよう努める。

Also, in promoting measures from the position of appointing local government employees, the entities endeavor to take the related steps, taking into consideration the actual circumstances of the duties of each job category.

（１）啓発

(1) Public-enlightenment programs

地方公共団体は、住民が過労死等に対する理解を深めるとともに、それを防止することの重要性について自覚し、これに対する関心と理解を深めるため、住民に対する啓発を行うよう努める。

Local governments endeavor to enlighten residents so that they may deepen their understanding of death and injury from overwork, be aware of the importance of preventing it and educate residents to increase their interest and knowledge about this.

若年者に対する労働条件に関する知識の付与については、国と協働して、大学等での啓発を行うとともに、中学校・高等学校等において、生徒に対して労働に関する指導の充実に努める。

With regard to enlightening young people with regard to working conditions, these entities in collaboration with the national government, endeavor to enlighten at universities, etc. and to enhance guidance on labor for students at junior and senior high schools, etc.

地域の産業構造や労働時間、年次有給休暇の取得率等の実態に合わせて、地域内の企業等に対し、過労死等の防止のための啓発を行うよう努める。

They endeavor to enlighten companies, etc. within the region to prevent overwork death and injury from overwork according to the actual circumstances of the local industrial structure, working hours and the acquisition rate, etc. of annual paid leave.

年次有給休暇の取得促進については、国、労使団体等と連携して、地域のイベント等にあわせた計画的な取得を企業、住民等に働きかけるとともに、地域全体における気運の醸成に努める。

Regarding efforts to promote the acquisition of annual paid leave, the entities, in collaboration with the national government and labor and management groups, encourage companies and residents to planned acquisition in accordance with local events and strive to foster the environment throughout the entire region.

また、過重労働による健康障害の防止、職場におけるメンタルヘルス対策、パワーハラスメントの予防については、国と協働して、周知・啓発を行うよう努める。

Also, in cooperation with the national government, the entities endeavor to improve awareness and enlighten parties of the need to prevent health problems caused by overwork, mental health measures at the workplace and preventing power harassment.

（２）相談体制の整備等

(2) Establishment of a consultation system

地方公共団体は、過労死等に関しても相談を受け付けることができる窓口を設置している場合には、国等が設置する窓口との連携に努める。

Local governments endeavor to collaborate with the offices established by the national government, etc. if they have established consultation desks for counseling on death and injury from overwork.

（３）民間団体の活動に対する支援

(3) Support for private-sector activities

地方公共団体は、民間団体が取り組むシンポジウムについて、協力・後援や事前周知等の支援を行うよう努める。

Local governments endeavor to support cooperation, sponsorship and publication, etc. in advance on symposiums held by private organizations.

２　事業主

2 Person in control of business

事業主は、国及び地方公共団体が実施する過労死等の防止のための対策に協力するよう努めるものとされている。また、労働契約法第５条では、使用者は、労働契約に伴い、労働者がその生命、身体等の安全を確保しつつ労働することができるよう、必要な配慮をするものとすると規定されており、労働安全衛生法第３条第１項では、事業者は、職場における労働者の安全と健康を確保するようにしなければならないと規定されている。

Person in control of business is required to endeavor to cooperate with measures to prevent death and injury from overwork worked on by the national government and local governments. The provisions of Article 5 of the Labor Contract Act stipulate that "an employer in association with a labor contract, must give the necessary consideration to allow a worker to work while securing the safety of their life, body and the life, etc.." The provisions of Article 3, paragraph (1) of the Industrial Safety and Health Act stipulate that "the employer must endeavor to ensure the safety and health of workers in workplaces."

このため、事業主は、国が行う第４に掲げた対策に協力するとともに、労働者を雇用する者として責任をもって過労死等の防止のための対策に取り組むよう努める。

For this reason, a person in control of business cooperates with the programs listed in Part 4 provided by the national government and endeavor to work on measures to prevent death and injury from overwork with responsibility as employer for the employee.

（１）経営幹部等の取組

(1) Efforts by senior executives

過労死等の防止のためには、最高責任者・経営幹部が事業主として過労死等は発生させないという決意を持って関与し、先頭に立って、働き方改革、年次有給休暇の取得促進、メンタルヘルス対策、パワーハラスメントの予防・解決に向けた取組等を推進するよう努める。

To prevent death and injury from overwork, the chief executive and executives in position as a person in control of business will be involved with the program with a determination of zero Karoshi, etc., taking the initiative in promoting measures such as work-style reforms, acquisition of annual paid leave, mental health measures and efforts, etc. to prevent /resolve power harassment.

また、事業主は、働き盛りの年齢層に加え、若い年齢層にも過労死等が発生していることを踏まえて、取組の推進に努める。さらに、過労死等が発生した場合には、原因の究明、再発防止対策の徹底に努める。

Also, person in control of business strives to promote the efforts based on the fact that death and injury from overwork even occurs among younger workers beyond the generation in the prime of life. In addition, when death and injury from overwork occurs, they strive to investigate the cause and take thorough measures to prevent recurrence.

