著作権法(昭和四十五年法律第四十八号)
Copyright Act(Act No. 48 of 1970)
最終更新:平成十八年法律第百二十一号
Last Version: Act No. 121 of 2006
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History
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▶Main Provision
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▶Chapter IV Neighboring Rights
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January 19, 2023
- Last Version: Act No. 52 of 2021
- Translated Date: November 5, 2021
- Dictionary Version: 14.0
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September 19, 2019
- Last Version: Act No. 30 of 2018
- Translated Date: January 31, 2019
- Dictionary Version: 13.0
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July 14, 2015
- Last Version: Act No. 73 of 2009
- Translated Date: December 17, 2010
- Dictionary Version: 5.0
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September 8, 2011
- Last Version: Act No. 121 of 2006
- Translated Date: April 1, 2009
- Dictionary Version: 2.0
著作権法
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Copyright Act
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昭和四十五年五月六日法律第四十八号
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Act No. 48 of May 6, 1970
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第一章 総則
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Chapter I General Provisions
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第一節 通則
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Section 1 General Rules
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(目的)
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(Purpose)
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第一条この法律は、著作物並びに実演、レコード、放送及び有線放送に関し著作者の権利及びこれに隣接する権利を定め、これらの文化的所産の公正な利用に留意しつつ、著作者等の権利の保護を図り、もつて文化の発展に寄与することを目的とする。標準辞書では「有線放送」は従来の訳例に倣いwire diffusion と訳されているが、訳語としての分かりやすさの観点から、wire-broadcast(ing)と訳した。
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Article 1The purpose of this Act is to provide for, and to secure protection of, the rights of authors, etc. and the rights neighboring thereto with respect [copyrightable] works as well as performances, phonograms, broadcasts and wire-broadcasts, while giving due regard to the fair exploitation of these cultural products, and by doing so, to contribute to the development of culture.Despite the fact that "yusen hoso" is translated as "wire diffusion" in the Standard Bilingual Dictionary(March 2006 edition), for easier understanding we have translated it here as "wire-broadcast(ing)".
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(定義)
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(Definitions)
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第二条この法律において、次の各号に掲げる用語の意義は、当該各号に定めるところによる。
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Article 2(1)In this Act, the meanings of the terms listed in the following items shall be as prescribed respectively in those items:
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一著作物思想又は感情を創作的に表現したものであつて、文芸、学術、美術又は音楽の範囲に属するものをいう。
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(i)"work"means a production in which thoughts or sentiments are expressed in a creative way and which falls within the literary, scientific, artistic or musical domain;
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二著作者著作物を創作する者をいう。
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(ii)"author"means a person who creates the work;
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三実演著作物を、演劇的に演じ、舞い、演奏し、歌い、口演し、朗詠し、又はその他の方法により演ずること(これらに類する行為で、著作物を演じないが芸能的な性質を有するものを含む。)をいう。標準辞書では「芸能」はperforming artと訳されているが、ここでは文脈上、public entertainmentとした。
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(iii)"performance"means the [theatrical] acting, dancing, musical performances, singing, reciting, declaiming or performing in other ways of a work, including similar acts which do not involve the performance of a work but which have the nature of pubic entertainment;Despite the fact that "geino" is translated as "performing art" in the Standard Bilingual Dictionary (March 2006 edition), we believe that "public entertainment" is more appropriate in this context.
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四実演家俳優、舞踊家、演奏家、歌手その他実演を行なう者及び実演を指揮し、又は演出する者をいう。
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(iv)"performers"means actors, dancers, musicians, singers and persons who engage in other forms of performances, as well as those who conduct or direct performances;
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五レコード蓄音機用音盤、録音テープその他の物に音を固定したもの(音をもつぱら影像とともに再生することを目的とするものを除く。)をいう。
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(v)"phonograms"means fixations of sounds on phonographic discs, recording-tapes and other forms of tangible medium, excluding, however, those fixations [of sound] that are intended to be replayed exclusively with images;
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六レコード製作者レコードに固定されている音を最初に固定した者をいう。
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(vi)"producers of phonograms"means those who first fix the sounds contained in phonograms;
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七商業用レコード市販の目的をもつて製作されるレコードの複製物をいう。
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(vii)"commercial phonograms"means copies of phonograms made for the purpose of sale to the public;
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七の二公衆送信公衆によつて直接受信されることを目的として無線通信又は有線電気通信の送信(電気通信設備で、その一の部分の設置の場所が他の部分の設置の場所と同一の構内(その構内が二以上の者の占有に属している場合には、同一の者の占有に属する区域内)にあるものによる送信(プログラムの著作物の送信を除く。)を除く。)を行うことをいう。
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(vii)-2"public transmission"means the transmission, by wireless communications or wire-telecommunications, intended for direct reception by the public; excluding, however, transmissions (other than transmissions of a computer program work) by telecommunication facilities, one part of which is located on the same premises where all remaining parts are located or, if the premises are occupied by two or more persons, all parts of which are located within the area (within such premises) occupied by the same person(s);
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八放送公衆送信のうち、公衆によつて同一の内容の送信が同時に受信されることを目的として行う無線通信の送信をいう。
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(viii)"broadcast"means the form of public transmission involving a transmission transmitted by wireless communication intended for simultaneous reception of identical content by the public;
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九放送事業者放送を業として行なう者をいう。
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(ix)"broadcasting organizations"means persons who engage in the broadcasting business;In this context, "business" may be either for profit-making purposes or non-profit purposes.
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九の二有線放送公衆送信のうち、公衆によつて同一の内容の送信が同時に受信されることを目的として行う有線電気通信の送信をいう。
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(ix)-2"wire-broadcast"means the form of public transmission involving a transmission transmitted by wire-telecommunication intended for simultaneous reception of identical content by the public;
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九の三有線放送事業者有線放送を業として行う者をいう。
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(ix)-3"wire-broadcasting organizations"means persons who engage in the wire-broadcasting business;In this context, "business" may be either for profit-making purposes or non-profit purposes.
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九の四自動公衆送信公衆送信のうち、公衆からの求めに応じ自動的に行うもの(放送又は有線放送に該当するものを除く。)をいう。
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(ix)-4"automatic public transmission"means the form of public transmission which occurs automatically in response to a request from the public, excluding, however, public transmissions falling within the term "broadcast" or "wire-broadcast";
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九の五送信可能化次のいずれかに掲げる行為により自動公衆送信し得るようにすることをいう。
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(ix)-5"to make transmittable"means making an automatic public transmission possible by any of the acts set out below:
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イ公衆の用に供されている電気通信回線に接続している自動公衆送信装置(公衆の用に供する電気通信回線に接続することにより、その記録媒体のうち自動公衆送信の用に供する部分(以下この号において「公衆送信用記録媒体」という。)に記録され、又は当該装置に入力される情報を自動公衆送信する機能を有する装置をいう。以下同じ。)の公衆送信用記録媒体に情報を記録し、情報が記録された記録媒体を当該自動公衆送信装置の公衆送信用記録媒体として加え、若しくは情報が記録された記録媒体を当該自動公衆送信装置の公衆送信用記録媒体に変換し、又は当該自動公衆送信装置に情報を入力すること。
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(a)to record information on public transmission recording medium of an automatic public transmission server already connected with a telecommunications line that is provided for use by the public; to add to such an automatic public transmission server, as a public transmission recording medium thereof, a recording medium which stores information; to convert a recording medium that stores information into a public transmission recording medium of such an automatic public transmission server; or to input information into such an automatic public transmission server. For the purpose of this item (ix)-5, "automatic public transmission server" means a device which, when connected with a telecommunications line provided for use by the public, functions to perform automatic public transmission of information which is either recorded on the public transmission recording medium of the transmission recording medium of such device or is inputted into such automatic public transmission server; and in this item (ix)-5 and below, "public transmission recording medium" means such part of the recording medium of an automatic public transmission server as is provided for automatic public transmission use.
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ロその公衆送信用記録媒体に情報が記録され、又は当該自動公衆送信装置に情報が入力されている自動公衆送信装置について、公衆の用に供されている電気通信回線への接続(配線、自動公衆送信装置の始動、送受信用プログラムの起動その他の一連の行為により行われる場合には、当該一連の行為のうち最後のものをいう。)を行うこと。
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(b)to connect with a telecommunications line that is provided for use by the public, an automatic public transmission server the public transmission recording medium of which stores information or into which information has been inputted. For the purpose of this provision, if connection with a telecommunications line that is offered for use by the public is made through a series of acts, such as wiring, starting of the automatic public transmission server and putting into operation computer programs for transmission or reception the last to occur of such series of acts shall be considered to constitute the act of connection.
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十映画製作者映画の著作物の製作に発意と責任を有する者をいう。
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(x)"maker of a cinematographic work"means the person who takes the initiative in, and the responsibility for, the making of a cinematographic work;
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十の二プログラム電子計算機を機能させて一の結果を得ることができるようにこれに対する指令を組み合わせたものとして表現したものをいう。
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(x)-2"computer program"means an expression of a combination of instructions to cause a computer to function in order to be able to obtain a certain result;
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十の三データベース論文、数値、図形その他の情報の集合物であつて、それらの情報を電子計算機を用いて検索することができるように体系的に構成したものをいう。
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(x)-3"database"means a collection of information, such as dissertations, numerical values or diagrams, which is systematically organized so that such information can be searched by use of a computer;
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十一二次的著作物著作物を翻訳し、編曲し、若しくは変形し、又は脚色し、映画化し、その他翻案することにより創作した著作物をいう。
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(xi)"derivative work"means a work created by translating, arranging musically, or transforming, or dramatizing, cinematizing or otherwise adapting a pre-existing work;
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十二共同著作物二人以上の者が共同して創作した著作物であつて、その各人の寄与を分離して個別的に利用することができないものをいう。
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(xii)"work of joint authorship"means a work collaboratively created by two or more persons with respect to which the contribution of each person cannot be severed and separately exploited;
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十三録音音を物に固定し、又はその固定物を増製することをいう。
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(xiii)"sound recording"means the fixation of sound on an object and also the production of one or more copies of such fixation;
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十四録画影像を連続して物に固定し、又はその固定物を増製することをいう。
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(xiv)"visual recording"means the fixation of a sequence of images on an object and also the production of one or more copies of such fixation;
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十五複製印刷、写真、複写、録音、録画その他の方法により有形的に再製することをいい、次に掲げるものについては、それぞれ次に掲げる行為を含むものとする。
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(xv)"reproduction"means the reproduction in a tangible form by means of printing, photography, photocopy, sound or visual recording or other methods; and
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イ脚本その他これに類する演劇用の著作物当該著作物の上演、放送又は有線放送を録音し、又は録画すること。
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(a)in the case of [play/film] scripts and other similar dramatic works,"reproduction" includes sound and visual recording of the stage performances, broadcasts or wire-broadcasts of said works; and
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ロ建築の著作物建築に関する図面に従つて建築物を完成すること。
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(b)in the case of architectural works,"reproduction" includes the completion of building in accordance with the drawings therefor;
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十六上演演奏(歌唱を含む。以下同じ。)以外の方法により著作物を演ずることをいう。
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(xvi)"stage performance"means the performance of a work, excluding, however, musical performances ("musical performances" include singing; the same shall apply hereinafter);
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十七上映著作物(公衆送信されるものを除く。)を映写幕その他の物に映写することをいい、これに伴つて映画の著作物において固定されている音を再生することを含むものとする。
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(xvii)"screen presentation"means the projection of a work (other than a publicly transmitted work) on a screen or other object, and includes the replaying, in accompaniment with such projection, of sounds which have been fixed in a cinematographic work;
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十八口述朗読その他の方法により著作物を口頭で伝達すること(実演に該当するものを除く。)をいう。
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(xviii)"recitation"means oral communication by means of reading aloud or any other method, but excluding any oral communication falling within the term "performance";
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十九頒布有償であるか又は無償であるかを問わず、複製物を公衆に譲渡し、又は貸与することをいい、映画の著作物又は映画の著作物において複製されている著作物にあつては、これらの著作物を公衆に提示することを目的として当該映画の著作物の複製物を譲渡し、又は貸与することを含むものとする。
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(xix)"distribution"means the transfer or rental of reproductions of a work to the public, whether with or without charge, and in the case of cinematographic works or works reproduced therein, "distribution" includes the transfer of ownership or rental of, reproductions of a cinematographic work for the purpose of making such cinematographic work itself or the works reproduced therein, as the case may be, available to the public;
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二十技術的保護手段電子的方法、磁気的方法その他の人の知覚によつて認識することができない方法(次号において「電磁的方法」という。)により、第十七条第一項に規定する著作者人格権若しくは著作権又は第八十九条第一項に規定する実演家人格権若しくは同条第六項に規定する著作隣接権(以下この号において「著作権等」という。)を侵害する行為の防止又は抑止(著作権等を侵害する行為の結果に著しい障害を生じさせることによる当該行為の抑止をいう。第三十条第一項第二号において同じ。)をする手段(著作権等を有する者の意思に基づくことなく用いられているものを除く。)であつて、著作物、実演、レコード、放送又は有線放送(次号において「著作物等」という。)の利用(著作者又は実演家の同意を得ないで行つたとしたならば著作者人格権又は実演家人格権の侵害となるべき行為を含む。)に際しこれに用いられる機器が特定の反応をする信号を著作物、実演、レコード又は放送若しくは有線放送に係る音若しくは影像とともに記録媒体に記録し、又は送信する方式によるものをいう。
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(xx)"technological protection measures"means electronic, magnetic or other measures not discernible by human senses ([all of the aforementioned measures being collectively referred to] in the next item as "electromagnetic means") used to prevent or deter acts that would constitute infringements of the moral rights of author or copyrights as provided for in Article 17, paragraph (1) or the moral rights of performer as provided for in Articles 89, paragraph (1) or the neighboring rights as provided for in Article 89, paragraph (6) ([all of the aforementioned rights being] hereinafter in this item collectively referred to as "copyright, etc.") (excluding, however, measures used without the intent of the owner of copyright, etc.), through systems which, when works, performances, phonograms or, broadcasted or wire-broadcasted sounds or images are recorded on a recording medium or transmitted, also record or transmit signals that cause certain specific responses by machines that attempt to exploit such works, performances, phonograms, broadcasts or wire-broadcasts (in the next item collectively referred to as "works, etc."). In this item, "deter" means to deter such acts as would constitute infringements on copyright, etc. by causing extreme obstruction to the results of such acts; the same shall apply in Article 30, paragraph (1), item (ii). In this item, "exploit" includes acts which if done without the consent of the author or the performer would constitute an infringement of the moral rights of the author or the moral rights of the performer.
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二十一権利管理情報第十七条第一項に規定する著作者人格権若しくは著作権又は第八十九条第一項から第四項までの権利(以下この号において「著作権等」という。)に関する情報であつて、イからハまでのいずれかに該当するもののうち、電磁的方法により著作物、実演、レコード又は放送若しくは有線放送に係る音若しくは影像とともに記録媒体に記録され、又は送信されるもの(著作物等の利用状況の把握、著作物等の利用の許諾に係る事務処理その他の著作権等の管理(電子計算機によるものに限る。)に用いられていないものを除く。)をいう。
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(xxi)"rights management information"means information concerning the moral rights of author or copyrights (each provided for in Article 17, paragraph (1)) or the rights provided for in Article 89, paragraphs (1) to (4) ([all of the aforementioned rights being] hereinafter in this item collectively referred to as "copyright, etc."), which said information falls within any of (a), (b) or (c) below and which, together with works, performances, phonograms, or broadcasted or wire-broadcasted sounds or images, is recorded on a recording medium or transmitted by electromagnetic means; excluding, however, information not used for ascertaining a work, etc.'s exploitation, for the administrative handling of authorizations to exploit the work, etc. or for other matters pertaining to copyright, etc. management (in each case, only to the extent the same is done by computer):
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イ著作物等、著作権等を有する者その他政令で定める事項を特定する情報
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(a)information which identifies the work, etc., the owners of the copyright, etc. or such other information as specified by Cabinet Order;
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ロ著作物等の利用を許諾する場合の利用方法及び条件に関する情報
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(b)information regarding the manner of, and conditions for, the exploitation of the work, etc. where the exploitation of the work, etc. is authorized;
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ハ他の情報と照合することによりイ又はロに掲げる事項を特定することができることとなる情報
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(c)information which enables the identification of the matters mentioned in (a) or (b) above by comparison with other information.
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二十二国内この法律の施行地をいう。
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(xxii)"within this country"means the jurisdiction where this Act is effective.
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二十三国外この法律の施行地外の地域をいう。
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(xxiii)"outside this country"means outside the jurisdiction where this Act is effective.
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(7)In this Act, "stage performances," "musical performances" and "recitations" include the stage performances, musical performances or recitations of a work by way of the replaying of sound or visual recordings of the same (excluding, however, those constituting public transmissions and screen presentations) and the transmission of stage performances, musical performances or recitations of a work by means of telecommunications equipment (excluding, however, those constituting public transmissions).
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(著作物の発行)
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(Publication of a work)
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第三条著作物は、その性質に応じ公衆の要求を満たすことができる相当程度の部数の複製物が、第二十一条に規定する権利を有する者又はその許諾(第六十三条第一項の規定による利用の許諾をいう。第四条の二及び第六十三条を除き、以下この章及び次章において同じ。)を得た者若しくは第七十九条の出版権の設定を受けた者によつて作成され、頒布された場合(第二十六条、第二十六条の二第一項又は第二十六条の三に規定する権利を有する者の権利を害しない場合に限る。)において、発行されたものとする。
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Article 3(1)A work has been "published" when reproductions of it have been made and distributed, in reasonably sufficient quantities to meet the public demand therefor given the nature of the work, by a person entitled to the right provided for in Article 21 or with the authorization of such person ("authorization" means the authorization provided for under Article 63, paragraph (1) to exploit a work; the same shall apply in this Chapter and the Chapter below, with the exception of Article 4-2 and Article 63) or by a person in favor of whom the right of publication provided for in Article 79 has been established; provided, however that the foregoing shall not apply to situations where the making and distributing of reproductions harms the rights of a person entitled to a right provided for in Article 26 or Article 26-2, paragraph (1) or Article 26-3.
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(2)An original work shall be deemed to have been "published" when reproductions of its translation (a form of derivative works) have been made and distributed, in such quantities as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, by a person who, pursuant to Article 28, is entitled to the same right as that provided for in Article 21 or by a person with authorization from such a person; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply to situations where the making and distributing of reproductions harms the rights of a person who, pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, is entitled to the same right as one of those provided for in Article 26, Article 26-2, paragraph (1) or Article 26-3 pursuant to the provisions of Article 28.
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(3)A person who would be entitled to a right under either of the preceding two paragraphs if its work were protected under this Act, as well as a person with authorization from such a person to exploit such work, shall be considered to be a person entitled to such right or a person who with authorization from such a person (as the case may be), and the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall apply on that basis.
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(著作物の公表)
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(Making a work public)
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第四条著作物は、発行され、又は第二十二条から第二十五条までに規定する権利を有する者若しくはその許諾を得た者によつて上演、演奏、上映、公衆送信、口述若しくは展示の方法で公衆に提示された場合(建築の著作物にあつては、第二十一条に規定する権利を有する者又はその許諾を得た者によつて建設された場合を含む。)において、公表されたものとする。
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Article 4(1)A work has been "made public" when it has been published, or when, by means of stage performance, musical performance, screen presentation, public transmission, recitation or exhibition, it has been made available to the public [in either case,] by a person entitled to the rights provided for in Articles 22 to 25 or by a person with authorization from such a person. In the case of an architectural work, a work has been "made public" when it has been constructed by a person possessing the right provided for in Article 21 or by a person with authorization from such a person.
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(3)An original work shall be deemed to have been "made public" (a) when its translation (a form of derivative works) has been made available to the public, by a person who, pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, is entitled to the same rights as those provided for in Articles 22 to 24 or by a person with authorization from such a person, by means of its stage performance, musical performance, screen presentation, public transmission or recitation, or (b) when such translation has been made transmittable by a person who, pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, is entitled to the same rights as those provided for in Article 23, paragraph (1) or by a person with authorization from such a person.
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(5)A person who would be entitled to a right provided for in paragraphs (1) to (3) of this Article if his work were protected under this Act, as well as a person with authorization from such a person to exploit the work, shall be considered to be a person entitled to such right or a person with authorization from such a person (as the case may be), and the provisions of these paragraphs shall apply with respect to such persons.
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(レコードの発行)
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(Publication of phonograms)
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第四条の二レコードは、その性質に応じ公衆の要求を満たすことができる相当程度の部数の複製物が、第九十六条に規定する権利を有する者又はその許諾(第百三条において準用する第六十三条第一項の規定による利用の許諾をいう。第四章第二節及び第三節において同じ。)を得た者によつて作成され、頒布された場合(第九十七条の二第一項又は第九十七条の三第一項に規定する権利を有する者の権利を害しない場合に限る。)において、発行されたものとする。
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Article 4-2A phonogram has been "published" when reproductions of the phonogram have been made and distributed, in reasonably sufficient quantities to meet the public demand therefor given the nature of the phonogram, by a person who is entitled to the right provided for in Article 96 or with authorization from such a person; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply to situations where the making and distributing of reproductions harms the rights of a person entitled to a right provided for in Article 97-2, paragraph (1) or Article 97-3, paragraph (1). ("Authorization" means the authorization to exploit a phonogram under the provision of Article 63, paragraph (1), as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 103; the same shall apply in Chapter IV, Sections 2 and 3).
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(条約の効力)
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(Effect of international treaty)
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第五条著作者の権利及びこれに隣接する権利に関し条約に別段の定めがあるときは、その規定による。
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Article 5If an international treaty provides otherwise with respect to the rights of authors and the rights neighboring thereto, the provisions of such international treaty shall prevail.
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第二節 適用範囲
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Section 2 Scope of Application
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(保護を受ける著作物)
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(Protected works)
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第六条著作物は、次の各号のいずれかに該当するものに限り、この法律による保護を受ける。
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Article 6Only those works falling under one of the following items shall receive protection under this Act:
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一日本国民(わが国の法令に基づいて設立された法人及び国内に主たる事務所を有する法人を含む。以下同じ。)の著作物
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(i)works of Japanese nationals ("Japanese nationals" includes juridical persons established under the laws and regulations of Japan and those who have their principal offices in Japan; the same shall apply hereinafter);
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二最初に国内において発行された著作物(最初に国外において発行されたが、その発行の日から三十日以内に国内において発行されたものを含む。)
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(ii)works first published in this country, including those first published outside this country and thereafter published within this country within thirty days from the date from their first publication;
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三前二号に掲げるもののほか、条約によりわが国が保護の義務を負う著作物
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(iii)works in addition to those listed in the preceding two items, with respect to which Japan has the obligation to grant protection under an international treaty.
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(保護を受ける実演)
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(Protected performances)
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第七条実演は、次の各号のいずれかに該当するものに限り、この法律による保護を受ける。
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Article 7Only those performances falling under one of the following items shall receive protection under this Act:
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一国内において行なわれる実演
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(i)performances which take place within this country;
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二次条第一号又は第二号に掲げるレコードに固定された実演
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(ii)performances fixed in the phonograms listed in item (i) or (ii) of the next Article;
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三第九条第一号又は第二号に掲げる放送において送信される実演(実演家の承諾を得て送信前に録音され、又は録画されているものを除く。)
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(iii)performances transmitted through the broadcasts listed in Article 9, item (i) or (ii), excluding, however, those incorporated in sound or visual recordings before transmission with the consent of the performers concerned;
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四第九条の二各号に掲げる有線放送において送信される実演(実演家の承諾を得て送信前に録音され、又は録画されているものを除く。)
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(iv)performances transmitted through wire-broadcasts listed in either item of Article 9-2, excluding, however, those recorded in sound or visual recordings before transmission with the consent of the performers concerned;
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五前各号に掲げるもののほか、次のいずれかに掲げる実演
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(v)in addition to those listed in the preceding four items, any of the following performances:
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イ実演家、レコード製作者及び放送機関の保護に関する国際条約(以下「実演家等保護条約」という。)の締約国において行われる実演
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(a)performances which take place in a contracting party to the International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations (hereinafter referred to as "the Convention for the Protection of Performers, etc.");
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ロ次条第三号に掲げるレコードに固定された実演
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(b)performances fixed in phonograms listed in item (iii) of the next Article;
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ハ第九条第三号に掲げる放送において送信される実演(実演家の承諾を得て送信前に録音され、又は録画されているものを除く。)
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(c)performances transmitted through broadcasts listed in Article 9, item (iii), excluding, however, those recorded in sound or visual recordings before transmission with the consent of the performers concerned;
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六前各号に掲げるもののほか、次のいずれかに掲げる実演
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(vi)in addition to those listed in the preceding five items, any of the following performances:
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イ実演及びレコードに関する世界知的所有権機関条約(以下「実演・レコード条約」という。)の締約国において行われる実演
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(a)a performances which take place in a Contracting Party to the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (hereinafter referred to as "the WPPT");
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ロ次条第四号に掲げるレコードに固定された実演
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(b)performances fixed in the phonograms listed in item (iv) of the next Article;
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七前各号に掲げるもののほか、次のいずれかに掲げる実演
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(vii)in addition to those listed in the preceding six items, any of the following performances:
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イ世界貿易機関の加盟国において行われる実演
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(a)performances which take place in a member state of the World Trade Organization;
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ロ次条第五号に掲げるレコードに固定された実演
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(b)performances fixed in phonograms listed in item (v) of the next Article;
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ハ第九条第四号に掲げる放送において送信される実演(実演家の承諾を得て送信前に録音され、又は録画されているものを除く。)
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(c)performances transmitted through broadcasts listed in Article 9, item (iv), excluding those incorporated in sound or visual recordings before transmission with the consent of the performers concerned.
