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  <header creationtool="Japanese Law Translation by Ministry of Justice, Japan" creationtoolversion="2.0" segtype="sentence" o-tmf="TW4Win 2.0 Format" adminlang="en-US" srclang="ja-JP" creationdate="20250626T023746Z" creationid="jlt9249"></header>
  <body>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="1">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>科学技術・イノベーション基本法</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Basic Act on Science, Technology, and Innovation</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="2">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>平成七年法律第百三十号</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Act No. 130 of 1995</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="3">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>令和二年法律第六三号</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Act No. 63 of 2020</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="4">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>科学技術・イノベーション基本法（平成七年十一月十五日法律第百三十号）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Basic Act on Science, Technology, and Innovation (Act No. 130 of November 15, 1995)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="5">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>目次</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Table of Contents</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="6">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第一章　総則（第一条―第十一条）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Chapter I General Provisions (Articles 1 through 11)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="7">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第二章　科学技術・イノベーション基本計画（第十二条）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Chapter II Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan (Article 12)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="8">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第三章　研究開発の推進等（第十三条―第二十条）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Chapter III Promotion of Research and Development (Articles 13 through 20)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="9">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第四章　国際的な交流等の推進（第二十一条）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Chapter IV Promotion of International Exchange (Article 21)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="10">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第五章　科学技術に関する学習の振興等（第二十二条）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Chapter V Promotion of Scientific and Technological Learning (Article 22)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="11">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>附則</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Supplementary Provisions</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="12">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第一章　総則</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Chapter I General Provisions</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="13">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第一条　この法律は、科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関する施策の基本となる事項を定め、科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関する施策を総合的かつ計画的に推進することにより、我が国における科学技術の水準の向上及びイノベーションの創出の促進を図り、もって我が国の経済社会の発展と国民の福祉の向上に寄与するとともに世界の科学技術の進歩と人類社会の持続的な発展に貢献することを目的とする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 1 The purpose of this Act is to improve scientific and technological standards and promote the creation of innovation in Japan by establishing basic matters concerning policies for promoting science, technology, and the creation of innovation, and by comprehensively and systematically promoting such policies; thereby contributing to the development of Japan&#x27;s economy and society and the improvement of the welfare of its people, and playing a role in the global advancement of science and technology and the continued development of human society.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="14">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第二条　この法律において「イノベーションの創出」とは、科学的な発見又は発明、新商品又は新役務の開発その他の創造的活動を通じて新たな価値を生み出し、これを普及することにより、経済社会の大きな変化を創出することをいう。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 2 (1) The term &quot;creation of innovation&quot; as used in this Act means bringing about a major change in the economy and society by creating and disseminating new values through scientific discoveries or inventions, the development of new products or services, or other creative activities.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="15">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>２　この法律において「科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興」とは、科学技術の振興及び研究開発の成果の実用化によるイノベーションの創出の振興をいう。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(2) The term &quot;promotion of science, technology, and the creation of innovation&quot; as used in this Act means the promotion of science and technology, as well as the promotion of the creation of innovation through the practical application of the results of research and development.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="16">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>３　この法律において「研究開発」とは、基礎研究、応用研究及び開発研究をいい、技術の開発を含む。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(3) The term &quot;research and development&quot; as used in this Act means basic research, applied research, and developmental research, including the development of technology.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="17">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>４　この法律において「研究者等」とは、研究者及び技術者（研究開発の補助を行う人材を含む。）並びに研究開発又はその成果の普及若しくは実用化に係る運営及び管理に係る業務（専門的な知識及び能力を必要とするものに限る。）に従事する者をいう。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(4) The term &quot;researchers and other research-related personnel&quot; as used in this Act means researchers and technicians (including those who assist in research and development), as well as individuals engaged in the administration and management of research and development, or in the dissemination or practical application of its results (limited to those requiring specialized knowledge and skills).