民事保全法(平成元年法律第九十一号)
Civil Provisional Remedies Act(Act No. 91 of 1989)
最終更新:平成十八年法律第五十号
Last Version: Act No. 50 of 2006
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▶本則
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▶第二章 保全命令に関する手続
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▶第三章 保全執行に関する手続
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令和7年2月13日
- 最終更新:令和五年法律第五十三号
- 翻訳日:令和6年1月12日
- 辞書バージョン:16.0
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令和3年12月28日
- 最終更新:平成二十三年法律第三十六号
- 翻訳日:平成24年3月22日
- 辞書バージョン:14.0
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平成22年3月8日
- 最終更新:平成十八年法律第五十号
- 翻訳日:平成22年1月28日
- 辞書バージョン:3.0
民事保全法
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Civil Provisional Remedies Act
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平成元年十二月二十二日法律第九十一号
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Act No. 91 of December 22, 1989
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第一章 総則(第一条―第八条)
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Chapter I General Provisions(Article 1 to Article 8)
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第二章 保全命令に関する手続
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Chapter II Procedure Concerning Temporary Restraining Order
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第一節 総則(第九条―第十一条)
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Section 1 General Provisions(Article 9 to Article 11)
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第二節 保全命令
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Section 2 Temporary Restraining Order
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第一款 通則(第十二条―第十九条)
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Subsection 1 General Rules(Article 12 to Article 19)
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第二款 仮差押命令(第二十条―第二十二条)
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Subsection 2 Order of Provisional Seizure(Article 20 to Article 22)
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第三款 仮処分命令(第二十三条―第二十五条の二)
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Subsection 3 Order of Provisional Disposition(Article 23 to Article 25-2)
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第三節 保全異議(第二十六条―第三十六条)
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Section 3 Objection to Temporary Restraining Order(Article 26 to Article 36)
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第四節 保全取消し(第三十七条―第四十条)
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Section 4 Revocation of Temporary Restraining Order(Article 37 to Article 40)
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第五節 保全抗告(第四十一条・第四十二条)
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Section 5 Appeal Pertaining to Temporary Restraining Order(Article 41 and Article 42)
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第三章 保全執行に関する手続
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Chapter III Procedure Concerning Execution of Temporary Restraining Order
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第一節 総則(第四十三条―第四十六条)
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Section 1 General Provisions(Article 43 to Article 46)
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第二節 仮差押えの執行(第四十七条―第五十一条)
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Section 2 Execution of Provisional Seizure(Article 47 to Article 51)
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第三節 仮処分の執行(第五十二条―第五十七条)
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Section 3 Execution of Provisional Disposition(Article 52 to Article 57)
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第四章 仮処分の効力(第五十八条―第六十五条)
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Chapter IV Effect of Provisional Disposition(Article 58 to Article 65)
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第五章 罰則(第六十六条・第六十七条)
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Chapter V Penal Provisions(Article 66 and Article 67)
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附 則
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Supplementary Provisions
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第一章 総則
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Chapter I General Provisions
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(趣旨)
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(Purpose)
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第一条民事訴訟の本案の権利の実現を保全するための仮差押え及び係争物に関する仮処分並びに民事訴訟の本案の権利関係につき仮の地位を定めるための仮処分(以下「民事保全」と総称する。)については、他の法令に定めるもののほか、この法律の定めるところによる。
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Article 1A provisional seizure and a provisional disposition concerning the subject matter in dispute to preserve the fulfillment of a right claimed as the merits of a civil suit, and a provisional disposition to determine provisional status with regard to a relationship of rights claimed as the merits of a civil suit (hereinafter collectively referred to as "civil provisional remedies") shall be governed by the provisions of this Act in addition to the provisions of other laws and regulations.
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(民事保全の機関及び保全執行裁判所)
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(Agency for Civil Provisional Remedy and Court of Execution of Temporary Restraining Order)
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第二条民事保全の命令(以下「保全命令」という。)は、申立てにより、裁判所が行う。
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Article 2(1)The issuance of a temporary restraining order for civil provisional remedy (hereinafter referred to as a "temporary restraining order") shall be carried out by a court upon petition.
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(3)For the execution of a temporary restraining order carried out by a court, the court of execution of a temporary restraining order shall be the court that is to make a disposition of execution pursuant to the provisions of this Act, and for the execution of a temporary restraining order carried out by a court execution officer, the court of execution of a temporary restraining order shall be the district court to which the court execution officer belongs.
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(任意的口頭弁論)
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(Optional Oral Argument)
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第三条民事保全の手続に関する裁判は、口頭弁論を経ないですることができる。
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Article 3A judicial decision relating to procedures for civil provisional remedy may be made without going through oral argument.
