執行官法 - 日本語／英語 - 日本法令外国語訳DBシステム

（職務）

(Duties)

第一条執行官は、次の事務を取り扱う。

Article 1A court enforcement officer handles the following affairs.

一民事訴訟法（平成八年法律第百九号）、民事執行法（昭和五十四年法律第四号）、民事保全法、（平成元年法律第九十一号）その他の法令において執行官が取り扱うべきものとされている事務

(i)affairs that are provided for in the Code of Civil Procedure (Act No. 109 of 1996), the Civil Execution Act (Act No. 4 of 1979), the Civil Provisional Remedies Act (Act No. 91 of 1989) or other laws and regulations as those to be handled by a court enforcement officer; and

二民事執行法の規定による民事執行、民事保全法の規定による保全執行その他私法上の権利を実現し又は保全するための手続を構成する物の保管、管理、換価その他の行為に係る事務で、裁判において執行官が取り扱うべきものとされたもの

(ii)affairs that are assigned by a court to a court enforcement officer, pertaining to the storage, administration, or realization of an item or other acts constituting civil execution pursuant to the provisions of the Civil Execution Act, execution of a provisional remedy pursuant to the provisions of the Civil Provisional Remedies Act or other procedures for fulfilling or preserving rights under private law.

（事務の処理）

(Processing of Affairs)

第二条執行官は、申立てによりその事務を取り扱う。ただし、裁判所が、その係属する事件の手続の一部として、直接に執行官に取り扱わせる事務については、この限りでない。

Article 2(1)A court enforcement officer handles affairs upon petition; provided, however, that this does not apply to the affairs that a court directly orders a court enforcement officer to handle as part of the procedures of a case pending before the court.

２執行官の事務の分配は、所属の地方裁判所が定める。ただし、前条第二号の事務のうち裁判において特定の執行官が取り扱うべきものとされた事務は、その執行官が取り扱う。

(2)The allotment of affairs to a court enforcement officer is determined by the district court to which the court enforcement officer belongs; provided, however, that among the affairs set forth in item (ii) of the preceding Article, the affairs that are delegated to a specific court enforcement officer in a judicial court are to be handled by that court enforcement officer.

（除斥）

(Disqualification)

第三条執行官は、次の各号に掲げる場合には、職務の執行から除斥される。

Article 3A court enforcement officer is disqualified from performing their duties in the cases set forth in each of the following items:

一執行官又はその配偶者が、当事者（刑事事件及び少年の保護事件における被害者を含む。以下同じ。）であるとき、又は当事者と共同権利者、共同義務者若しくは償還義務者の関係にあるとき。

(i)where the court enforcement officer or their spouse is a party to the case before the court (including where the person is the victim in a criminal case or a juvenile protection case; the same applies hereinafter), or is related to a party to the case as a joint obligee, joint obligor, or obligor for redemption;

二執行官が当事者の四親等内の血族、三親等内の姻族又は同居の親族であるとき。

(ii)where the court enforcement officer is a party's relative by blood within the fourth degree of kinship, relative through marriage within the third degree, or a cohabitating relative;

三執行官が当事者の後見人、後見監督人、保佐人、保佐監督人、補助人又は補助監督人であるとき。

(iii)where the court enforcement officer is, in relation to a party, a guardian, supervisor of a guardian, curator, supervisor of a curator, assistant or a supervisor of an assistant; or

四執行官がその取り扱うべき事務について当事者の代理人であるとき。

(iv)where the court enforcement officer is a party's agent with regard to the affairs they are to handle.

（職務執行区域）

(Area for Performing Duties)

第四条執行官は、他の法令に別段の定めがある場合を除き、所属の地方裁判所の管轄区域内においてその職務を行なう。

Article 4A court enforcement officer performs their duties within the jurisdictional district of the district court to which they belong, unless otherwise provided for in other laws and regulations.