</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="18">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>５　この法律において「研究開発法人」とは、科学技術・イノベーション創出の活性化に関する法律（平成二十年法律第六十三号）第二条第九項に規定する研究開発法人をいう。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(5) The term &quot;research and development agencies&quot; as used in this Act means the research and development agencies prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (9) of the Act on Revitalization of Science, Technology, and the Creation of Innovation (Act No. 63 of 2008).</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="19">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>６　この法律において「大学等」とは、大学（大学院を含む。）及び大学共同利用機関をいう。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(6) The term &quot;universities and research institutes&quot; as used in this Act means universities (including graduate schools) and inter-university research institutes.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="20">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関する方針）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Policies for Promoting Science, Technology, and the Creation of Innovation)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="21">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第三条　科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興は、科学技術及びイノベーションの創出が我が国及び人類社会の将来の発展をもたらす源泉であり、科学技術に係る知識の集積が人類にとっての知的資産であることに鑑み、研究者等及び研究開発の成果を活用した新たな事業の創出を行う人材の創造性が十分に発揮されることを旨として、人間の生活、社会及び自然との調和を図りつつ、積極的に行われなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 3 (1) The promotion of science, technology, and the creation of innovation must be actively pursued in harmony with people&#x27;s lives, society, and nature. This pursuit should be based on the principle of tapping into the creativity of researchers and other research-related personnel and human resources who create new businesses utilizing research and development results. It should also take into consideration that science, technology, and the creation of innovation are sources that brings about the future development of Japan and human society, and that the accumulation of scientific and technological knowledge is an intellectual asset of humanity.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="22">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>２　科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に当たっては、広範な分野における各分野の特性を踏まえた均衡のとれた研究開発能力の涵養、学際的又は総合的な研究開発の推進、基礎研究、応用研究及び開発研究の調和のとれた発展、学術研究及び学術研究以外の研究の均衡のとれた推進並びに国の試験研究機関、研究開発法人、大学等、民間事業者その他の関係者の国内外にわたる有機的な連携について配慮されなければならず、また、自然科学と人文科学との相互の関わり合いが科学技術の進歩及びイノベーションの創出にとって重要であることに鑑み、両者の調和のとれた発展について留意されなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(2) When promoting science, technology, and the creation of innovation, consideration must be given to cultivating research and development capabilities across a wide range of fields, taking into account the characteristics of each field; promoting interdisciplinary and comprehensive research and development; balancing the development of basic research, applied research, and developmental research; promoting academic and non-academic research in a balanced manner; and fostering organic collaboration both within and outside Japan among national research organizations, research and development agencies, universities, research institutes, private businesses, and other relevant persons. Attention must also be given to balancing the development of the natural sciences and the humanities, as their interrelatedness is essential to scientific and technological progress and the creation of innovation.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="23">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>３　科学技術の振興は、科学技術がイノベーションの創出に寄与するという意義のみならず学術的価値の創出に寄与するという意義その他の多様な意義を持つことに留意するとともに、研究開発において公正性を確保する必要があることに留意して行われなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(3) The promotion of science and technology must be carried out with due consideration of the fact that science and technology are important not only because they contribute to creating innovation, but also because they contribute to developing academic values and various other related matters. It must also take into account the need to ensure fairness in research and development.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="24">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>４　イノベーションの創出の振興は、科学技術の振興によってもたらされる研究開発の成果がイノベーションの創出に最大限つながるよう、科学技術の振興との有機的な連携を図りつつ、行われなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(4) The promotion of the creation of innovation must be carried out in organic collaboration with the promotion of science and technology, so that the results of research and development generated through the promotion of science and technology lead to the creation of innovation to the greatest extent possible.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="25">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>５　科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興は、全ての国民が科学技術及びイノベーションの創出の恵沢をあまねく享受できる社会が実現されることを旨として、行われなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(5) The promotion of science, technology, and the creation of innovation must be carried out with the aim of realizing a society in which all citizens can broadly enjoy the benefits of science, technology, and the creation of innovation.