相続等により取得した土地所有権の国庫への帰属に関する法律(令和三年法律第二十五号)
Act on Vesting of Land Ownership Acquired through Inheritance or Bequest in the National Treasury(Ministry of Justice Order No. 25 of 2021)
最終更新:
Last Version:
TOC
History
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February 8, 2023
- Last Version:
- Translated Date: August 30, 2022
- Dictionary Version: 15.0
相続等により取得した土地所有権の国庫への帰属に関する法律
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Act on Vesting of Land Ownership Acquired through Inheritance or Bequest in the National Treasury
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令和三年四月二十八日法律第二十五号
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Ministry of Justice Order No. 25 of April 28, 2021
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目次
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Table of Contents
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第一章 総則(第一条)
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Chapter I General Provisions(Article 1)
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第二章 相続等により取得した土地所有権の国庫への帰属の承認に係る手続(第二条―第十一条)
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Chapter II Procedures for Approval of Vesting of Land Ownership Acquired through Inheritance or Bequest in the National Treasury(Articles 2 to 11)
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第三章 国庫帰属地の管理(第十二条)
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Chapter III Management of Land Vested in the National Treasury(Article 12)
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第四章 雑則(第十三条―第十六条)
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Chapter IV Miscellaneous Provisions(Articles 13 to 16)
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第五章 罰則(第十七条)
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Chapter V Penal Provisions(Article 17)
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附 則
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Supplementary Provisions
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第一章 総則
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Chapter I General Provisions
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(目的)
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(Purpose)
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第一条この法律は、社会経済情勢の変化に伴い所有者不明土地(相当な努力を払ってもなおその所有者の全部又は一部を確知することができない土地をいう。)が増加していることに鑑み、相続又は遺贈(相続人に対する遺贈に限る。)(以下「相続等」という。)により土地の所有権又は共有持分を取得した者等がその土地の所有権を国庫に帰属させることができる制度を創設し、もって所有者不明土地の発生の抑制を図ることを目的とする。
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Article 1The purpose of this Act is, in view of the increase in the number of land where the ownership is unknown (meaning a parcel of land for which all or part of the owners cannot be ascertained even after making adequate efforts) due to changes in socioeconomic conditions, to establish a system whereby a person, etc. who has acquired ownership or co-ownership of land by inheritance or bequest (limited to testamentary gifts to heirs) (hereinafter referred to as "inheritance, etc.") may vest the ownership of the land in the national treasury, and thereby preventing the problem of unclaimed land.
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第二章 相続等により取得した土地所有権の国庫への帰属の承認に係る手続
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Chapter II Procedures for Approval of Vesting of Land Ownership Acquired through Inheritance or Bequest in the National Treasury
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(承認申請)
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(Application for Approval)
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第二条土地の所有者(相続等によりその土地の所有権の全部又は一部を取得した者に限る。)は、法務大臣に対し、その土地の所有権を国庫に帰属させることについての承認を申請することができる。
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Article 2(1)An owner of land (limited to one who has acquired all or part of the ownership of land by inheritance, etc.) may apply to the Minister of Justice for approval to vest the ownership of land in the national treasury.
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(2)If land is co-owned by several persons, an application for approval pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph (hereinafter referred to as "application for approval") may be made only when all of the co-owners make a joint application. In this case, notwithstanding the provisions of the same paragraph, even co-owners who have acquired all of their co-ownership interests by reasons other than inheritance, etc. may jointly make an application for approval with co-owners who have acquired all or part of their co-ownership share by inheritance, etc.
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一建物の存する土地
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(i)land on which a building exists;
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二担保権又は使用及び収益を目的とする権利が設定されている土地
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(ii)land on which a security right or a right to use and earn profit has been established;
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三通路その他の他人による使用が予定される土地として政令で定めるものが含まれる土地
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(iii)land that contains roads or other land specified by Cabinet Order as land that is planned to be used by others;
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四土壌汚染対策法(平成十四年法律第五十三号)第二条第一項に規定する特定有害物質(法務省令で定める基準を超えるものに限る。)により汚染されている土地
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(iv)land contaminated by designated hazardous substances as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act (Act No. 53 of 2002) (limited to those that exceed the standards specified by Ministry of Justice Order);
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五境界が明らかでない土地その他の所有権の存否、帰属又は範囲について争いがある土地
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(v)land with no clear boundary or other land for which there is a dispute as to the existence, vesting, or extent of ownership.