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(保護を受けるレコード)
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(Protected phonograms)
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第八条レコードは、次の各号のいずれかに該当するものに限り、この法律による保護を受ける。
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Article 8Only those phonograms falling under one of the following items shall receive protection under this Act:
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一日本国民をレコード製作者とするレコード
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(i)phonograms the producers of which are Japanese nationals;
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二レコードでこれに固定されている音が最初に国内において固定されたもの
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(ii)phonograms comprising sounds first fixed within this country;
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三前二号に掲げるもののほか、次のいずれかに掲げるレコード
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(iii)in addition to those listed in the preceding two items, any of the following phonograms:
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イ実演家等保護条約の締約国の国民(当該締約国の法令に基づいて設立された法人及び当該締約国に主たる事務所を有する法人を含む。以下同じ。)をレコード製作者とするレコード
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(a)phonograms the producers of which are nationals of any of the contracting parties to the Convention for the Protection of Performers, etc. ("nationals" includes juridical persons established under the laws and regulations of such contracting party and those who have their principal offices in such contracting party; the same shall apply hereinafter);
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ロレコードでこれに固定されている音が最初に実演家等保護条約の締約国において固定されたもの
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(b)phonograms comprising sounds first fixed in any of the contracting parties to the Convention for the Protection of Performers, etc.;
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四前三号に掲げるもののほか、次のいずれかに掲げるレコード
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(iv)in addition to those listed in the preceding three items, any of the following phonograms:
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イ実演・レコード条約の締約国の国民(当該締約国の法令に基づいて設立された法人及び当該締約国に主たる事務所を有する法人を含む。以下同じ。)をレコード製作者とするレコード
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(a)phonograms the producers of which are nationals of any of the contracting parties to the WPPT ("nationals" includes juridical persons established under the laws and regulations of such contracting party and those who have their principal offices in such contracting party; the same shall apply hereinafter);
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ロレコードでこれに固定されている音が最初に実演・レコード条約の締約国において固定されたもの
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(b)phonograms comprising sounds first fixed in any of the contracting parties to the WPPT;
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五前各号に掲げるもののほか、次のいずれかに掲げるレコード
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(v)in addition to those listed in the preceding four items, any of the following phonograms:
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イ世界貿易機関の加盟国の国民(当該加盟国の法令に基づいて設立された法人及び当該加盟国に主たる事務所を有する法人を含む。以下同じ。)をレコード製作者とするレコード
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(a)phonograms the producers of which are nationals of any of the member states of the World Trade Organization ("nationals" includes juridical persons established under the laws and regulations of such member state and those who have their principal offices in such member state; the same shall apply hereinafter.);
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ロレコードでこれに固定されている音が最初に世界貿易機関の加盟国において固定されたもの
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(b)phonograms comprising sounds first fixed in any of the member states of the World Trade Organization;
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六前各号に掲げるもののほか、許諾を得ないレコードの複製からのレコード製作者の保護に関する条約(第百二十一条の二第二号において「レコード保護条約」という。)により我が国が保護の義務を負うレコード
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(vi)in addition to those listed in the preceding five items, phonograms which Japan has an obligation to protect under Article 121-2, item (ii) of the Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms (referred to as "the Phonograms Convention").
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(保護を受ける放送)
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(Protected broadcasts)
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第九条放送は、次の各号のいずれかに該当するものに限り、この法律による保護を受ける。
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Article 9Only those broadcasts falling under one of the following items shall receive protection under this Act:
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一日本国民である放送事業者の放送
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(i)broadcasts transmitted by broadcasting organizations of Japanese nationality;
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二国内にある放送設備から行なわれる放送
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(ii)broadcasts transmitted from broadcasting facilities located within this country;
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三前二号に掲げるもののほか、次のいずれかに掲げる放送
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(iii)in addition to those listed in the preceding two items, any of the following broadcasts:
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イ実演家等保護条約の締約国の国民である放送事業者の放送
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(a)broadcasts transmitted by broadcasting organizations which are nationals of any of the contracting parties to the Convention for the Protection of Performers, etc.;
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ロ実演家等保護条約の締約国にある放送設備から行われる放送
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(b)broadcasts transmitted from broadcasting facilities located within any of the contracting parties of the Convention for the Protection of Performers, etc.;
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四前三号に掲げるもののほか、次のいずれかに掲げる放送
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(iv)in addition to those listed in the preceding three items, any of the following broadcasts:
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イ世界貿易機関の加盟国の国民である放送事業者の放送
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(a)broadcasts transmitted by broadcasting organizations which are nationals of any of the member states of the World Trade Organization;
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ロ世界貿易機関の加盟国にある放送設備から行われる放送
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(b)broadcasts transmitted from broadcasting facilities located within any of the member states of the World Trade Organization.
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(保護を受ける有線放送)
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(Protected wire-broadcasts)
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第九条の二有線放送は、次の各号のいずれかに該当するものに限り、この法律による保護を受ける。
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Article 9-2Only those wire-broadcasts falling under one of the following items shall receive protection under this Act:
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一日本国民である有線放送事業者の有線放送(放送を受信して行うものを除く。次号において同じ。)
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(i)wire-broadcasts transmitted by wire-broadcasting organizations of Japanese nationality (excluding, however, those wire-broadcasts having the same contents as a received broadcast; the same shall apply in the next item);
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二国内にある有線放送設備から行われる有線放送
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(ii)wire-broadcasts transmitted from wire-broadcasting facilities located within this country.
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第二章 著作者の権利
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Chapter II Rights of Author
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第一節 著作物
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Section 1 Works
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(著作物の例示)
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(Illustrations of works)
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第十条この法律にいう著作物を例示すると、おおむね次のとおりである。
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Article 10(1)As used in this Act, examples of "works" include, in particular, the following:
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一小説、脚本、論文、講演その他の言語の著作物
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(i)novels, [play/film] scripts, dissertations, lectures and other literary works;
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二音楽の著作物
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(ii)musical works;
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三舞踊又は無言劇の著作物
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(iii)choreographic works and pantomimes;
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四絵画、版画、彫刻その他の美術の著作物
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(iv)paintings, engravings, sculptures and other artistic works;
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五建築の著作物
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(v)architectural works;
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六地図又は学術的な性質を有する図面、図表、模型その他の図形の著作物
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(vi)maps as well as diagrammatical works of a scientific nature, such as drawings, charts, and models;
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七映画の著作物
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(vii)cinematographic works;
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八写真の著作物
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(viii)photographic works;
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九プログラムの著作物
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(ix)computer program works.
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(3)The protection granted by this Act to works provided in paragraph (1), item (ix) shall not extend to any computer programming language, rule or algorithm used for creating such work.For the purpose of this provision, the following terms shall have the meanings hereby assigned to them, respectively, in each of the items below:
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一プログラム言語プログラムを表現する手段としての文字その他の記号及びその体系をいう。
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(i)"computer programming language"means letters and other symbols, as well as the systems for their use, as a means of expressing a computer program;
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二規約特定のプログラムにおける前号のプログラム言語の用法についての特別の約束をいう。
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(ii)"[computer programming] rule"means a special rule with respect to how to use a particular computer program's computer programming language (as defined in the preceding item);
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三解法プログラムにおける電子計算機に対する指令の組合せの方法をいう。
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(iii)"[computer programming] algorithm"means the method of combining, in a computer program, the instructions given to a computer.
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(二次的著作物)
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(Derivative works)
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第十一条二次的著作物に対するこの法律による保護は、その原著作物の著作者の権利に影響を及ぼさない。
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Article 11The protection granted by this Act to derivative works shall not affect the rights of an author to the original work.
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(編集著作物)
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(Compilations)
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第十二条編集物(データベースに該当するものを除く。以下同じ。)でその素材の選択又は配列によつて創作性を有するものは、著作物として保護する。
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Article 12(1)Compilations (not falling within the term "databases"; the same shall apply hereinafter) which, by reason of the selection or arrangement of their contents, constitute intellectual creations shall be protected as independent works.
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(データベースの著作物)
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(Database works)
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第十二条の二データベースでその情報の選択又は体系的な構成によつて創作性を有するものは、著作物として保護する。
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Article 12-2(1)Databases which, by reason of the selection or systematic construction of information contained therein, constitute intellectual creations shall be protected as independent works.
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(権利の目的とならない著作物)
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(Works not protected)
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第十三条次の各号のいずれかに該当する著作物は、この章の規定による権利の目的となることができない。
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Article 13A work falling under any of the following items apply shall not constitute the subject of the rights granted by the provisions of this Chapter:
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一憲法その他の法令
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(i)the Constitution and other laws and regulations;
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(ii)public notices, instructions, circular notices and the like issued by organs of the State or local public entities, incorporated administrative agencies ("incorporated administrative agencies" means those provided for in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act on General Rules for Incorporated Administrative Agency (Act No. 103 of 1999); the same shall apply hereinafter) or local incorporated administrative agencies ("local incorporated administrative agencies" means those provided for in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Local Incorporated Administrative Agencies (Act No. 118 of 2003); the same shall apply hereinafter);
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三裁判所の判決、決定、命令及び審判並びに行政庁の裁決及び決定で裁判に準ずる手続により行われるもの
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(iii)judgments, decisions, orders and decrees of courts, as well as rulings and judgments made by government agencies in proceedings of a quasi-judicial nature;
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四前三号に掲げるものの翻訳物及び編集物で、国若しくは地方公共団体の機関、独立行政法人又は地方独立行政法人が作成するもの
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(iv)translations and compilations prepared by organs of the State or local public entities, incorporated administrative agencies or local incorporated administrative agencies of [any of] the materials listed in the preceding three items.
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第二節 著作者
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Section 2 Authors
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(著作者の推定)
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(Presumption of authorship)
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第十四条著作物の原作品に、又は著作物の公衆への提供若しくは提示の際に、その氏名若しくは名称(以下「実名」という。)又はその雅号、筆名、略称その他実名に代えて用いられるもの(以下「変名」という。)として周知のものが著作者名として通常の方法により表示されている者は、その著作物の著作者と推定する。
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Article 14A person whose name or appellation (hereinafter referred to as "true name"), or whose widely known pen name, abbreviation or other substitute for his true name (hereinafter referred to as "pseudonym"), is indicated as the name of the author in the customary manner on the original of his work or when his work is offered to or made available to the public, shall be presumed to be the author of such work.
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(職務上作成する著作物の著作者)
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(Authorship of a work made by an employee in the course of his duties)
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第十五条法人その他使用者(以下この条において「法人等」という。)の発意に基づきその法人等の業務に従事する者が職務上作成する著作物(プログラムの著作物を除く。)で、その法人等が自己の著作の名義の下に公表するものの著作者は、その作成の時における契約、勤務規則その他に別段の定めがない限り、その法人等とする。
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Article 15(1)The authorship of a work (except a computer program work) which, on the initiative of a juridical person or other employer (hereinafter in this Article referred to as "juridical person, etc."), is made by an employee in the course of the performance of his duties in connection with the juridical person, etc.'s business and is made public by such juridical person, etc. as a work under its own name, shall be attributed to such juridical person, etc., unless otherwise stipulated by contract, work regulations or the like at the time of the making of the work.
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(2)The authorship of a computer program work which, on the initiative of a juridical person, etc. is made by an employee in the course of his duties in connection with the juridical person, etc.'s business, shall be attributed to such juridical person, etc., unless otherwise stipulated by contract, work regulations or the like at the time of the making of the work.
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(映画の著作物の著作者)
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(Authorship of cinematographic work)
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第十六条映画の著作物の著作者は、その映画の著作物において翻案され、又は複製された小説、脚本、音楽その他の著作物の著作者を除き、制作、監督、演出、撮影、美術等を担当してその映画の著作物の全体的形成に創作的に寄与した者とする。ただし、前条の規定の適用がある場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 16The authorship of a cinematographic work shall be attributed to those who, by taking charge of producing, directing, filming, art direction, etc., have creatively contributed to the creation of such cinematographic work as a whole, excluding, however, authors of novels, [play/film] scripts, music or other works adapted or reproduced in such cinematographic work; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply where the provisions of the preceding Article are applicable.
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第三節 権利の内容
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Section 3 Contents of Rights
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第一款 総則
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Subsection 1 General Provisions
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(著作者の権利)
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(Rights of author)
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第十七条著作者は、次条第一項、第十九条第一項及び第二十条第一項に規定する権利(以下「著作者人格権」という。)並びに第二十一条から第二十八条までに規定する権利(以下「著作権」という。)を享有する。
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Article 17(1)An author shall enjoy the rights provided for in paragraph (1) of the next Article, Article 19, paragraph (1) and Article 20, paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as "moral rights of author") as well as the rights provided for in Articles 21 to 28 (hereinafter referred to as "copyright").
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第二款 著作者人格権
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Subsection 2 Moral rights of author
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(公表権)
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(Right to make the work public)
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第十八条著作者は、その著作物でまだ公表されていないもの(その同意を得ないで公表された著作物を含む。以下この条において同じ。)を公衆に提供し、又は提示する権利を有する。当該著作物を原著作物とする二次的著作物についても、同様とする。
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Article 18(1)An author shall have the right to offer and to make available to the public any work of his which has not yet been made public (which shall include a work already made public without the author's consent; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article).The same shall apply to any derivative works arising from the author's said work.
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一その著作物でまだ公表されていないものの著作権を譲渡した場合当該著作物をその著作権の行使により公衆に提供し、又は提示すること。
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(i)where the copyright in a work not yet made public has been transferred:the offering and the making available to the public of such work by exercise of the copyright thereto;
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二その美術の著作物又は写真の著作物でまだ公表されていないものの原作品を譲渡した場合これらの著作物をその原作品による展示の方法で公衆に提示すること。
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(ii)where the original of an artistic or photographic work not yet made public has been transferred:the making available to the public of such work by exhibition of its original;
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三第二十九条の規定によりその映画の著作物の著作権が映画製作者に帰属した場合当該著作物をその著作権の行使により公衆に提供し、又は提示すること。
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(iii)where the ownership of copyright in a cinematographic work belongs to the maker of the cinematographic work pursuant to the provisions of Article 29:the offering and the making available to the public of such work by exercising the copyright thereto.
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一その著作物でまだ公表されていないものを行政機関(行政機関の保有する情報の公開に関する法律(平成十一年法律第四十二号。以下「行政機関情報公開法」という。)第二条第一項に規定する行政機関をいう。以下同じ。)に提供した場合(行政機関情報公開法第九条第一項の規定による開示する旨の決定の時までに別段の意思表示をした場合を除く。)行政機関情報公開法の規定により行政機関の長が当該著作物を公衆に提供し、又は提示すること。
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(i)where a work not yet made public has been offered to an administrative organ (an "administrative organ" means any of those provided for in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Access to Information Held by Administrative Organs (Act No. 42 of 1999; hereinafter referred to as "the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act")), except, however, in the case where manifestation of intention of the author to the contrary has been made by the time when the decision to disclose has been made pursuant to the provision of Article 9, paragraph (1) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act:the offering and the making available to the public of such work by the head of the administrative organ pursuant to the provisions of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act;
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二その著作物でまだ公表されていないものを独立行政法人等(独立行政法人等の保有する情報の公開に関する法律(平成十三年法律第百四十号。以下「独立行政法人等情報公開法」という。)第二条第一項に規定する独立行政法人等をいう。以下同じ。)に提供した場合(独立行政法人等情報公開法第九条第一項の規定による開示する旨の決定の時までに別段の意思表示をした場合を除く。)独立行政法人等情報公開法の規定により当該独立行政法人等が当該著作物を公衆に提供し、又は提示すること。
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(ii)where a work not yet made public has been offered to incorporated administrative agencies, etc. ("incorporated administrative agencies, etc." means any of those provided for in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Access to Information Held by Incorporated Administrative Agencies (Act No. 140 of 2001; hereinafter referred to as "the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act")), except in the case where the author's manifestation of intention to the contrary has been made by the time when the decision to disclose has been made pursuant to the provision of Article 9, paragraph (1) of the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act:the offering and the making available to the public of the work by an incorporated administrative agencies, etc. pursuant to the provisions of the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act;
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三その著作物でまだ公表されていないものを地方公共団体又は地方独立行政法人に提供した場合(開示する旨の決定の時までに別段の意思表示をした場合を除く。)情報公開条例(地方公共団体又は地方独立行政法人の保有する情報の公開を請求する住民等の権利について定める当該地方公共団体の条例をいう。以下同じ。)の規定により当該地方公共団体の機関又は地方独立行政法人が当該著作物を公衆に提供し、又は提示すること。
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(iii)where a work not yet made public has been offered to a local public entity or local independent administrative agency (except in the case where the author's manifestation of intention on the contrary has been made by the time when the decision to disclose has been made):the offering and the making available to the public of the work by the relevant organ of a local public entity or local independent administrative agency pursuant to the provisions of the relevant Information Disclosure Ordinance ("the Information Disclosure Ordinance" means the regulations of the relevant local public entity or local independent administrative agency which provide for the right of residents, etc. to request the Disclosure of Information possessed by such entity or agency; the same shall apply hereinafter).
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一行政機関情報公開法第五条の規定により行政機関の長が同条第一号ロ若しくはハ若しくは同条第二号ただし書に規定する情報が記録されている著作物でまだ公表されていないものを公衆に提供し、若しくは提示するとき、又は行政機関情報公開法第七条の規定により行政機関の長が著作物でまだ公表されていないものを公衆に提供し、若しくは提示するとき。
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(i)where a work, which has not yet been made public and in which information prescribed in Article 5, item (i) (b) or (c) or the proviso to Article 5, item (ii) of the Administrative Organs information Disclosure Act has been recorded, is offered or made available to the public by the head of an administrative organ pursuant to the provisions of said Article, or where a work, which has not yet been made public, is offered or made available to the public by the head of an administrative organ pursuant to the provisions of Article 7 of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act;
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二独立行政法人等情報公開法第五条の規定により独立行政法人等が同条第一号ロ若しくはハ若しくは同条第二号ただし書に規定する情報が記録されている著作物でまだ公表されていないものを公衆に提供し、若しくは提示するとき、又は独立行政法人等情報公開法第七条の規定により独立行政法人等が著作物でまだ公表されていないものを公衆に提供し、若しくは提示するとき。
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(ii)where a work, which has not yet been made public and in which information prescribed in Article 5, item (i) (b) or (c) or the proviso to Article 5, item (ii) of the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act has been recorded, is offered or made available to the public by an independent administrative agency, etc. pursuant to the provisions of said Article, or where a work which has not yet been made public, is offered or made public to the public by an independent administrative agency, etc. pursuant to the provisions of Article 7 of the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act;
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三情報公開条例(行政機関情報公開法第十三条第二項及び第三項に相当する規定を設けているものに限る。第五号において同じ。)の規定により地方公共団体の機関又は地方独立行政法人が著作物でまだ公表されていないもの(行政機関情報公開法第五条第一号ロ又は同条第二号ただし書に規定する情報に相当する情報が記録されているものに限る。)を公衆に提供し、又は提示するとき。
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(iii)where a work which has not yet been made public (and in which information equivalent to that provided for in Article 5, item (i) (b) or the proviso to Article 5, item (ii) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act is recorded) is offered or made available to the public by an organ of a local public entity or a local independent administrative agency pursuant to the provisions of the information Disclosure Ordinance (which have provisions equivalent to Article 13, paragraphs (2) and (3) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act; the same shall apply in item (v));
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四情報公開条例の規定により地方公共団体の機関又は地方独立行政法人が著作物でまだ公表されていないもの(行政機関情報公開法第五条第一号ハに規定する情報に相当する情報が記録されているものに限る。)を公衆に提供し、又は提示するとき。
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(iv)where a work which has not yet been made public (and in which information equivalent to that provided for in Article 5, item (i) (c) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act has been recorded) is offered or made available to the public by an organ of a local public entity or a local independent administrative agency pursuant to the provisions of the Information Disclosure Ordinance;
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五情報公開条例の規定で行政機関情報公開法第七条の規定に相当するものにより地方公共団体の機関又は地方独立行政法人が著作物でまだ公表されていないものを公衆に提供し、又は提示するとき。
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(v)where a work which has not yet been made public is offered or made available to the public by an organ of a local public entity or a local independent administrative agency pursuant to provisions of the Information Disclosure Ordinance that are the equivalent of those of Article 7 of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act.
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(氏名表示権)
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(Right to determine the indication of the author's name)
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第十九条著作者は、その著作物の原作品に、又はその著作物の公衆への提供若しくは提示に際し、その実名若しくは変名を著作者名として表示し、又は著作者名を表示しないこととする権利を有する。その著作物を原著作物とする二次的著作物の公衆への提供又は提示に際しての原著作物の著作者名の表示についても、同様とする。
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Article 19(1)The author shall have the right to determine whether or not his name should be indicated as the work's author, and if so, whether his true name or a pseudonym should be indicated as such on the original of his work or when his work is offered or made available to the public.The author shall have the same right with respect to the indication of the author's name when derivative works from his work are offered or presented to the public.
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一行政機関情報公開法、独立行政法人等情報公開法又は情報公開条例の規定により行政機関の長、独立行政法人等又は地方公共団体の機関若しくは地方独立行政法人が著作物を公衆に提供し、又は提示する場合において、当該著作物につき既にその著作者が表示しているところに従つて著作者名を表示するとき。
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(i)when the name of the author is to be indicated in the same manner as already adopted by the author when said work was offered or made available to the public by the head of an administrative organ, by an independent administrative agency, etc. or by an organ of a local public entity or a local independent administrative agency pursuant to the provisions of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act, the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act or the Information Disclosure Ordinances;
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二行政機関情報公開法第六条第二項の規定、独立行政法人等情報公開法第六条第二項の規定又は情報公開条例の規定で行政機関情報公開法第六条第二項の規定に相当するものにより行政機関の長、独立行政法人等又は地方公共団体の機関若しくは地方独立行政法人が著作物を公衆に提供し、又は提示する場合において、当該著作物の著作者名の表示を省略することとなるとき。
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(ii)when the name of the author is to be omitted at the time that his work is offered or made available to the public by the head of an administrative organ, by an independent administrative agency, etc. or by an organ of a local public entity or a local independent administrative agency pursuant to the provisions of Article 6, paragraph (2) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act, the provisions of Article 6, paragraph (2) of the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act or the provisions of the Information Disclosure Ordinance equivalent to Article 6, paragraph (2) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act.
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(同一性保持権)
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(Right to maintain integrity)
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第二十条著作者は、その著作物及びその題号の同一性を保持する権利を有し、その意に反してこれらの変更、切除その他の改変を受けないものとする。
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Article 20(1)The author shall have the right to maintain the integrity of his work and its title, and no distortion, mutilation or other modification thereof shall be made against his intent.
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一第三十三条第一項(同条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)、第三十三条の二第一項又は第三十四条第一項の規定により著作物を利用する場合における用字又は用語の変更その他の改変で、学校教育の目的上やむを得ないと認められるもの
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(i)a change of ideographs or words or other modifications considered unavoidable for school educational purposes where the exploitation of a work is made pursuant to the provisions of Article 33, paragraph (1) (including the case where it is applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (4) of the same Article), Article 33-2, paragraph (1) or Article 34, paragraph (1);
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二建築物の増築、改築、修繕又は模様替えによる改変
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(ii)a modification of an architectural work by means of extension, rebuilding, repairing, or remodeling;
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三特定の電子計算機においては利用し得ないプログラムの著作物を当該電子計算機において利用し得るようにするため、又はプログラムの著作物を電子計算機においてより効果的に利用し得るようにするために必要な改変
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(iii)a modification which is necessary to enable the use on a particular computer of a computer program work that is otherwise unusable on such computer, or to make more effective use of a computer program work on a computer;
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四前三号に掲げるもののほか、著作物の性質並びにその利用の目的及び態様に照らしやむを得ないと認められる改変
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(iv)in addition to those listed in the preceding three items, modifications that are considered unavoidable in light of the nature of a work as well as the purpose of and the manner of its exploitation.
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第三款 著作権に含まれる権利の種類
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Subsection 3 Types of Rights Comprising a Copyright
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(複製権)
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(Right of reproduction)
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第二十一条著作者は、その著作物を複製する権利を専有する。
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Article 21The author shall have the exclusive right to reproduce his work.
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(上演権及び演奏権)
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(Right of performance)
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第二十二条著作者は、その著作物を、公衆に直接見せ又は聞かせることを目的として(以下「公に」という。)上演し、又は演奏する権利を専有する。
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Article 22The author shall have the exclusive right to perform his work publicly ("publicly" means for the purpose of making a work seen or heard directly by the public; the same shall apply hereinafter).
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(上映権)
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(Right of screen presentation)
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第二十二条の二著作者は、その著作物を公に上映する権利を専有する。
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Article 22-2The author shall have the exclusive right to make his work publicly available by screen presentation.
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(公衆送信権等)
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(Rights of public transmission, etc.)
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第二十三条著作者は、その著作物について、公衆送信(自動公衆送信の場合にあつては、送信可能化を含む。)を行う権利を専有する。
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Article 23(1)The author shall have the exclusive right to effect a public transmission of his work (including, in the case of automatic public transmission, making his work transmittable).
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(口述権)
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(Right of recitation)
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第二十四条著作者は、その言語の著作物を公に口述する権利を専有する。
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Article 24The author of a literary work shall have the exclusive right to recite his work publicly.
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(展示権)
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(Right of exhibition)
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第二十五条著作者は、その美術の著作物又はまだ発行されていない写真の著作物をこれらの原作品により公に展示する権利を専有する。
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Article 25The author of an artistic work or of an unpublished photographic work shall have the exclusive right to exhibit the original of his work publicly.
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(頒布権)
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(Rights of distribution)
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第二十六条著作者は、その映画の著作物をその複製物により頒布する権利を専有する。
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Article 26(1)The author of a cinematographic work shall have the exclusive right to distribute his work by distributing reproductions of said cinematographic work.
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(譲渡権)
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(Right of ownership transfer)
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第二十六条の二著作者は、その著作物(映画の著作物を除く。以下この条において同じ。)をその原作品又は複製物(映画の著作物において複製されている著作物にあつては、当該映画の著作物の複製物を除く。以下この条において同じ。)の譲渡により公衆に提供する権利を専有する。
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Article 26-2(1)The author shall have the exclusive right to offer his work (with the exception of cinematographic works; the same shall apply below in this Article) to the public by transferring ownership of the original or reproductions of his work (excluding, however, reproductions of a cinematographic work where the author's work has been reproduced in said cinematographic work; the same shall apply below in this Article).
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一前項に規定する権利を有する者又はその許諾を得た者により公衆に譲渡された著作物の原作品又は複製物
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(i)the original or reproductions of a work the ownership of which has been transferred to the public by a person who possesses the right prescribed in the preceding paragraph or by a person with authorization from such a person;
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二第六十七条第一項若しくは第六十九条の規定による裁定又は万国著作権条約の実施に伴う著作権法の特例に関する法律(昭和三十一年法律第八十六号)第五条第一項の規定による許可を受けて公衆に譲渡された著作物の複製物
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(ii)reproductions of a work the ownership of which has been transferred to the public under the authority of a ruling [for compulsory license] under the provisions of Article 67, paragraph (1) or Article 69 or with a license under the provisions of Article 5, paragraph (1) of the Act on Special Provisions of the Exceptional Provisions to the Copyright Act, required as a consequence of the Enforcement of the Universal Copyright Convention (Act No. 86 of 1956);
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三前項に規定する権利を有する者又はその承諾を得た者により特定かつ少数の者に譲渡された著作物の原作品又は複製物
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(iii)the original or reproductions of a work the ownership of which has been transferred to a small number of specific persons by a person who possesses the right prescribed in the preceding paragraph or by a person with authorization of such a person;
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四国外において、前項に規定する権利に相当する権利を害することなく、又は同項に規定する権利に相当する権利を有する者若しくはその承諾を得た者により譲渡された著作物の原作品又は複製物
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(iv)the original or reproductions of a work the ownership of which has been transferred outside this country, (a) without prejudice to a right that is the equivalent to that prescribed in the preceding paragraph, or (b) by a person who has a right equivalent to that prescribed in the preceding paragraph or by a person with authorization from such a person.
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(貸与権)
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(Right of rental)
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第二十六条の三著作者は、その著作物(映画の著作物を除く。)をその複製物(映画の著作物において複製されている著作物にあつては、当該映画の著作物の複製物を除く。)の貸与により公衆に提供する権利を専有する。
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Article 26-3The author shall have the exclusive right to offer his work (with the exception of a cinematographic work) to the public through the rental of reproductions of the work (excluding, however, reproductions of a cinematographic work where the author's work has been reproduced in said cinematographic work).