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="26">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>６　科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に当たっては、あらゆる分野の科学技術に関する知見を総合的に活用して、次に掲げる課題その他の社会の諸課題への的確な対応が図られるよう留意されなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(6) To promote science, technology, and the creation of innovation, care must be taken to appropriately address the following challenges, as well as other social challenges, through the comprehensive utilization of scientific and technological knowledge across all fields:</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="27">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>一　少子高齢化、人口の減少、国境を越えた社会経済活動の進展への対応その他の我が国が直面する課題</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(i) challenges facing Japan, such as a declining birthrate and aging population, population decline, and the advancement of cross-border nature of socioeconomic activities;</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="28">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>二　食料問題、エネルギーの利用の制約、地球温暖化問題その他の人類共通の課題</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(ii) global challenges common to all humankind, such as food shortages, restrictions on energy use, and global warming; and</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="29">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>三　科学技術の活用により生ずる社会経済構造の変化に伴う雇用その他の分野における新たな課題</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(iii) new challenges in employment or other fields arising from changes in socioeconomic structures as a result of the use of science and technology.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="30">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第四条　国は、前条に規定する科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関する方針（次条から第七条までにおいて「振興方針」という。）にのっとり、科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関する総合的な施策を策定し、及びこれを実施する責務を有する。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 4 The national government is responsible for formulating and implementing comprehensive policies for promoting science, technology, and the creation of innovation in accordance with the policy for promoting science, technology, and the creation of innovation prescribed in the preceding Article (referred to as the &quot;promotion policy&quot; in the following Article through Article 7).</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="31">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（地方公共団体の責務）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Responsibilities of Local Governments)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="32">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第五条　地方公共団体は、振興方針にのっとり、科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関し、国の施策に準じた施策及びその地方公共団体の区域の特性を生かした自主的な施策を策定し、及びこれを実施する責務を有する。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 5 A local government is responsible for independently formulating and implementing policies for promoting science, technology, and the creation of innovation, in accordance with the promotion policy and the national government&#x27;s policies while taking into account the characteristics of its administrative area.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="33">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（研究開発法人及び大学等の責務）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Responsibilities of Research and Development Agencies, Universities, and Research Institutes)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="34">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第六条　研究開発法人及び大学等は、その活動が科学技術の水準の向上及びイノベーションの創出の促進に資するものであることに鑑み、振興方針にのっとり、科学技術の進展及び社会の要請に的確に対応しつつ、人材の育成並びに研究開発及びその成果の普及に自主的かつ計画的に努めるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 6 (1) A research and development agency, university, or research institute is to independently and systematically endeavor to develop human resources, conduct research and development, and disseminate the results, while appropriately responding to scientific and technological progress and societal demands, in accordance with the promotion policy and with due consideration for activities that contribute to improving scientific and technological standards and promoting the creation of innovation.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="35">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>２　研究開発法人及び大学等は、その活動において研究者等及び研究開発に係る支援を行う人材の果たす役割の重要性に鑑み、これらの者の職務及び職場環境がその重要性にふさわしい魅力あるものとなるよう、これらの者の適切な処遇の確保及び研究施設等（研究施設及び研究設備をいう。以下同じ。）の整備に努めるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(2) In view of the importance of the roles played by researchers and other research-related personnel, as well as by human resources who support research and development, a research and development agency, university, or research institute is to endeavor to ensure appropriate treatment of such persons and maintain research facilities and equipment (meaning research facilities and research equipment; the same applies below), in order to make their duties and working environment attractive and commensurate with the importance of their work.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="36">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（民間事業者の責務）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Responsibilities of Private Businesses)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="37">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第七条　民間事業者は、振興方針にのっとり、その事業活動に関し、研究開発法人及び大学等と積極的に連携し、研究開発及びその成果の実用化によるイノベーションの創出に努めるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 7 (1) A private business is to endeavor to conduct research and development and to create innovation through the practical application of research results, actively collaborating with research and development agencies, universities, and research institutes, as part of its business activities and in accordance with the promotion policy.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="38">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>２　民間事業者は、研究開発及びその成果の実用化によるイノベーションの創出において研究者等及び研究開発の成果を活用した新たな事業の創出を行う人材の果たす役割の重要性に鑑み、これらの者の活用に努めるとともに、これらの者の職務がその重要性にふさわしい魅力あるものとなるよう、これらの者の適切な処遇の確保に努めるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(2) In view of the important role played by researchers and other research-related personnel, as well as human resources who create new businesses by utilizing research and development and its results, and who create innovation through the practical application of those results, private businesses are to endeavor to make use of such individuals and to ensure their appropriate treatment, so that their duties and working environments are attractive and commensurate with the importance of their work.