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(承認申請書等)
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(Written Application for Approval)
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第三条承認申請をする者(以下「承認申請者」という。)は、法務省令で定めるところにより、次に掲げる事項を記載した承認申請書及び法務省令で定める添付書類を法務大臣に提出しなければならない。
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Article 3(1)A person who makes an application for approval (hereinafter referred to as "applicant for approval") must submit to the Minister of Justice a written application for approval stating the following particulars and attaching documents specified by Ministry of Justice Order, pursuant to the provisions of Ministry of Justice Order.
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一承認申請者の氏名又は名称及び住所
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(i)name and address of the applicant for approval;
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二承認申請に係る土地の所在、地番、地目及び地積
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(ii)location, parcel number, category of land, and area of land of the parcel pertaining to the application for approval.
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(承認申請の却下)
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(Dismissal of Application for Approval)
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第四条法務大臣は、次に掲げる場合には、承認申請を却下しなければならない。
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Article 4(1)The Minister of Justice must dismiss an application for approval in the following cases:
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一承認申請が申請の権限を有しない者の申請によるとき。
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(i)when the application for approval is filed by a person who does not have the authority to file the application;
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二承認申請が第二条第三項又は前条の規定に違反するとき。
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(ii)when the application for approval violates the provisions of Article 2, paragraph (3) or those of the preceding Article;
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三承認申請者が、正当な理由がないのに、第六条の規定による調査に応じないとき。
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(iii)when the applicant for approval does not respond to the investigation pursuant to the provisions of Article 6 without justifiable grounds.
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(承認)
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(Approval)
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第五条法務大臣は、承認申請に係る土地が次の各号のいずれにも該当しないと認めるときは、その土地の所有権の国庫への帰属についての承認をしなければならない。
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Article 5(1)If the Minister of Justice finds that the land pertaining to an application for approval does not fall under any of the following items, the Minister must grant approval for the vesting ownership of the land in the national treasury:
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一崖(勾配、高さその他の事項について政令で定める基準に該当するものに限る。)がある土地のうち、その通常の管理に当たり過分の費用又は労力を要するもの
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(i)land with cliffs (limited to those that meet the standards specified by Cabinet Order with regard to slope, height, and other particulars) that requires excessive cost or labor for its normal management;
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二土地の通常の管理又は処分を阻害する工作物、車両又は樹木その他の有体物が地上に存する土地
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(ii)land where any structures, vehicles, trees, or other tangible objects that interfere with the normal management or disposition of the land exist on or above the ground;
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三除去しなければ土地の通常の管理又は処分をすることができない有体物が地下に存する土地
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(iii)land where tangible objects exist underground and are unable to be managed or disposed of unless they are removed;
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四隣接する土地の所有者その他の者との争訟によらなければ通常の管理又は処分をすることができない土地として政令で定めるもの
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(iv)land specified by Cabinet Order as land that cannot be ordinarily managed or disposed of without a litigation with the owner of the adjacent land or any other person;
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五前各号に掲げる土地のほか、通常の管理又は処分をするに当たり過分の費用又は労力を要する土地として政令で定めるもの
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(v)beyond the land listed in the preceding items, land specified by Cabinet Order as land that requires excessive expense or labor for ordinary management or disposition.
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(事実の調査)
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(Investigations of Facts)
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第六条法務大臣は、承認申請に係る審査のため必要があると認めるときは、その職員に事実の調査をさせることができる。
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Article 6(1)When finding it necessary for the examination of an application for approval, the Minister of Justice may have officials investigate the facts.
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(2)Officials who investigate the facts pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph may conduct an on-site investigation of the land pertaining to the application for approval or the land located in the surrounding area, hear from the applicant for approval and other persons about the facts known to them or request them to submit materials, and conduct other investigations necessary for the examination pertaining to the application for approval.
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(3)If found necessary, the Minister of Justice may have the officials enter the land of others when officials conduct an on-site investigation of land pertaining to an application for approval or land located in the surrounding area pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, within the extent necessary.