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(翻訳権、翻案権等)
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(Rights of translation, adaptation, etc.)
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第二十七条著作者は、その著作物を翻訳し、編曲し、若しくは変形し、又は脚色し、映画化し、その他翻案する権利を専有する。
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Article 27The author shall have the exclusive right to translate, arrange musically or transform, or dramatize, cinematize, or otherwise adapt his work.
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(二次的著作物の利用に関する原著作者の権利)
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(Right of the original author in the exploitation of a derivative work)
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第二十八条二次的著作物の原著作物の著作者は、当該二次的著作物の利用に関し、この款に規定する権利で当該二次的著作物の著作者が有するものと同一の種類の権利を専有する。
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Article 28In connection with the exploitation of a derivative work, the author of the original work shall have exclusive rights of the same types as those possessed by the author of the derivative work under the provisions of this Subsection.
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第四款 映画の著作物の著作権の帰属
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Subsection 4 Ownership of Copyright in Cinematographic Works
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Article 29(1)The copyright to a cinematographic work (excluding, however, those to which the provisions of Article 15, paragraph (1), the next paragraph or paragraph (3) of this Article are applicable) shall belong to the maker of said cinematographic work, provided that the authors of the cinematographic work have undertaken to participate in the making of the same.
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(2)In the case of a cinematographic work made by a broadcasting organization alone for the exclusive purpose of technologically enabling a broadcast (excluding, however, cinematographic works to which the provisions of Article 15, paragraph (1) are applicable), the following rights, which are among the various rights comprising the copyright thereto, shall belong to said broadcasting organization as the maker of the cinematographic work:
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一その著作物を放送する権利及び放送されるその著作物について、有線放送し、自動公衆送信(送信可能化のうち、公衆の用に供されている電気通信回線に接続している自動公衆送信装置に情報を入力することによるものを含む。)を行い、又は受信装置を用いて公に伝達する権利
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(i)(a) the right to broadcast said work, and (b) the right (A) to wire-broadcast or make an automatic public transmission (including making a work transmittable by means of inputting information into an automatic public transmission server already connected to a telecommunications line which is provided for use by the public) of said broadcasted work, or (B) to transmit said broadcasted work to the public by means of a receiving apparatus;
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二その著作物を複製し、又はその複製物により放送事業者に頒布する権利
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(ii)the right to reproduce said work and the right to distribute said work to other broadcasting organizations by distribution of reproductions thereof.
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(3)In the case of a cinematographic work made by a wire-broadcasting organization alone for the exclusive purpose of technologically enabling a wire-broadcast (excluding, however, cinematographic works to which the provisions of Article 15, paragraph (1) are applicable), the following rights, which are among the various rights comprising in the copyright thereto, shall belong to said wire-broadcasting organization as the maker of the cinematographic work:
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一その著作物を有線放送する権利及び有線放送されるその著作物を受信装置を用いて公に伝達する権利
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(i)(a) the right to wire-broadcast said work, and (b) the right to transmit said wire-broadcasted work to the public by means of a receiving apparatus [receiving the wire-broadcast];
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二その著作物を複製し、又はその複製物により有線放送事業者に頒布する権利
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(ii)the right to reproduce said work and the right to distribute said work to other wire-broadcasting organizations by distribution of reproductions thereof.
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第五款 著作権の制限
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Subsection 5 Limitations on Copyright
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(私的使用のための複製)
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(Reproduction for private use)
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第三十条著作権の目的となつている著作物(以下この款において単に「著作物」という。)は、個人的に又は家庭内その他これに準ずる限られた範囲内において使用すること(以下「私的使用」という。)を目的とするときは、次に掲げる場合を除き、その使用する者が複製することができる。
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Article 30(1)Except in the cases listed below, it shall be permissible for the user of a work that is the subject of a copyright (below in this Subsection simply referred to as a "work") to reproduce the work for his personal use or family use or other equivalent uses within a limited scope (hereinafter referred to as "private use"):
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一公衆の使用に供することを目的として設置されている自動複製機器(複製の機能を有し、これに関する装置の全部又は主要な部分が自動化されている機器をいう。)を用いて複製する場合
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(i)where reproduction is made by means of automatic reproduction machines (an "automatic reproduction machine" means a machine having reproduction functions and in which all or the main parts of its reproducing devices have been automated) installed for the use by the public;
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二技術的保護手段の回避(技術的保護手段に用いられている信号の除去又は改変(記録又は送信の方式の変換に伴う技術的な制約による除去又は改変を除く。)を行うことにより、当該技術的保護手段によつて防止される行為を可能とし、又は当該技術的保護手段によつて抑止される行為の結果に障害を生じないようにすることをいう。第百二十条の二第一号及び第二号において同じ。)により可能となり、又はその結果に障害が生じないようになつた複製を、その事実を知りながら行う場合
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(ii)where (a) reproduction has become possible by the circumvention of technological protection measures or as a result of such circumvention, the results of acts deterred by such technological protection measures have ceased to be obstructed, and (b) reproduction is made with the knowledge of the facts described in (a) above. For purposes of this item and Articles 120-2, items (i) and (ii), "circumvention" means to enable acts prevented by technological protection measures or to cause cessation of the obstruction of the results of acts deterred by such technological protection measures, in each case, by removal or modification of signals used for such measures; provided, however, that "removal" or "modification" shall not include removal or modification which necessarily occurs because of technological restrictions accompanying the conversion of recording or transmission systems.
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(2)Any person who, for private use purposes, makes sound or visual recordings on a recording medium used for digital sound and visual recordings (as specified by Cabinet Order) by means of a machine possessing functions to make digital sound or visual recordings (as specified by Cabinet Order) (excluding, however, (i) machines having special capacities generally not for private use, such as capacities for broadcast business purposes, and (ii) machines having sound or visual recording functions incidental to their primary functions, such as telephones with a sound recording function) shall pay a reasonable amount of compensation to the copyright holders concerned.
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(図書館等における複製)
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(Reproduction in libraries, etc.)
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第三十一条図書、記録その他の資料を公衆の利用に供することを目的とする図書館その他の施設で政令で定めるもの(以下この条において「図書館等」という。)においては、次に掲げる場合には、その営利を目的としない事業として、図書館等の図書、記録その他の資料(以下この条において「図書館資料」という。)を用いて著作物を複製することができる。
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Article 31In the following cases, it shall be permissible to reproduce a work included in library materials (in this Article, "library materials" means books, documents and other materials held in [the collection of] libraries, etc.) as an activity falling within the scope of the non-profit-making activities of libraries, etc. (in this Article, "libraries, etc." means libraries and other establishments designated by Cabinet Order and having among their purposes, the providing of library materials for use by the public):
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一図書館等の利用者の求めに応じ、その調査研究の用に供するために、公表された著作物の一部分(発行後相当期間を経過した定期刊行物に掲載された個個の著作物にあつては、その全部)の複製物を一人につき一部提供する場合
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(i)where, in response to the request of a user of a library, etc. and for the purpose of his research or study, such user is furnished with a single reproduction of (a) a part of a work already made public, or (b) in the case of an individual work reproduced in a periodical already published for a considerable period of time, all of such individual work;
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二図書館資料の保存のため必要がある場合
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(ii)where the reproduction is necessary for the purpose of preserving library materials;
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三他の図書館等の求めに応じ、絶版その他これに準ずる理由により一般に入手することが困難な図書館資料の複製物を提供する場合
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(iii)where, in response to the request of other libraries, etc., a reproduction of [a work constituting] library materials is furnished because such work is difficult to obtain due to such work being out of print or other similar reasons.
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(引用)
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(Quotations)
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第三十二条公表された著作物は、引用して利用することができる。この場合において、その引用は、公正な慣行に合致するものであり、かつ、報道、批評、研究その他の引用の目的上正当な範囲内で行なわれるものでなければならない。
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Article 32(1)It shall be permissible to quote from and thereby exploit a work already made public,provided that such quotation is compatible with fair practice and to the extent justified by the purpose of the quotation, such as news reporting, critique or research.
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(2)It shall also be permissible to reproduce, as explanatory materials, in newspapers, magazines and other publications informational materials, public relations materials, statistical materials, reports and other similar works which have been prepared by organs of the State or local public entities or incorporated administrative agencies or local incorporated administrative agencies for the purpose of general public dissemination and made public under their authorship; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply where there is an express indication [on the work] that such reproduction has been expressly prohibited.
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(教科用図書等への掲載)
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(Reproduction in school textbooks, etc.)
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第三十三条公表された著作物は、学校教育の目的上必要と認められる限度において、教科用図書(小学校、中学校、高等学校又は中等教育学校その他これらに準ずる学校における教育の用に供される児童用又は生徒用の図書であつて、文部科学大臣の検定を経たもの又は文部科学省が著作の名義を有するものをいう。次条において同じ。)に掲載することができる。
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Article 33(1)It shall be permissible to reproduce in school textbooks ("school textbooks" means textbooks authorized by the Minister of Education and Science or those compiled under the authorship of the Ministry of Education and Science for use in the education of pupils or students in primary schools, junior or senior high schools, schools for secondary education or other equivalent schools; the same shall apply in the next Article) works already made public, to the extent deemed necessary for the purpose of school education.
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(2)A person who makes such reproduction in a school textbook pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall notify the author thereof and pay to the copyright holder compensation, the amount of which will be fixed each year by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs, taking into account the spirit of the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the type and the usage of the work, the ordinary royalty rate, and other factors.
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(4)The provisions of the preceding three paragraphs shall apply mutatis mutandis with respect to the reproduction of works in textbooks intended for correspondence courses of senior high schools (including the senior grade course at schools for secondary education) and in teachers' manuals for school textbooks set forth in paragraph (1) (such teachers' manuals shall be limited to those published by the same publisher of the related school textbooks).
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(教科用拡大図書等の作成のための複製)
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(Reproduction in order to prepare a textbook, etc. in large print)
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第三十三条の二教科用図書に掲載された著作物は、弱視の児童又は生徒の学習の用に供するため、当該教科用図書に用いられている文字、図形等を拡大して複製することができる。
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Article 33-2(1)It shall be permissible to reproduce a work already reproduced in a school textbook, by enlarging letters and characters, illustrations, etc. used in said school textbook for the purpose of providing the same for use by weak-sighted pupils or students in their studies.
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(2)A person who intends to prepare a textbook for school education by reproduction of a work or works contained in a school textbook by enlarging the letters and characters, illustrations, etc. [of such work(s)] pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph (textbooks for school education shall in this paragraph be limited to only those which reproduce the whole or a considerable portion of a work that is printed in the relevant school textbook; such textbooks for school education being in this paragraph referred to as "large-print textbooks for school education") shall give advance notice to the publisher of the said textbook and, in the case where copies of such large-print textbook for school education are to be distributed for profit-making purposes, pay to the holder(s) of the copyright compensation, the amount of which will be fixed each year by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs in proportion to the amount of compensation provided for in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article.
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(学校教育番組の放送等)
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(Broadcast, etc. in school education programs)
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第三十四条公表された著作物は、学校教育の目的上必要と認められる限度において、学校教育に関する法令の定める教育課程の基準に準拠した学校向けの放送番組又は有線放送番組において放送し、若しくは有線放送し、又は当該放送を受信して同時に専ら当該放送に係る放送対象地域(放送法(昭和二十五年法律第百三十二号)第二条の二第二項第二号に規定する放送対象地域をいい、これが定められていない放送にあつては、電波法(昭和二十五年法律第百三十一号)第十四条第三項第三号に規定する放送区域をいう。以下同じ。)において受信されることを目的として自動公衆送信(送信可能化のうち、公衆の用に供されている電気通信回線に接続している自動公衆送信装置に情報を入力することによるものを含む。)を行い、及び当該放送番組用又は有線放送番組用の教材に掲載することができる。
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Article 34(1)It shall be permissible, to the extent deemed necessary for school educational purposes, to broadcast, or wire-broadcast, or make an automatic public transmission (including making a work transmittable by means of inputting information into an automatic public transmission server already connected to a telecommunications line which is provided for use by the public) for the purpose of such broadcasts being transmitted and simultaneously received exclusively in a Broadcasting Service Area pertaining to these broadcasts ("Broadcasting Service Area" means such Broadcasting Service Area as provided for in Article 2-2, paragraph (2), item (ii) of the Broadcast Act (Act No. 132 of 1950), or for broadcasts for areas not provided in this law a Service Area as provided in Article 14, paragraph (3), item (iii) of the Radio Act (Act No. 131 of 1950); the same shall apply hereinafter), a work already made public, in educational broadcast programs or educational wire-broadcast programs which conform to the education course standards established by the laws and regulations on school education, and to reproduce such already-made-public work in teaching materials for these broadcasted and wire-broadcasted programs.
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(学校その他の教育機関における複製等)
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(Reproduction, etc. in schools and other educational institutions)
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第三十五条学校その他の教育機関(営利を目的として設置されているものを除く。)において教育を担任する者及び授業を受ける者は、その授業の過程における使用に供することを目的とする場合には、必要と認められる限度において、公表された著作物を複製することができる。ただし、当該著作物の種類及び用途並びにその複製の部数及び態様に照らし著作権者の利益を不当に害することとなる場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 35(1)A person who teaches a lesson, and those who receive the lesson, in a school or other educational institutions (excluding, however, those institutions established for profit-making purposes) may, if and to the extent deemed necessary for use in the course of the lesson, reproduce a work already made public; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply in the case where such reproduction is likely to unreasonably prejudice the interests of the copyright holder in light of the type and the usage of the work as well as the number of copies and the manner of reproduction.
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(2)When, in the course of a lesson at an educational institution set forth in the preceding paragraph, exploiting a work already made public, by offering or presenting the original or reproductions of such work to those who directly take lessons, or by performing, presenting or reciting it pursuant to the provisions of Article 38, paragraph (1), it shall be permissible to make public transmissions of such work (including, in the case of an automatic public transmission, making such work transmittable) for reception by those who are receiving the same lesson at the same time but at a location other than where such lesson is being given; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply in the case where such public transmission is likely to unreasonably prejudice the interests of the copyright holder in light of the type and the usage of the work as well as the manner of the public transmission.
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(試験問題としての複製等)
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(Reproduction, etc. as examination questions)
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第三十六条公表された著作物については、入学試験その他人の学識技能に関する試験又は検定の目的上必要と認められる限度において、当該試験又は検定の問題として複製し、又は公衆送信(放送又は有線放送を除き、自動公衆送信の場合にあつては送信可能化を含む。次項において同じ。)を行うことができる。ただし、当該著作物の種類及び用途並びに当該公衆送信の態様に照らし著作権者の利益を不当に害することとなる場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 36(1)It shall be permissible to reproduce or make public transmissions (excluding, however, broadcasts or wire-broadcasts, but including, in the case of automatic public transmission, making a work transmittable; the same shall apply in the next paragraph) of, a work already made public, as questions for an entrance examination or other examinations of knowledge or skill or for a license, to the extent deemed necessary for such purposes; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply in the case where such reproduction or public transmission[, as the case may be,] is likely to unreasonably prejudice the interests of the copyright holder in light of the type and usage of the work as well as the manner of the public transmission.
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(点字による複製等)
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(Reproduction in Braille, etc.)
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第三十七条公表された著作物は、点字により複製することができる。
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Article 37(1)It shall be permissible to reproduce in Braille a work already made public.
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(2)It shall be permissible to record on a recording medium, or to make public transmissions (excluding, however, broadcasts or wire-broadcasts, but including, in the case of automatic public transmission, making a work transmittable) of, a work already made public, by means of a Braille-processing system using a computer.
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(3)For Braille libraries and other establishments (designated by Cabinet Order) for the promotion of the welfare of the persons with visual disabilities, it shall be permissible, solely for the purpose of renting by or making automatic public transmission (including making transmittable; the same shall apply in this paragraph hereinafter) to the persons with visual disabilities, to make sound recordings or make automatic public transmissions exploiting such sound recordings solely for the persons with visual disabilities of a work already made public.
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(聴覚障害者のための自動公衆送信)
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(Automatic public transmission for persons with aural disabilities)
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第三十七条の二聴覚障害者の福祉の増進を目的とする事業を行う者で政令で定めるものは、放送され、又は有線放送される著作物(放送される著作物が自動公衆送信される場合の当該著作物を含む。以下この条において同じ。)について、専ら聴覚障害者の用に供するために、当該放送され、又は有線放送される著作物に係る音声を文字にしてする自動公衆送信(送信可能化のうち、公衆の用に供されている電気通信回線に接続している自動公衆送信装置に情報を入力することによるものを含む。)を行うことができる。
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Article 37-2A person, designated by Cabinet Order, who engages in activities for the promotion of the welfare of persons with aural disabilities, may, solely for the purpose of providing the same for use by persons with aural disabilities, make automatic public transmissions (including making a work transmittable by means of inputting information into an automatic public transmission server already connected to a telecommunications line which is provided for use by the public) of broadcasted or wire-broadcasted work (including broadcasted work when such work will be transmitted by automatic public transmission; the same shall apply in this Article hereinafter), by converting oral words of such broadcasted or wire-broadcasted work into written words.
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(営利を目的としない上演等)
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(Performances, etc. not for profit-making purposes)
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第三十八条公表された著作物は、営利を目的とせず、かつ、聴衆又は観衆から料金(いずれの名義をもつてするかを問わず、著作物の提供又は提示につき受ける対価をいう。以下この条において同じ。)を受けない場合には、公に上演し、演奏し、上映し、又は口述することができる。ただし、当該上演、演奏、上映又は口述について実演家又は口述を行う者に対し報酬が支払われる場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 38(1)It shall be permissible to publicly perform, present and/or recite a work already made public, for non-profit-making purposes and if no fees are charged to the audience or spectators ("fees" includes consideration of any kind whatsoever for the offering and the making available of a work to the public; the same shall apply below in this Article), to audiences or spectators.The foregoing, however, shall not apply when the performers or reciters concerned are paid any remuneration for such performance, presentation or recitation.
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(2)It shall be permissible, for non-profit-making purposes and if no fees are charged to the audience or spectators, to transmit broadcasted work by wire-broadcast or automatic public transmission to be received exclusively in a Broadcasting Service Area pertaining to these broadcasts (including making a work transmittable by means of inputting information into an automatic public transmission server already connected to a telecommunications line which is provided for use by the public).
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(3)It shall be permissible, for non-profit-making purposes and if no fees are charged to the audience or spectators, to communicate to the public, by means of a receiving apparatus, a work already broadcasted or wire-broadcasted (including broadcasted work when such work will be transmitted by automatic public transmission).The same shall apply to such public communication made by means of a receiving apparatus of a kind commonly used in private homes.
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(4)It shall be permissible, for non-profit-making purposes and if no fees are charged to borrowers, to offer to the public a work (excluding a cinematographic work) already made public, by renting reproductions of the work (excluding, in the case of a work reproduced in the cinematographic work, reproductions of the cinematographic work).
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(5)For audiovisual education establishments and other not-for-profit establishments designated by Cabinet Order and having among its purposes the providing of cinematographic films and other audiovisual materials for use by the public, it shall be permissible to distribute a cinematographic work already made public by renting reproductions of the work, if no fees are charged to borrowers of such reproductions.In such case, the person who makes such distribution shall pay a reasonable amount of compensation to the owner of the right prescribed in Article 26 (including the owner of the same right as that prescribed in Article 26 pursuant to the provisions of Article 28) with respect to such cinematographic work or a work reproduced in such cinematographic work.
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(時事問題に関する論説の転載等)
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(Reproduction, etc. of editorials on current topics)
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第三十九条新聞紙又は雑誌に掲載して発行された政治上、経済上又は社会上の時事問題に関する論説(学術的な性質を有するものを除く。)は、他の新聞紙若しくは雑誌に転載し、又は放送し、若しくは有線放送し、若しくは当該放送を受信して同時に専ら当該放送に係る放送対象地域において受信されることを目的として自動公衆送信(送信可能化のうち、公衆の用に供されている電気通信回線に接続している自動公衆送信装置に情報を入力することによるものを含む。)を行うことができる。ただし、これらの利用を禁止する旨の表示がある場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 39(1)It shall be permissible to reproduce in other newspapers or magazines, and to broadcast, or wire-broadcast or make an automatic public transmission (including making a work transmittable by means of inputting information into an automatic public transmission server already connected to a telecommunications line which is provided for use by the public) for the purpose of such broadcasts being transmitted and simultaneously received exclusively in a Broadcasting Service Area pertaining to these broadcasts, editorials published in newspapers or magazines on current political, economic or social topics (excluding, however, those of an academic nature); provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply if there is an indication [in or near the editorial] that such exploitation is prohibited.
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(政治上の演説等の利用)
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(Exploitation of political speeches, etc.)
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第四十条公開して行われた政治上の演説又は陳述及び裁判手続(行政庁の行う審判その他裁判に準ずる手続を含む。第四十二条第一項において同じ。)における公開の陳述は、同一の著作者のものを編集して利用する場合を除き、いずれの方法によるかを問わず、利用することができる。
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Article 40(1)It shall be permissible to exploit, by any means (other than exploitation involving a compilation of works of the same author), political speeches and statements that were delivered in public and statements delivered in the course of judicial proceedings (including administrative trials of administrative agencies and other quasi-judicial proceedings; the same shall apply in Article 42, paragraph (1)).
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(2)It shall be permissible to reproduce in newspapers and magazines, and to broadcast or wire-broadcast, or make an automatic public transmission (including making a work transmittable by means of inputting information into an automatic public transmission server already connected to a telecommunications line which is provided for use by the public) for the purpose of such broadcasts being transmitted and simultaneously received exclusively in a Broadcasting Service Area pertaining to these broadcasts, speeches and statements (other than those prescribed in the preceding paragraph) publicly delivered in organs of the State or local public entities, incorporated administrative agencies or local incorporated administrative agencies, to the extent justified for purposes of news reporting.
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(時事の事件の報道のための利用)
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(Reporting of current events)
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第四十一条写真、映画、放送その他の方法によつて時事の事件を報道する場合には、当該事件を構成し、又は当該事件の過程において見られ、若しくは聞かれる著作物は、報道の目的上正当な範囲内において、複製し、及び当該事件の報道に伴つて利用することができる。
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Article 41For the purpose of reporting current events by means of photography, cinematography, broadcast or otherwise, it shall be permissible to reproduce a work involved in such event or a work seen or heard in the course of the event, and to exploit any such work in conjunction with the reporting of such event, in each case to the extent justified for purposes of news reporting.
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(裁判手続等における複製)
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(Reproduction for judicial proceedings, etc.)
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第四十二条著作物は、裁判手続のために必要と認められる場合及び立法又は行政の目的のために内部資料として必要と認められる場合には、その必要と認められる限度において、複製することができる。ただし、当該著作物の種類及び用途並びにその複製の部数及び態様に照らし著作権者の利益を不当に害することとなる場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 42(1)It shall be permissible to reproduce a work if and to the extent deemed necessary for the purpose of judicial proceedings or for internal use by legislative or administrative organs; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply where such reproduction is likely to unreasonably prejudice the interests of the copyright holder in light of the type and the usage of the work as well as the number of reproductions and the manner of reproduction.
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一行政庁の行う特許、意匠若しくは商標に関する審査、実用新案に関する技術的な評価又は国際出願(特許協力条約に基づく国際出願等に関する法律(昭和五十三年法律第三十号)第二条に規定する国際出願をいう。)に関する国際調査若しくは国際予備審査に関する手続
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(i)Proceedings pertaining to examinations concerning patents, designs or trademarks, technical evaluations concerning utility models or international research or international preliminary examinations pertaining to international applications ("international applications" means those provided for in Article 2 of the Act On International Applications Etc. under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (Act No. 30 of 1978)), conducted by a government agency.
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二行政庁若しくは独立行政法人の行う薬事(医療機器(薬事法(昭和三十五年法律第百四十五号)第二条第四項に規定する医療機器をいう。)に関する事項を含む。以下この号において同じ。)に関する審査若しくは調査又は行政庁若しくは独立行政法人に対する薬事に関する報告に関する手続
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(ii)Proceedings pertaining to an examination or research concerning pharmaceutical matters (including matters pertaining to medical equipments ("medical equipments" means those provided for in Article 2, paragraph (4) of the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act (Act No. 145 of 1960)); the same shall apply in this item hereinafter) conducted by a government agency or incorporated administrative agency, or proceedings pertaining to reports to a government agency or incorporated administrative agency concerning pharmaceutical matters.
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(行政機関情報公開法等による開示のための利用)
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(Exploitation for purposes of disclosure pursuant to the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act, etc.)
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第四十二条の二行政機関の長、独立行政法人等又は地方公共団体の機関若しくは地方独立行政法人は、行政機関情報公開法、独立行政法人等情報公開法又は情報公開条例の規定により著作物を公衆に提供し、又は提示することを目的とする場合には、それぞれ行政機関情報公開法第十四条第一項(同項の規定に基づく政令の規定を含む。)に規定する方法、独立行政法人等情報公開法第十五条第一項に規定する方法(同項の規定に基づき当該独立行政法人等が定める方法(行政機関情報公開法第十四条第一項の規定に基づく政令で定める方法以外のものを除く。)を含む。)又は情報公開条例で定める方法(行政機関情報公開法第十四条第一項(同項の規定に基づく政令の規定を含む。)に規定する方法以外のものを除く。)により開示するために必要と認められる限度において、当該著作物を利用することができる。
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Article 42-2For the purpose of offering or making available to the public a work pursuant to the provisions of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act, the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act or the Information Disclosure Ordinance, the head of an administration organ, an independent administrative agency, etc., an organ of a local public entity or a local independent administrative agency may, if and to the extent deemed necessary for purposes of disclosure, exploit the work in accordance with the method(s) prescribed, respectively, in (a) Article 14, paragraph (1) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act (including the provisions of the Cabinet Order based upon said paragraph), (b) Article 15, paragraph (1) of the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act (including the method(s) established by the relevant independent administrative agency, etc. based upon said paragraph, other than those provided for by the Cabinet Order based upon the provisions of Article 14, paragraph (1) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act), or (c) the Information Disclosure Ordinances (excluding the method(s) other than those prescribed in Article 14, paragraph (1) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act, which in turn includes the provisions of the Cabinet Order based upon said paragraph).
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(翻訳、翻案等による利用)
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(Exploitation by means of translation, adaptation, etc.)
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第四十三条次の各号に掲げる規定により著作物を利用することができる場合には、当該各号に掲げる方法により、当該著作物を当該各号に掲げる規定に従つて利用することができる。
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Article 43When exploitation of a work is permitted under any of the items listed below, such exploitation may be done pursuant to the method and in accordance with the provisions set forth in each respective item below:
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一第三十条第一項、第三十三条第一項(同条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)、第三十四条第一項又は第三十五条翻訳、編曲、変形又は翻案
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(i)Article 30, paragraph (1) or Article 33, paragraph (1) (including the case where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (4) of the same Article), Article 34, paragraph (1) or Article 35:translation, arrangement, transformation, and adaptation;
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二第三十一条第一号、第三十二条、第三十六条、第三十七条、第三十九条第一項、第四十条第二項、第四十一条又は第四十二条翻訳
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(ii)Article 31, item (i), Article 32, 36 or 37, Article 39, paragraph (1), Article 40, paragraph (2), or Article 41 or 42:translation.