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(担保の提供)
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(Provision of Security)
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第四条この法律の規定により担保を立てるには、担保を立てるべきことを命じた裁判所又は保全執行裁判所の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所の管轄区域内の供託所に金銭又は担保を立てるべきことを命じた裁判所が相当と認める有価証券(社債、株式等の振替に関する法律(平成十三年法律第七十五号)第二百七十八条第一項に規定する振替債を含む。)を供託する方法その他最高裁判所規則で定める方法によらなければならない。ただし、当事者が特別の契約をしたときは、その契約による。
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Article 4(1)Security shall be provided pursuant to the provisions of this Act by making a statutory deposit of money or of securities (including book-entry transfer bonds, etc. prescribed in Article 278, paragraph (1) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Company Bonds, Shares, etc.(Act No. 75 of 2001)) that are found to be reasonable by the court that has ordered the provision of security, to an official depository within the jurisdictional district of the district court having jurisdiction over the location of the court that has ordered the provision of security or the court of execution of a temporary restraining order, or by any other method specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court; provided, however, that if the parties concerned have made a special contract, such contract shall prevail.
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(2)The provisions of Article 77, Article 79 and Article 80 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Act No. 109 of 1996) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the security set forth in the preceding paragraph.
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(事件の記録の閲覧等)
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(Inspection, etc. of the Record of a Case)
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第五条保全命令に関する手続又は保全執行に関し裁判所が行う手続について、利害関係を有する者は、裁判所書記官に対し、事件の記録の閲覧若しくは謄写、その正本、謄本若しくは抄本の交付又は事件に関する事項の証明書の交付を請求することができる。ただし、債権者以外の者にあっては、保全命令の申立てに関し口頭弁論若しくは債務者を呼び出す審尋の期日の指定があり、又は債務者に対する保全命令の送達があるまでの間は、この限りでない。
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Article 5With regard to a procedure concerning a temporary restraining order or procedure conducted by a court for the execution of a temporary restraining order, a person having an interest may make a request to a court clerk for the inspection or copying of the record of the case, issuance of an authenticated copy, transcript or extract of such record, or issuance of a certificate of matters concerning the case; provided, however, that no person other than the obligee may make such request until the date for oral argument or date for hearing for which the obligor is to be summoned is designated with respect to a petition for a temporary restraining order, or a temporary restraining order is served upon the obligor.
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(専属管轄)
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(Exclusive Jurisdiction)
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第六条この法律に規定する裁判所の管轄は、専属とする。
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Article 6The court jurisdiction prescribed in this Act shall be exclusive jurisdiction.
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(民事訴訟法の準用)
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(Application Mutatis Mutandis of the Code of Civil Procedure)
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第七条特別の定めがある場合を除き、民事保全の手続に関しては、民事訴訟法の規定を準用する。
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Article 7Except as otherwise provided for, the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure shall apply mutatis mutandis to procedures for civil provisional remedy.
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(最高裁判所規則)
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(Rules of the Supreme Court)
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第八条この法律に定めるもののほか、民事保全の手続に関し必要な事項は、最高裁判所規則で定める。
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Article 8In addition to what is provided for in this Act, necessary matters concerning procedures for civil provisional remedy shall be specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court.
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第二章 保全命令に関する手続
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Chapter II Procedure Concerning Temporary Restraining Order
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第一節 総則
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Section 1 General Provisions
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(釈明処分の特例)
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(Special Provisions on Disposition of Explanation)
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第九条裁判所は、争いに係る事実関係に関し、当事者の主張を明瞭にさせる必要があるときは、口頭弁論又は審尋の期日において、当事者のため事務を処理し、又は補助する者で、裁判所が相当と認めるものに陳述をさせることができる。
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Article 9When it is necessary in order to clarify the allegations of a party with regard to the facts pertaining to a dispute, the court may have a person, who administers affairs on behalf of the party or assists the party and whom the court considers to be appropriate, to make statements on the date for oral argument or date for hearing.
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第二節 保全命令
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Section 2 Temporary Restraining Order
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第一款 通則
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Subsection 1 General Rules
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(管轄裁判所)
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(Court with Jurisdiction)
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第十二条保全命令事件は、本案の管轄裁判所又は仮に差し押さえるべき物若しくは係争物の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所が管轄する。
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Article 12(1)A case of a temporary restraining order shall be under the jurisdiction of the court with jurisdiction over the case on the merits or the district court having jurisdiction over the location of the property to be provisionally seized or the subject matter in dispute.