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(資料の提供要求等)
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(Request for Materials to be Submitted)
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第七条法務大臣は、前条第一項の事実の調査のため必要があると認めるときは、関係行政機関の長、関係地方公共団体の長、関係のある公私の団体その他の関係者に対し、資料の提供、説明、事実の調査の援助その他必要な協力を求めることができる。
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Article 7If the Minister of Justice finds it necessary for the investigation of facts under paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the Minister may request the heads of relevant administrative organs, the heads of relevant local governments, relevant public and private organizations, and other relevant persons, to provide materials, explanations, assistance on the investigation of the facts, and other necessary cooperation.
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(承認に関する意見聴取)
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(Hearing of Opinions Regarding Approval)
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第八条法務大臣は、第五条第一項の承認をするときは、あらかじめ、当該承認に係る土地の管理について、財務大臣及び農林水産大臣の意見を聴くものとする。ただし、承認申請に係る土地が主に農用地(農地法(昭和二十七年法律第二百二十九号)第二条第一項に規定する農地又は採草放牧地をいう。以下同じ。)又は森林(森林法(昭和二十六年法律第二百四十九号)第二条第一項に規定する森林をいう。以下同じ。)として利用されている土地ではないと明らかに認められるときは、この限りでない。
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Article 8If the Minister of Justice intends to grant the approval referred to in Article 5, paragraph (1), the Minister is to hear in advance the opinions of the Minister of Finance and the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries on the administration of the land pertaining to the approval;provided, however, that this will not apply when it is clearly found that the land pertaining to the application for approval is not mainly used as agricultural land (meaning cropland or pastureland prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Cropland Act (Act No. 229 of 1952); the same applies hereinafter) or a forest (meaning a forest prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Forest Act (Act No. 249 of 1951); the same applies hereinafter).
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(承認の通知等)
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(Notice of Approval)
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第九条法務大臣は、第五条第一項の承認をし、又はしないこととしたときは、法務省令で定めるところにより、その旨を承認申請者に通知しなければならない。
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Article 9Upon deciding to grant or not to grant the approval referred to in Article 5, paragraph (1), the Minister of Justice must notify the applicant for approval to that effect as prescribed by Ministry of Justice Order.
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(負担金の納付)
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(Payment of Dues)
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第十条承認申請者は、第五条第一項の承認があったときは、同項の承認に係る土地につき、国有地の種目ごとにその管理に要する十年分の標準的な費用の額を考慮して政令で定めるところにより算定した額の金銭(以下「負担金」という。)を納付しなければならない。
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Article 10(1)If the approval referred to in Article 5, paragraph (1) has been granted, the applicant for approval, for the land pertaining to the approval under the same paragraph, must pay the amount of money calculated pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Order for each category of national land, taking into consideration the standard cost required for ten years' management of the land (hereinafter referred to as a "dues").
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(3)If the applicant for approval fails to pay the dues in accordance with the procedures prescribed by Ministry of Justice Order within thirty days from the day on which the applicant for approval is notified of the amount of dues prescribed in the preceding paragraph, then the approval referred to in Article 5, paragraph (1) ceases to be effective.
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(国庫帰属の時期)
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(Timing of Vesting in the National Treasury)
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第十一条承認申請者が負担金を納付したときは、その納付の時において、第五条第一項の承認に係る土地の所有権は、国庫に帰属する。
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Article 11(1)Ownership of the land pertaining to the approval referred to in Article 5, paragraph (1) is vested in the national treasury at the time the applicant for approval pays the dues.
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(2)When the ownership of the land pertaining to the approval referred to in Article 5, paragraph (1) has been vested in the national treasury pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Minister of Justice must immediately notify the Minister of Finance (or the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries if the land is found to be used mainly as agricultural land or forest) to that effect.
