合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進に関する基本方針（平成二十九年五月二十三日農林水産省・経済産業省・国土交通省告示第一号）

Basic Policy for Promoting the Distribution and Use of Legally Harvested Wood and Wood Products (Public Notice of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism No.1 of May 23, 2017)

我が国又は外国における違法な森林の伐採（以下「違法伐採」という。）及び違法伐採に係る木材の流通は、地球温暖化の防止、自然環境の保全、林産物の供給等の森林の有する多面にわたる機能に影響を及ぼすおそれがあり、また、木材市場における公正な取引を害するおそれがあることから、我が国ではこれまで各般の違法伐採に対する取組を進めてきたところである。

Illegal harvesting of forests (hereinafter referred to as "illegal logging") in Japan or foreign nations and the distribution of wood associated with illegal logging may affect prevention of global warming, conservation of the natural environment, and the supply of forest products and other diverse functions of forests, and illegal logging may also impede fair transactions in the wood market; hence, Japan has been taking various measures against illegal logging.

平成十七年七月に英国で開催されたＧ８グレンイーグルズ・サミットでは、違法伐採に対する取組について、木材生産国及び消費国双方の行動が必要であるとされた。これを受けて、平成十八年に、国等による環境物品等の調達の推進等に関する法律（平成十二年法律第百号）に基づく環境物品等の調達の推進に関する基本方針（平成十三年三月九日環境省告示第十一号。以下「グリーン購入法基本方針」という。）を改定するとともに、木材・木材製品の供給者が合法性、持続可能性を適切に証明できるよう、「木材・木材製品の合法性、持続可能性の証明のためのガイドライン」（以下「ガイドライン」という。）を作成することにより、持続可能性が配慮され、及び合法性が証明された木材・木材製品を政府調達の対象としたところである。

The G8 Gleneagles summit held in the United Kingdom in July 2005 concluded that both wood-producing nations and consuming nations need to take actions against illegal logging. In response to this, in 2006 the Japanese government revised the Basic Policy on the Promotion of Procurement of Eco-Friendly Goods and Services (Public Notice of the Ministry of the Environment No.11 of March 9, 2001; hereinafter referred to as "Basic Policy for the Green Purchase Act") based on the Act on Promotion of Procurement of Eco-Friendly Goods and Services by the State and Other Entities (Act No.100 of 2000) and developed the Guideline for Verification on Legality and Sustainability of Wood and Wood Products (hereinafter referred to as "the Guideline") to allow suppliers of wood and wood products to properly verify the legality and sustainability of their supplies, so that wood and wood products whose legality has been verified and whose sustainability has been taken into consideration are required for government procurement.

今後、政府調達の対象物品を取り扱う事業者だけでなく、木材関連事業者（合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進に関する法律（以下「法」という。）第二条第三項に規定する木材関連事業者をいう。以下同じ。）が、合法伐採木材等（法第二条第二項に規定する合法伐採木材等をいう。以下同じ。）の利用を確保していくことにより、我が国の違法伐採に対する取組が自然環境の保全に配慮した木材産業の持続的かつ健全な発展を図り、もって地域及び地球の環境の保全に資するものとなるようにしていくことが必要である。

Going forward, not only entities handling articles eligible for government procurement, but also wood-related business entities (meaning the wood-related business entities set forth in Article 2, paragraph (3) of the Act on Promoting the Distribution and Use of Legally Harvested Wood and Wood Products (hereinafter referred to as "the Act"); the same applies hereinafter) need to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products (meaning the legally harvested wood and wood products set forth in Article 2, paragraph (2) of the Act; the same applies hereinafter) and promote sustainable and sound development of the wood industry with consideration for the conservation of the natural environment through Japan's measures against illegal logging, thereby contributing to the conservation of the local and global environment.

このため、合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用を総合的かつ計画的に推進するための基本方針として、以下のとおり必要な事項を定める。

Therefore, as a basic policy for promoting the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products in a comprehensive and systematic manner, necessary matters are specified as follows:

一　合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進の基本的方向

(i) Basic directions for promoting the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products

合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進を図るため、木材関連事業者は、自らが取り扱う木材等（法第二条第一項に規定する木材等をいう。以下同じ。）の原材料となっている樹木が我が国又は原産国の法令（我が国の法令にあっては、条例を含む。以下同じ。）に適合して伐採されたことの確認（以下「合法性の確認」という。）その他の合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置を講ずるよう努める。

In order to promote the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products, a wood-related business entity endeavors to confirm that the tree used as a raw material of wood and wood products (meaning the wood and wood products set forth in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act; the same applies hereinafter) handled by the business entity itself has been logged in accordance with the laws and regulations of Japan or the country of origin (including Prefectural or Municipal Ordinances in the case of Japanese laws and regulations; the same applies hereinafter) (hereinafter referred to as "Confirmation of Legality") and take other necessary measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products.