（不服の申立て）

(Filing of Objection)

第五条申立てにより取り扱う事務についての執行官の処分（手数料及び費用の額の計算を含む。）又はその遅怠に対する不服の申立てについては、民事執行法（これを準用する場合を含む。）に特別の定めがあるものを除くほか、同法第十一条第一項後段の規定による執行異議の例による。

Article 5With regard to an objection filed against a disposition made by a court enforcement officer concerning the affairs to be handled upon petition (including the calculation of fees and expenses) or a delay or negligence thereof, the same rule as in the objection to a disposition of execution set forth in the second sentence of Article 11, paragraph (1) of the Civil Execution Act apply, except as otherwise provided by the same Act (including the cases where the Act is applied mutatis mutandis).

（金銭の保管）

(Custody of Money)

第六条執行官が職務の執行として差し押え、又は交付を受けた金銭は、これを受け取るべき者に直ちに交付し、又は供託するものを除き、最高裁判所の規則で定めるところにより、執行官の所属の地方裁判所が保管する。

Article 6Any money seized or received by a court enforcement officer in the course of performing their duties is to be kept under the custody of the court to which the court enforcement officer belongs as provided for in the Rules of the Supreme Court, except where the money is to be immediately delivered to the person who should receive the money or is to be deposited.

（手数料及び費用）

(Fees and Expenses)

第七条執行官は、その職務の執行につき、手数料を受け、及び職務の執行に要する費用の支払又は償還を受ける。

Article 7A court enforcement officer receives the fees for the performance of their duties and the payment or reimbursement of the expenses required for performing their duties.

（手数料を受ける場合）

(Cases Where Court Enforcement Officer Receives Fees)

第八条執行官は、次の各号に掲げる事務ごとに、その手数料を受けるものとする。

Article 8(1)A court enforcement officer is to receive the fees for each of the affairs set forth in the following items:

一文書の送達

(i)service of process;

一の二民事訴訟法第百三十二条の四第一項第四号の処分による物の形状、占有関係その他の現況の調査

(i)-2examination of the shape, possession or other aspects of the current status of an object, carried out under the disposition set forth in Article 132-4, paragraph (1), item (iv) of the Code of Civil Procedure;

二差押え又は仮差押えの執行

(ii)execution of a seizure or provisional seizure;

三民事執行法第百二十五条第二項（これを準用し、又はその例による場合を含む。）の規定による手続に係る事務

(iii)affairs pertaining to procedures pursuant to the provisions of Article 125, paragraph (2) of the Civil Execution Act (including cases where the Act is applied mutatis mutandis or where the same rules as those prescribed therein are applied);

四換価のために動産（民事執行法第百二十二条第一項に規定する動産をいう。第九号から第十一号までにおいて同じ。）の引渡しを受けること。

(iv)receipt of delivery of movables (meaning movables prescribed in Article 122, paragraph (1) of the Civil Execution Act; the same applies in items (ix) through (xi)) for the purpose of realization;

五配当要求に係る事務

(v)affairs pertaining to a distribution demand;

六売却又はその他の換価の実施に係る事務

(vi)affairs pertaining to sales or carrying out other realization methods;

七動産（有価証券を含み、人の居住する船舶等を除く。）を債務者から取り上げて債権者に引き渡すこと。

(vii)confiscation of movables (including securities but excluding a vessel, etc. in which a person resides) from an obligor and delivering them to the obligee;

八不動産又は人の居住する船舶等について債務者の占有を解いて債権者にその占有を取得させること。

(viii)releasing real property or a vessel, etc. in which a person resides from the obligor's possession and having the obligee acquire the possession;

九差押え又は仮差押えの執行をした動産その他執行官の保管している物を債務者その他の者に保管させた場合におけるその状況の点検

(ix)inspection of the status of movables for which a seizure or provisional seizure has been executed, or other items which have been in custody of the court enforcement officer, where those movables or items are retained by the obligor or another person;

十民事執行法第百二十七条第一項（これを準用し、又はその例による場合を含む。）の規定による決定による動産の取上げ

(x)confiscation of movables under a decision pursuant to the provisions of Article 127, paragraph (1) of the Civil Execution Act (including the cases where the Act is applied mutatis mutandis or where the same rules as those prescribed therein are applied);

十一差押え又は仮差押えの執行をした動産その他執行官の保管している物を執行処分の取消しとして債務者その他これを受け取る権利を有する者に引き渡すこと。

(xi)delivery of movables for which a seizure or provisional seizure has been executed or other items which have been in custody of the court enforcement officer to the obligor or other persons who have the right to receive them as a revocation of the disposition of execution