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="39">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（国及び地方公共団体の施策の策定等に当たっての配慮）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Policymaking Considerations for the National and Local Governments)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="40">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第八条　国及び地方公共団体は、科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関する施策を策定し、及びこれを実施するに当たっては、基礎研究が新しい現象の発見及び解明並びに独創的な新技術の創出等をもたらすものであること、その成果の見通しを当初から立てることが難しく、また、その成果が実用化に必ずしも結び付くものではないこと等の性質を有するものであることに鑑み、基礎研究の推進において国及び地方公共団体が果たす役割の重要性に配慮しなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 8 When formulating and implementing policies for promoting science, technology, and the creation of innovation, the national government and local governments must take into consideration the importance of the roles that both levels of government play in advancing basic research. They must also recognize that basic research leads to the discovery of new phenomena, breakthroughs in understanding them, and new and creative technological innovations, while keeping in mind that the outcomes of basic research are difficult to predict at the outset and do not always result in practical applications.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="41">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（大学等に係る施策における配慮）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Policy Considerations Concerning Universities and Research Institutes)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="42">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第九条　、科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関する施策で大学等に係るものを策定し、及びこれを実施するに当たっては、大学等における研究活動の活性化を図るよう努めるとともに、研究者等の自主性の尊重その他の大学等における研究の特性に配慮しなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 9 When formulating and implementing policies for promoting science, technology, and the creation of innovation involving universities and research institutes, the national government and local governments must respect the autonomy of researchers and other research-related personnel, take into account distinctive characteristics of research conducted at universities and research institutes, and endeavor to invigorate research activities at such institutions.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="43">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（法制上の措置等）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Legislative Measures)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="44">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第十条　政府は、科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関する施策を実施するため必要な法制上、財政上又は金融上の措置その他の措置を講じなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 10 The government must take the necessary legislative, fiscal, monetary, and other measures to implement policies that promote science, technology, and the creation of innovation.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="45">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第十一条　政府は、毎年、国会に、政府が科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関して講じた施策に関する報告書を提出しなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 11 Each year, the government must submit a written report to the National Diet on the policies it has adopted to promote science, technology, and the creation of innovation.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="46">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第二章　科学技術・イノベーション基本計画</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Chapter II Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic plan</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="47">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第十二条　政府は、科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関する施策の総合的かつ計画的な推進を図るため、科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関する基本的な計画（以下この条において「科学技術・イノベーション基本計画」という。）を策定しなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 12 (1) To comprehensively and systematically promote policies for promoting science, technology, and the creation of innovation, the government must formulate a basic plan for promoting science, technology, and the creation of innovation (referred to below as the &quot;Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan&quot; in this Article).</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="48">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>２　科学技術・イノベーション基本計画は、次に掲げる事項について定めるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(2) The Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan is to specify the following matters:</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="49">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>一　研究開発の推進に関する総合的な方針</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(i) a comprehensive policy for promoting research and development;</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="50">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>二　次に掲げる人材の確保、養成及び資質の向上並びにその適切な処遇の確保に関し、政府が総合的かつ計画的に講ずべき施策</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(ii) policies that the government should comprehensively and systematically implement in order to secure, train, and improve the qualifications of the following human resources, as well as to ensure their appropriate treatment:</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="51">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>イ　研究者等</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(a) researchers and other research-related personnel;</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="52">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>ロ　研究開発に係る支援を行う人材（イに該当するものを除く。）