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三第三十七条の二翻案(要約に限る。)
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(iii)Article 37-2:adaptation (limited to summary forms only).
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(放送事業者等による一時的固定)
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(Ephemeral recordings by broadcasting organizations, etc.)
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第四十四条放送事業者は、第二十三条第一項に規定する権利を害することなく放送することができる著作物を、自己の放送のために、自己の手段又は当該著作物を同じく放送することができる他の放送事業者の手段により、一時的に録音し、又は録画することができる。
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Article 44(1)Broadcasting organizations may make ephemeral sound or visual recordings of a work which they are in a position to broadcast without infringing the rights [of the author] provided for in Article 23, paragraph (1), for purposes of their own broadcasts and through use of their own facilities or those of other broadcasting organizations which are also in a position to broadcast the same work.
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(2)Wire-broadcasting organizations may make ephemeral sound or visual recordings of a work which they are in a position to wire-broadcast without infringing the rights of [the author] provided for in Article 23, paragraph (1), for purposes of their own wire-broadcasts (except those made upon reception of broadcasts) and through use of their own facilities.
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(3)It shall not be permissible to preserve ephemeral sound or visual recordings made pursuant to the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs for a period beyond six months of their recordation, or, if the recordings are broadcasted or wire-broadcasted within this period, for a period beyond six months of said broadcast or wire-broadcast.The foregoing, however, shall not apply when preservation in official archives is authorized by Cabinet Order.
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(美術の著作物等の原作品の所有者による展示)
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(Exhibition of an artistic work, etc. by the owner of the original)
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第四十五条美術の著作物若しくは写真の著作物の原作品の所有者又はその同意を得た者は、これらの著作物をその原作品により公に展示することができる。
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Article 45(1)The original of an artistic work or a photographic work may be publicly exhibited by its owner or by a person with authorization from said owner.
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(公開の美術の著作物等の利用)
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(Exploitation of an artistic work, etc. located in open places)
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第四十六条美術の著作物でその原作品が前条第二項に規定する屋外の場所に恒常的に設置されているもの又は建築の著作物は、次に掲げる場合を除き、いずれの方法によるかを問わず、利用することができる。
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Article 46With the exception of the following instances, it shall be permissible to exploit, by any means whatsoever, an artistic work permanently installed in an open place as provided for in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article and an architectural work:
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一彫刻を増製し、又はその増製物の譲渡により公衆に提供する場合
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(i)reproduction of a sculpture and offering such reproduction to the public by transferring ownership of it;
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二建築の著作物を建築により複製し、又はその複製物の譲渡により公衆に提供する場合
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(ii)[imitative] reproduction of an architectural work and offering such [imitative] reproduction to the public by transferring ownership of it;
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三前条第二項に規定する屋外の場所に恒常的に設置するために複製する場合
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(iii)reproduction of a work for the purpose of permanent installation in an open place as provided for in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article;
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四専ら美術の著作物の複製物の販売を目的として複製し、又はその複製物を販売する場合
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(iv)reproduction of an artistic work exclusively for the purpose of selling its reproductions and the sale of such reproductions.
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(美術の著作物等の展示に伴う複製)
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(Reproduction required for exhibition of artistic works, etc.)
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第四十七条美術の著作物又は写真の著作物の原作品により、第二十五条に規定する権利を害することなく、これらの著作物を公に展示する者は、観覧者のためにこれらの著作物の解説又は紹介をすることを目的とする小冊子にこれらの著作物を掲載することができる。
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Article 47A person who publicly exhibits the originals of artistic works or photographic works in a manner that does not harm the rights [of the author] provided for in Article 25, may reproduce such works in pamphlets for the purpose of explaining or introducing them to viewers.
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(プログラムの著作物の複製物の所有者による複製等)
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(Reproduction, etc. by the owner of the reproduction of a computer program work)
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第四十七条の二プログラムの著作物の複製物の所有者は、自ら当該著作物を電子計算機において利用するために必要と認められる限度において、当該著作物の複製又は翻案(これにより創作した二次的著作物の複製を含む。)をすることができる。ただし、当該利用に係る複製物の使用につき、第百十三条第二項の規定が適用される場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 47-2(1)The owner of a reproduction of a computer program work may make reproductions or adaptations (including reproductions of derivative works created by means of such adaptation) of said work if and to the extent deemed necessary for his own exploitation of said work on a computer; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply where the provisions of Article 113, paragraph (2) applies to the use made of such reproductions in connection with such exploitation.
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(2)If the owner of the reproductions discussed in the preceding paragraph ceases to have ownership of any of such reproductions (including reproductions made pursuant to the provisions of said paragraph), for reasons other than the destruction of the same, he may not thereafter preserve other reproductions, in the absence of any declaration of intention of the copyright holder to the contrary.
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(保守、修理等のための一時的複製)
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(Ephemeral reproduction for maintenance, repairs, etc.)
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第四十七条の三記録媒体内蔵複製機器(複製の機能を有する機器であつて、その複製を機器に内蔵する記録媒体(以下この条において「内蔵記録媒体」という。)に記録して行うものをいう。次項において同じ。)の保守又は修理を行う場合には、その内蔵記録媒体に記録されている著作物は、必要と認められる限度において、当該内蔵記録媒体以外の記録媒体に一時的に記録し、及び当該保守又は修理の後に、当該内蔵記録媒体に記録することができる。
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Article 47-3(1)In the case of maintenance or repairs on reproducing machines with a built-in memory ("reproducing machine with a built-in memory" means a machine with a reproduction function that makes reproductions by recording information to a memory built into the machine (referred to in this Article as "built-in memory" hereinafter); the same shall apply in next paragraph), works recorded on the built-in memory may be recorded ephemerally to a memory other than that built-in memory, and recorded to such built-in memory in question after said maintenance or repairs to the extent deemed necessary.
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(2)When exchanging reproducing machine with a built-in memory for the same kind of machine because of a manufacturing defect or breakdown caused during the processes until sale, works recorded on the built-in memory may be recorded ephemerally to a memory other than that built-in memory, and recorded to the built-in memory of the same kind of such machine to the extent deemed necessary.
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(複製権の制限により作成された複製物の譲渡)
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(Transfer of ownership of reproductions made pursuant to the provisions of limitations on the right of reproduction)
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第四十七条の四第三十一条第一号、第三十二条、第三十三条第一項(同条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)、第三十三条の二第一項、第三十四条第一項、第三十五条第一項、第三十六条第一項、第三十七条第一項若しくは第二項、第三十九条第一項、第四十条第一項若しくは第二項、第四十一条、第四十二条、第四十二条の二、第四十六条又は第四十七条の規定により複製することができる著作物は、これらの規定の適用を受けて作成された複製物(第三十一条第一号、第三十五条第一項、第三十六条第一項又は第四十二条の規定に係る場合にあつては、映画の著作物の複製物(映画の著作物において複製されている著作物にあつては、当該映画の著作物の複製物を含む。以下この条において同じ。)を除く。)の譲渡により公衆に提供することができる。ただし、第三十一条第一号、第三十三条の二第一項、第三十五条第一項、第四十一条、第四十二条又は第四十二条の二の規定の適用を受けて作成された著作物の複製物(第三十一条第一号、第三十五条第一項又は第四十二条の規定に係る場合にあつては、映画の著作物の複製物を除く。)を、第三十一条第一号、第三十三条の二第一項、第三十五条第一項、第四十一条、第四十二条又は第四十二条の二に定める目的以外の目的のために公衆に譲渡する場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 47-4Works permitted to be reproduced pursuant to the provisions of Article 31, item (i), Article 32, Article 33, paragraph (1) (including the cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (4) of the same Article), Article 33-2, paragraph (1), Article 34, paragraph (1), Article 35, paragraph (1), Article 36, paragraph (1), Article 37, paragraph (1) or (2), Article 39, paragraph (1), Article 40, paragraph (1) or (2), Article 41, 42, 42-2, 46 or 47 (excluding, however, in cases involving the provisions of Article 31, item (i), Article 35, paragraph (1), Article 36, paragraph (1) or Article 42, reproductions of cinematographic works (including, in the case of works reproduced in cinematographic works, reproductions of such cinematographic works; the same shall apply below in this Article)) may be offered to the public by transferring ownership of the reproductions made pursuant to these provisions.The foregoing, however, shall not apply where the ownership of reproductions of Works made pursuant to the provisions of Article 31, item (i), Article 33-2, paragraph (1), Article 35, paragraph (1), Article 41, 42 or 42-2 (excluding, however, in cases involving the provisions of Article 31, item (i), Article 33-2, paragraph (1), Article 35, paragraph (1) or Article 42, copies of cinematographic works) is transferred to the public for purposes other than those provided for in Article 31, item (i), Article 35, paragraph (1), Article 41, 42 or 42-2.
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(出所の明示)
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(Clear indication of source)
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第四十八条次の各号に掲げる場合には、当該各号に規定する著作物の出所を、その複製又は利用の態様に応じ合理的と認められる方法及び程度により、明示しなければならない。
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Article 48(1)In each of the cases listed in the items below, the source of the work as provided for in such item must be clearly indicated in the manner and to the extent deemed reasonable in light of the manner of the reproduction and/or exploitation:
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一第三十二条、第三十三条第一項(同条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)、第三十三条の二第一項、第三十七条第一項、第四十二条又は第四十七条の規定により著作物を複製する場合
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(i)where reproduction of works is made pursuant to the provisions of Article 32, Article 33, paragraph (1) (including the case where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (4) of the same Article), Article 33-2, paragraph (1), Article 37, paragraph (1) or Article 42 or Article 47;
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二第三十四条第一項、第三十七条第三項、第三十七条の二、第三十九条第一項又は第四十条第一項若しくは第二項の規定により著作物を利用する場合
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(ii)where exploitation of works is made pursuant to the provisions of Article 34, paragraph (1), Article 37, paragraph (3), Article 37-2, Article 39, paragraph (1), or Article 40, paragraph (1) or (2);
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三第三十二条の規定により著作物を複製以外の方法により利用する場合又は第三十五条、第三十六条第一項、第三十八条第一項、第四十一条若しくは第四十六条の規定により著作物を利用する場合において、その出所を明示する慣行があるとき。
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(iii)where exploitation of works, by means other than by reproduction, is made pursuant to the provisions of Article 32, or where exploitation of works is made pursuant to the provisions of Article 35, Article 36, paragraph (1), Article 38, paragraph (1), or Article 41 or 46, if, in each case, standard practice so requires.
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(複製物の目的外使用等)
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(Uses, etc. of reproductions for other purposes)
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第四十九条次に掲げる者は、第二十一条の複製を行つたものとみなす。
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Article 49(1)The following person shall be deemed to have made a reproduction as provided for in Article 21:
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一第三十条第一項、第三十一条第一号、第三十三条の二第一項、第三十五条第一項、第三十七条第三項、第四十一条から第四十二条の二まで又は第四十四条第一項若しくは第二項に定める目的以外の目的のために、これらの規定の適用を受けて作成された著作物の複製物を頒布し、又は当該複製物によつて当該著作物を公衆に提示した者
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(i)a person who either (a) distributed reproductions of works made pursuant to, but for purposes other than those provided for in, the provisions of Article 30, paragraph (1), Article 31, item (i), Article 33-2, paragraph (1), Article 35, paragraph (1), Article 37, paragraph (3), or Articles 41 to 42-2, or Article 44, paragraph (1) or (2), or (b) made available to the public works through such reproductions;
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二第四十四条第三項の規定に違反して同項の録音物又は録画物を保存した放送事業者又は有線放送事業者
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(ii)a broadcasting organization or wire-broadcasting organization which preserved ephemeral recordings in violation of the provisions of Article 44, paragraph (3);
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三第四十七条の二第一項の規定の適用を受けて作成された著作物の複製物(次項第二号の複製物に該当するものを除く。)若しくは第四十七条の三第一項若しくは第二項の規定の適用を受けて同条第一項若しくは第二項に規定する内蔵記録媒体以外の記録媒体に一時的に記録された著作物の複製物を頒布し、又はこれらの複製物によつてこれらの著作物を公衆に提示した者
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(iii)a person who either (a) distributed reproductions of works made pursuant to the provisions of Article 47-2, paragraph (1) (excluding, however, reproductions falling within those provided for in item (ii) of the next paragraph) or reproductions of works recorded ephemerally in a memory other than the built-in memory as provided in Article 47-3, paragraph (1) or (2) pursuant to the provisions of Article 47-3, paragraph (1) or (2), or (b) made these works available to the public through these reproductions;
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四第四十七条の二第二項又は第四十七条の三第三項の規定に違反してこれらの規定の複製物(次項第二号の複製物に該当するものを除く。)を保存した者
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(iv)a person who preserved these prescribed reproductions in violation of the provisions set forth in Article 47-2, paragraph (2) or Article 47-3, paragraph (3) (excluding, however, reproductions falling within those provided for in item (ii) of the next paragraph).
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一第三十条第一項、第三十一条第一号、第三十五条、第三十七条第三項、第四十一条又は第四十二条に定める目的以外の目的のために、第四十三条の規定の適用を受けて同条第一号若しくは第二号に掲げるこれらの規定に従い作成された二次的著作物の複製物を頒布し、又は当該複製物によつて当該二次的著作物を公衆に提示した者
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(i)a person who either (a) distributed reproductions of derivative works made pursuant to the provisions of Article 30, paragraph (1), Article 31, item (i), Article 35, Article 37, paragraph (3), or Article 41 or 42, by virtue of the application of the provisions of Article 43, item (i) or (ii), or (b) made such derivative works available to the public through such reproductions, in each case, for purposes other than those provided for in the aforementioned provisions;
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二第四十七条の二第一項の規定の適用を受けて作成された二次的著作物の複製物を頒布し、又は当該複製物によつて当該二次的著作物を公衆に提示した者
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(ii)a person who either [(a)] distributed reproductions of a derivative work made pursuant to the provision of Article 47-2, paragraph (1), or [(b)] made such derivative work available to the public through such reproductions;
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三第四十七条の二第二項の規定に違反して前号の複製物を保存した者
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(iii)a person who preserves reproductions set forth in the preceding item in violation of the provisions of Article 47-2, paragraph (2).
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(著作者人格権との関係)
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(Relationship with moral rights of author)
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第五十条この款の規定は、著作者人格権に影響を及ぼすものと解釈してはならない。
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Article 50The provisions of this Subsection shall not be construed as affecting the moral rights of an author.
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第四節 保護期間
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Section 4 Term of Protection
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(保護期間の原則)
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(In general)
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第五十一条著作権の存続期間は、著作物の創作の時に始まる。
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Article 51(1)The duration of a copyright shall begin at the time of the creation of the work.
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(2)Unless otherwise provided in this Section, the copyright shall continue to subsist until the end of the fifty year period following the death of the author (or in the case of a work of joint authorship, following the death of the last surviving co-author; the same shall apply in paragraph (1) of the next Article).
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(無名又は変名の著作物の保護期間)
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(Term of protection for anonymous or pseudonymous works)
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第五十二条無名又は変名の著作物の著作権は、その著作物の公表後五十年を経過するまでの間、存続する。ただし、その存続期間の満了前にその著作者の死後五十年を経過していると認められる無名又は変名の著作物の著作権は、その著作者の死後五十年を経過したと認められる時において、消滅したものとする。
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Article 52(1)The copyright in an anonymous or pseudonymous work shall continue to subsist until the end of the fifty year period following the making public of the work; provided, however, that if the fifty year period following the death of the work's author is found to have ended before the expiration of said fifty year period following the making public of the work, then the copyright in such work shall be deemed to expire at the time found to be the end of the fifty year period following the death of said work's author.
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一変名の著作物における著作者の変名がその者のものとして周知のものであるとき。
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(i)where the pseudonym adopted by the author with respect to a pseudonymous work is widely known as that of the author;
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二前項の期間内に第七十五条第一項の実名の登録があつたとき。
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(ii)where, within the period set forth in the preceding paragraph, the author causes his true name to be registered pursuant to the provisions of Article 75, paragraph (1);
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三著作者が前項の期間内にその実名又は周知の変名を著作者名として表示してその著作物を公表したとき。
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(iii)where, within the period set forth in the preceding paragraph, the author makes public his work on which he indicates his true name or a widely known pseudonym of his, as the name of the author.
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(団体名義の著作物の保護期間)
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(Term of protection for works under the name of a corporate body)
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第五十三条法人その他の団体が著作の名義を有する著作物の著作権は、その著作物の公表後五十年(その著作物がその創作後五十年以内に公表されなかつたときは、その創作後五十年)を経過するまでの間、存続する。
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Article 53(1)The copyright in a work bearing the name of a juridical person or other corporate body as that of its author [including a work which does not bear any name as the name of its author but which, if made public, would bear the name of a juridical person or other corporate body as the name of its author] shall continue to subsist until the end of the fifty year period following the making public of the work, or if the work is not made public within the fifty year period following its creation, then until the end of the fifty year period following said work's creation.
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(2)The provisions set forth in the preceding paragraph shall not apply where, within the period set forth in the preceding paragraph, an individual who is the author of a work bearing the name of a juridical person or other corporate body as the name of its author, makes public the work on which he indicates his true name or a widely known pseudonym of his, as the name of the author.
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(3)With respect to the duration of a copyright in a work the authorship of which is attributed to a juridical person or other corporate body pursuant to the provisions of Article 15, paragraph (2), the provisions of paragraph (1) shall apply even to a work which does not qualify as a work dealt with in paragraph (1), as if such work bore the name of such corporate body as that of its author.
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(映画の著作物の保護期間)
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(Term of protection for cinematographic works)
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第五十四条映画の著作物の著作権は、その著作物の公表後七十年(その著作物がその創作後七十年以内に公表されなかつたときは、その創作後七十年)を経過するまでの間、存続する。
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Article 54(1)The copyright in a cinematographic work shall continue to subsist until the end of the seventy year period following the making public of the work, or if the work has not been made public within the seventy year period following its creation, then until the end of the seventy year period following the work's creation.
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(2)When the copyright in a cinematographic work expires by reason of the expiration of its duration, the copyright in the original work [with respect to which said cinematographic work is a derivative work], as far as the exploitation of said cinematographic work is concerned, shall be deemed to also expire [at the time of the expiration of the copyright in said cinematographic work].
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(継続的刊行物等の公表の時)
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(Time when serial publications, etc. are made public)
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第五十六条第五十二条第一項、第五十三条第一項及び第五十四条第一項の公表の時は、冊、号又は回を追つて公表する著作物については、毎冊、毎号又は毎回の公表の時によるものとし、一部分ずつを逐次公表して完成する著作物については、最終部分の公表の時によるものとする。
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Article 56(1)The time when a work is made public for the purposes of Article 52, paragraph (1), Article 53, paragraph (1), and Article 54, paragraph (1), shall be, [(a)] in the case of a work made public in successive volumes, issues or installments, at the time when each volume, issue or installment is made public, and [(b)] in the case of a work gradually made public in parts, at the time when its last part is made public.
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(保護期間の計算方法)
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(Calculation of the term of protection)
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第五十七条第五十一条第二項、第五十二条第一項、第五十三条第一項又は第五十四条第一項の場合において、著作者の死後五十年、著作物の公表後五十年若しくは創作後五十年又は著作物の公表後七十年若しくは創作後七十年の期間の終期を計算するときは、著作者が死亡した日又は著作物が公表され若しくは創作された日のそれぞれ属する年の翌年から起算する。
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Article 57In the case of Article 51, paragraph (2), Article 52, paragraph (1), Article 53, paragraph (1), and Article 54, paragraph (1), when determining the end of the fifty year period following the death of the author, the end of the fifty year period following either the making public of a work or the creation of a work, as well as the end of the seventy year period following either the making public of a work or the creation of a work, calculation shall be made from the beginning of the year following the year in which the death of the author, the making public of the work or the creation of the work, as the case may be, occurred.
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(保護期間の特例)
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(Special provisions for the term of protection)
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第五十八条文学的及び美術的著作物の保護に関するベルヌ条約により創設された国際同盟の加盟国、著作権に関する世界知的所有権機関条約の締約国又は世界貿易機関の加盟国である外国をそれぞれ文学的及び美術的著作物の保護に関するベルヌ条約、著作権に関する世界知的所有権機関条約又は世界貿易機関を設立するマラケシュ協定の規定に基づいて本国とする著作物(第六条第一号に該当するものを除く。)で、その本国において定められる著作権の存続期間が第五十一条から第五十四条までに定める著作権の存続期間より短いものについては、その本国において定められる著作権の存続期間による。
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Article 58If the country of origin of a work (other than a work with respect to which Article 6, item (i) is applicable) is a foreign state which is a member of the International Union established by the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, a contracting party to the WIPO Copyright Treaty or a member state of the World Trade Organization pursuant to the provisions of the Berne Convention, the WIPO Treaty or the Marrakech Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, as the case may be, and if the duration of the copyright therein granted by that country of origin is shorter than that provided for in Articles 51 to 54, then the duration of the copyright shall be that granted by said country of origin.
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第五節 著作者人格権の一身専属性等
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Section 5 Personal Nature of Moral Rights of Author, etc.
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(著作者人格権の一身専属性)
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(Personal nature of moral rights of author)
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第五十九条著作者人格権は、著作者の一身に専属し、譲渡することができない。
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Article 59The moral rights of author shall be personal and exclusive to the author and cannot be transferred.
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(著作者が存しなくなつた後における人格的利益の保護)
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(Protection of moral interests after author's death)
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第六十条著作物を公衆に提供し、又は提示する者は、その著作物の著作者が存しなくなつた後においても、著作者が存しているとしたならばその著作者人格権の侵害となるべき行為をしてはならない。ただし、その行為の性質及び程度、社会的事情の変動その他によりその行為が当該著作者の意を害しないと認められる場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 60Even after the death of the author, no person who offers or makes available a work to the public may commit an act which would constitute an act of infringement upon the moral rights of author if the author were alive; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply to such act where it is found to not be against the will of the author in light of the nature and extent of the act as well as changes in social circumstances and other conditions.
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第六節 著作権の譲渡及び消滅
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Section 6 Transfer and Expiry of Copyright
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(著作権の譲渡)
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(Transfer of copyright)
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第六十一条著作権は、その全部又は一部を譲渡することができる。
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Article 61(1)A copyright may be transferred in whole or in part.
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(相続人の不存在の場合等における著作権の消滅)
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(Termination of copyright in the absence of heirs, etc.)
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第六十二条著作権は、次に掲げる場合には、消滅する。
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Article 62(1)A copyright shall terminate in the following cases:
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一著作権者が死亡した場合において、その著作権が民法(明治二十九年法律第八十九号)第九百五十九条(残余財産の国庫への帰属)の規定により国庫に帰属すべきこととなるとき。
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(i)where, upon the author's death, the copyright escheats to the National Treasury pursuant to the provisions of Article 959 (Escheatment of Remaining Assets to National Treasury) of the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896);
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二著作権者である法人が解散した場合において、その著作権が民法第七十二条第三項(残余財産の国庫への帰属)その他これに準ずる法律の規定により国庫に帰属すべきこととなるとき。
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(ii)where, upon the dissolution of a juridical person who is the copyright holder, the copyright escheats to the National Treasury pursuant to the provisions of Article 72, paragraph (3) (Escheatment of Remaining Assets to National Treasury) of the Civil Code or the provisions of other equivalent Acts.
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第七節 権利の行使
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Section 7 Exercise of Rights
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(著作物の利用の許諾)
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(Authorization to exploit works)
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第六十三条著作権者は、他人に対し、その著作物の利用を許諾することができる。
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Article 63(1)The copyright holder may authorize another person to exploit the work which is the subject of his copyright.
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(5)The provisions of Article 23, paragraph (1) shall not apply to the making transmittable of a work by a person who has obtained authorization to make a work transmittable pursuant to paragraph (1), to the extent the making transmittable of such work is made repeatedly or by means of another automatic public transmission server in the manner and to the extent so authorized; provided, however, that such manner and/or extent do not deal with the frequency of the making transmittable of such work or with the automatic public transmission server to be utilized for the making transmittable of such work.
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(共同著作物の著作者人格権の行使)
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(Exercise of moral rights of co-authors)
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第六十四条共同著作物の著作者人格権は、著作者全員の合意によらなければ、行使することができない。
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Article 64(1)The moral rights of co-authors of a work of joint authorship may not be exercised without the unanimous agreement of all co-authors.
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(共有著作権の行使)
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(Exercise of joint copyright)
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第六十五条共同著作物の著作権その他共有に係る著作権(以下この条において「共有著作権」という。)については、各共有者は、他の共有者の同意を得なければ、その持分を譲渡し、又は質権の目的とすることができない。
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Article 65(1)A co-holder of a copyright in a work of joint authorship or of any other co-owned copyright (hereinafter in this Article referred to as "joint copyright") may not transfer or pledge his share without the consent of the other co-holders.
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(質権の目的となつた著作権)
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(Copyright which is the subject of a pledge)
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第六十六条著作権は、これを目的として質権を設定した場合においても、設定行為に別段の定めがない限り、著作権者が行使するものとする。
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Article 66(1)The copyright holder shall be entitled to exercise the copyright even when a pledge has been established thereon, unless otherwise provided by the act of establishment.
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(2)A pledge on a copyright may also be exercised on the money or any other thing to be received by the copyright holder in connection with the transfer of said copyright or the exploitation of the work which is the subject of the copyright (including any consideration for establishment of a right of publication); provided, however, that before payment or delivery [of the money or other thing], the right to receive the same has been attached.
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第八節 裁定による著作物の利用
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Section 8 Exploitation of Work under Ruling [for Compulsory License]
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(著作権者不明等の場合における著作物の利用)
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(Exploitation of work where the copyright holder thereof is unknown, etc.)
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第六十七条公表された著作物又は相当期間にわたり公衆に提供され、若しくは提示されている事実が明らかである著作物は、著作権者の不明その他の理由により相当な努力を払つてもその著作権者と連絡することができないときは、文化庁長官の裁定を受け、かつ、通常の使用料の額に相当するものとして文化庁長官が定める額の補償金を著作権者のために供託して、その裁定に係る利用方法により利用することができる。
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Article 67(1)When, despite reasonable efforts, it is not possible to contact the copyright holder because his identity is unknown or for other [similar] reasons, then it shall be possible to exploit, under authority of a ruling [for compulsory license] issued by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs and upon depositing, for the benefit of the copyright holder, compensation in the amount fixed by the Commissioner as corresponding to the ordinary amount of royalty therefor, a work which has been made public or a work as to which it is clear that it has been offered or made available to the public for a considerable period of time.
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(著作物の放送)
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(Broadcasting of a work)
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第六十八条公表された著作物を放送しようとする放送事業者は、その著作権者に対し放送の許諾につき協議を求めたがその協議が成立せず、又はその協議をすることができないときは、文化庁長官の裁定を受け、かつ、通常の使用料の額に相当するものとして文化庁長官が定める額の補償金を著作権者に支払つて、その著作物を放送することができる。
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Article 68(1)A broadcasting organization which wishes to broadcast a work that has already been made public may, after first requesting consultation with the work's copyright holder regarding authorization to broadcast the work and failing to reach agreement through such consultation, or when unable to enter into consultation with the work's copyright holder regarding such authorization, broadcast such work under the authority of a ruling [for compulsory license] issued by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs and upon payment to the copyright holder of compensation in the amount fixed by the Commissioner as corresponding to the ordinary amount of royalty therefor.