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第三章 国庫帰属地の管理
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Chapter III Management of the Land Vested in the National Treasury
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(土地の管理の機関)
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(Land Management Organizations)
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第十二条前条第一項の規定により国庫に帰属した土地(以下「国庫帰属地」という。)のうち、主に農用地又は森林として利用されている土地(国有財産法(昭和二十三年法律第七十三号)第四条第二項に規定する国有財産の所管換がされたもの又は他の法令の規定により農林水産大臣が管理することとされているものを除く。)は、農林水産大臣が管理し、又は処分する。
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Article 12(1)Of the land that has been vested in the national treasury pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article (hereinafter referred to as "land vested in the national treasury"), land that is mainly used as agricultural land or forest (excluding land for which the administrative jurisdiction of the national government asset has been changed as provided in Article 4, paragraph (2) of the National Government Asset Act (Act No. 73 of 1948) or land which is to be managed by the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries pursuant to the provisions of other laws and regulations) is subject to the management or disposition by the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.
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2前項の規定により農林水産大臣が管理する土地のうち主に農用地として利用されているものの管理及び処分については、農地法第四十五条、第四十六条第一項、第四十七条及び第四十九条の規定を準用する。この場合において、同条第一項中「農林水産大臣、都道府県知事又は指定市町村の長」とあるのは「農林水産大臣」と、「この法律による買収その他の処分」とあるのは「相続等により取得した土地所有権の国庫への帰属に関する法律第十二条第二項において準用する第四十六条第一項の規定による売払い又は同法第十二条第二項において準用する第四十七条の規定による売払い、所管換若しくは所属替」と、同条第三項中「農林水産大臣、都道府県知事又は指定市町村の長」とあるのは「農林水産大臣」と、同条第五項中「国又は都道府県等」とあるのは「国」と、「場合には、政令で定めるところにより」とあるのは「場合には」と読み替えるものとする。
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(2)The provisions of Article 45, Article 46, paragraph (1), Article 47, and Article 49 of the Cropland Act apply mutatis mutandis to the management and disposition of land managed by the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph which is mainly used as agricultural land.In this case, the terms "The Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, the prefectural governor, or the mayor of the designated municipality" and "buying out or other dispositions under this Act" in paragraph (1) of the same Article are replaced with "The Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries" and "selling off under the provisions of Article 46, paragraph (1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 12, paragraph (2) of the Act on Vesting of Land Ownership Acquired through Inheritance or Bequest in the National Treasury, or selling off, change of administrative jurisdiction, or change of affiliation under the provisions of Article 47 as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 12, paragraph (2) of the same Act", respectively; the term "the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, the prefectural governor, or the mayor of the designated municipality" in paragraph (3) of the same Article is replaced with "the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries"; the terms "the national government or a prefecture, etc." and "If..., pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Order" in paragraph (5) of the same Article are replaced with "the State" and "If...".
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(3)The provisions of the main clause of Article 3, paragraph (1) of the Cropland Act do not apply to the transfer of ownership due to the selling off of agricultural land pursuant to the provisions of Article 46, paragraph (1) or Article 47 of the same Act as applied mutatis mutandis in the preceding paragraph.
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4第一項の規定により農林水産大臣が管理する土地のうち主に森林として利用されているものの管理及び処分については、国有林野の管理経営に関する法律(昭和二十六年法律第二百四十六号)第二章(第七条を除く。)の規定を準用する。
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(4)The provisions of Chapter II (excluding Article 7) of the Act Concerning Utilization of National Forest Land (Act No. 246 of 1951) apply mutatis mutandis to the management and disposition of land managed by the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries pursuant to the provisions of the paragraph (1) and mainly used as forests.
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第四章 雑則
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Chapter IV Miscellaneous Provisions
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(承認の取消し等)
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(Rescission of Approval)
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第十三条法務大臣は、承認申請者が偽りその他不正の手段により第五条第一項の承認を受けたことが判明したときは、同項の承認を取り消すことができる。
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Article 13(1)If it is found that an applicant for approval has obtained the approval referred to in Article 5, paragraph (1) by deception or other wrongful means, the Minister of Justice may rescind the approval that was granted under that paragraph.