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(b) human resources who support research and development (excluding those falling under (a));</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="53">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>ハ　研究開発の成果を活用した新たな事業の創出を行う人材</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(c) human resources who create new businesses utilizing research and development results; and</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="54">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>ニ　研究開発の成果を活用した新たな事業の創出に係る支援を行う人材</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(d) human resources who support the creation of new businesses utilizing research and development results.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="55">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>三　研究施設等の整備、研究開発に係る情報化の促進その他の研究開発の推進のための環境の整備に関し、政府が総合的かつ計画的に講ずべき施策</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(iii) policies that the government should adopt comprehensively and systematically to maintain research facilities and equipment, promote informatization in research and development, and establish an environment conducive to the promotion of research and development;</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="56">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>四　研究開発の成果の実用化及びこれによるイノベーションの創出の促進を図るための環境の整備に関し、政府が総合的かつ計画的に講ずべき施策</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(iv) policies that the government should adopt comprehensively and systematically to establish an environment that facilitates the practical application of research and development results, thereby promoting the creation of innovation; and</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="57">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>五　その他科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関し必要な事項</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(v) other necessary matters concerning promoting science, technology, and the creation of innovation.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="58">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>３　政府は、科学技術・イノベーション基本計画を策定するに当たっては、あらかじめ、総合科学技術・イノベーション会議の議を経なければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(3) When formulating the Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan, the government must consult with the Council for Science, Technology and Innovation in advance.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="59">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>４　政府は、科学技術及びイノベーションの創出の進展の状況、政府が科学技術・イノベーション創出の振興に関して講じた施策の効果等を勘案して、適宜、科学技術・イノベーション基本計画に検討を加え、必要があると認めるときには、これを変更しなければならない。この場合においては、前項の規定を準用する。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(4) The government must review the Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan as appropriate, taking into consideration such factors as the progress in science, technology, and the creation of innovation, as well as the impact of policies it has adopted to promote them. If the government determines that revision is necessary, it is to revise the Plan accordingly; in such cases, the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="60">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>５　政府は、第一項の規定により科学技術・イノベーション基本計画を策定し、又は前項の規定によりこれを変更したときは、これを公表しなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(5) When the government has formulated the Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), or has changed it pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, it must make the Plan public.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="61">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>６　政府は、科学技術・イノベーション基本計画について、その実施に要する経費に関し必要な資金の確保を図るため、毎年度、国の財政の許す範囲内で、これを予算に計上する等その円滑な実施に必要な措置を講ずるよう努めなければならない。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(6) To secure the necessary funding for the costs required to implement the Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan, the government must endeavor to take necessary measures to ensure the smooth implementation of the Plan, such as allocating the necessary funding in the budget each fiscal year, to the extent permitted by the national finances.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="62">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第三章　研究開発の推進等</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Chapter III Promotion of Research and Development</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="63">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（多様な研究開発の均衡のとれた推進等）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Balanced Promotion of Diverse Research and Development)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="64">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第十三条　国は、広範な分野における各分野の特性を踏まえた多様な研究開発の均衡のとれた推進に必要な施策を講ずるとともに、国として特に振興を図るべき重要な科学技術の分野に関する研究開発の一層の推進を図るため、その企画、実施等に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 13 The national government is to adopt necessary policies for the balanced promotion of diverse research and development across a wide range of fields, taking into account the characteristics of each field. It is also to adopt necessary policies for such aspects as planning and implementation in order to conduct research and development in the important fields of science and technology, thereby further promoting them at the national level.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="65">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（研究者等の確保等）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Securing Researchers and Other Research-Related Personnel)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="66">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第十四条　国は、科学技術の進展等に対応した研究開発を推進するため、大学院における教育研究の充実その他の研究者等の確保、養成及び資質の向上に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 14 (1) The national government is to adopt necessary policies to enhance graduate education and research, and to secure, train, and improve the qualifications of researchers and other research-related personnel, in order to promote research and development that responds to scientific and technological progress.