国は、合法性の確認に必要な情報提供等の体制整備を進め、合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置を適切かつ確実に講ずる多数の木材関連事業者について登録実施機関（法第八条に規定する登録実施機関をいう。以下同じ。）が行う登録が促進されるよう、合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用を促進する意義について国民の理解を深めるよう努める。

The State endeavors to develop a system for information provision, etc. necessary for Confirmation of Legality and enhance citizens' understanding on the significance of promoting the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products in order to facilitate registrations by Registering Organizations (meaning Registering Organizations set forth in Article 8 of the Act; the same applies hereinafter) with regard to many wood-related business entities that properly and reliably take measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products.

二　合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進のための措置に関する事項

(ii) Matters concerning measures to promote the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products

１　合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置の対象となる木材等

1. Wood and wood products subject to the measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products

合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置の対象となる木材等は、木材（一度使用され、又は使用されずに収集され、若しくは廃棄されたもの及びこれらを材料とするものを除く。以下同じ。）及び当該木材を加工し、又は主たる原料として製造した家具、紙等の物品とされている。

Wood and wood products subject to the measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products is wood (excluding that collected or disposed of after being used or without being used, and items made from the wood; the same applies hereinafter) and furniture, paper and other goods manufactured by processing the wood or using the wood as a main raw material.

木材には、次に掲げるものが該当する。

The following fall under wood:

（１）丸太

(1) Logs

（２）ひき板及び角材

(2) Sawn boards and square timber

（３）単板及び突き板

(3) Veneers

（４）合板、単板積層材及び集成材

(4) Plywood, laminated veneer lumbers, and laminated wood

（５）木質ペレット、チップ及び小片

(5) Wood pellets, woodchips and wood particles

なお、法の対象とする家具、紙等の物品については、グリーン購入法基本方針の特定調達品目（ガイドラインに基づく取組が調達の要件となっているものに限る。）を踏まえ、当該品目のサプライチェーンの実態、合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置の実施状況等を勘案し、合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進に関する法律施行規則（平成二十九年経済産業省令第一号。以下「規則」という。）第二条第一項に規定しているとおりである。

In accord with the designated procurement items of the Basic Policy for the Green Purchase Act (limited to items for which actions based on the Guideline are required for procurement), and by taking into consideration the actual conditions of the supply chain of the relevant items, the status of the implementation of measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products and other situations, the furniture, paper and other goods subject to the Act are as set forth in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Regulation for Enforcement of the Act on Promoting the Distribution and Use of Legally Harvested Wood and Wood Products (Order of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism No.1 of 2017; hereinafter referred to as "the Regulation").

法の対象とする木材等の範囲については、今後、法の施行の状況等を踏まえて見直すこととする。

The scope of wood and wood products subject to the Act will be reviewed in accord with the status of the implementation of the Act, etc.

２　木材関連事業者の範囲

2. Scope of wood-related business entities

木材関連事業者は、第一種木材関連事業（規則第一条第一号に規定する第一種木材関連事業をいう。以下同じ。）を行う者と第二種木材関連事業（規則第一条第二号に規定する第二種木材関連事業をいう。以下同じ。）を行う者に区分される。また、同一の木材関連事業者であっても、部門や業務により第一種木材関連事業を行う部門又は業務と第二種木材関連事業を行う部門又は業務に分かれる場合もある。この場合、それぞれの部門又は業務ごとに、第一種木材関連事業を行う者又は第二種木材関連事業を行う者として、合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置を実施することとなる。

Wood-related business entities are classified into Type I Wood-Related Business (meaning Type I Wood-Related Business set forth in Article 1, item (i) of the Regulation; the same applies hereinafter) and Type II Wood-Related Business (meaning Type II Wood-Related Business set forth in Article 1, item (ii) of the Regulation; the same applies hereinafter). A single wood-related business entity may have a department or operation engaged in Type I Wood-Related Business and a department or operation engaged in Type II Wood-Related Business, according to its department or operation. In this case, the entity, by each department or operation, takes measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products as an entity engaged in Type I Wood-Related Business or an entity engaged in Type II Wood-Related Business.