十二民事執行法第六条第二項又は第九十六条第二項（これらを準用し、又はその例による場合を含む。）の規定による援助

(xii)assistance pursuant to the provisions of Article 6, paragraph (2) or Article 96, paragraph (2) of the Civil Execution Act (including the cases where the Act is applied mutatis mutandis or where the same rules as those prescribed therein are applied);

十三破産法（平成十六年法律第七十五号）第百五十五条第一項の規定による財産の封印又は封印の除去

(xiii)sealing of property or removal of the seal pursuant to the provisions of Article 155, paragraph (1) of the Bankruptcy Act (Act No. 75 of 2004);

十四拒絶証書の作成

(xiv)preparation of a certificate of protest;

十五債務者が抵当証券の所持人に対して支払をしない旨の証明

(xv)certification to the effect that the obligor will not make a payment to the holder of a mortgage instrument;

十六不動産又は船舶の形状、占有関係その他の現況の調査

(xvi)examination of the shape, possession or other current status of real property or a vessel;

十七民事執行法第五十五条第一項（第二号又は第三号に係る部分に限る。）、第六十八条の二第一項、第七十七条第一項（第二号又は第三号に係る部分に限る。）又は第百八十七条第一項（同法第五十五条第一項第二号又は第三号に掲げる保全処分又は公示保全処分を命ずる場合に限る。）（これらを準用し、又はその例による場合を含む。）の規定による決定により不動産に対する占有を解いて保管し、又は保管のため申立人にその占有を取得させること。

(xvii)releasing real property from possession by a decision pursuant to the provisions of Article 55, paragraph (1) (limited to the part pertaining to item (ii) or (iii)), Article 68-2, paragraph (1), Article 77, paragraph (1) (limited to the part pertaining to item (ii) or (iii)) or Article 187, paragraph (1) (limited to cases where a provisional order or a provisional order to give public notice as set forth in Article 55, paragraph (1), item (ii) or (iii) is given) of the Civil Execution Act (including the cases where the Act is applied mutatis mutandis or where the same rules as those prescribed therein are applied), and retaining them or having the petitioner acquire the possession for retention purposes;

十七の二民事執行法第六十四条の二第一項（これを準用し、又はその例による場合を含む。）の内覧の実施

(xvii)-2carrying out of a preliminary inspection set forth in Article 64-2, paragraph (1) of the Civil Execution Act (including cases where the Act is applied mutatis mutandis or where the same rules as those prescribed therein are applied);

十八船舶の国籍を証する文書その他の船舶の航行のために必要な文書の取上げ

(xviii)confiscation of a document proving the nationality of a vessel and other documents necessary for the navigation of the vessel;

十九前各号の事務以外の第一条第一号に掲げる事務

(xix)affairs set forth in Article 1, item (i) other than those set forth in each of the preceding items;

二十民事執行法第百七十一条第一項の規定による決定に基づく執行

(xx)execution carried out based on the decision pursuant to the provisions of Article 171, paragraph (1) of the Civil Execution Act;

二十一仮処分その他の保全処分の執行で、第一号から第十八号までのいずれにも該当しないもの

(xxi)execution of a provisional disposition or other provisional order which does not fall under any of the items (i) through (xviii); and

二十二前二号の事務以外の第一条第二号に掲げる事務で、第一号から第十八号までのいずれにも該当しないもの

(xxii)affairs set forth in Article 1, item (ii) other than those set forth in the preceding two items, which do not fall under any of the items (i) through (xviii);

２執行官は、前項各号の事務の実施に着手する前であつても、次の各号に掲げる場合においては、当該事務に係る手数料を受ける。

(2)Even before carrying out the affairs set forth in each item of the preceding paragraph, a court enforcement officer may receive the fees pertaining to the affairs in the cases set forth in each of the following items;

一送達又は前項第一号の二の現況の調査を行うべき場所に臨んだ場合において、執行官の責めに帰することができない事由によつて送達又は同号の現況の調査を実施することができなかつたとき。

(i)if a court enforcement officer is unable to serve process or examine the current status of an object as set forth in item (i)-2 of the preceding paragraph due to grounds not attributable to the court enforcement officer, when they appear at the place where they are to serve the process or examine the current status of the object;