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="67">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>２　国は、研究者等の職務がその重要性にふさわしい魅力あるものとなるよう、研究者等の適切な処遇の確保に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(2) The national government is to adopt necessary policies to ensure appropriate treatment of researchers and other research-related personnel, in order to make their duties and working environment attractive and commensurate with the importance of their work.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="68">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>３　国は、研究開発の円滑な推進にとっては第十二条第二項第二号ロに掲げる人材が、研究開発の成果の実用化によるイノベーションの創出の推進にとっては同号ハ及びニに掲げる人材が、それぞれ不可欠であることに鑑み、これらの人材の確保、養成及び資質の向上並びにその適切な処遇の確保を図るため、前二項に規定する施策に準じて施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(3) In consideration of the fact that the human resources stated in Article 12, paragraph (2), item (ii), (b) are indispensable for the smooth promotion of research and development, and that the human resources stated in (c) and (d) of the same item are indispensable for promoting the creation of innovation through the practical application of research and development results, the national government is to adopt policies in accordance with those prescribed in the preceding two paragraphs to secure, train, and improve the qualifications of those human resources, and to ensure their appropriate treatment.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="69">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（研究施設等の整備等）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Maintenance of Research Facilities and Equipment)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="70">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第十五条　国は、科学技術の進展等に対応した研究開発を推進するため、研究開発機関（国の試験研究機関、研究開発法人、大学等及び民間事業者等における研究開発に係る機関をいう。次条及び第十七条において同じ。）の研究施設等の整備に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 15 (1) The national government is to adopt necessary policies to maintain research facilities and equipment at research and development institutes (meaning institutes engaged in research and development at national research organizations, research and development agencies, universities, research institutes, private businesses, and other relevant entities; the same applies in the following Article and in Article 17), in order to promote research and development that responds to scientific and technological progress.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="71">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>２　国は、研究開発の効果的かつ効率的な推進を図るため、研究材料の円滑な供給等研究開発に係る支援機能の充実に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(2) The national government is to adopt necessary policies to enhance research and development support functions, such as the smooth supply of materials used in research, in order to promote research and development effectively and efficiently.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="72">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（研究開発に係る情報化の促進）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Promoting Informatization in Research and Development)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="73">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第十六条　国は、研究開発の効果的かつ効率的な推進を図るため、科学技術に関する情報処理の高度化、科学技術に関するデータベースの充実、研究開発機関等の間の情報ネットワークの構築等研究開発に係る情報化の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 16 The national government is to adopt necessary policies to promote informatization in research and development, such as advancing scientific and technological information processing, enhancing scientific and technological databases, and building information networks among research and development institutes and other relevant entities, in order to effectively and efficiently promote research and development.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="74">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（研究開発に係る交流の促進）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Promoting Exchanges in Research and Development)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="75">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第十七条　国は、研究開発機関又は研究者等相互の間の交流により研究者等の多様な知識の融合等を図ることが新たな研究開発の進展をもたらす源泉となるものであり、また、その交流が研究開発の効果的かつ効率的な推進にとって不可欠なものであることに鑑み、研究者等の交流、研究開発機関による共同研究開発、研究開発機関の研究施設等の共同利用等研究開発に係る交流の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 17 The national government is to adopt necessary policies to promote exchanges in research and development—such as exchanges among researchers and other research-related personnel, joint research and development by research and development institutes, and the collaborative use of research and development institutes&#x27; research facilities and equipment—taking into consideration that integrating the diverse knowledge of researchers and other research-related personnel through reciprocal exchanges among research and development institutes and among researchers and other research-related personnel serves as a wellspring for new developments in research and development, and that such exchanges are indispensable for the effective and efficient promotion of research and development.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="76">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（研究開発に係る資金の効果的かつ効率的な使用）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Effective and Efficient Use of Research and Development Funds)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="77">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第十八条　国は、研究開発の円滑な推進を図るため、研究開発の展開に応じて研究開発に係る資金を効果的かつ効率的に使用できるようにする等その活用に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 18 The national government is to adopt necessary policies to allow for the effective and efficient utilization of research and development funds and for other related purposes, in accordance with the evolving nature of research and development, to ensure that such activities are conducted smoothly.