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2本案の訴えが民事訴訟法第六条第一項に規定する特許権等に関する訴えである場合には、保全命令事件は、前項の規定にかかわらず、本案の管轄裁判所が管轄する。ただし、仮に差し押さえるべき物又は係争物の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所が同条第一項各号に定める裁判所であるときは、その裁判所もこれを管轄する。
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(2)Notwithstanding the provision of the preceding paragraph, where an action on the merits is an action relating to a patent right, etc. prescribed in Article 6, paragraph (1) of the Code of Civil Procedure, a case of a temporary restraining order shall be under the jurisdiction of the court with jurisdiction over the case on the merits; provided, however, that if the district court having jurisdiction over the location of the property to be provisionally seized or the subject matter in dispute is any of the courts specified in the items of paragraph (1) of said Article, such court shall also have jurisdiction over the case of a temporary restraining order.
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4仮に差し押さえるべき物又は係争物が債権(民事執行法(昭和五十四年法律第四号)第百四十三条に規定する債権をいう。以下この条において同じ。)であるときは、その債権は、その債権の債務者(以下「第三債務者」という。)の普通裁判籍の所在地にあるものとする。ただし、船舶(同法第百十二条に規定する船舶をいう。以下同じ。)又は動産(同法第百二十二条に規定する動産をいう。以下同じ。)の引渡しを目的とする債権及び物上の担保権により担保される債権は、その物の所在地にあるものとする。
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(4)When the property to be provisionally seized or the subject matter in dispute is a claim (meaning a claim prescribed in Article 143 of the Civil Execution Act (Act No. 4 of 1979); hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article), the claim shall be deemed to exist at the location of the general venue of the obligor of the claim (hereinafter referred to as the "third party obligor"); provided, however, that a claim for delivery of a vessel (meaning a vessel prescribed in Article 112 of said Act; the same shall apply hereinafter) or movables (meaning movables prescribed in Article 122 of said Act; the same shall apply hereinafter) and a claim secured by a security interest in property shall be deemed to exist at the location of such property.
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5前項本文の規定は、仮に差し押さえるべき物又は係争物が民事執行法第百六十七条第一項に規定する財産権(以下「その他の財産権」という。)で第三債務者又はこれに準ずる者があるものである場合(次項に規定する場合を除く。)について準用する。
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(5)The provision of the main clause of the preceding paragraph shall apply mutatis mutandis to the case where the property to be provisionally seized or the subject matter in dispute is a property right prescribed in Article 167, paragraph (1) of the Civil Execution Act (hereinafter referred to as "any other property right") for which a third party obligor or person equivalent thereto exists (excluding the case prescribed in the following paragraph).
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(申立て及び疎明)
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(Petition and Prima Facie Showing)
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第十三条保全命令の申立ては、その趣旨並びに保全すべき権利又は権利関係及び保全の必要性を明らかにして、これをしなければならない。
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Article 13(1)A petition for a temporary restraining order shall be filed by clarifying the purpose thereof and the right or relationship of rights to be preserved and the necessity to preserve it.
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(保全命令の担保)
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(Security for Temporary Restraining Order)
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第十四条保全命令は、担保を立てさせて、若しくは相当と認める一定の期間内に担保を立てることを保全執行の実施の条件として、又は担保を立てさせないで発することができる。
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Article 14(1)A temporary restraining order may be issued, while requiring the provision of security immediately or requiring it as a condition for the implementation of execution of a temporary restraining order to provide security within a certain period of time that is found to be reasonable, or not requiring the provision of security.
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(2)When providing security as set forth in the preceding paragraph, if it is difficult for some reason to make a statutory deposit to an official depository set forth in Article 4, paragraph (1) without delay, a statutory deposit may be made, with the permission of a court, to an official depository within the jurisdictional district of the district court having jurisdiction over the obligee's domicile or the location of the obligee's office or any other place that the court finds to be appropriate.
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(裁判長の権限)
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(Authority of Presiding Judge)
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第十五条保全命令は、急迫の事情があるときに限り、裁判長が発することができる。
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Article 15A temporary restraining order may be issued by the presiding judge only when there are pressing circumstances.
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(決定の理由)
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(Reasons for Order)
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第十六条保全命令の申立てについての決定には、理由を付さなければならない。ただし、口頭弁論を経ないで決定をする場合には、理由の要旨を示せば足りる。
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Article 16An order on a petition for a temporary restraining order shall be accompanied by the reasons therefor; provided, however, that when making such order without going through oral argument, it shall be sufficient to show the gist of the reasons.
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(送達)
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(Service)
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第十七条保全命令は、当事者に送達しなければならない。
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Article 17A temporary restraining order shall be served upon the party.