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(2)Works broadcasted pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph may also transmitted by wire-broadcast or automatic public transmission to be received exclusively in a Broadcasting Service Area pertaining to these broadcasts (including making a work transmittable by means of inputting information into an automatic public transmission server already connected to a telecommunications line which is provided for use by the public), or communicated to the public by means of a receiving apparatus.In such case, the person making such wire-broadcast, automatic public transmission or communication to the public must pay to the copyright holder compensation in an amount corresponding to the ordinary amount of royalty therefor, except in the case where the provisions of Article 38, paragraph (2) or (3) are applicable.
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(商業用レコードへの録音等)
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(Recording, etc. on a commercial phonogram)
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第六十九条商業用レコードが最初に国内において販売され、かつ、その最初の販売の日から三年を経過した場合において、当該商業用レコードに著作権者の許諾を得て録音されている音楽の著作物を録音して他の商業用レコードを製作しようとする者は、その著作権者に対し録音又は譲渡による公衆への提供の許諾につき協議を求めたが、その協議が成立せず、又はその協議をすることができないときは、文化庁長官の裁定を受け、かつ、通常の使用料の額に相当するものとして文化庁長官が定める額の補償金を著作権者に支払つて、当該録音又は譲渡による公衆への提供をすることができる。
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Article 69When a commercial phonogram has been sold for the first time in this country and three years have passed from the date of the first sale of such commercial phonogram, a person wishing to make a sound recording of a musical work recorded on such phonogram with the authorization of such musical work's copyright holder and to thereby manufacture a different commercial phonogram may, after first requesting consultation with the music work's copyright holder regarding authorization to make a sound recording of such work or to offer such sound recording to the public and failing to reach agreement through such consultation, or when unable to enter into consultation with the work's copyright holder, make such sound recording or offer such sound recording to the public by transfer of ownership under the authority of a ruling [for compulsory license] issued by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs and upon payment to the copyright holder of compensation in the amount fixed by the Commissioner as corresponding to the ordinary amount of royalty therefor.
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(裁定に関する手続及び基準)
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(Procedures and standards for a ruling [for compulsory license])
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第七十条第六十七条第一項、第六十八条第一項又は前条の裁定の申請をする者は、実費を勘案して政令で定める額の手数料を納付しなければならない。
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Article 70(1)Applicants for a ruling [for compulsory license] provided for in Article 67, paragraph (1), Article 68, paragraph (1) or the preceding Article shall pay an application fee, the amount of which shall be fixed by Cabinet Order taking into account the actual costs thereof.
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(2)The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not apply to cases where the person who would [otherwise] be required to pay the application fee pursuant to the provisions of said paragraph is the State or an independent administrative agency designated by Cabinet Order by taking into consideration the nature of its business or other circumstances (in Article 78, paragraph (5) and Article 107, paragraph (2), collectively referred to as "the State, etc.").
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(3)Upon receipt of an application for a ruling [for compulsory license] provided for in Article 68, paragraph (1) or the preceding Article, the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs shall notify the copyright holder concerned of such application and afford him an opportunity to state his opinion within a reasonable period of time specified by the Commissioner.
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(4)Upon receipt of an application for a ruling [for compulsory license] provided for in Article 67, paragraph (1), Article 68, paragraph (1) or the preceding Article, the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs shall not issue such a ruling [for compulsory license] when he finds that any of the following items applies:
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一著作者がその著作物の出版その他の利用を廃絶しようとしていることが明らかであるとき。
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(i)that it is clear that the author has the intention to forever cease the publication or other exploitation of his work; or
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二第六十八条第一項の裁定の申請に係る著作権者がその著作物の放送の許諾を与えないことについてやむを得ない事情があるとき。
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(ii)that unavoidable circumstances will not permit the copyright holder whose work is the subject of the application for a ruling [for compulsory license] provided for in Article 68, paragraph (1) to give the authorization to broadcast said work.
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(5)When, as per the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs intends to not issue the ruling [for compulsory license], it shall give advance notice to the applicant of its reasons for such refusal and afford the applicant an opportunity to explain his case and furnish evidence in support thereof. When [finally] making the decision to refuse to issue a ruling [for compulsory license], the Commissioner shall notify the applicant of such denial, in writing, accompanied by the reasons therefor.
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(6)Upon issuance of the ruling [for compulsory license] provided for in Article 67, paragraph (1), the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs shall give public notice thereof in the Official Gazette and at the same time, notify the applicant of such issuance. Upon issuance of the ruling [for compulsory license] provided for in Article 68, paragraph (1) or the preceding Article, the Commissioner shall notify the parties concerned of such issuance.
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第九節 補償金
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Section 9 Compensation
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(文化審議会への諮問)
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(Consultation with the Council for Cultural Affairs)
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第七十一条文化庁長官は、第三十三条第二項(同条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)、第三十三条の二第二項、第六十七条第一項、第六十八条第一項又は第六十九条の補償金の額を定める場合には、文化審議会に諮問しなければならない。
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Article 71When fixing the amount of compensation provided for in Article 33, paragraph (2) (including the case where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (4) of the same Article), Article 33-2, paragraph (2), Article 67, paragraph (1), Article 68, paragraph (1), and Article 69, the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs shall consult with the Council for Cultural Affairs.
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(補償金の額についての訴え)
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(Action with respect to the amount of compensation fixed)
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第七十二条第六十七条第一項、第六十八条第一項又は第六十九条の規定に基づき定められた補償金の額について不服がある当事者は、これらの規定による裁定があつたことを知つた日から六月以内に、訴えを提起してその額の増減を求めることができる。
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Article 72(1)Concerned parties who are dissatisfied with the amount of compensation fixed pursuant to the provisions of Article 67, paragraph (1), Article 68, paragraph (1) or Article 69 may, within six months of learning that a ruling [for compulsory license] has been issued in accordance with such provisions, bring an action for an increase or decrease of the amount of compensation.
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(補償金の額についての異議申立ての制限)
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(Limitations on objections to the amount of compensation fixed)
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第七十三条第六十七条第一項、第六十八条第一項又は第六十九条の規定による裁定についての行政不服審査法(昭和三十七年法律第百六十号)による異議申立てにおいては、その裁定に係る補償金の額についての不服をその裁定についての不服の理由とすることができない。ただし、第六十七条第一項の裁定を受けた者が著作権者の不明その他これに準ずる理由により前条第一項の訴えを提起することができない場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 73In an objection raised under the Administrative Dissatisfaction Inspection Act (Act No. 160 of 1962) to a ruling [for compulsory license] issued pursuant to the provisions of Article 67, paragraph (1), Article 68, paragraph (1) or Article 69, dissatisfaction with the amount of the compensation fixed shall not constitute a reason for dissatisfaction with the issuance of the ruling [for compulsory license]; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply in the case where the person who obtains a ruling [for compulsory license] provided for in Article 67, paragraph (1) is unable to bring an action provided for in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article because the identity of the copyright holder is unknown or for other equivalent reasons.
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(補償金の供託)
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(Deposit of compensation)
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第七十四条第三十三条第二項(同条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)、第三十三条の二第二項、第六十八条第一項又は第六十九条の補償金を支払うべき者は、次に掲げる場合には、その補償金の支払に代えてその補償金を供託しなければならない。
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Article 74(1)In any of the following cases, a person who is required to pay the compensation provided for in Article 33, paragraph (2) (including the case where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (4) of the same Article), Article 33-2, paragraph (2), Article 68, paragraph (1) or Article 69 shall, instead of paying the compensation [to the copyright holder], deposit said compensation:
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一著作権者が補償金の受領を拒み、又は補償金を受領することができない場合
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(i)where the copyright holder refuses or is unable to receive the compensation;
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二その者が過失がなくて著作権者を確知することができない場合
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(ii)where, without negligence on the part of said person, the copyright holder cannot be ascertained;
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三その者がその補償金の額について第七十二条第一項の訴えを提起した場合
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(iii)where said person brings an action provided for in Article 72, paragraph (1) with respect to the amount of the compensation;
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四当該著作権を目的とする質権が設定されている場合(当該質権を有する者の承諾を得た場合を除く。)
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(iv)where a pledge has been established on the copyright (except in the case where authorization has been obtained from the pledgee).
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(2)In the case of item (iii) of the preceding paragraph, at the request of the copyright holder, the person who is required to pay the compensation shall pay [to the copyright holder] an amount based upon his own estimate and deposit the difference between his estimated amount and the amount of compensation fixed in the ruling [for compulsory license].
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(3)The deposit of the compensation pursuant to the provisions of Article 67, paragraph (1) or the preceding two paragraphs shall be made (a) with the deposit office nearest to the domicile or residence of the copyright holder in the event that said copyright holder is domiciled or maintains a residence at a known address in this country, or (b) in all other cases, with the deposit office nearest to the domicile or the residence of the depositor, as the case may be.
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(4)The person who has made a deposit pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall promptly notify the copyright holder of the fact of said deposit.The foregoing, however, shall not apply in the case where the depositor is unable to notify the copyright holder because the identity of the copyright holder is unknown or for other [similar] reasons.
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第十節 登録
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Section 10 Registration
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(実名の登録)
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(Registration of true name)
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第七十五条無名又は変名で公表された著作物の著作者は、現にその著作権を有するかどうかにかかわらず、その著作物についてその実名の登録を受けることができる。
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Article 75(1)The author of a work that is made public, anonymously or pseudonymously, may have his true name registered with respect to said work, regardless of whether he actually owns the copyright therein.
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(第一発行年月日等の登録)
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(Registration of the date of first publication, etc.)
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第七十六条著作権者又は無名若しくは変名の著作物の発行者は、その著作物について第一発行年月日の登録又は第一公表年月日の登録を受けることができる。
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Article 76(1)The copyright holder [of any work], as well as the publisher of an anonymous or pseudonymous work, may have registered said work's date of first publication or the date when the work was first made public.
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(創作年月日の登録)
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(Registration of the date of creation)
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第七十六条の二プログラムの著作物の著作者は、その著作物について創作年月日の登録を受けることができる。ただし、その著作物の創作後六月を経過した場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 76-2(1)The author of a computer program work may have the date of the creation of his computer program work registered.The foregoing, however, shall not apply where six months have passed since the creation of said work.
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(著作権の登録)
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(Registration of copyright)
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第七十七条次に掲げる事項は、登録しなければ、第三者に対抗することができない。
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Article 77Unless registered, the matters set forth in the following items may not be asserted against a third party:
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一著作権の移転(相続その他の一般承継によるものを除く。次号において同じ。)又は処分の制限
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(i)the transfer (other than by inheritance or other universal successions; the same shall apply in the next item) of the copyright or a restriction on the disposal of the copyright;
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二著作権を目的とする質権の設定、移転、変更若しくは消滅(混同又は著作権若しくは担保する債権の消滅によるものを除く。)又は処分の制限
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(ii)the establishment, transfer, modification or termination of the pledge on a copyright (other than termination by reason of merger or by reason of the termination of the copyright or the claim secured by the pledge), or a restriction on the disposal of a pledge established on the copyright.
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(登録手続等)
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(Procedures, etc. for registration)
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第七十八条第七十五条第一項、第七十六条第一項、第七十六条の二第一項又は前条の登録は、文化庁長官が著作権登録原簿に記載して行う。
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Article 78(1)The registrations provided for in Article 75, paragraph (1), Article 76, paragraph (1), Article 76-2, paragraph (1) and the preceding Article are accomplished by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs' entry [of the relevant matters] in the copyright registry.
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(6)The provisions of Chapters II and III of the Administrative Procedure Act (Act No. 88 of 1993) shall not apply to measures taken in connection with registrations provided for in paragraph (1).
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8著作権登録原簿及びその附属書類に記録されている保有個人情報(行政機関の保有する個人情報の保護に関する法律(平成十五年法律第五十八号)第二条第三項に規定する保有個人情報をいう。)については、同法第四章の規定は、適用しない。
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(8)The provisions of Chapter IV of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information Held by Administrative Organs (Act No. 58 of 2003) shall not apply to government-possessed personal information recorded in the copyright registry and the documents annexed thereto. The term "government-possessed personal information" means such information as provided for in Article 2, paragraph (3) of said Act.
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(プログラムの著作物の登録に関する特例)
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(Special provisions for the registration of a computer program work)
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第七十八条の二プログラムの著作物に係る登録については、この節の規定によるほか、別に法律で定めるところによる。
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Article 78-2In addition to those matters provided for in this Section, other matters pertaining to the registration of computer program works shall be provided by other Acts.
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第三章 出版権
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Chapter III Right of Publication
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(出版権の設定)
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(Establishment of the right of publication)
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第七十九条第二十一条に規定する権利を有する者(以下この章において「複製権者」という。)は、その著作物を文書又は図画として出版することを引き受ける者に対し、出版権を設定することができる。
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Article 79(1)The holder of the right provided for in Article 21 (in this Chapter referred to as "the holder of right of reproduction") may establish a right of publication in favor of a person who undertakes to publish the work in a document or picture.
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(出版権の内容)
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(Subject matter of the right of publication)
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第八十条出版権者は、設定行為で定めるところにより、頒布の目的をもつて、その出版権の目的である著作物を原作のまま印刷その他の機械的又は化学的方法により文書又は図画として複製する権利を専有する。
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Article 80(1)The holder of a right of publication shall, for the purpose of distribution and as provided by the act of establishment, possess the exclusive right to reproduce the original of the work with respect to which the right of publication has been established, without change and in a document or a picture, by means of printing or other mechanical or chemical processes.
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(2)If [(a)] the author of the subject work dies within the duration of the right of publication or [(b)] unless otherwise provided by the act of establishment, three years have passed since the first publication following the establishment of the right of publication, the holder of the right of reproduction may, notwithstanding the provisions set forth in the preceding paragraph, reproduce the work in compilations, such as complete collections, comprised only of the works of the same author.
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(出版の義務)
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(Obligation of publication)
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第八十一条出版権者は、その出版権の目的である著作物につき次に掲げる義務を負う。ただし、設定行為に別段の定めがある場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 81Unless otherwise provided by the act of establishment,the holder of the right of publication shall have the following obligations:
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一複製権者からその著作物を複製するために必要な原稿その他の原品又はこれに相当する物の引渡しを受けた日から六月以内に当該著作物を出版する義務
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(i)the obligation to publish the work within six months of the date of receiving, from the holder of the right of reproduction, manuscripts or other originals or other equivalent items that are necessary for the reproduction of the work; and
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二当該著作物を慣行に従い継続して出版する義務
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(ii)the obligation to publish the work continuously in conformity with business practice.
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(著作物の修正増減)
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(Revision and/or additions or deletions of work)
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第八十二条著作者は、その著作物を出版権者があらためて複製する場合には、正当な範囲内において、その著作物に修正又は増減を加えることができる。
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Article 82(1)In the case of a new reproduction made by the holder of the right of publication, the author may, to the extent reasonable, make revisions, and additions or deletions, to his work.
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(出版権の存続期間)
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(Duration of the right of publication)
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第八十三条出版権の存続期間は、設定行為で定めるところによる。
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Article 83(1)The duration of the right of publication shall be as stipulated by the act of establishment [of said right of publication].
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(出版権の消滅の請求)
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(Right to terminate the right of publication)
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第八十四条出版権者が第八十一条第一号の義務に違反したときは、複製権者は、出版権者に通知してその出版権を消滅させることができる。
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Article 84(1)When the holder of the right of publication is in breach of his obligation under Article 81, item (i), the holder of the right of reproduction may terminate said right of publication by notice to the holder thereof.
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(2)When the holder of the right of publication is in breach of his obligation under Article 81, item (ii), the holder of right of reproduction may terminate said right of publication by notice to the holder thereof in the event that despite demand by the holder of the right of reproduction for the holder of the right of publication to perform [its said obligation] within a period established by the holder of the right of reproduction (which period must be three months or more), performance is not made within said period.
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(3)When the substance of a work has become incompatible with the views of the author who is also the holder of the right of reproduction, he may, by notice to the owner of the right of publication, terminate the right of publication in order to effect the permanent cessation of the publication of the work; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply unless said author compensates the holder of the right of publication, in advance, for any damages that ordinarily arise as a result of the permanent cessation of publication.
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(出版権の制限)
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(Limitation on the right of publication)
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第八十六条第三十条第一項、第三十一条、第三十二条、第三十三条第一項(同条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)、第三十三条の二第一項、第三十四条第一項、第三十五条第一項、第三十六条第一項、第三十七条第一項、第三十九条第一項、第四十条第一項及び第二項、第四十一条から第四十二条の二まで、第四十六条並びに第四十七条の規定は、出版権の目的となつている著作物の複製について準用する。この場合において、第三十五条第一項及び第四十二条第一項中「著作権者」とあるのは、「出版権者」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 86(1)The provisions of Article 30, paragraph (1), Articles 31 and 32, Article 33, paragraph (1) (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the provision of paragraph (4) of the same Article), Article 33-2, paragraph (1), Article 34, paragraph (1), Article 35, paragraph (1), Article 36, paragraph (1), Article 37, paragraph (1), Article 39, paragraph (1), Article 40, paragraphs (1) and (2), Articles 41 to 42-2, and Article 46 and Article 47 shall apply mutatis mutandis to the reproduction of works with respect to which the right of publication has been established.In these cases, the term "the copyright holder" in Article 35, paragraph (1) and Article 42, paragraph (1) shall be deemed to be replaced with "the holder of the right of publication".
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(2)The person who, for purposes other than those provided for in Article 30, paragraph (1), Article 31, item (i), Article 33-2, paragraph (1), Article 35, paragraph (1), Article 41, 42 or 42-2, as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the preceding paragraph, distributes reproductions of a work which have been made by virtue of the application of said provisions or makes said work available to the public by distributing said reproductions, shall be deemed to have made reproductions as provided for in Article 80, paragraph (1).
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(出版権の譲渡等)
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(Transfer, etc. of the right of publication)
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第八十七条出版権は、複製権者の承諾を得た場合に限り、譲渡し、又は質権の目的とすることができる。
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Article 87The right of publication may be transferred or pledged only with the authorization of the holder of the right of reproduction.
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(出版権の登録)
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(Registration of the right of publication)
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第八十八条次に掲げる事項は、登録しなければ、第三者に対抗することができない。
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Article 88(1)Unless registered, the matters set forth in the following items may not be asserted against a third party:
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一出版権の設定、移転(相続その他の一般承継によるものを除く。次号において同じ。)、変更若しくは消滅(混同又は複製権の消滅によるものを除く。)又は処分の制限
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(i)the establishment, transfer (other than by inheritance or other universal successions; the same shall apply in the next item), modification or termination (other than termination by reason of merger, or because of the termination of the right of reproduction), or a restriction on disposal of the right of publication;
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二出版権を目的とする質権の設定、移転、変更若しくは消滅(混同又は出版権若しくは担保する債権の消滅によるものを除く。)又は処分の制限
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(ii)the establishment, transfer, modification or termination of a pledge on a right of publication (other than termination by reason of merger of the pledge, or because of the termination of the right of publication or the claim secured thereby), or a restriction on disposal of the pledge established on the right of publication.
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(2)The provisions of Article 78 (except for paragraph (2) thereof) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the registration set forth in the preceding paragraph.In such case, the term "the copyright registry" in Article 78, paragraphs (1), (3), (7) and (8) shall be deemed to be replaced with "the registry of the right of publication".
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第四章 著作隣接権
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Chapter IV Neighboring Rights
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第一節 総則
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Section 1 General Provisions
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(著作隣接権)
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(Neighboring rights)
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第八十九条実演家は、第九十条の二第一項及び第九十条の三第一項に規定する権利(以下「実演家人格権」という。)並びに第九十一条第一項、第九十二条第一項、第九十二条の二第一項、第九十五条の二第一項及び第九十五条の三第一項に規定する権利並びに第九十四条の二及び第九十五条の三第三項に規定する報酬並びに第九十五条第一項に規定する二次使用料を受ける権利を享有する。
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Article 89(1)The performer shall enjoy the rights provided for in Article 90-2, paragraph (1) and Article 90-3, paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as "moral rights of performer") and the rights provided for in Article 91, paragraph (1), Article 92, paragraph (1), Article 92-2, paragraph (1), Article 95-2, paragraph (1) and Article 95-3, paragraph (1), as well as the right to remuneration provided for in Article 94-2 and Article 95-3, paragraph (3) and secondary use fees as provided for in Article 95, paragraph (1).
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(2)The producer of a phonogram shall enjoy the rights provided for in Articles 96 and 96-2, Article 97-2, paragraph (1) and Article 97-3, paragraph (1), as well as the right to secondary use fees provided for in Article 97, paragraph (1) and the right to remuneration provided for in Article 97-3, paragraph (3).
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(著作者の権利と著作隣接権との関係)
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(Relationship between the rights of authors and neighboring rights)
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第九十条この章の規定は、著作者の権利に影響を及ぼすものと解釈してはならない。
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Article 90The provisions of this Chapter shall not be construed as affecting the rights of authors.
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第二節 実演家の権利
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Section 2 Rights of Performer
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(氏名表示権)
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(Right to indicate name)
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第九十条の二実演家は、その実演の公衆への提供又は提示に際し、その氏名若しくはその芸名その他氏名に代えて用いられるものを実演家名として表示し、又は実演家名を表示しないこととする権利を有する。
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Article 90-2(1)When a performer's performance is offered or made available to the public, the performer shall have the right to determine whether his name, his stage name or any other alternative to his name should be indicated as the name of the performer, or whether the name of the performer is to be indicated at all.
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(3)It shall be permissible to omit any indication of the name of the performer where, in light of the purpose and the manner of exploitation of a performance, it is determined that there is no risk of harming the interests of the performer to assert that he is the performer of his performance or that such omission is compatible with fair practice.
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一行政機関情報公開法、独立行政法人等情報公開法又は情報公開条例の規定により行政機関の長、独立行政法人等又は地方公共団体の機関若しくは地方独立行政法人が実演を公衆に提供し、又は提示する場合において、当該実演につき既にその実演家が表示しているところに従つて実演家名を表示するとき。
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(i)if the name of the performer is indicated in the same manner as already adopted by the performer when his performance is offered or made available to the public by the head of a government organization, by an incorporated administrative agency, etc. or by an organ of a local public entity or a local incorporated administrative agency pursuant to the provisions of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act, the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act or Information Disclosure Ordinances;
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二行政機関情報公開法第六条第二項の規定、独立行政法人等情報公開法第六条第二項の規定又は情報公開条例の規定で行政機関情報公開法第六条第二項の規定に相当するものにより行政機関の長、独立行政法人等又は地方公共団体の機関若しくは地方独立行政法人が実演を公衆に提供し、又は提示する場合において、当該実演の実演家名の表示を省略することとなるとき。
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(ii)if the name of the performer is to be omitted at the time that his performance is offered or made available to the public by the head of an administrative organ, by an incorporated administrative agency, etc. or by an organ of a local public entity or a local incorporated administrative agency pursuant to the provisions of Article 6, paragraph (2) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act, the provisions of Article 6, paragraph (2) of the Incorporated Administrative Agencies, etc. Information Disclosure Act or the provisions of the Information Disclosure Ordinances equivalent to those of Article 6, paragraph (2) of the Administrative Organs Information Disclosure Act.
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(同一性保持権)
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(Right to preserve integrity)
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第九十条の三実演家は、その実演の同一性を保持する権利を有し、自己の名誉又は声望を害するその実演の変更、切除その他の改変を受けないものとする。
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Article 90-3(1)The performer shall have the right to preserve the integrity of his performance against any distortion, mutilation or other modification that would harm his honor or reputation.
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(録音権及び録画権)
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(Right to make sound or visual recordings)
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第九十一条実演家は、その実演を録音し、又は録画する権利を専有する。
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Article 91(1)The performer shall have the exclusive right to make sound or visual recordings of his performance.
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(2)The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not apply to sound or visually recorded performances which have been incorporated into cinematographic works with the authorization of the person entitled to the right provided for in the preceding paragraph, except where such recorded performances are to be incorporated into sound recordings (excluding, however, those sound recordings intended to be replayed exclusively with images).
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(放送権及び有線放送権)
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(Right to broadcast and right to wire-broadcast)
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第九十二条実演家は、その実演を放送し、又は有線放送する権利を専有する。
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Article 92(1)The performer shall have the exclusive rights to broadcast and to wire-broadcast his performance.
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一放送される実演を有線放送する場合
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(i)in the case of a wire-broadcast of a broadcasted performance;
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二次に掲げる実演を放送し、又は有線放送する場合
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(ii)in the case of a broadcast or a wire-broadcast of the following performances:
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イ前条第一項に規定する権利を有する者の許諾を得て録音され、又は録画されている実演
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(a)sound or visually recorded performances made with the authorization of the person entitled to the right provided for in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article;
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ロ前条第二項の実演で同項の録音物以外の物に録音され、又は録画されているもの
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(b)sound or visually recorded performances provided for in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, excluding, however, the sound recordings provided for in said paragraph.
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(送信可能化権)
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(Right to make transmittable)
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第九十二条の二実演家は、その実演を送信可能化する権利を専有する。
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Article 92-2(1)The performer shall have the exclusive right to make his performance transmittable.
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一第九十一条第一項に規定する権利を有する者の許諾を得て録画されている実演
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(i)visually recorded performances made with the authorization of the person entitled to the right provided for in Article 91, paragraph (1);
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二第九十一条第二項の実演で同項の録音物以外の物に録音され、又は録画されているもの
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(ii)sound or visually recorded performances provided for in Article 91, paragraph (2), excluding, however, the sound recordings provided for in said paragraph.
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(放送のための固定)
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(Fixation for broadcast purposes)
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第九十三条実演の放送について第九十二条第一項に規定する権利を有する者の許諾を得た放送事業者は、その実演を放送のために録音し、又は録画することができる。ただし、契約に別段の定めがある場合及び当該許諾に係る放送番組と異なる内容の放送番組に使用する目的で録音し、又は録画する場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 93(1)A broadcasting organization which has obtained authorization from the person entitled to the right to broadcast provided for in Article 92, paragraph (1) to broadcast a performance may make sound or visual recordings of such performance for the purpose of broadcasting the same; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply where contractually otherwise provided or where the sound or visual recording is to be used for the purpose of broadcasting a program different in contents from the program authorized for broadcasting.
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一前項の規定により作成された録音物又は録画物を放送の目的以外の目的又は同項ただし書に規定する目的のために使用し、又は提供した者
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(i)a person who used or offered a sound or visual recording made pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph (a) for a purpose other than broadcasting said recording, or (b) for the purpose provided for in the proviso to the same paragraph;
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二前項の規定により作成された録音物又は録画物の提供を受けた放送事業者で、これらをさらに他の放送事業者の放送のために提供したもの
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(ii)a broadcasting organization which has been offered a sound or visual recording made pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph and which re-offered the same to another broadcasting organization for rebroadcasting by the latter.