なお、樹木の所有者及び樹木を伐採する事業者は木材関連事業者ではないが、合法性の確認に必要な情報を有している者であることから、合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用を促進するために不可欠な者である。これらの者も、これまで、ガイドラインに基づく取組を進めてきたところであり、木材関連事業者は、当該取組も活用し、合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置に必要な情報の収集を行うことが必要である。

Owners of trees and entities logging trees are not wood-related business entities; however, these persons have necessary information for Confirmation of Legality and are essential to promote the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products. These persons have taken actions based on the Guideline, and wood-related business entities are required to utilize the relevant actions and collect information necessary for the measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products.

３　木材関連事業者が行う合法性の確認

3. Confirmation of legality by wood-related business entities

合法性の確認は、第一種木材関連事業において最初に行われることとなるため、合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用を促進する観点から、第一種木材関連事業における合法性の確認が特に重要となる。一方で、第二種木材関連事業においては、第一種木材関連事業において合法性の確認が行われた木材等を再確認することとなる。よって、両者における合法性の確認の方法は異なる。

Confirmation of legality is first conducted in Type I Wood-Related Business; hence, it is particularly important to conduct confirmation of legality in Type I Wood-Related Business in terms of promoting the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products. On the other hand in Type II Wood-Related Business, the wood and wood products whose confirmation of legality was conducted in Type I Wood-Related Business will be reconfirmed. Therefore, the methods for Confirmation of Legality differ between the two business types.

また、合法性の確認が木材関連事業者の過大な負担とならないよう、合法性の確認の信頼性及び簡明性を担保し、合法伐採木材等を適切なコストで容易に入手できる供給体制を整えていくことが重要である。

In order to avoid exposing wood-related business entities to excessive burden in conducting Confirmation of Legality, it is also important to assure the reliability and conciseness of conducting Confirmation of Legality and develop a supply system that allows wood-related business entities to easily obtain legally harvested wood and wood products at a reasonable cost.

なお、合法性の確認の信頼性及び簡明性の担保の一環として、木材関連事業者は、ガイドラインに基づく「森林認証制度及びＣｏＣ認証制度を活用した証明方法」、「森林・林業・木材産業関係団体の認定を得て事業者が行う証明方法」及び「個別企業等の独自の取組による証明方法」並びに都道府県等による森林、木材等の認証制度も合法性の確認に活用できることとする。

As part of the assurance of the reliability and conciseness of conducting Confirmation of Legality, wood-related business entities may conduct Confirmation of Legality by utilizing the "Verification Method Utilizing the Forest Certification System and the Chain of Custody Certification System", the "Verification Method Performed by Entities After Obtaining Authorization from Associations Related to Forest, Forestry and Wood Products Industries" and the "Verification Method Through Independent Initiatives by Individual Companies, etc." based on the Guideline, as well as certification systems for forest and wood and wood products established by prefectures, etc.

第一種木材関連事業における合法性の確認は、以下の手順により実施することとする。

Confirmation of Legality in Type I Wood-Related Business is to be conducted according to the following procedure:

（１）取り扱う木材等の原材料となっている樹木の樹種、伐採された国又は地域等の事項を記載した書類及び当該樹木が我が国又は原産国の法令に適合して伐採されたことを証明する書類の内容について、法第四条第二項の情報（以下「法令等情報」という。）等を踏まえ、確認を行うこと。

(1) Confirm the content of documents stating the species of the tree used as a raw material for the wood and wood products to be handled and the country or region where the tree was logged, etc. and documents evidencing that the relevant tree was logged in accordance with the laws and regulations of Japan or the country of origin, by taking into consideration the information set forth in Article 4, paragraph (2) of the Act (hereinafter referred to as "Information on Laws and Regulations, etc.").

（２）（１）により、取り扱う木材等について合法性の確認ができれば、当該木材等を合法伐採木材等として取り扱い、合法性の確認ができなければ、次のいずれかの措置を実施すること。

(2) When the legality of the wood and wood products to be handled was able to be confirmed pursuant to (1), handle the relevant wood and wood products as legally harvested wood and wood products; when the legality was unable to be confirmed, take any of the following measures:

イ　合法性の確認ができない木材等の原材料となっている樹木が我が国又は原産国の法令に適合して伐採されたことに係る追加情報を収集し、法令等情報等を踏まえ、当該情報の内容を確認すること。

(a) Collect additional information pertaining to the fact that the tree used as a raw material for the wood and wood products whose legality has been unable to be confirmed was logged in accordance with the laws and regulations of Japan or the country of origin, and confirm the content of that information, by taking into consideration Information on Laws and Regulations, etc.

ロ　合法性の確認ができない木材等を取り扱わないこと。

(b) Do not handle wood and wood products whose legality has not been confirmed.