（２）産業保健スタッフ等の活用

(2) Utilization of occupational health staff

事業主は、過労死等の防止のため、労働者が必要に応じて産業保健スタッフ、安全衛生スタッフ等に相談できるようにするなど、その専門的知見の活用を図るよう努める。

In order to prevent death and injury from overwork, person in control of business is to endeavor to allow workers to utilize the expert knowledge of occupational health staff, safety and health staff, and other relevant persons through actions such as consultation .

これらのスタッフが常駐する事業場では、相談や職場環境の改善の助言等、適切な役割を果たすよう事業主が環境整備を図るとともに、これらがいない規模の事業場では、産業保健総合支援センターを活用して体制の整備を図るよう努める。

At the workplace of these staff, person in control of business works to improve the environment to play an appropriate role, such as consultation and advice, etc. regarding improvements to the workplace environment. Conversely, at business sites too small to appoint the staff, employers strive to improve the service utilizing the Occupational Health and Welfare Support Center.

なお、産業保健スタッフ等は、過労死等に関する知見を深め、適切な相談対応等ができるようにすることが望まれる。

Occupational health staff, etc. are expected to deepen their knowledge on death and injury from overwork to provide appropriate consultation services.

３　労働組合等

3 Labor Unions

過労死等の防止のための対策は、職場においては第一義的に事業主が取り組むものであるが、労働組合においても、労使が協力した取組を行うよう努めるほか、組合員に対する周知・啓発や良好な職場の雰囲気作り等に取り組むよう努める。また、労働組合及び過半数代表者は、この大綱の趣旨を踏まえた協定又は決議を行うよう努める。

In the workplace, the person in control of business primarily address measures to prevent death and injury from overwork and the labor union also endeavors to work and encourages cooperation between labor and management, as well as publication awareness and public-enlightenment programs for members to improve the workplace environment. Also, a labor union and majority representatives will endeavor to make agreements or resolutions based on the purpose of the Outline.

４　民間団体

4 Private Organizations

民間団体は、国及び地方公共団体等の支援も得ながら、過労死等の防止のための対策に対する国民の関心と理解を深める取組、過労死等に関する相談の対応等に取り組むよう努める。他の主体との協力及び連携に留意するよう努める。

With the support of the national government and local governments etc., private organizations endeavor to deepen public interest and understanding of the measures to prevent death and injury from overwork and take measures to provide consultation service on death and injury from overwork. They also endeavor to focus on cooperating and collaborating with other entities.

５　国民

5 People

国民は、過労死等の防止のための対策の重要性を自覚し、これに対する関心と理解を深めるよう努めるものとされている。

People are required to endeavor to aware of the importance of measures to prevent death and injury from overwork and to deepen their interest and understanding.

このため、国民一人ひとりが自身の健康に自覚を持ち、過重労働による自らの不調や周りの者の不調に気づき、適切に対処することができるようにするなど、主体的に過労死等の防止のための対策に取り組むよう努める。

To this end, every people endeavors to have awareness of their health, recognize discomfort due to overwork and physical disorders of those surrounding them and treat the disorders appropriately, in a move to proactively prevent death and injury from overwork.

第６　推進上の留意事項

Part 6 Consideration in Promoting the Measures

１　推進状況のフォローアップ

1 Follow-up of Progress

関係行政機関は、毎年の対策の推進状況を過労死等防止対策推進協議会に報告するものとする。

The relevant administrative organs are to report the situation of promotion of annual measures to the Council for Promotion of Measures to Prevent Death and Injury from Overwork.

同協議会では報告内容を点検し、関係行政機関は点検の状況を踏まえ、その後の対策を推進するものとする。

The Council is to examine the content of the report and related administrative organs are to promote subsequent measures based on the status of the review.

２　対策の見直し

2 Review of Measures

法第１４条では「政府は、過労死等に関する調査研究等の結果を踏まえ、必要があると認めるときは、過労死等の防止のために必要な法制上又は財政上の措置その他の措置を講ずるものとする」と規定されていることから、調査研究等の結果を踏まえ、この大綱に規定されている対策について適宜見直すものとする。

As the provisions of Article 14 of the Act stipulate that "When finding it to be necessary to do so, the government is to take measures, such as legislative or fiscal measures, needed to prevent death and injury from overwork, based on the results of research, studies, and information management concerning death and injury from overwork" based on the results of the research and studies, the measures stipulated in this Outline are to be reviewed as appropriate.

３　大綱の見直し

3 Review of the Outline

社会経済情勢の変化、過労死等をめぐる諸情勢の変化、この大綱に基づく対策の推進状況等を踏まえ、また、法附則第２項に基づく検討の状況も踏まえ、おおむね３年を目途に必要があると認めるときに見直しを行う。

A review will be carried out as deemed necessary within the next 3 years or so to come, based on socio-economic changes, changes to various conditions surrounding death and injury from overwork., the progress, etc. of the measures based on the Outline, as well as their review status in accordance with provisions of paragraph (2) of the Supplementary Provisions.