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(放送のための固定物等による放送)
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(Broadcast of fixation, etc. made for broadcast purposes)
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第九十四条第九十二条第一項に規定する権利を有する者がその実演の放送を許諾したときは、契約に別段の定めがない限り、当該実演は、当該許諾に係る放送のほか、次に掲げる放送において放送することができる。
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Article 94(1)Unless contractually otherwise provided, when the person entitled to the right provided for in Article 92, paragraph (1) authorizes the broadcast of the performance, the performance may be broadcasted not only in the broadcast so authorized, but in the following broadcasts as well:
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一当該許諾を得た放送事業者が前条第一項の規定により作成した録音物又は録画物を用いてする放送
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(i)a broadcast which uses sound or visual recordings made pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, by a broadcasting organization which has obtained said authorization;
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二当該許諾を得た放送事業者からその者が前条第一項の規定により作成した録音物又は録画物の提供を受けてする放送
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(ii)a broadcast which [(a)] uses sound or visual recordings made by the broadcasting organization which has obtained said authorization pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, and [(b)] is supplied by such broadcasting organization;
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三当該許諾を得た放送事業者から当該許諾に係る放送番組の供給を受けてする放送(前号の放送を除く。)
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(iii)a broadcast (other than the broadcast set forth in the preceding item) which uses authorized programs supplied by the broadcasting organization which has obtained said authorization.
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(2)When broadcasting a performance in a broadcast provided for in any of the items of the preceding paragraph, the broadcasting organization provided for in said item shall pay a reasonable amount of remuneration for said performance to the person entitled to the right provided for in Article 92, paragraph (1).
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(放送される実演の有線放送)
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(Wire-broadcasting of a broadcasted performance)
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第九十四条の二有線放送事業者は、放送される実演を有線放送した場合(営利を目的とせず、かつ、聴衆又は観衆から料金(いずれの名義をもつてするかを問わず、実演の提示につき受ける対価をいう。次条第一項において同じ。)を受けない場合を除く。)には、当該実演(著作隣接権の存続期間内のものに限り、第九十二条第二項第二号に掲げるものを除く。)に係る実演家に相当な額の報酬を支払わなければならない。
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Article 94-2When a wire-broadcasting organization has wire-broadcasted a broadcasted performance (excluding when for non-profit-making purposes and if no fees are charged to the audience or spectators ("fees" includes consideration of any kind whatsoever for the making available of the performance; the same shall apply in paragraph (1) of the next Article)), the organization shall pay a reasonable amount of remuneration to the performers whose performance (only, however, to the extent of the duration of the neighboring rights, excluding those described in Article 92, paragraph (2) item (ii)) is incorporated in such wire-broadcast.
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(商業用レコードの二次使用)
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(Secondary use of commercial phonograms)
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第九十五条放送事業者及び有線放送事業者(以下この条及び第九十七条第一項において「放送事業者等」という。)は、第九十一条第一項に規定する権利を有する者の許諾を得て実演が録音されている商業用レコードを用いた放送又は有線放送を行つた場合(営利を目的とせず、かつ、聴衆又は観衆から料金を受けずに、当該放送を受信して同時に有線放送を行つた場合を除く。)には、当該実演(第七条第一号から第六号までに掲げる実演で著作隣接権の存続期間内のものに限る。次項から第四項までにおいて同じ。)に係る実演家に二次使用料を支払わなければならない。
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Article 95(1)When a broadcasting organization or wire-broadcasting organization (below in this Article and in Article 97, paragraph (1) referred to as "broadcasting organization, etc.") broadcasts or wire-broadcasts using commercial phonograms incorporating a sound recording of the [subject] performance, which sound recording has been made with the authorization of the person entitled to the right as provided for in Article 91, paragraph (1) (excluding when for non-profit-making purposes and if no fees are charged to the audience or spectators and the wire-broadcasts is made simultaneously with reception of such broadcasts), it shall pay secondary use fees to the performer of said performance (only, however, to the extent of the duration of the neighboring rights for performances provided for in Article 7, items (i) to (vi); the same shall apply in the next paragraph through paragraph (4)).
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(2)As far as the Contracting States of the Convention for the Protection of Performers, etc. are concerned, the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply to a performer whose performance is fixed in a phonogram the producer of which is a national of a country which is a Contracting State, other than a Contracting State which, pursuant to the provisions of Article 16 (1) (a) (i) of said Convention, has declared that it will not apply the provisions of Article 12 of said Convention.
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(3)With respect to a phonogram provided for in Article 8, item (i), when the term of protection granted by a contracting state to the Convention for the Protection of Performers, etc. pursuant to Article 12 of the Convention is shorter than the period of protection enjoyed by a performer under the provisions of paragraph (1), the term of protection to be enjoyed pursuant to said paragraph by a performer whose performance is fixed in a phonogram the producer of which is a national of said Contracting State shall correspond to the term of protection which, pursuant to the provisions of Article 12 of said Convention, is granted by said contracting state with respect to phonograms provided for in Article 8, item (i).
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(4)In the case of a performer whose performance is fixed in a phonogram the producer of which is a national of a country [(a)] which is a contracting state to the WPPT (excluding, however, a contracting state to the Convention for the Protection of Performers, etc.) and [(b)] which has made certain reservations pursuant to the provisions of Article 15 (3) of the WPPT, the provisions of paragraph (1) shall apply, within the limitations of the reservations so made.
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(5)When there exists an association (including a federation of associations) composed of a considerable number of professional performers doing business in this country, which the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs designates, with the consent of such association, to have the right to receive the secondary use fees provided for in the paragraph (1), then such right shall be exercised exclusively through such association.
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一営利を目的としないこと。
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(i)that it is not established for profit-making purposes;
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二その構成員が任意に加入し、又は脱退することができること。
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(ii)that its members may freely join and withdraw;
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三その構成員の議決権及び選挙権が平等であること。
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(iii)that its members are granted equal rights to vote and to elect;
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四第一項の二次使用料を受ける権利を有する者(以下この条において「権利者」という。)のためにその権利を行使する業務をみずから的確に遂行するに足りる能力を有すること。
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(iv)that it has sufficient ability to perform properly by itself the business of exercising the rights to receive secondary use fees provided for in paragraph (1) for its respective holders (below in this Article referred to as "the rightholders").
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(9)As may be provided by Cabinet Order, the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs may require that the association set forth in paragraph (5) report on its business concerning the secondary use fees provided for in paragraph (1), request the submission of accounting books, documents and other materials, and/or make necessary recommendations for improving the manner of the execution of said association's business.
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(10)The amount of the secondary use fee which the association set forth in paragraph (5) may demand on behalf of the rightholder pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) shall be fixed each year by consultation between said association and [each of] the broadcasting organizations, etc. or federation of the broadcasting organizations, etc.
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(11)If the consultation set forth in the preceding paragraph does not result in an agreement, the parties concerned may, as provided by Cabinet Order, request that the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs issue a ruling [for compulsory license] fixing the amount of the secondary use fees provided for in the preceding paragraph.
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(12)The provisions of Article 70, paragraphs (3), (6) and (7), as well as those of Articles 71 to 74, shall apply mutatis mutandis to the ruling [for compulsory license] and the secondary use fees provided for in the preceding paragraph.In such case, the term "the copyright holder" in Article 70, paragraph (3) shall be deemed to be replaced with "the parties concerned", the term "the exploiter of the work" in Article 72, paragraph (2) shall be deemed to be replaced with "broadcasting organizations, etc. provided for in Article 95, paragraph (1)", the term "the copyright holder" in the same paragraph shall be deemed to be replaced with "the association provided for in paragraph (5) of the same Article", and the term "the copyright holder" in Article 74 shall be deemed to be replaced with "the association provided for in Article 95, paragraph (5)".
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13私的独占の禁止及び公正取引の確保に関する法律(昭和二十二年法律第五十四号)の規定は、第十項の協議による定め及びこれに基づいてする行為については、適用しない。ただし、不公正な取引方法を用いる場合及び関連事業者の利益を不当に害することとなる場合は、この限りでない。
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(13)The provisions of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (Act No. 54 of 1947) shall not apply to the determination resulting from the consultation provided for in paragraph (10) and to the acts done on the basis of such determination; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply where unfair trade practices are used or where application of the foregoing would unreasonably harm the interests of businesses concerned.
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(譲渡権)
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(Right to transfer ownership)
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第九十五条の二実演家は、その実演をその録音物又は録画物の譲渡により公衆に提供する権利を専有する。
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Article 95-2(1)The performer shall have the exclusive right to offer his performance to the public by transferring ownership of sound or visual recordings of his performance.
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一第九十一条第一項に規定する権利を有する者の許諾を得て録画されている実演
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(i)visually recorded performances produced with the authorization of the person entitled to the right provided for in Article 91, paragraph (1);
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二第九十一条第二項の実演で同項の録音物以外の物に録音され、又は録画されているもの
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(ii)sound or visually recorded performances provided for in Article 91, paragraph (2), other than the sound recordings provided for in said paragraph.
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(3)The provisions of paragraph (1) shall not apply when the offer is by transferring of ownership of a sound or visual recording of a performance (except for those performances listed in each of the items in the preceding paragraph; the same shall apply below in this Article), where any of the following items are applicable to such sound or visual recording:
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一第一項に規定する権利を有する者又はその許諾を得た者により公衆に譲渡された実演の録音物又は録画物
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(i)a sound or visual recording of a performance the ownership of which recording has been transferred to the public by the person entitled to the right provided for in paragraph (1) or by a person with authorization from such person;
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二第一項に規定する権利を有する者又はその承諾を得た者により特定かつ少数の者に譲渡された実演の録音物又は録画物
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(ii)a sound or visual recording of a performance the ownership of which recording has been transferred to a small number of specific persons by the person entitled to the right provided for in paragraph (1) or by a person with authorization from such person;
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三国外において、第一項に規定する権利に相当する権利を害することなく、又は同項に規定する権利に相当する権利を有する者若しくはその承諾を得た者により譲渡された実演の録音物又は録画物
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(iii)a sound or visual recording of a performance the ownership of which recording has been transferred, outside this country, (a) without prejudice to rights equivalent to that provided for in paragraph (1), or (b) by the person entitled to a right equivalent to that provided for in said paragraph or by a person with authorization from such person.
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(貸与権等)
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(Right of rental, etc.)
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第九十五条の三実演家は、その実演をそれが録音されている商業用レコードの貸与により公衆に提供する権利を専有する。
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Article 95-3(1)The performer shall have the exclusive right to offer his performance to the public by rental of a commercial phonogram in which his performance has been sound recorded.
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(2)The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not apply when the offering is by rental of a commercial phonogram after the period established by Cabinet Order (which shall be one month or more, but not more than twelve months, from the day of the first sale of such phonogram) (including another phonogram all reproductions of which have contents identical to those of said commercial phonogram; hereinafter referred to as "post-period commercial phonograms").
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(3)Where a person who engages in the business of the rental of commercial phonograms to the public (hereinafter referred to as "commercial phonograms renters") offers a performance to the public by rental of post-period commercial phonograms, he shall pay a reasonable amount of remuneration to the performer whose performance (to the extent within the duration of the neighboring rights therein) is incorporated in such phonogram.
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(4)The provisions of Article 95, paragraphs (5) to (14) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the right to receive remuneration provided for in the preceding paragraph.In such case, the term "broadcasting organizations, etc." throughout paragraph (10) of the same Article and "broadcasting organizations, etc. provided for in Article 95, paragraph (1)" throughout paragraph (12) of the same Article shall be deemed to be replaced with "commercial phonograms renters provided for in Article 95-3, paragraph (3)".
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第三節 レコード製作者の権利
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Section 3 Rights of Producer of Phonograms
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(複製権)
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(Right of reproduction)
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第九十六条レコード製作者は、そのレコードを複製する権利を専有する。
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Article 96The producer of a phonogram shall have the exclusive right to reproduce his phonogram.
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(送信可能化権)
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(Right to make transmittable)
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第九十六条の二レコード製作者は、そのレコードを送信可能化する権利を専有する。
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Article 96-2The producer of a phonogram shall have the exclusive right to make his phonogram transmittable.
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(商業用レコードの二次使用)
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(Secondary use of commercial phonograms)
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第九十七条放送事業者等は、商業用レコードを用いた放送又は有線放送を行つた場合(営利を目的とせず、かつ、聴衆又は観衆から料金(いずれの名義をもつてするかを問わず、レコードに係る音の提示につき受ける対価をいう。)を受けずに、当該放送を受信して同時に有線放送を行つた場合を除く。)には、そのレコード(第八条第一号から第四号までに掲げるレコードで著作隣接権の存続期間内のものに限る。)に係るレコード製作者に二次使用料を支払わなければならない。
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Article 97(1)When a broadcasting organization, etc. broadcasts or wire-broadcasts using a commercial phonogram (excluding when for non-profit-making purposes and if no fees are charged to the audience or spectators ("fees" includes consideration of any kind whatsoever received for the making available of the sounds from phonograms) and the wire-broadcast is made simultaneously with reception of such broadcast), it shall pay secondary use fees to the producer of said phonogram (to the extent that said phonogram falls under any of items (i) to (iv) of Article 8 and to the extent that the duration of the neighboring rights therein has yet to expire) which has been so broadcasted or wire-broadcasted.
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(2)The provisions of Article 95, paragraphs (2) and (4) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the producer of a phonogram provided for in the preceding paragraph, and the provisions of paragraph (3) of the same Article shall apply mutatis mutandis to the term of protection provided for in the preceding paragraph.In such case, the term "a performer whose performance is fixed in a phonogram the producer of which is a national" in paragraphs (2) to (4) of the same Article shall be deemed to be replaced with "a producer of a phonogram who is a national", and the term "the period of protection enjoyed by a performer" in paragraph (3) of the same Article shall be deemed to be replaced with "the period of protection enjoyed by a producer of a phonogram".
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(3)Where there exists an association (including a federation of associations) which is composed of a considerable number of producers of phonograms doing business in this country which the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs designates, with the consent of such association, to have the right to receive the secondary use fees provided for in the paragraph (1), then such right shall be exercised exclusively through such association.
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(譲渡権)
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(Right to transfer ownership)
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第九十七条の二レコード製作者は、そのレコードをその複製物の譲渡により公衆に提供する権利を専有する。
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Article 97-2(1)The producer of a phonogram shall have the exclusive right to offer his phonogram to the public by transferring ownership of reproductions of his phonogram.
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一前項に規定する権利を有する者又はその許諾を得た者により公衆に譲渡されたレコードの複製物
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(i)a reproduction of a phonogram the ownership of which has been transferred to the public by the person entitled to the right provided for in the preceding paragraph or by a person with authorization from such person;
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二前項に規定する権利を有する者又はその承諾を得た者により特定かつ少数の者に譲渡されたレコードの複製物
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(ii)a reproduction of a phonogram the ownership of which has been transferred to a small number of specific persons by the holder of the right provided for in the preceding paragraph or by a person with authorization from the holder of said right;
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三国外において、前項に規定する権利に相当する権利を害することなく、又は同項に規定する権利に相当する権利を有する者若しくはその承諾を得た者により譲渡されたレコードの複製物
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(iii)a reproduction of a phonogram the ownership of which has been transferred, outside this country, (a) without prejudice to rights equivalent to that provided for in the preceding paragraph, or (b) by the person entitled to a right equivalent to that provided for in said paragraph or by a person with authorization from such person.
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(貸与権等)
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(Right of rental, etc.)
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第九十七条の三レコード製作者は、そのレコードをそれが複製されている商業用レコードの貸与により公衆に提供する権利を専有する。
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Article 97-3(1)The producer of a phonogram shall have the exclusive right to offer his phonogram to the public by rental of a commercial phonogram in which his phonogram has been reproduced.
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(3)When a commercial phonograms renter has offered a phonogram to the public by rental of a post-period commercial phonogram, he shall pay a reasonable amount of remuneration to the producer whose phonogram (to the extent that the duration of the neighboring rights therein has yet to expire) has been so offered to the public.
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(5)The provisions of Article 95, paragraphs (6) to (14) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the remuneration provided for in paragraph (3) of this Article and to the associations provided for in Article 97, paragraph (3), which are applied mutatis mutandis in the preceding paragraph.In such case, the provisions of the second sentence of Article 95-3, paragraph (4) shall apply mutatis mutandis.
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(6)The right to receive royalty with respect to the authorization given by the person entitled to the right provided for in paragraph (1) of this Article may be exercised through the association provided for in Article 97, paragraph (3), which is applied mutatis mutandis in paragraph (4) of this Article.
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第四節 放送事業者の権利
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Section 4 Rights of Broadcasting Organization
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(複製権)
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(Right of reproduction)
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第九十八条放送事業者は、その放送又はこれを受信して行なう有線放送を受信して、その放送に係る音又は影像を録音し、録画し、又は写真その他これに類似する方法により複製する権利を専有する。
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Article 98A broadcasting organization shall have the exclusive right to make sound or visual recordings and/or otherwise reproduce by means of photography or other similar processes, the sounds or images incorporated in its broadcast following reception of the broadcast or the wire-broadcast made following reception of the broadcast.
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(再放送権及び有線放送権)
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(Right to rebroadcast and right to wire-broadcast)
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第九十九条放送事業者は、その放送を受信してこれを再放送し、又は有線放送する権利を専有する。
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Article 99(1)A broadcasting organization shall have the exclusive right to rebroadcast and to wire-broadcast its broadcast following reception thereof.
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(送信可能化権)
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(Right to make transmittable)
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第九十九条の二放送事業者は、その放送又はこれを受信して行う有線放送を受信して、その放送を送信可能化する権利を専有する。
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Article 99-2The broadcasting organization shall have the exclusive right to make transmittable its broadcasts following reception thereof or of wire-broadcasts made following reception of said broadcasts.
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(テレビジョン放送の伝達権)
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(Right to transmit television broadcasts)
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第百条放送事業者は、そのテレビジョン放送又はこれを受信して行なう有線放送を受信して、影像を拡大する特別の装置を用いてその放送を公に伝達する権利を専有する。
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Article 100A broadcasting organization shall have the exclusive right to transmit its broadcasts to the public, by use of special equipment to enlarge images, following reception of its television broadcasts or its wire-broadcasts made following reception of said broadcasts.
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第五節 有線放送事業者の権利
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Section 5 Rights of Wire-Broadcasting Organization
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(複製権)
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(Right of reproduction)
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第百条の二有線放送事業者は、その有線放送を受信して、その有線放送に係る音又は影像を録音し、録画し、又は写真その他これに類似する方法により複製する権利を専有する。
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Article 100-2A wire-broadcasting organization shall have the exclusive right to make sound or visual recordings of, or otherwise reproduce by means of photography or other similar processes, the sounds or images incorporated in its wire-broadcasts, following reception of said wire-broadcasts.
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(放送権及び再有線放送権)
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(Right to broadcast and right to wire-broadcast)
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第百条の三有線放送事業者は、その有線放送を受信してこれを放送し、又は再有線放送する権利を専有する。
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Article 100-3A wire-broadcasting organization shall have the exclusive right to broadcast and to re-wire-broadcast its wire-broadcasts following reception thereof.
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(送信可能化権)
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(Right to make transmittable)
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第百条の四有線放送事業者は、その有線放送を受信してこれを送信可能化する権利を専有する。
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Article 100-4A wire-broadcasting organization shall have the exclusive right to make its wire-broadcasts transmittable following reception of such wire-broadcasts.
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(有線テレビジョン放送の伝達権)
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(Right to transmit television wire-broadcasts)
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第百条の五有線放送事業者は、その有線テレビジョン放送を受信して、影像を拡大する特別の装置を用いてその有線放送を公に伝達する権利を専有する。
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Article 100-5A wire-broadcasting organization shall have the exclusive right to transmit its wire-broadcasts to the public, by use of special equipment to enlarge images, following reception of its television wire-broadcasts.
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第六節 保護期間
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Section 6 Term of Protection
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(実演、レコード、放送又は有線放送の保護期間)
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(Term of protection for performances, phonograms, broadcasts and wire-broadcasts)
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第百一条著作隣接権の存続期間は、次に掲げる時に始まる。
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Article 101(1)The duration of neighboring rights shall begin at the following moments in time:
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一実演に関しては、その実演を行つた時
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(i)for a performance, when the performance took place;
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二レコードに関しては、その音を最初に固定した時
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(ii)for a phonogram, when the first fixation of sounds was made;
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三放送に関しては、その放送を行つた時
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(iii)for a broadcast, when the broadcast took place;
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四有線放送に関しては、その有線放送を行つた時
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(iv)for a wire-broadcast, when the wire-broadcast took place.
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一実演に関しては、その実演が行われた日の属する年の翌年から起算して五十年を経過した時
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(i)for a performance, the passage of fifty years commencing with the year immediately following the year when the performance took place;
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二レコードに関しては、その発行が行われた日の属する年の翌年から起算して五十年(その音が最初に固定された日の属する年の翌年から起算して五十年を経過する時までの間に発行されなかつたときは、その音が最初に固定された日の属する年の翌年から起算して五十年)を経過した時
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(ii)for a phonogram, the passage of fifty years commencing with the year immediately following the year when its publication occurred, or when publication has not been made by the end of the period of fifty years commencing with the year immediately following the year when the first fixation of sound was made, then the passage of fifty years commencing with the year immediately following the year when the first fixation of sound occurred;
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三放送に関しては、その放送が行われた日の属する年の翌年から起算して五十年を経過した時
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(iii)for a broadcast, the passage of fifty years commencing with the year immediately following the year when the broadcast took place;
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四有線放送に関しては、その有線放送が行われた日の属する年の翌年から起算して五十年を経過した時
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(iv)for a wire-broadcast, the passage of fifty years starting with the year immediately following the year when the wire-broadcast took place.
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第七節 実演家人格権の一身専属性等
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Section 7 Personal Nature of Moral Rights of Performer, etc.
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(実演家人格権の一身専属性)
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(Personal nature of moral rights of performer)
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第百一条の二実演家人格権は、実演家の一身に専属し、譲渡することができない。
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Article 101-2The moral rights of performer shall be personal and exclusive to the performer and cannot be transferred.
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(実演家の死後における人格的利益の保護)
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(Protection of the moral interests after the performer's death)
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第百一条の三実演を公衆に提供し、又は提示する者は、その実演の実演家の死後においても、実演家が生存しているとしたならばその実演家人格権の侵害となるべき行為をしてはならない。ただし、その行為の性質及び程度、社会的事情の変動その他によりその行為が当該実演家の意を害しないと認められる場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 101-3Even after the death of the performer, no person who offers or makes available a performance to the public may commit any act which would infringe upon the moral rights of performer if the performer were alive; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply to such act where it is found to not be against the will of the performer in light of the nature and extent of the act as well as changes in social circumstances and other conditions.
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第八節 権利の制限、譲渡及び行使等並びに登録
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Section 8 Limitations, Transfer, Exercise and Registration of Rights
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(著作隣接権の制限)
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(Limitations on neighboring rights)
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第百二条第三十条第一項、第三十一条、第三十二条、第三十五条、第三十六条、第三十七条第三項、第三十八条第二項及び第四項、第四十一条から第四十二条の二まで、第四十四条(第二項を除く。)並びに第四十七条の三の規定は、著作隣接権の目的となつている実演、レコード、放送又は有線放送の利用について準用し、第三十条第二項及び第四十七条の四の規定は、著作隣接権の目的となつている実演又はレコードの利用について準用し、第四十四条第二項の規定は、著作隣接権の目的となつている実演、レコード又は有線放送の利用について準用する。この場合において、同条第一項中「第二十三条第一項」とあるのは「第九十二条第一項、第九十九条第一項又は第百条の三」と、第四十四条第二項中「第二十三条第一項」とあるのは「第九十二条第一項又は第百条の三」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 102(1)(a) The provisions of Article 30, paragraph (1), Articles 31, 32, 35 and 36, Article 37, paragraph (3), Article 38, paragraphs (2) and (4), and Articles 41 to 42-2, Article 44 (other than paragraph (2) thereof) and Article 47-3 shall apply mutatis mutandis to the exploitation of performances, phonograms, broadcasts or wire-broadcasts which are the subject matter of neighboring rights; (b) the provisions of Article 30, paragraph (2) and Article 47-4 shall apply mutatis mutandis to the exploitation of performances or phonograms which are the subject matter of neighboring rights; and the provisions of Article 44, paragraph (2) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the exploitation of performances, phonograms or wire-broadcasts which are the subject matter of neighboring rights.In such case, the term "Article 23, paragraph (1)" in Article 44, paragraph (1) shall be deemed to be replaced with "Article 92, paragraph (1), Article 99, paragraph (1) or Article 100-3", and the term "Article 23, paragraph (1)" in Article 44, paragraph (2) shall be deemed to be replaced with "Article 92, paragraph (1) or Article 100-3".
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(2)Where reproduction is made of performances, phonograms, or sounds or images of broadcasts or wire-broadcasts (hereinafter collectively referred to as "performance, etc.") pursuant to the provisions of Article 32, Article 37, paragraph (3) or Article 42, as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the preceding paragraph, the source of the same must, where it is customary to indicate the source thereof, be clearly indicated in the manner and to the extent deemed reasonable in light of the character of the reproduction.
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(3)Broadcasted performances which are the subject matter of neighboring rights may be made transmittable (limited to making a work transmittable by means of inputting information into an automatic public transmission server already connected to a telecommunications line which is provided for use by the public) exclusively for being received in a Broadcasting Service Area pertaining to these broadcasts.Provided, however, the foregoing shall not apply in the case where it is likely to prejudice to the rights of a person who has the right as provided for in Article 99-2 with respect to such broadcast.
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(4)A person who makes a performance transmittable pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall pay a reasonable amount of compensation to a person entitled to a right provided in Article 92-2, paragraph (1) with respect to such performance, except in the case where the provisions of Article 38, paragraph (2) are applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (1).
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(6)Where it is permissible to broadcast or wire-broadcast works pursuant to the provisions of Article 39, paragraph (1) or Article 40, paragraph (1) or (2), it shall be permissible to wire-broadcast the broadcasts or wire-broadcasts of such works, or to transmit such broadcasts or wire-broadcasts to the public by use of special equipment to enlarge images, with reception of such broadcasts or wire-broadcasts, or to make the broadcasts of such works transmittable (limited to making a work transmittable by means of inputting information into an automatic public transmission server already connected to a telecommunications line which is provided for use by the public) for the purpose of being received exclusively in a Broadcasting Service Area pertaining to these broadcasts simultaneously with reception of such broadcasts.
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一第一項において準用する第三十条第一項、第三十一条第一号、第三十五条第一項、第三十七条第三項、第四十一条から第四十二条の二まで又は第四十四条第一項若しくは第二項に定める目的以外の目的のために、これらの規定の適用を受けて作成された実演等の複製物を頒布し、又は当該複製物によつて当該実演、当該レコードに係る音若しくは当該放送若しくは有線放送に係る音若しくは影像を公衆に提示した者
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(i)a person who, for purposes other than those provided for in Article 30, paragraph (1), Article 31, item (i), Article 35, paragraph (1), Article 37, paragraph (3), Article 41, 42 or 42-2, or Article 44, paragraph (1) or (2), as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (1) of this Article, distributes those reproductions of performance, etc. which have been made by virtue of the application of said provisions or makes available to the public said performances, the sounds from said phonograms, or the sounds or images from said broadcasts or wire-broadcasts, by broadcasting said reproductions;
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二第一項において準用する第四十四条第三項の規定に違反して同項の録音物又は録画物を保存した放送事業者又は有線放送事業者
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(ii)a broadcasting organization or a wire-broadcasting organization which preserves the sound or visual recordings set forth in Article 44, paragraph (3), as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (1) of this Article, in violation of the provisions of said Article 44, paragraph (3).