二前項第二号から第四号まで、第六号から第十五号まで及び第十七号から第二十一号までに掲げる事務について、最高裁判所の規則で定める当該事務の実施に必要な準備行為をした後において、民事執行法第三十九条第一項若しくは第百八十三条第一項（これらを準用し、又はその例による場合を含む。）に規定する事由又は申立ての取下げその他当事者に存する事由により、その実施を取りやめたとき。

(ii)with regard to the affairs set forth in items (ii) through (iv), items (vi) through (xv), and items (xvii) through (xxi) of the preceding paragraph, if the implementation of the affairs is cancelled after the preparation necessary for implementing the affairs provided for in the Rules of the Supreme Court has been made, due to grounds specified in Article 39, paragraph (1) or Article 183, paragraph (1) of the Civil Execution Act (including the cases where the Act is applied mutatis mutandis or where the same rules as those prescribed therein are applied) or the withdrawal of petition or other grounds attributable to a party to the case.

（手数料の額）

(Amount of Fees)

第九条前条第一項第一号から第二十一号までの事務に係る手数料の額は、事務の内容、当事者の受ける利益、物価の状況、一般賃金事情その他一切の事情を考慮して、最高裁判所の規則で定める。

Article 9(1)The amount of the fees pertaining to the affairs set forth in paragraph (1), items (i) through (xxi) of the preceding Article is to be provided for in the Rules of the Supreme Court, taking into consideration the nature of the affairs, the benefit of the party to the case, the price situation, the matters surrounding wages in general, and all other circumstances.

２前条第一項第二十二号の事務に係る手数料の額は、裁判において当該事務を執行官が取り扱うべきものとした裁判所が定める。

(2)The amount of the fees pertaining to the affairs set forth in paragraph (1), item (xxii) of the preceding Article is to be decided by the court which has held that the court enforcement officer should handle the affairs.

（費用の種類）

(Types of Expenses)

第十条執行官が支払又は償還を受ける費用は、次のとおりとする。

Article 10(1)The expenses for which a court enforcement officer is paid or reimbursed are prescribed as follows:

一送付に要する費用及び電信電話料

(i)expenses required for sending documents, and telegraph and telephone charges;

二公告の費用

(ii)cost of public notices;

三民事執行法第七条（これを準用する場合を含む。）に規定する立会人の日当及び旅費

(iii)daily allowance and travel expenses for the observer prescribed in Article 7 of the Civil Execution Act (including the cases where the Act is applied mutatis mutandis)

四技術者及び労務者の手当

(iv)allowance payable to engineers and laborers;

五民事執行法第百三十六条又は第百三十八条（これらを準用し、又はその例による場合を含む。）に規定する事務を行うための費用

(v)expenses required for implementation of the affairs prescribed in Article 136 or Article 138 of the Civil Execution Act (including the cases where the Act is applied mutatis mutandis or where the same rules as those prescribed therein are applied)

六物の運搬、保管、監守及び保存の費用

(vi)expenses for transportation, storage, custody, and preservation of an item;

七果実収穫の費用

(vii)expenses for harvesting fruit;

八官庁その他の公の団体から証明を受ける費用

(viii)expenses for receiving certification from a government agency or other public organizations;

九物の現況を記録するために撮影する写真の費用

(ix)expenses for photographs taken to record the current status of an item;

十民事執行法第百六十一条第五項（これを準用し、又はその例による場合を含む。）に規定する証書の作成の費用

(x)expenses for preparing a deed prescribed in Article 161, paragraph (5) of the Civil Execution Act (including the cases where the Act is applied mutatis mutandis or where the same rules as those prescribed within are applied)

十一執行官の旅費及び宿泊料

(xi)travel expenses and accommodation charges of the court enforcement officer; and

十二前各号の費用以外の執行官の職務の執行に要する費用で、最高裁判所の規則で定めるもの

(xii)expenses required to perform the duties of a court enforcement officer other than those set forth in the preceding items as provided in the Rules of the Supreme Court.