木材関連事業者は、取り扱う木材等の合法性の確認ができた場合は、その旨を記載し、又は記録した書類を、当該木材等を譲り受ける者等に提供する。第二種木材関連事業における合法性の確認は、当該書類等の内容の確認により行うこととする。

When legality of the wood and wood products to be handled has been able to be confirmed, a wood-related business entity will provide a document that describes or records that effect to the person who receives the transfer of the relevant wood and wood products. Confirmation of Legality in Type II Wood-Related Business is to be conducted by confirming the content of the relevant document, etc.

４　国が行う合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進のための措置

4. Measures taken by the State to promote the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products

国は、木材関連事業者が行う合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置の実施を促進するため、次に掲げる措置を実施する。

The State takes the following measures to promote the implementation of measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products by wood-related business entities.

（１）木材関連事業者の登録の促進

(1) Promotion of registration of wood-related business entities

国は、登録実施機関を登録し、登録実施機関に対して命令その他の必要な措置を行う。また、木材関連事業者の登録実施機関への登録が促進されるよう、登録制度の周知、登録木材関連事業者（法第十三条に規定する登録木材関連事業者をいう。以下同じ。）による取組のうちその状況が優良なものの情報の収集及び公表を行うとともに、木材関連事業者のほか消費者まで幅広く情報の提供及び普及を行う。

The State will register Registering Organizations, issue orders to Registering Organizations, and take other necessary measures. Also, to promote the registration of wood-related business entities, the State will publicize the system pertaining to registration, collect and announce excellent practices by Registered Wood-Related Business Entities (meaning Registered Wood-Related Business Entities as prescribed in Article 13 of the Act; the same applies hereinafter), and widely provide and disseminate the information to wood-related business entities and even to consumers.

また、我が国の木材等の流通において合法性の確認を最初に行う第一種木材関連事業を行う者が登録を受け、合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置を適切かつ確実に講ずることが重要であることに鑑み、国及び関係団体において第一種木材関連事業を行う者の登録を促す取組を重点的に行う。

In light of the importance that persons engaged in Type I Wood-Related Business who conduct the first Confirmation of Legality in the distribution of wood and wood products in Japan are registered and properly and reliably take measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products, the State and relevant bodies will intensively carry out initiatives to promote the registration of persons engaged in Type I Wood-Related Business.

第一種木材関連事業を行う者が登録を受ける場合は、第一種木材関連事業に係る全ての事業部門、事務所、工場及び事業場並びに木材等の種類について、合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置を講ずることとする。

When a person engaged in Type I Wood-Related Business is registered, measures will be taken to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products with regard to all departments, offices, factories and workplaces as well as types of wood and wood products concerning the Type I Wood-Related Business.

また、国内外の木材等のサプライチェーンの複雑さを考慮すると、可能な限り多くの木材関連事業者が登録を受けることが望ましい。このため、木材等の購入先が多岐にわたる場合が多い第二種木材関連事業を行う者が登録を受ける場合は、第二種木材関連事業に係る部門、事務所、工場若しくは事業場又は木材等の種類ごとに合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置を講ずることを認めることにより、登録を促す。

Giving the complexity of the domestic and international supply chain of wood and wood products, it is preferable that as many wood-related business entities as possible are registered. Therefore, when a person engaged in Type II Wood-Related Business that typically has a wide range of suppliers of wood and wood products, they are encouraged to be registered by allowing them to take measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood produtcts by each department, office, factory or workplace or type of wood and wood products concerning the Type II Wood-Related Business.

登録実施機関は、国の定めるところにより、登録木材関連事業者から、少なくとも毎年一回報告を徴収するとともに、登録木材関連事業者が登録に係る事業の範囲において合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置を適切かつ確実に講じていること等について、確認の必要があると登録実施機関が認める場合には、質問その他の方法により調査を行うことを、登録木材関連事業者と取り決めることとする。

A Registering Organization, as specified by the State, collects reports from a Registered Wood-Related Business Entity at least once a year and makes an arrangement with the Registered Wood-Related Business Entity so that, if the Registering Organization finds it necessary to confirm the fact that the Registered Wood-Related Business Entity has properly and reliably taken measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products within the scope of the business concerning registration, the Registering Organization will conduct an investigation by interview or other means.

また、登録実施機関は、当該報告又は当該調査の結果、必要があると認められるときは、登録木材関連事業者に必要な措置を請求し、当該措置を請求してもなお登録木材関連事業者が合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置を適切かつ確実に講ずる者と認められない場合は、登録の取消しができる。

A Registering Organization also may, when finding it necessary as a result of the relevant report or investigation, make a request to the Registered Wood-Related Business Entity for taking necessary measures; and, its registration may be rescinded when the Registered Wood-Related Business Entity is found not to properly and reliably take measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products even after the relevant measures are requested.