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三第一項において準用する第四十七条の三第一項若しくは第二項の規定の適用を受けて同条第一項若しくは第二項に規定する内蔵記録媒体以外の記録媒体に一時的に記録された実演等の複製物を頒布し、又は当該複製物によつて当該実演、当該レコードに係る音若しくは当該放送若しくは有線放送に係る音若しくは影像を公衆に提示した者
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(iii)A person who distributed reproductions of performances, etc. that were recorded ephemerally on a memory other than an built-in memory as provided for in Article 47-3, paragraph (1) or (2) by virtue of the application of the provisions of Article 47-3, paragraph (1) or (2) applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (1), or made available to the public such performances, the sounds from such phonograms, or the sounds or images from such broadcasts or wire-broadcasts, by such reproductions;
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四第一項において準用する第四十七条の三第三項の規定に違反して同項の複製物を保存した者
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(iv)A person who preserves reproductions set forth in Article 47-3, paragraph (3), as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (1) of this Article, in violation of the provisions of Article 47-3, paragraph (3).
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(実演家人格権との関係)
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(Relationship with moral rights of performer)
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第百二条の二前条の著作隣接権の制限に関する規定(同条第五項及び第六項の規定を除く。)は、実演家人格権に影響を及ぼすものと解釈してはならない。
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Article 102-2The provisions of the preceding Article pertaining to limitations on neighboring rights (other than the provisions of paragraphs (5) and (6) of said Article) shall not be construed to affect the moral rights of performer.
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(著作隣接権の譲渡、行使等)
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(Transfer, exercise, etc. of neighboring rights)
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第百三条第六十一条第一項の規定は著作隣接権の譲渡について、第六十二条第一項の規定は著作隣接権の消滅について、第六十三条の規定は実演、レコード、放送又は有線放送の利用の許諾について、第六十五条の規定は著作隣接権が共有に係る場合について、第六十六条の規定は著作隣接権を目的として質権が設定されている場合について、それぞれ準用する。この場合において、第六十三条第五項中「第二十三条第一項」とあるのは、「第九十二条の二第一項、第九十六条の二、第九十九条の二又は第百条の四」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 103The provisions of Article 61, paragraph (1) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the transfer of neighboring rights; the provisions of Article 62, paragraph (1) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the termination of such rights; the provisions of Article 63 shall apply mutatis mutandis to the authorization to exploit performances, phonograms, broadcasts or wire-broadcasts; the provisions of Article 65 shall apply mutatis mutandis with respect to the joint ownership of such rights; the provisions of Article 66 shall apply mutatis mutandis with respect to the case where a pledge of such rights has been established.In such case, the term "Article 23, paragraph (1)" in Article 63, paragraph (5) shall be deemed to be replaced with "Article 92-2, paragraph (1), Article 96-2, Article 99-2 or Article 100-4".
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(著作隣接権の登録)
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(Registration of neighboring rights)
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第百四条第七十七条及び第七十八条(第二項を除く。)の規定は、著作隣接権に関する登録について準用する。この場合において、同条第一項、第三項、第七項及び第八項中「著作権登録原簿」とあるのは、「著作隣接権登録原簿」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 104The provisions of Articles 77 and 78 (other than paragraph (2)) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the registration of neighboring rights.In such case, the term "the copyright registry" throughout paragraphs (1), (3), (7) and (8) of Article 78 shall be deemed to be replaced with "the registry of neighboring rights".
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第五章 私的録音録画補償金
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Chapter V Compensation for Private Sound and Visual Recordings
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(私的録音録画補償金を受ける権利の行使)
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(Exercise of the right to receive compensation for private sound and visual recordings)
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第百四条の二第三十条第二項(第百二条第一項において準用する場合を含む。以下この章において同じ。)の補償金(以下この章において「私的録音録画補償金」という。)を受ける権利は、私的録音録画補償金を受ける権利を有する者(以下この章において「権利者」という。)のためにその権利を行使することを目的とする団体であつて、次に掲げる私的録音録画補償金の区分ごとに全国を通じて一個に限りその同意を得て文化庁長官が指定するもの(以下この章において「指定管理団体」という。)があるときは、それぞれ当該指定管理団体によつてのみ行使することができる。
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Article 104-2(1)When there exists an association established for the purpose of exercising the right to receive the compensation provided for in Article 30, paragraph (2) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the provisions of Article 102, paragraph (1); the same shall apply below in this Chapter) (in this Chapter referred to below as "compensation for private sound and visual recordings") for the benefit of the persons entitled to such right (in this Chapter referred to below as "rightholders") and which, with its consent, has been designated by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs as the only association throughout the country for each of the following categories of compensation for private sound and visual recordings (in this Chapter referred to below as "the designated management association"), the right to receive compensation for private sound and visual recordings shall be exercised exclusively through each such designated management association:
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一私的使用を目的として行われる録音(専ら録画とともに行われるものを除く。以下この章において「私的録音」という。)に係る私的録音録画補償金
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(i)compensation for private sound and visual recordings, for sound recordings made for private use purposes (other than a sound recording made exclusively with a visual recording; in this Chapter referred to below as a "private sound recording");
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二私的使用を目的として行われる録画(専ら録音とともに行われるものを含む。以下この章において「私的録画」という。)に係る私的録音録画補償金
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(ii)compensation for private sound and visual recordings, for visual recordings made for private use purposes (including a visual recording made exclusively with a sound recording; in this Chapter referred to below as a "private visual recording").
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(2)In the event of a designation in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the designated management association shall have the authority, for the benefit of the rightholders and in its own name, to take all judicial and non-judicial action in connection with the right to receive the compensation for private sound and visual recordings.
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(指定の基準)
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(Standard for designation)
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第百四条の三文化庁長官は、次に掲げる要件を備える団体でなければ前条第一項の規定による指定をしてはならない。
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Article 104-3The Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs may not designate an association in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, unless such association satisfies the following requirements:
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一民法第三十四条(公益法人の設立)の規定により設立された法人であること。
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(i)that it is a juridical person established pursuant to the provisions of Article 34 (Establishment of non-profit corporations) of the Civil Code;
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二前条第一項第一号に掲げる私的録音録画補償金に係る場合についてはイ、ハ及びニに掲げる団体を、同項第二号に掲げる私的録音録画補償金に係る場合についてはロからニまでに掲げる団体を構成員とすること。
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(ii)that [(a)] in the case of the compensation for the private sound and visual recordings listed in paragraph (1), item (i) of the preceding Article, it is composed of associations listed in (a), (c) and (d) below, respectively, and [(b)] in the case of the compensation for the private sound and visual recordings listed in item (ii) of the same paragraph, it is composed of associations listed in (b), (c) and (d) below, respectively:
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イ私的録音に係る著作物に関し第二十一条に規定する権利を有する者を構成員とする団体(その連合体を含む。)であつて、国内において私的録音に係る著作物に関し同条に規定する権利を有する者の利益を代表すると認められるもの
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(a)an association (including a federation of associations) which [(a)] is composed of the persons entitled to the right provided for in Article 21 in connection with a work with respect to which a private sound recording has been made, and [(b)] is recognized as representing, in this country, the interests of the persons entitled to the right provided for in said Article in connection with a work with respect to which a private sound recording has been made;
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ロ私的録画に係る著作物に関し第二十一条に規定する権利を有する者を構成員とする団体(その連合体を含む。)であつて、国内において私的録画に係る著作物に関し同条に規定する権利を有する者の利益を代表すると認められるもの
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(b)an association (including a federation of associations) which [(a)] is composed of the persons entitled to the right provided for Article 21 in connection with a work with respect to which a private visual recording has been made, and [(b)] is recognized as representing, in this country, the interests of the persons entitled to the right provided for in said Article in connection with a work with respect to which a private visual recording has been made;
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ハ国内において実演を業とする者の相当数を構成員とする団体(その連合体を含む。)
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(c)an association (including a federation of associations) composed of a considerable number of professional performers in this country;
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ニ国内において商業用レコードの製作を業とする者の相当数を構成員とする団体(その連合体を含む。)
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(d)an association (including a federation of associations) composed of a considerable number of producers of phonograms doing business in this country;
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三前号イからニまでに掲げる団体がそれぞれ次に掲げる要件を備えるものであること。
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(iii)that each of the associations listed in (a), (b), (c) and (d) of the preceding item, respectively, satisfies the following requirements:
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イ営利を目的としないこと。
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(a)that it is not established for profit-making purposes;
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ロその構成員が任意に加入し、又は脱退することができること。
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(b)that its members may freely join and withdraw;
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ハその構成員の議決権及び選挙権が平等であること。
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(c)that its members are granted an equal rights to vote and to elect;
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四権利者のために私的録音録画補償金を受ける権利を行使する業務(第百四条の八第一項の事業に係る業務を含む。以下この章において「補償金関係業務」という。)を的確に遂行するに足りる能力を有すること。
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(iv)that it has sufficient ability to perform properly the business of exercising for rightholders the right to receive compensation for private sound and visual recordings (including the business pertaining to the activities provided for in Article 104-8, paragraph (1); in this Chapter referred to below as "the compensation-related business").
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(私的録音録画補償金の支払の特例)
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(Special provisions for payment of compensation for private sound and visual recordings)
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第百四条の四第三十条第二項の政令で定める機器(以下この章において「特定機器」という。)又は記録媒体(以下この章において「特定記録媒体」という。)を購入する者(当該特定機器又は特定記録媒体が小売に供された後最初に購入するものに限る。)は、その購入に当たり、指定管理団体から、当該特定機器又は特定記録媒体を用いて行う私的録音又は私的録画に係る私的録音録画補償金の一括の支払として、第百四条の六第一項の規定により当該特定機器又は特定記録媒体について定められた額の私的録音録画補償金の支払の請求があつた場合には、当該私的録音録画補償金を支払わなければならない。
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Article 104-4(1)A purchaser of a recording machine or a recording medium designated by the Cabinet Order set forth in Article 30, paragraph (2) (in this Chapter referred to below as a "designated recording machine" and a "designated recording medium", respectively) (limited, however, to the initial purchaser of a retailed designated recording machine or designated recording medium) shall, upon request by the relevant designated management association, at the time of purchase and as a lump-sum payment of the compensation for private sound and visual recordings to be made using said designated recording machine or designated recording medium, pay the amount fixed, pursuant to the provisions of Article 104-6, paragraph (1), as the compensation for private sound and visual recordings with respect to such designated recording machine or designated recording medium, in the event that said designated management association requests such payment.
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(2)A person who has paid the compensation for private sound and visual recordings pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph may request a refund from the designated management association of said compensation for private sound and visual recordings, by certifying that he uses such designated recording machine or designated recording medium exclusively for other than private sound and visual recording use.
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(3)The provisions of Article 30, paragraph (2) notwithstanding, a person who, by means of a designated recording machine for which payment of compensation for private sound and visual recordings has been requested pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) and paid, makes a private sound recording or a private visual recording on a designated recording medium for which payment of compensation for private sound and visual recordings has been requested pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) and paid, shall not be required to pay compensation for said private sound recording or private visual recording; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply where said designated recording machine or designated recording medium is one with respect to which the compensation for private sound and visual recordings has been refunded pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
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(製造業者等の協力義務)
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(Obligation of cooperation by manufacturers, etc.)
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第百四条の五前条第一項の規定により指定管理団体が私的録音録画補償金の支払を請求する場合には、特定機器又は特定記録媒体の製造又は輸入を業とする者(次条第三項において「製造業者等」という。)は、当該私的録音録画補償金の支払の請求及びその受領に関し協力しなければならない。
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Article 104-5Where a designated management association requests compensation for private sound and visual recordings pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, any person engaged in the business of manufacturing or importing designated recording machines or designated recording medium (in paragraph (3) of the next Article, referred to as "manufacturer, etc.") shall cooperate with the designated management association in requesting and receiving such compensation for private sound and visual recordings.
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(私的録音録画補償金の額)
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(Amount of compensation for private sound and visual recordings)
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第百四条の六第百四条の二第一項の規定により指定管理団体が私的録音録画補償金を受ける権利を行使する場合には、指定管理団体は、私的録音録画補償金の額を定め、文化庁長官の認可を受けなければならない。これを変更しようとするときも、同様とする。
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Article 104-6(1)Where a designated management association will exercise the right to receive compensation for private sound and visual recordings pursuant to the provisions of Article 104-2, paragraph (1), the designated management association must fix the amount of such compensation and obtain the approval thereof from the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs.The same shall apply when the designated management association intends to revise such amount.
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(3)When applying under paragraph (1) for approval with respect to the payment of compensation for private sound and visual recordings which it proposes to request pursuant to the provisions of Article 104-4, paragraph (1), a designated management association shall, in advance, seek the opinions of the associations of manufacturers, etc. which are recognized as representing the opinions of such manufacturers, etc.
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(4)The Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs shall not approve the amount of compensation for private sound and visual recordings applied for under paragraph (1) unless it determines that the same is an appropriate amount, taking into consideration the purpose of the provisions of Article 30, paragraph (1) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 102, paragraph (1)) and Article 104-4, paragraph (1), the ordinary amount of sound or visual recording royalties and other factors.
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(補償金関係業務の執行に関する規程)
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(Rules for execution of the compensation-related business)
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第百四条の七指定管理団体は、補償金関係業務を開始しようとするときは、補償金関係業務の執行に関する規程を定め、文化庁長官に届け出なければならない。これを変更しようとするときも、同様とする。
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Article 104-7(1)When intending to commence its compensation-related business, a designated management association shall establish rules for the execution of such business and notify the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs of such rules.The same shall apply when the designated management association intends to amend such rules.
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(2)The designated management association shall include in the rules set forth in the preceding paragraph the matters pertaining to the distribution of the compensation for private sound and visual recordings (limited to the compensation paid and received pursuant to the provisions of Article 104-4, paragraph (1)), and it shall decide the matters pertaining to such distribution by taking into consideration the purpose of the provisions of Article 30, paragraph (2).
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(著作権等の保護に関する事業等のための支出)
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(Expenditures for business activities, etc. in connection with the protection of copyrights, etc.)
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第百四条の八指定管理団体は、私的録音録画補償金(第百四条の四第一項の規定に基づき支払を受けるものに限る。)の額の二割以内で政令で定める割合に相当する額を、著作権及び著作隣接権の保護に関する事業並びに著作物の創作の振興及び普及に資する事業のために支出しなければならない。
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Article 104-8(1)Designated management associations shall spend an amount corresponding to the rate fixed by Cabinet Order which rate shall be 20% or less of the compensation for private sound and visual recordings (limited to the compensation paid and received pursuant to the provisions of Article 104-4, paragraph (1)) for business activities in connection with the protection of copyrights and neighboring rights as well as for business activities for the promotion of the creation of works and for the dissemination of works.
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(報告の徴収等)
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(Collection of reports, etc.)
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第百四条の九文化庁長官は、指定管理団体の補償金関係業務の適正な運営を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、指定管理団体に対し、補償金関係業務に関して報告をさせ、若しくは帳簿、書類その他の資料の提出を求め、又は補償金関係業務の執行方法の改善のため必要な勧告をすることができる。
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Article 104-9When he finds necessary for assuring the proper operation of a designated management association's compensation-related business, the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs may require that the designated management association report on its compensation-related business, demand the submission of accounting books, documents and other materials, or make recommendations necessary for improving the manner of execution of the compensation-related business.
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(政令への委任)
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(Delegation to Cabinet Order)
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第百四条の十この章に規定するもののほか、指定管理団体及び補償金関係業務に関し必要な事項は、政令で定める。
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Article 104-10In addition to the matters provided for in this Chapter, other necessary matters with respect to designated management associations and the compensation-related business shall be established by Cabinet Order.
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第六章 紛争処理
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Chapter VI Dispute Resolution
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(著作権紛争解決あつせん委員)
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(Conciliators for the resolution of disputes concerning copyrights)
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第百五条この法律に規定する権利に関する紛争につきあつせんによりその解決を図るため、文化庁に著作権紛争解決あつせん委員(以下この章において「委員」という。)を置く。
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Article 105(1)With the aim of resolving disputes concerning the rights provided for in this Act through mediation, the Agency for Cultural Affairs will provide conciliators for resolution of copyright disputes (in this Chapter referred to below as "conciliators").
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(あつせんの申請)
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(Application for mediation)
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第百六条この法律に規定する権利に関し紛争が生じたときは、当事者は、文化庁長官に対し、あつせんの申請をすることができる。
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Article 106When a dispute arises in connection with the rights provided for in this Act, a party concerned may apply for mediation with the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs.
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(手数料)
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(Application fee)
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第百七条あつせんの申請をする者は、実費を勘案して政令で定める額の手数料を納付しなければならない。
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Article 107(1)The applicant for mediation shall pay processing fee in an amount to be fixed by Cabinet Order, giving consideration to the actual costs thereof.
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(あつせんへの付託)
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(Submission to mediation)
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第百八条文化庁長官は、第百六条の規定に基づき当事者の双方からあつせんの申請があつたとき、又は当事者の一方からあつせんの申請があつた場合において他の当事者がこれに同意したときは、委員によるあつせんに付するものとする。
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Article 108(1)Upon application by both parties concerned pursuant to the provisions of Article 106, or where consented to by the other party, in the case of an application by one party concerned, the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs shall submit the matter for mediation by the conciliators.
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(2)In the case of an application provided for in the preceding paragraph, the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs may decide not to submit the matter to the conciliators, when he finds the nature of such case inappropriate for mediation or when he determines that the party or parties [frivolously] applied for the mediation for improper purposes.
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(あつせん)
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(Mediation)
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第百九条委員は、当事者間をあつせんし、双方の主張の要点を確かめ、実情に即して事件が解決されるように努めなければならない。
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Article 109(1)The conciliators shall endeavor to mediate between the parties concerned in order to resolve the case by confirming the points asserted by the parties and in conformity with the actual circumstances.
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(報告等)
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(Report, etc.)
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第百十条委員は、あつせんが終わつたときは、その旨を文化庁長官に報告しなければならない。
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Article 110(1)When the mediation ends, the conciliators shall report such fact to the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs.
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(2)When the conciliators discontinue the mediation pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, they shall report the fact of such discontinuation and the reasons therefor to the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs and shall at the same time notify the same to the parties concerned.
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(政令への委任)
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(Delegation to Cabinet Order)
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第百十一条この章に規定するもののほか、あつせんの手続及び委員に関し必要な事項は、政令で定める。
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Article 111In addition to the matters provided for in this Chapter, other necessary matters pertaining to the procedures for mediation and the conciliators shall be established by Cabinet Order.
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第七章 権利侵害
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Chapter VII Infringement of Rights
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(差止請求権)
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(Right to seek injunction)
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第百十二条著作者、著作権者、出版権者、実演家又は著作隣接権者は、その著作者人格権、著作権、出版権、実演家人格権又は著作隣接権を侵害する者又は侵害するおそれがある者に対し、その侵害の停止又は予防を請求することができる。
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Article 112(1)The author, the copyright holder, the holder of the right of publication, the performer, or the holder of neighboring rights may demand that persons infringing, or presenting a risk of infringing, on his moral rights of author, copyright, right of publication, or moral rights of performer or neighboring rights, as applicable, cease the infringement or not infringe, as the case may be.
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(2)When making the demand provided for in the preceding paragraph, the author, the copyright holder, the holder of the right of publication, the performer or the holder of the neighboring rights may [also] demand the taking of measures necessary to effect the cessation or prevention of the infringement, such as the destruction of objects constituting the acts of infringement, objects made by acts of infringement, and/or machines and tools used exclusively for acts of infringement.
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(侵害とみなす行為)
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(Acts deemed to constitute infringement)
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第百十三条次に掲げる行為は、当該著作者人格権、著作権、出版権、実演家人格権又は著作隣接権を侵害する行為とみなす。
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Article 113(1)The following acts are deemed to constitute acts of infringements on the moral rights of author, copyrights, rights of publication, moral rights of performer or neighboring rights, as applicable:
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一国内において頒布する目的をもつて、輸入の時において国内で作成したとしたならば著作者人格権、著作権、出版権、実演家人格権又は著作隣接権の侵害となるべき行為によつて作成された物を輸入する行為
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(i)the act of the importing, for the purpose of distribution in this country, objects made by an act which would have constituted an infringement on the moral rights of author, copyrights, rights of publication, moral rights of performer or neighboring rights had it occurred in this country at the time of importation;
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二著作者人格権、著作権、出版権、実演家人格権又は著作隣接権を侵害する行為によつて作成された物(前号の輸入に係る物を含む。)を、情を知つて、頒布し、若しくは頒布の目的をもつて所持し、又は業として輸出し、若しくは業としての輸出の目的をもつて所持する行為
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(ii)the act of distributing, or possessing for the purpose of distributing, or exporting as a business or possessing for the purpose of exporting as a business, objects made by an act infringing on the moral rights of author, copyrights, rights of publication, moral rights of performers or neighboring rights (including by an act of importation falling under the preceding item), by a person who is aware of such infringement.
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(2)The act of using on a computer in the course of one's business a reproduction made by an act infringing on the copyright of a computer program work (including a reproduction made by the owner of such reproduction pursuant to the provisions of Article 47-2, paragraph (1) as well as a reproduction of a computer program work imported by an act of importation falling under item (i) of the preceding paragraph and a reproduction made by the owner of such imported reproduction pursuant to the provisions of Article 47-2, paragraph (1)) shall be deemed to constitute an act of infringement on said copyright, to the extent that the person using such reproduction was aware of such infringement at the time that he acquired authority to use the same.
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一権利管理情報として虚偽の情報を故意に付加する行為
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(i)the act of intentionally adding false information as rights management information;
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二権利管理情報を故意に除去し、又は改変する行為(記録又は送信の方式の変換に伴う技術的な制約による場合その他の著作物又は実演等の利用の目的及び態様に照らしやむを得ないと認められる場合を除く。)
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(ii)the act of intentionally removing or modifying rights management information, excluding, however, cases where deemed unavoidable in light of the purpose and the manner of exploiting the work or performance, etc., including cases involving technological constraints accompanying the conversion of recording or transmission systems;
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三前二号の行為が行われた著作物若しくは実演等の複製物を、情を知つて、頒布し、若しくは頒布の目的をもつて輸入し、若しくは所持し、又は当該著作物若しくは実演等を情を知つて公衆送信し、若しくは送信可能化する行為
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(iii)the act of distributing, or importing or possessing for the purpose of distributing, a reproduction of a work or performance, etc. with respect to which an act provided for in the preceding two items occurred, and the act of publicly transmitting or making transmittable such work or performance, etc., in all cases, with knowledge of the fact that such act had occurred.
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(4)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the right to remuneration provided for in Article 94-2, Article 95-3, paragraph (3) or Article 97-3, paragraph (3) or the right to secondary use fees as provided for in Article 95, paragraph (1) or Article 97, paragraph (1) shall be deemed to be neighboring rights.In such case, the term "the holders of neighboring rights" in the preceding Article shall be deemed to be replaced with "the holder of neighboring rights (including the persons entitled to the rights deemed to be neighboring rights pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (4) of the next Article)", and the term "neighboring rights" in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article shall be deemed to be replaced with "neighboring rights (including the rights deemed to be neighboring rights pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (4) of the next Article)".
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5国内において頒布することを目的とする商業用レコード(以下この項において「国内頒布目的商業用レコード」という。)を自ら発行し、又は他の者に発行させている著作権者又は著作隣接権者が、当該国内頒布目的商業用レコードと同一の商業用レコードであつて、専ら国外において頒布することを目的とするもの(以下この項において「国外頒布目的商業用レコード」という。)を国外において自ら発行し、又は他の者に発行させている場合において、情を知つて、当該国外頒布目的商業用レコードを国内において頒布する目的をもつて輸入する行為又は当該国外頒布目的商業用レコードを国内において頒布し、若しくは国内において頒布する目的をもつて所持する行為は、当該国外頒布目的商業用レコードが国内で頒布されることにより当該国内頒布目的商業用レコードの発行により当該著作権者又は著作隣接権者の得ることが見込まれる利益が不当に害されることとなる場合に限り、それらの著作権又は著作隣接権を侵害する行為とみなす。ただし、国内において最初に発行された日から起算して七年を超えない範囲内において政令で定める期間を経過した国内頒布目的商業用レコードと同一の国外頒布目的商業用レコードを輸入する行為又は当該国外頒布目的商業用レコードを国内において頒布し、若しくは国内において頒布する目的をもつて所持する行為については、この限りでない。
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(5)Where the copyright holder or the holder of neighboring rights, who publishes by himself or who causes others to publish a commercial phonogram intended for distribution within this country (in this paragraph referred to below as "a commercial phonogram for domestic distribution"), publishes by himself or causes others to publish, outside this country, a commercial phonogram that is the same as said commercial phonogram for domestic distribution and [yet] which is intended for distribution exclusively outside this country (in this paragraph referred to below as "a commercial phonogram for overseas distribution"), [(a)] the act of importing such commercial phonogram for overseas distribution for the purpose of distribution within this country, [(b)] the act of distributing such commercial phonogram for overseas distribution within this country, and [(c)] the act of possessing such commercial phonogram for overseas distribution for the purpose of distributing the same within this country, in each case, by a person who knows that such commercial phonogram is for distribution outside this country, are deemed to constitute acts of infringement of the copyright or neighboring rights in such commercial phonogram, if and to the extent that such distribution, within this country, of such phonograms for overseas distribution is likely to unreasonably adversely affect the profits that could be expected to be obtained by the copyright holder or the holder of neighboring rights by publishing a commercial phonogram for domestic distribution; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply to: the act of importing a commercial phonogram for overseas distribution that is the same as a commercial phonogram for domestic distribution with respect to which the period fixed by Cabinet Order (which period shall be seven years or less) from the date of its first publication has lapsed; or the act of distributing, or possessing for the purpose of distributing, within this country, said commercial phonogram for overseas distribution.
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(善意者に係る譲渡権の特例)
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(Special provisions for the right of transfer of ownership pertaining to a third party without knowledge)
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第百十三条の二著作物の原作品若しくは複製物(映画の著作物の複製物(映画の著作物において複製されている著作物にあつては、当該映画の著作物の複製物を含む。)を除く。以下この条において同じ。)、実演の録音物若しくは録画物又はレコードの複製物の譲渡を受けた時において、当該著作物の原作品若しくは複製物、実演の録音物若しくは録画物又はレコードの複製物がそれぞれ第二十六条の二第二項各号、第九十五条の二第三項各号又は第九十七条の二第二項各号のいずれにも該当しないものであることを知らず、かつ、知らないことにつき過失がない者が当該著作物の原作品若しくは複製物、実演の録音物若しくは録画物又はレコードの複製物を公衆に譲渡する行為は、第二十六条の二第一項、第九十五条の二第一項又は第九十七条の二第一項に規定する権利を侵害する行為でないものとみなす。
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Article 113-2The act of transferring to the public the ownership of the original or a reproduction of a work (excluding a reproduction of cinematographic works, including, in the case of a work reproduced in a cinematographic work, a reproduction of a cinematographic work; the same shall apply below in this Article), a sound or visual recording of a performance or a reproduction of a phonogram by a person who, at the time of acquiring ownership of said original or reproduction of a work, sound or visual recording of a performance or reproduction of a phonogram did not know, and was not negligent in not knowing, that such original or reproduction of a work, sound or visual recording of a performance or reproduction of a phonogram did not fall under any of the items of Article 26-2, paragraph (2), Article 95-2, paragraph (3) or Article 97-2, paragraph (2), respectively, shall be deemed to not constitute an act of infringement on the rights provided for in Article 26-2, paragraph (1), Article 95-2, paragraph (1) or Article 97-2, paragraph (1), as the case may be.