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2法務大臣は、国庫帰属地について前項の規定による承認の取消しをするときは、あらかじめ、当該国庫帰属地を所管する各省各庁の長(当該土地が交換、売払い又は譲与(以下この項及び次項において「交換等」という。)により国有財産(国有財産法第二条第一項に規定する国有財産をいう。次項において同じ。)でなくなっているときは、当該交換等の処分をした各省各庁の長)の意見を聴くものとする。
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(2)If the Minister of Justice intends to rescind the approval pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph with regard to the land vested in the national treasury, the Minister is to hear in advance the opinions of the head of the ministry or agency having administrative jurisdiction over the land vested in the national treasury (or the head of the ministry or agency that has made the exchange, selling off or transfer (hereinafter referred to as "exchange, etc." in this and the following paragraph) if the land has ceased to be national government asset (meaning national government asset as defined in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the National Government Asset Act; the same applies in the following paragraph) due to an exchange, etc.).
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(3)If the Minister of Justice intends to rescind the approval pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), the Minister must obtain the consent of a person who has acquired ownership of the land vested in the national treasury pertaining to the rescission (including land that has ceased to be national government asset due to exchange, etc.; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) or a person who has obtained the establishment of any right other than ownership over the land vested in the national treasury.
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(損害賠償責任)
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(Liability for Damages)
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第十四条第五条第一項の承認に係る土地について当該承認の時において第二条第三項各号又は第五条第一項各号のいずれかに該当する事由があったことによって国に損害が生じた場合において、当該承認を受けた者が当該事由を知りながら告げずに同項の承認を受けた者であるときは、その者は、国に対してその損害を賠償する責任を負うものとする。
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Article 14In the event that the national government suffers any damage due to the grounds, at the time of the approval, falling under any of the items of Article 2, paragraph (3) or any of the items of Article 5, paragraph (1) with regard to the land pertaining to the approval referred to in Article 5, paragraph (1), and the person who obtained the approval had failed to report the grounds despite having knowledge thereof, the person is to be liable to compensate the national government for the damage.
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(権限の委任)
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(Delegation of Authority)
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第十五条この法律に規定する法務大臣の権限は、法務省令で定めるところにより、その一部を法務局又は地方法務局の長に委任することができる。
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Article 15(1)The authority of the Minister of Justice provided for in this Act may be delegated in part to the head of the legal affairs bureau or the district legal affairs bureau, as provided by Ministry of Justice Order.
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(2)The authority of the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries provided for in this Act may be delegated in whole or in part to the director general of the regional agricultural administration bureau or the director general of the forest management bureau, as provided by Order of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.
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(政令への委任)
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(Delegation to Cabinet Order)
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第十六条この法律に定めるもののほか、この法律の実施のために必要な手続その他の事項については、政令で定める。
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Article 16Beyond what is provided for in this Act, procedures and other particulars necessary for the implementation of this Act are specified by Cabinet Order.
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第五章 罰則
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Chapter V Penal Provisions
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第十七条第十二条第二項において読み替えて準用する農地法第四十九条第一項の規定による職員の調査、測量、除去又は移転を拒み、妨げ、又は忌避したときは、その違反行為をした者は、六月以下の懲役又は三十万円以下の罰金に処する。
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Article 17(1)If a person has refused, obstructed, or evaded the survey, measurement, removal, or relocation conducted by officials pursuant to the provisions of Article 49, paragraph (1) of the Cropland Act as applied mutatis mutandis in Article 12, paragraph (2) following the replacement of terms, the person who has committed the violation is punished by imprisonment for not more than six months or a fine of not more than three hundred thousand yen.
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(2)If a representative of a juridical person, or an agent, employee, or other worker of a juridical person or an individual has committed a violation set forth in the preceding paragraph in connection with the business or property of the juridical person or the individual, in addition to the offender being subject to punishment, the juridical person or the individual is subject to the fine referred to in the same paragraph.
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附 則
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Supplementary Provisions
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(施行期日)
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(Effective Date)
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1この法律は、公布の日から起算して二年を超えない範囲内において政令で定める日から施行する。
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(1)This Act comes into effect as of the day specified by Cabinet Order within a period not exceeding two years from the date of promulgation.
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(検討)
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(Review)
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2政府は、この法律の施行後五年を経過した場合において、この法律の施行の状況について検討を加え、必要があると認めるときは、その結果に基づいて必要な措置を講ずるものとする。
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(2)The government will review the status of the enforcement of the Act five years after the enforcement of this Act and, when deeming it necessary, take necessary measures based on the results.
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