（２）情報の提供等

(2) Information provision

国は、木材関連事業者が行う合法性の確認に必要な法令等情報を幅広く収集し、インターネット等の媒体を通じて提供する。法令等情報の収集及び提供を継続的に行うことにより、木材関連事業者による合法伐採木材等の利用を確保するための措置の深化及び効率化を図り、合法伐採木材等の量を増やしていく。

The State will widely collect Information on Laws and Regulations, etc. necessary for Confirmation of Legality conducted by wood-related business entities and provide the information through the Internet and other media. By continuously collecting and providing Information on Laws and Regulations, etc., the State will facilitate deepening and streamlining of the measures to ensure the use of legally harvested wood and wood products by wood-related business entities in order to increase the volume of legally harvested wood and wood products.

また、国は、合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用を促進するため必要があると認めるときは、木材関連事業者に対し、必要な指導及び助言を行い、法の施行に必要な限度において、報告徴収及び立入検査を行う。

Also, when finding it necessary for promoting the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products, the State will provide necessary guidance and advice to wood-related business entities, and collect reports and conduct on-site inspections to the extent necessary for the enforcement of the Act.

三　合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進の意義に関する知識の普及に係る事項

(iii) matters pertaining to dissemination of knowledge on the meaning of promoting the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products

合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進は、森林の有する国土の保全、水源の涵養、自然環境の保全、公衆の保健、地球温暖化の防止、林産物の供給等の多面にわたる機能が持続的に発揮され、もって地域及び地球の環境の保全に資するという意義を有する。

The promotion of the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products serves to sustainably fulfill the multifunctional roles of forests, such as conservation of national land, cultivation of water sources, conservation of natural environment, public health, prevention of global warming, and supply of forest products, thereby contributing to the conservation of the local and global environment.

これらの意義について、国は、木材関連事業者、関係団体等との連携協力の下、広く国民への普及及び啓発を図る。具体的には、セミナーの実施、パンフレットの配布、インターネット等の媒体を通じた情報の提供等を通じて、教育活動や広報活動等に取り組む。

The State will widely disseminate and promote these meanings to the citizens through coordination and cooperation with wood-related business entities, relevant bodies, etc. In particular, the State will engage in educational activities, publicity activities and other activities, by means such as holding seminars, distributing pamphlets, and providing information through the Internet and other media.

四　その他合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進に関する重要事項

(iv) other important matters concerning promotion of the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products

１　適切な連携

1. Appropriate cooperation

国は、合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進に当たっては、木材関連事業者や合法伐採木材等への需要の転換に寄与する活動を行う事業者、民間の団体、消費者等の幅広い関係者を集め、合法伐採木材等の利用促進に向けた普及啓発、合法伐採木材等の需給状況の把握、違法伐採の問題に関する意見交換等に取り組む。

When promoting the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products, the State assembles a wide range of relevant persons, such as wood-related business entities, entities carrying out business activities that contribute to a shift of demand to legally harvested wood and wood products, private organizations, and consumers, in order to improve public awareness concerning the promotion of the use of legally harvested wood and wood products, identify the supply-demand situation of legally harvested wood and wood products, exchange views on illegal logging problems, etc.

また、国は、国際熱帯木材機関を始めとする国際機関と連携して、木材生産国における森林に関連する法令の執行能力の向上に貢献するとともに、主要な木材生産国との間で、違法伐採の問題に関する情報交換及び意見交換を行う等、原産国における違法伐採の抑止のための国際的な連携の確保及び国際協力を進める。併せて、民間レベルにおいても、国内の関係団体と海外の関係団体との間において、合法伐採木材等の流通及び利用の促進に関する情報交換を推進する。

The State also will cooperate with the International Tropical Timber Organization and other international organs to contribute to improving the capability of enforcing laws and regulations related to forests in the wood-producing nations; furthermore, with activities such as exchanging views on the illegal logging problems with major wood-producing nations, the State will ensure international coordination and promote international cooperation to curtail illegal logging in wood-producing nations. In addition, for the private-sector, the State will encourage relevant domestic and international bodies to exchange information on the promotion of the distribution and use of legally harvested wood and wood products.

２　基本方針の見直し

2. Review of the Basic Policy

国は、法の施行後五年を目途として、法の施行の状況について検討を加え、その結果に基づいて必要な措置を講ずるものとされており、本基本方針についても、その結果に基づき必要な場合に見直しを行う。

Approximately five years after the Act comes into effect, the State examine the state of enforcement of the Act and take necessary measures based upon those results; this Basic Policy will also be reviewed based upon those results, where necessary.