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(損害の額の推定等)
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(Presumption of amount of damages, etc.)
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第百十四条著作権者、出版権者又は著作隣接権者(以下この項において「著作権者等」という。)が故意又は過失により自己の著作権、出版権又は著作隣接権を侵害した者に対しその侵害により自己が受けた損害の賠償を請求する場合において、その者がその侵害の行為によつて作成された物を譲渡し、又はその侵害の行為を組成する公衆送信(自動公衆送信の場合にあつては、送信可能化を含む。)を行つたときは、その譲渡した物の数量又はその公衆送信が公衆によつて受信されることにより作成された著作物若しくは実演等の複製物(以下この項において「受信複製物」という。)の数量(以下この項において「譲渡等数量」という。)に、著作権者等がその侵害の行為がなければ販売することができた物(受信複製物を含む。)の単位数量当たりの利益の額を乗じて得た額を、著作権者等の当該物に係る販売その他の行為を行う能力に応じた額を超えない限度において、著作権者等が受けた損害の額とすることができる。ただし、譲渡等数量の全部又は一部に相当する数量を著作権者等が販売することができないとする事情があるときは、当該事情に相当する数量に応じた額を控除するものとする。
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Article 114(1)In the case where the copyright holder, the holder of the right of publication or the holder of the neighboring rights (in this paragraph referred to below as "the copyright holder, etc.") asserts against a person who intentionally or negligently infringes upon the holder's copyright, right of publication or neighboring rights, as the case may be, a claim for compensation for damages sustained by said holder as a result of such infringement, and such infringer has transferred the ownership of the object made by way of such an act of infringement or has made a public transmission (including, in the case of an automatic public transmission, by making transmittable) constituting such an act of infringement, then the amount obtained by multiplying [(a)] the number of objects the ownership of which has been so transferred or the number of reproductions of works or performance, etc. made as a result of reception by the public of such public transmissions (in this paragraph referred to below as "the reception reproductions"), as the case may be (such number is in this paragraph referred to below as "the number transferred, etc."), by [(b)] the per unit profit of the objects (including reception reproductions) that the copyright holder, etc. could have sold had there been no such act of infringement, can be regarded as the amount of damages suffered by such copyright holder, etc., but only within the limit of the copyright holder's ability to sell or take other [similar] actions with respect to said objects.However, when there exist circumstances under which the copyright holder, etc. could not have sold such objects in such number corresponding, in whole or in part, to the number transferred, etc., then the amount corresponding to such number shall be deducted.
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(2)In the case where the copyright holder, the holder of the right of publication or the holder of the neighboring rights asserts against a person who, intentionally or negligently, infringes on such holder's copyright, right of publication or neighboring rights, a claim for compensation for damages sustained, the profits, if any, obtained by the infringer by way of said his infringement will be presumed to be the amount of damages suffered by such copyright holder, holder of the right of publication or holder of the neighboring rights, as the case may be.
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(3)The copyright holder or holder of the neighboring rights may assert against a person who, intentionally or negligently, infringes upon said holder's copyright or neighboring rights, a claim for compensation for damages in an amount corresponding to the amount of money which would be received by such holder through the exercise of its copyright or neighboring rights, as the case may be, as the amount of damages sustained by said holder.
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(4)The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not preclude a claim for compensation for damages in excess of the amount provided for therein.In such case, when the infringer of the copyright or neighboring rights did not act intentionally or with gross negligence, the court may consider such absence of intent or gross negligence on the part of the infringer in fixing the amount of damages.
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(具体的態様の明示義務)
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(Obligation to clarify specific conditions [of infringement])
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第百十四条の二著作者人格権、著作権、出版権、実演家人格権又は著作隣接権の侵害に係る訴訟において、著作者、著作権者、出版権者、実演家又は著作隣接権者が侵害の行為を組成したもの又は侵害の行為によつて作成されたものとして主張する物の具体的態様を否認するときは、相手方は、自己の行為の具体的態様を明らかにしなければならない。ただし、相手方において明らかにすることができない相当の理由があるときは、この限りでない。
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Article 114-2In a lawsuit pertaining to an infringement on the moral rights of author, copyright, right of publication, moral rights of performer or neighboring right, when the other party denies the specific conditions of the object which the author, the copyright holder, the holder of the right of publication, the performer or the holder of the neighboring rights, as the case may be, asserts as either constituting such act of infringement or being made by such act of infringement, the other party shall clarify the specific conditions of his acts; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply where there are reasonable grounds why the other party cannot make such clarification.
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(書類の提出等)
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(Production of documents, etc.)
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第百十四条の三裁判所は、著作者人格権、著作権、出版権、実演家人格権又は著作隣接権の侵害に係る訴訟においては、当事者の申立てにより、当事者に対し、当該侵害の行為について立証するため、又は当該侵害の行為による損害の計算をするため必要な書類の提出を命ずることができる。ただし、その書類の所持者においてその提出を拒むことについて正当な理由があるときは、この限りでない。
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Article 114-3(1)In a lawsuit pertaining to an infringement on the moral rights of author, copyright, right of publication, moral rights of performer or neighboring right, the court, upon petition of a party, may order any other party to produce documents necessary to prove the act of infringement concerned or to calculate the damages caused by said act of infringement; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply when the person in possession of such documents has justifiable grounds for refusing to produce them.
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(2)When the court finds it necessary for determining whether there exist justifiable grounds as provided for in the proviso to the preceding paragraph, the court may require that the person in possession of the documents present the same to the court.In such case, no person may ask for the disclosure of the documents so presented.
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(3)In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, when the court finds it necessary to disclose the documents mentioned in the latter half of the preceding paragraph and to consult the opinions of the [petitioning] party, etc. as to whether there exist such justifiable grounds as provided for in the proviso to paragraph (1), the court may disclose such documents to such [petitioning] party, etc. and its trial counsel and/or the assistant of such party, etc. or of such trial counsel. In this paragraph and in Article 114-6, paragraph (1), the term, "the party, etc." means a party (or in the case of a juridical person, its representative), or its agent (excluding, however, trial counsel and an assistant to such party or to its legal counsel), employee or any other worker of such party.
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(4)The provisions of the preceding three paragraphs shall apply mutatis mutandis to the production of the object t of inspection which is necessary to prove an act of infringement concerned in a lawsuit pertaining to an infringement on the moral rights of author, copyright, right of publication, moral rights of performer or neighboring right.
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(鑑定人に対する当事者の説明義務)
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(Obligation of the parties to explain to appraiser)
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第百十四条の四著作権、出版権又は著作隣接権の侵害に係る訴訟において、当事者の申立てにより、裁判所が当該侵害の行為による損害の計算をするため必要な事項について鑑定を命じたときは、当事者は、鑑定人に対し、当該鑑定をするため必要な事項について説明しなければならない。
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Article 114-4When the court, in a lawsuit pertaining to an infringement on a copyright, right of publication or neighboring right, has, upon petition of a party, ordered an appraisal with respect to matters necessary to calculate the damages caused by such act of infringement, the parties shall provide to the appraiser an explanation of matters necessary for such appraisal.
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(相当な損害額の認定)
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(Determination of reasonable damages)
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第百十四条の五著作権、出版権又は著作隣接権の侵害に係る訴訟において、損害が生じたことが認められる場合において、損害額を立証するために必要な事実を立証することが当該事実の性質上極めて困難であるときは、裁判所は、口頭弁論の全趣旨及び証拠調べの結果に基づき、相当な損害額を認定することができる。
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Article 114-5Where, in a lawsuit pertaining to an infringement on a copyright, right of publication or neighboring right, it is found that damages have been incurred, but it is extremely difficult to prove the facts necessary to establish the amount of damages due to the nature of such facts, the court may determine an appropriate amount of damages on the basis of the entire import of oral proceedings and the results of the court's examination of the evidence.
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(秘密保持命令)
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(Protective order)
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第百十四条の六裁判所は、著作者人格権、著作権、出版権、実演家人格権又は著作隣接権の侵害に係る訴訟において、その当事者が保有する営業秘密(不正競争防止法(平成五年法律第四十七号)第二条第六項に規定する営業秘密をいう。以下同じ。)について、次に掲げる事由のいずれにも該当することにつき疎明があつた場合には、当事者の申立てにより、決定で、当事者等、訴訟代理人又は補佐人に対し、当該営業秘密を当該訴訟の追行の目的以外の目的で使用し、又は当該営業秘密に係るこの項の規定による命令を受けた者以外の者に開示してはならない旨を命ずることができる。ただし、その申立ての時までに当事者等、訴訟代理人又は補佐人が第一号に規定する準備書面の閲読又は同号に規定する証拠の取調べ若しくは開示以外の方法により当該営業秘密を取得し、又は保有していた場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 114-6(1)In a lawsuit pertaining to an infringement on the moral rights of author, copyright, right of publication, moral rights of performer or neighboring right, the court may, upon petition of a party, issue an order, in the form of a decision, to any other party, etc., trial counsel or assistant in court to a party or legal counsel, that trade secrets (means "trade secrets" as provided for in Article 2, paragraph (6) of the Unfair Competition Prevention Act (Act No. 47 of 1993); the same shall apply hereinafter) in the possession of the [petitioning] party shall not be used for purposes other than those in furtherance of said lawsuit and shall not be disclosed to persons other than those against whom an order pertaining to such trade secrets has been issued pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph, where a prima facie showing has been made that each of the reasons listed below applies; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply where, at the time of such petition, the party, etc. [against which the petitioned order is sought to be issued], trial counsel [against which the petitioned order is sought to be issued] or assistant in court [against which the petitioned order is sought to be issued] had already acquired or possessed such trade secrets by means other than through inspection of the briefs as provided for in item (i) or the examination of evidence or the disclosure provided for in that item.
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一既に提出され若しくは提出されるべき準備書面に当事者の保有する営業秘密が記載され、又は既に取り調べられ若しくは取り調べられるべき証拠(第百十四条の三第三項の規定により開示された書類を含む。)の内容に当事者の保有する営業秘密が含まれること。
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(i)trade secrets in the possession of such other party appear in briefs already produced or to be produced, or such trade secrets are contained in the evidence already examined or to be examined (including documents disclosed pursuant to the provisions of Article 114-3, paragraph (3));
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二前号の営業秘密が当該訴訟の追行の目的以外の目的で使用され、又は当該営業秘密が開示されることにより、当該営業秘密に基づく当事者の事業活動に支障を生ずるおそれがあり、これを防止するため当該営業秘密の使用又は開示を制限する必要があること。
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(ii)trade secrets provided for in the preceding item are to be used for purposes other than in the furtherance of said lawsuit, or it is likely that disclosure of such trade secrets will impede a party's business activities that are based upon such trade secrets, and in order to prevent such impediment, it is necessary to restrict the use or disclosure of such trade secrets.
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一秘密保持命令を受けるべき者
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(i)the person to whom the protective order is to issue;
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二秘密保持命令の対象となるべき営業秘密を特定するに足りる事実
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(ii)facts sufficient to identify the trade secrets to be subject matter of the protective order;
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三前項各号に掲げる事由に該当する事実
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(iii)facts respectively constituting the reasons provided for in each of the two items of the preceding paragraph.
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(秘密保持命令の取消し)
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(Rescission of protective order)
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第百十四条の七秘密保持命令の申立てをした者又は秘密保持命令を受けた者は、訴訟記録の存する裁判所(訴訟記録の存する裁判所がない場合にあつては、秘密保持命令を発した裁判所)に対し、前条第一項に規定する要件を欠くこと又はこれを欠くに至つたことを理由として、秘密保持命令の取消しの申立てをすることができる。
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Article 114-7(1)The person who petitioned for a protective order and any person against whom such protective order was issued may each petition the court with whom the case record resides (or if there is no court with whom the case record resides, then the court which issued the protective order) to rescind the protective order for reason that any of the requirements provided for in the preceding Article, paragraph (1) is lacking or has become lacking.
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(5)Where the court has issued a ruling rescinding a protective order, the court shall immediately notify a person, if any (other than the person who brought the petition for rescission of the protective order and the other side), against whom another protective order may have been issued in relation to the same trade secret in the lawsuit in which the rescinded protective order was issued, of the fact that a ruling has been made to rescind the protective order first above mentioned.
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(訴訟記録の閲覧等の請求の通知等)
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(Notice, etc. of a request for inspection, etc. of the case record)
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第百十四条の八秘密保持命令が発せられた訴訟(すべての秘密保持命令が取り消された訴訟を除く。)に係る訴訟記録につき、民事訴訟法(平成八年法律第百九号)第九十二条第一項の決定があつた場合において、当事者から同項に規定する秘密記載部分の閲覧等の請求があり、かつ、その請求の手続を行つた者が当該訴訟において秘密保持命令を受けていない者であるときは、裁判所書記官は、同項の申立てをした当事者(その請求をした者を除く。第三項において同じ。)に対し、その請求後直ちに、その請求があつた旨を通知しなければならない。
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Article 114-8(1)In the case where a decision provided for in Article 92, paragraph (1) of the Code of Civil Procedure (Act No. 109 of 1996) has been made with regard to the case record for a lawsuit in which a protective order has been issued (excluding, however, a lawsuit in which all protective orders have been rescinded), the court clerk shall, if a party has made a request, pursuant to the same paragraph, for perusal, etc. of the portions [of the case record] containing the confidential matters and if the person who has made such request is not a person against whom a protective order has been issued in the subject lawsuit, immediately after said request, give notice of such request to the party who filed the petition provided for in that paragraph (other than, however, the person who made such request; the same shall apply in paragraph (3)).
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(2)In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, the court clerk shall not, until the end of the two week period following the day of the request provided for in the same paragraph (in the case where a petition for a protective order has been made before said day by the person undertaking the procedures for said request, then for a period until the ruling on said petition has become final and non-appealable) allow the person who, pursuant to the same paragraph, undertakes the procedures to request perusal, etc. of the portions [of the case record] containing the confidential matters.
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(3)The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall not apply when all parties who filed the petition provided for in Article 92, paragraph (1) of the Code of Civil Procedure consent to allow perusal, etc. of the portions [of the case record] containing the confidential matters provided for in paragraph (1) by a person having made a request provided for in paragraph (1).
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(名誉回復等の措置)
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(Measures for restoration, etc. of honor)
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第百十五条著作者又は実演家は、故意又は過失によりその著作者人格権又は実演家人格権を侵害した者に対し、損害の賠償に代えて、又は損害の賠償とともに、著作者又は実演家であることを確保し、又は訂正その他著作者若しくは実演家の名誉若しくは声望を回復するために適当な措置を請求することができる。
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Article 115The author or the performer may demand against a person who, intentionally or negligently, infringes on his moral rights, that, in lieu of, or in addition to, compensation for damages, such person take appropriate measures to ensure identification of the author or the performer as the author or the performer (as the case may be), to make corrections [of distortions, mutilations, and/or modifications], or to restore the honor and reputation of the author or the performer (as the case may be).
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(著作者又は実演家の死後における人格的利益の保護のための措置)
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(Measures to protect moral interests after the author's or the performer's death)
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第百十六条著作者又は実演家の死後においては、その遺族(死亡した著作者又は実演家の配偶者、子、父母、孫、祖父母又は兄弟姉妹をいう。以下この条において同じ。)は、当該著作者又は実演家について第六十条又は第百一条の三の規定に違反する行為をする者又はするおそれがある者に対し第百十二条の請求を、故意又は過失により著作者人格権又は実演家人格権を侵害する行為又は第六十条若しくは第百一条の三の規定に違反する行為をした者に対し前条の請求をすることができる。
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Article 116(1)After the death of the author or the performer, [a member of] his bereaved family ("bereaved family" means the surviving spouse, children, parents, grandchildren, grandparents, and brothers and sisters of the deceased author or performer; the same shall apply below in this Article) may make: [(a)] the demand provided for in Article 112 against any person who commits an act, or is likely to commit an act, in violation of the provisions of Article 60 or Article 101-3 with respect to the author or the performer concerned, or [(b)] the demand provided for in the preceding Article against any person who, intentionally or negligently, commits an act of infringement on the moral rights of author or performers or who has committed an act in violation of the provisions of Article 60 or Article 101-3.
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(2)The order of the members of the bereaved family who may make the demand set forth in the preceding paragraph shall be the order provided for in said paragraph.However, in the case where the order has been separately determined by the [testamentary] will of the author or the performer, then such order shall apply.
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(3)The author or the performer may designate by [testamentary] will the person to act on behalf of the bereaved family in making the demand provided for in paragraph (1).In such case, the designated person may not make a demand after the passage of fifty years commencing from the year immediately following the date of the author's or performer's death (as the case may be), or, if members of the bereaved family are still alive at the time of the passage of said fifty years, then after the death of all such bereaved family members.
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(共同著作物等の権利侵害)
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(Infringement with respect to the rights in a work of joint authorship, etc.)
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第百十七条共同著作物の各著作者又は各著作権者は、他の著作者又は他の著作権者の同意を得ないで、第百十二条の規定による請求又はその著作権の侵害に係る自己の持分に対する損害の賠償の請求若しくは自己の持分に応じた不当利得の返還の請求をすることができる。
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Article 117(1)Each co-author of, or each co-holder of the copyright in, a work of joint authorship shall be entitled to make, without the consent of the other co-authors or co-holders of the copyright, the demand provided for in Article 112, and/or a demand for compensation for damages to his share or a demand for the return of the unjust enrichment corresponding to his share.
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(無名又は変名の著作物に係る権利の保全)
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(Preservation of rights in anonymous or pseudonymous works)
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第百十八条無名又は変名の著作物の発行者は、その著作物の著作者又は著作権者のために、自己の名をもつて、第百十二条、第百十五条若しくは第百十六条第一項の請求又はその著作物の著作者人格権若しくは著作権の侵害に係る損害の賠償の請求若しくは不当利得の返還の請求を行なうことができる。ただし、著作者の変名がその者のものとして周知のものである場合及び第七十五条第一項の実名の登録があつた場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 118(1)The publisher of an anonymous or pseudonymous work shall be entitled to make, in his own name and for the benefit of the author or the copyright holder of said work, the demand provided for in Article 112, Article 115 or Article 116, paragraph (1), or a demand for compensation for damages for an infringement of the moral rights of author or the copyright, as the case may be, or for return of an unjust enrichment.The foregoing, however, shall not apply where the pseudonym is widely known as being that of the author and where the true name of the author has been registered under the provisions of Article 75, paragraph (1).
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第八章 罰則
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Chapter VIII Penal Provisions
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Article 119(1)A person who infringes on the copyright, right of publication or neighboring rights (excluding, however, (a) a person who reproduces by himself a work or performance, etc. for private use purposes as provided for in Article 30, paragraph (1) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to provisions of Article 102, paragraph (1)); (b) a person who, pursuant to the provisions of Article 113, paragraph (3), commits an act deemed to constitute an act of infringement on the copyright or neighboring rights (including rights deemed to constitute neighboring rights pursuant to the provisions of Article 113, paragraph (4); the same shall apply in Article 120-2, item (iii)); (c) a person who commits an act deemed to constitute an act of infringement on a copyright or neighboring rights pursuant to the provisions of Article 113, paragraph (5); (d) or a person described in items (iii) or (iv) of the following paragraph) shall be punishable by imprisonment with work for a term not more than ten years or by a fine of not more than ten million Yen, or by both.
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一著作者人格権又は実演家人格権を侵害した者(第百十三条第三項の規定により著作者人格権又は実演家人格権を侵害する行為とみなされる行為を行つた者を除く。)
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(i)a person who infringes on the moral rights of author or moral rights of performer (excluding a person who commits an act deemed to constitute an act of infringement on the moral rights of author or moral rights of performer pursuant to the provisions of Article 113, paragraph (3)):
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二営利を目的として、第三十条第一項第一号に規定する自動複製機器を著作権、出版権又は著作隣接権の侵害となる著作物又は実演等の複製に使用させた者
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(ii)a person who, for profit-making purposes, causes the automatic reproducing machine provided for in Article 30, paragraph (1), item (i) to be used to reproduce works or performance, etc., when such act of reproduction constitutes an infringement on a copyright, right of publication or neighboring rights;
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三第百十三条第一項の規定により著作権、出版権又は著作隣接権を侵害する行為とみなされる行為を行つた者
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(iii)a person who commits an act deemed to constitute an act of infringement on the copyright, right of publication or neighboring rights pursuant to the provisions of Article 113, paragraph (1);
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四第百十三条第二項の規定により著作権を侵害する行為とみなされる行為を行つた者
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(iv)a person who commits an act deemed to be an act of infringement on a copyright pursuant to the provisions of Article 113, paragraph (2).
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一技術的保護手段の回避を行うことを専らその機能とする装置(当該装置の部品一式であつて容易に組み立てることができるものを含む。)若しくは技術的保護手段の回避を行うことを専らその機能とするプログラムの複製物を公衆に譲渡し、若しくは貸与し、公衆への譲渡若しくは貸与の目的をもつて製造し、輸入し、若しくは所持し、若しくは公衆の使用に供し、又は当該プログラムを公衆送信し、若しくは送信可能化した者
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(i)a person who either: [(a)] [(A)] transfers to the public the ownership of, or rents to the public, [(B)] manufactures, imports or possesses for transfer of ownership or rental to the public, or [(C)] offers for use by the public, a device the sole function of which is to circumvent technological protection measures (including a set of parts [of such a device] capable of being easily assembled) or reproductions of a computer program the sole function of which is to circumvent technological protection measures, or [(b)] transmits to the public, or makes transmittable, the aforementioned computer program;
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二業として公衆からの求めに応じて技術的保護手段の回避を行つた者
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(ii)a person who, as a business, circumvents technological protection measures in response to a request from the public;
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三営利を目的として、第百十三条第三項の規定により著作者人格権、著作権、実演家人格権又は著作隣接権を侵害する行為とみなされる行為を行つた者
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(iii)a person who, for profit-making purposes, commits an act deemed to constitute an act of infringement on the moral rights of author, copyright, moral rights of performer or neighboring rights pursuant to the provision of Article 113, paragraph (3);
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四営利を目的として、第百十三条第五項の規定により著作権又は著作隣接権を侵害する行為とみなされる行為を行つた者
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(iv)a person who, for profit-making purposes, commits an act deemed to constitute an act of infringement on a copyright or neighboring rights pursuant to the provision of Article 113, paragraph (5).
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Article 121A person who distributes a reproduction of a work on which reproduction the true name or widely known pseudonym of a person who is not the author is indicated as the name of the author (including a reproduction of a derivative work on which reproduction the true name or widely known pseudonym of a person who is not the author of the original work is indicated as the name of the author of the original work) shall be punishable by imprisonment with work for a term not more than one year or by a fine of not more than one million Yen, or by both:
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Article 121-2A person who [(a)] reproduces, as a commercial phonogram, a commercial phonogram which falls under either of the following two items (including reproductions of said commercial phonogram, including reproductions produced by multiple acts of reproduction), or [(b)] distributes such reproductions or possesses them for the purposes of distributing, shall be punishable by imprisonment with work for a term not more than one year or by a fine of not more than one million Yen, or by both; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply with respect to a person who makes, distributes or possesses reproductions made after the passage of more than fifty years from the year immediately following the year in which the first fixation of sounds on the matrices listed in the following items:
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一国内において商業用レコードの製作を業とする者が、レコード製作者からそのレコード(第八条各号のいずれかに該当するものを除く。)の原盤の提供を受けて製作した商業用レコード
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(i)a commercial phonogram manufactured by a person engaged in the business of manufacturing commercial phonograms in this country, from the matrix of the phonogram (other than those phonograms with respect to which any of the four items of Article 8 applies) received from the producer of phonograms who produced said phonogram;
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二国外において商業用レコードの製作を業とする者が、実演家等保護条約の締約国の国民、世界貿易機関の加盟国の国民又はレコード保護条約の締約国の国民(当該締約国の法令に基づいて設立された法人及び当該締約国に主たる事務所を有する法人を含む。)であるレコード製作者からそのレコード(第八条各号のいずれかに該当するものを除く。)の原盤の提供を受けて製作した商業用レコード
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(ii)a commercial phonogram manufactured by those engaged in the business of manufacturing commercial phonograms outside this country, from the matrix of the phonogram (other than those phonograms with respect to which any of the four items of Article 8 applies) received from the producer of phonogram who produced said phonogram and who is a national of any of the contracting states to the Convention for the Protection of Performers, etc., the members of the World Trade Organization or the Contracting States to the Phonograms Convention ("nationals" includes juridical persons established under the laws and regulations of such contracting state or member and those who have their principal offices in such Contracting State or member).
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(2)A publisher of an anonymous or a pseudonymous work may file a complaint with respect to a crime provided for in the preceding paragraph with respect to his work; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply in cases where the proviso to Article 118, paragraph (1) is applicable and where such complaint is contrary to the clear indication of intent by the author.
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Article 124(1)Where the representative of a juridical person (including the administrator of an association or foundation without juridical personality), an agent, an employee or any other worker of a juridical person or person, in connection with the business of such juridical person or person, commits an act in violation of the provisions mentioned in any of the following items, then, in addition to the punishment of the violator [himself], the fine fixed in each item below shall be imposed upon such juridical person and the fine fixed in the provisions of each Article mentioned in each item below shall be imposed upon such person:
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一第百十九条第一項若しくは第二項第三号若しくは第四号又は第百二十二条の二第一項三億円以下の罰金刑
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(i)Article 119, paragraphs (1) or (2), items (iii) or (iv), or Article 122-2, paragraph (1):a fine of not more than three hundred million Yen;
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二第百十九条第二項第一号若しくは第二号又は第百二十条から第百二十二条まで各本条の罰金刑
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(ii)Article 119, paragraph (2), items (i) or (ii), or Article 120 to Article 122:the fine set forth in each of these Articles.
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(2)Where the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to an association or foundation without juridical personality, its representative or administrator shall represent such association or foundation in connection with its acts of litigation, and the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure which are applicable where a juridical person is the accused or suspect shall apply mutatis mutandis.
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(3)In the case of paragraph (1), a complaint filed against the violator and the dismissal of such complaint against such violator shall be also effective with respect to the juridical person or the person concerned, and a complaint filed against a juridical person or a person or the dismissal of such complaint against such juridical person or person shall be also effective with respect to the violator concerned.
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(4)The statute of limitations in cases where a fine is imposed on a juridical person or a person for an act of violation under Article 119, paragraphs (1) or (2) or Article 122-2, paragraph (1) pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) shall be the statute of limitations for the crimes in these provisions.
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