２前項第三号に規定する日当及び旅費は、最高裁判所の規則で定める場合に執行官が支給するこれらの費用とする。

(2)The daily allowance and travel expenses set forth in item (iii) of the preceding paragraph are to be those a court enforcement officer is to supply under the Rules of the Supreme Court.

３執行官の旅費及び宿泊料は、執行官がその勤務する裁判所から一キロメートル以上の地においてその職務を行なう場合及び執行官がその職務を行なうために宿泊を要する場合におけるこれらの費用とする。

(3)The travel expenses and accommodation charges of a court enforcement officer are to be those required where the court enforcement officer performs their duties at a place one kilometer or more away from the court at which they work or where accommodation is required for the court enforcement officer to perform their duties.

（費用の額）

(Amount of Expenses)

第十一条前条第一項第三号及び第十号から第十二号までの費用の額は、最高裁判所の規則で定めるところによる。

Article 11(1)The amount of the expenses set forth in paragraph (1), item (iii) and items (x) through (xii) of the preceding Article is to be as provided for in the Rules of the Supreme Court.

２前項に規定する費用を除くほか、費用の額は、実費の額による。

(2)Except for the expenses prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the amount of the expenses is to be the amount of the actual costs.

（支払義務者）

(Person Responsible for Payment)

第十二条執行官の手数料及び職務の執行に要する費用は、執行官が申立てにより取り扱う事務については申立人が、裁判所が直接に執行官に取り扱わせる事務については裁判所が、支払い又は償還する。ただし、法律に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めによる。

Article 12The fees payable to a court enforcement officer and the expenses required for performing their duties are to be paid or reimbursed by the petitioner if the affairs are handled by the court enforcement officer upon petition or, in the cases where the court directly has the court enforcement officer handle the affairs, by the court, unless otherwise provided for in other laws.

（手数料の弁済期）

(Due Date for Payment of Fees)

第十三条執行官は、各個の事務を完了した後又はこれを続行することを要しないこととなつた後でなければ、その事務についての手数料を受けることができない。ただし、第八条第二項に規定する場合又は他の法律に別段の定めがある場合は、この限りでない。

Article 13A court enforcement officer may receive the fees for each affair only after they complete the affair or it becomes no longer necessary to carry out the affair; provided, however, that this does not apply to the cases prescribed in Article 8, paragraph (2) or if otherwise provided for in other laws.

（時効）

(Prescription)

第十四条手数料を受け、及び立て替えた費用の償還を受ける権利は、裁判所が支払い又は償還する場合を除き、五年間行なわないときは、時効により消滅する。

Article 14The right to receive the fees or to receive reimbursement of expenses paid is to be extinguished by prescription if the right is not exercised within five years, unless the payment or reimbursement is to be made by the court.

（予納）

(Prepayment)

第十五条執行官は、申立てにより取り扱う事務については、最高裁判所の規則で定めるところにより、申立人に手数料及び職務の執行に要する費用の概算額を予納させることができる。ただし、申立人が訴訟上の救助を受けた者であるときは、この限りでない。

Article 15(1)With regard to the affairs handled by a court enforcement officer upon petition, the court enforcement officer may have the petitioner prepay the fees and the estimated amount of the expenses required for performing the duties as provided for in the Rules of the Supreme Court; provided, however, that this does not apply if the petitioner is a person who has received legal aid.

２前項の概算額の予納は、執行官の所属の地方裁判所にするものとする。

(2)The prepayment of the estimated amount set forth in the preceding paragraph is to be made to the district court to which a court enforcement officer belongs.

３申立人が第一項の概算額を予納しないときは、執行官は、申立てを却下することができる。

(3)If the petitioner fails to prepay the estimated amount set forth in paragraph (1), the court enforcement officer may dismiss the petition.

４申立人は、予納した金額の限度において、手数料及び費用の支払又は償還の義務を免れる。この場合においては、執行官は、予納を受けた裁判所から手数料及び費用の支払又は償還を受ける。

(4)The petitioner is relieved of the obligation to pay or reimburse the fees and expenses to the extent of the amount of the prepayment.In this case, the court enforcement officer is to receive the payment or reimbursement of the fees and expenses from the court that has received the prepayment.