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="78">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（研究開発の成果の活用等）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Utilization of Research and Development Results)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="79">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第十九条　国は、研究開発の成果の活用を図るため、研究開発の成果の適切な保護及び公開、研究開発に関する情報の提供等その普及に必要な施策並びにその適切な実用化及びこれによるイノベーションの創出の促進等に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 19 The national government is to adopt necessary policies to disseminate research and development results—such as by appropriately protecting and disclosing those results, and by providing related information—and is also to adopt necessary policies to promote their appropriate practical application and the creation of innovation through such application, in order to ensure their utilization.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="80">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>（民間事業者の努力の助長）</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>(Facilitating Private Business Efforts)</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="81">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第二十条　国は、我が国の科学技術活動及びイノベーションの創出に係る活動において民間事業者が果たす役割の重要性に鑑み、民間事業者の自主的な努力を助長することによりその研究開発及び研究開発の成果の実用化によるイノベーションの創出を促進するよう、必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 20 The national government is to adopt necessary policies to promote research and development and the creation of innovation through the practical application of research and development results by private businesses, by facilitating the independent efforts of private businesses, taking into consideration the important role they play in Japan&#x27;s scientific, technological, and innovation-related activities.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="82">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第四章　国際的な交流等の推進</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Chapter IV Promoting International Exchange</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="83">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第二十一条　国は、国際的な科学技術活動及びイノベーションの創出に係る活動を強力に展開することにより、我が国の国際社会における役割を積極的に果たすとともに、我が国における科学技術及びイノベーションの創出の一層の進展に資するため、研究者等の国際的交流、国際的な共同研究開発、科学技術に関する情報の国際的流通等科学技術及びイノベーションの創出に関する国際的な交流等の推進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 21 The national government is to adopt necessary policies to promote international exchange in science and technology and the creation of innovation. Such policies include facilitating international exchange among researchers and other research-related personnel, international joint research and development, and the international flow of scientific and technological information. These efforts aim to ensure that Japan plays an active role in the international community, contributes to further progress in science and technology, and fosters innovation in Japan by promoting international scientific, technological, and innovation-related activities.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="84">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第五章　科学技術に関する学習の振興等</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Chapter V Promotion of Scientific and Technological Learning</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="85">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第二十二条　国は、青少年をはじめ広く国民があらゆる機会を通じて科学技術に対する理解と関心を深めることができるよう、学校教育及び社会教育における科学技術に関する学習の振興並びに科学技術に関する啓発及び知識の普及に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 22 The national government is to adopt necessary policies to advance scientific and technological learning in school and social education and to disseminate scientific and technological awareness and knowledge, so that not only young people but all people are afforded every opportunity to deepen their understanding and interest in science and technology.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="86">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>附　則</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Supplementary Provisions</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="87">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>この法律は、公布の日から施行する。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>This Act comes into effect on the date of its promulgation.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="88">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>附　則〔平成十一年十二月二十二日法律第百六十号〕〔抄〕</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Supplementary Provisions [Act No. 160 of December 22, 1999] [Extract]</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="89">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第一条　この法律（第二条及び第三条を除く。）は、平成十三年一月六日から施行する。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 1 This Act (excluding Articles 2 and 3) comes into effect on January 6, 2001.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="90">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>附　則〔平成二十六年五月一日法律第三十一号〕〔抄〕</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Supplementary Provisions [Act No. 31 of May 1, 2014] [Extract]</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="91">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第一条　この法律は、公布の日から起算して一月を超えない範囲内において政令で定める日から施行する。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 1 This Act comes into effect on the date specified by Cabinet Order within a period not exceeding one month from the date of promulgation.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="92">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>附　則〔令和二年六月二十四日法律第六十三号〕〔抄〕</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Supplementary Provisions [Act No. 63 of June 24, 2020] [Extract]</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
    <tu creationdate="20250626T023746Z" tuid="93">
      <tuv xml:lang="ja-JP">
        <seg>第一条　この法律は、令和三年四月一日から施行する。ただし、次条及び附則第六条の規定は、公布の日から施行する。</seg>
      </tuv>
      <tuv xml:lang="en-US">
        <seg>Article 1 This Act comes into effect on April 1, 2021; provided, however, that the provisions of the following Article and Article 6 of the Supplementary Provisions come into effect on the date of promulgation.</seg>
      </tuv>
    </tu>
  </body>
</tmx>