（訴訟上の救助を受けた者の申立てによる場合の特例）

(Special Provision for Petition by Person Who Has Received Legal Aid)

第十六条訴訟上の救助を受けた者の申立てによる強制執行についての手数料及び職務の執行に要した費用で、債務者から取り立てることができなかつたものがあるときは、執行官の請求により、国庫がこれを支給する。

Article 16If a court enforcement officer is unable to collect a portion of the fees and expenses required to perform their duties with regard to a compulsory execution upon petition by a person who has received legal aid, the portion is to be paid by the national treasury upon the court enforcement officer's request.

（執行記録の保管等）

(Retention of Enforcement Records)

第十七条執行記録その他執行官が職務上作成する書類は、執行官が保管する。

Article 17(1)The enforcement records and other documents prepared by a court enforcement officer in the course of their duties are retained by the court enforcement officer.

２当事者その他の利害関係人は、前項の書類その他執行官が職務上保管する書類の閲覧を求めることができる。

(2)A party to the case or other interested person may demand inspection of the documents set forth in the preceding paragraph or other documents retained by a court enforcement officer in the course of their duties.

３前項の規定により書類の閲覧を求めるには、最高裁判所の規則で定めるところにより、執行官に手数料を納めなければならない。ただし、当事者が未済の執行記録の閲覧を求める場合は、この限りでない。

(3)To demand the inspection of documents pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the party or the interested person must pay fees to a court enforcement officer as provided for in the Rules of the Supreme Court; provided, however, that this does not apply if the party demands the inspection of unfinished execution records.

（謄本等の作成）

(Preparation of Transcripts)

第十八条当事者その他の利害関係人は、執行記録その他執行官が職務上作成する書類の謄本若しくは抄本又は執行官が取り扱つた事務に関する証明書の交付を求めることができる。

Article 18(1)A party to the case or other interested person may demand issuance of a transcript or extract of execution records or other documents prepared by a court enforcement officer in the course of their duties, or a certificate concerning the affairs which have been handled by a court enforcement officer.

２前項の規定により書類の交付を求めるには、最高裁判所の規則で定めるところにより、執行官に書記料を納めなければならない。

(2)To demand the issuance of documents pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the party or the interested person must pay a clerical fee to a court enforcement officer as provided in the Rules of the Supreme Court.

（援助）

(Assistance)

第十九条執行官は、その職務を行なうについて特に必要があるときは、所属の地方裁判所の許可を受けて、他の執行官の援助を求めることができる。

Article 19(1)A court enforcement officer may request assistance from another court enforcement officer after obtaining permission from the district court to which they belong, if it is especially necessary for performing their duties.

２前項の場合においては、各執行官は、それぞれその手数料を受け、及び職務の執行に要する費用につき、各別にその支払又は償還を受けるものとする。

(2)In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, each court enforcement officer is to receive their respective fees, and the payment or reimbursement of the expenses required to perform their respective duties.

（職務の代行）

(Substitution of Duties)

第二十条地方裁判所は、執行官の事故その他の理由により必要があるときは、最高裁判所の規則で定めるところにより、裁判所書記官に執行官の職務の全部又は一部を行なわせることができる。

Article 20(1)A district court may have a court clerk perform all or part of the duties of a court enforcement officer as provided for in the Rules of the Supreme Court, if substitution is necessary due to an accident of the court enforcement officer or other reasons.

２前項の場合においては、執行官の受けるべき手数料、第十条第一項第十号及び第十一号の費用並びに同項第十二号の費用で最高裁判所の規則で定めるもの、第十八条第二項の書記料並びにその他の費用の償還金は、国庫の収入とする。

(2)In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, the fees to be received by the court enforcement officer, and the reimbursement of the expenses set forth in Article 10, paragraph (1), item (x) and item (xi), the expenses in item (xii) of the same paragraph which are provided for under the Rules of the Supreme Court, the clerical fee set forth in Article 18, paragraph (2), and other expenses are to be treated as national revenue.

（国庫補助金）

(Subsidies from the National Treasury)

第二十一条執行官は、一年間に収入した手数料が政令で定める額に達しないときは、国庫からその不足額の支給を受ける。

Article 21If the amount of the fees received as income by a court enforcement officer for one year fails to reach the amount specified by Cabinet Order, the court enforcement officer receives payment of the shortfall from the national treasury.