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(保全命令の申立ての取下げ)
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(Withdrawal of Petition for Temporary Restraining Order)
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第十八条保全命令の申立てを取り下げるには、保全異議又は保全取消しの申立てがあった後においても、債務者の同意を得ることを要しない。
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Article 18In order to withdraw a petition for a temporary restraining order, it shall not be required to obtain consent from the obligor even after an objection to a temporary restraining order is filed or a petition for revocation of a temporary restraining order is filed.
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(却下の裁判に対する即時抗告)
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(Immediate Appeal against Judicial Decision of Dismissal)
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第十九条保全命令の申立てを却下する裁判に対しては、債権者は、告知を受けた日から二週間の不変期間内に、即時抗告をすることができる。
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Article 19(1)An obligee may file an immediate appeal against a judicial decision to dismiss without prejudice a petition for a temporary restraining order, within an unextendable period of two weeks from the day on which he/she has been notified of such decision.
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第二款 仮差押命令
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Subsection 2 Order of Provisional Seizure
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(仮差押命令の必要性)
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(Necessity of Order of Provisional Seizure)
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第二十条仮差押命令は、金銭の支払を目的とする債権について、強制執行をすることができなくなるおそれがあるとき、又は強制執行をするのに著しい困難を生ずるおそれがあるときに発することができる。
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Article 20(1)An order for provisional seizure may be issued when it is likely that a compulsory execution regarding a claim for payment of money will not be possible, or will result in the occurrence of significant difficulties.
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(仮差押命令の対象)
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(Object of Order of Provisional Seizure)
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第二十一条仮差押命令は、特定の物について発しなければならない。ただし、動産の仮差押命令は、目的物を特定しないで発することができる。
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Article 21An order of provisional seizure shall be issued regarding specified property; provided, however, that an order of provisional seizure of movables may be issued without specifying the object.
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(仮差押解放金)
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(Money for Release from Provisional Seizure)
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第二十二条仮差押命令においては、仮差押えの執行の停止を得るため、又は既にした仮差押えの執行の取消しを得るために債務者が供託すべき金銭の額を定めなければならない。
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Article 22(1)An order of provisional seizure shall specify the amount of money to be deposited by the obligor in order to cause the execution of a provisional seizure to be stayed or cause the execution of a provisional seizure already carried out to be revoked.
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(2)A deposit of money set forth in the preceding paragraph shall be made to an official depository within the jurisdictional district of the district court having jurisdiction over the location of the court that has issued an order of provisional seizure or the court of execution of a temporary restraining order.
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第三款 仮処分命令
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Subsection 3 Order of Provisional Disposition
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(仮処分命令の必要性等)
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(Necessity, etc. of Order of Provisional Disposition)
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第二十三条係争物に関する仮処分命令は、その現状の変更により、債権者が権利を実行することができなくなるおそれがあるとき、又は権利を実行するのに著しい困難を生ずるおそれがあるときに発することができる。
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Article 23(1)An order of provisional disposition relating to the subject matter in dispute may be issued when there is a likelihood that it will be impossible or extremely difficult for the obligee to exercise his/her right due to any changes to the existing state of the subject matter.
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(4)An order of provisional disposition set forth in paragraph (2) may not be issued without holding oral argument or holding a hearing which the obligor can attend on the date fixed therefor; provided, however, that this shall not apply when there are circumstances where the objective of the petition for an order of provisional disposition cannot be achieved if such proceedings are held.
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(仮処分の方法)
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(Method of Provisional Disposition)
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第二十四条裁判所は、仮処分命令の申立ての目的を達するため、債務者に対し一定の行為を命じ、若しくは禁止し、若しくは給付を命じ、又は保管人に目的物を保管させる処分その他の必要な処分をすることができる。
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Article 24A court, in order to achieve the objective of a petition for an order of provisional disposition, may make a disposition to order the obligor to conduct a certain act or prohibit him/her from conducting it, order the obligor to provide performance or have a custodian retain the object, or make any other necessary disposition.
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(仮処分解放金)
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(Money for Release from Provisional Disposition)
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第二十五条裁判所は、保全すべき権利が金銭の支払を受けることをもってその行使の目的を達することができるものであるときに限り、債権者の意見を聴いて、仮処分の執行の停止を得るため、又は既にした仮処分の執行の取消しを得るために債務者が供託すべき金銭の額を仮処分命令において定めることができる。
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Article 25(1)A court, only when the objective of the exercise of a right to be preserved can be achieved by receiving payment of money, may specify, in an order of provisional disposition, the amount of money to be deposited by the obligor in order to cause the execution of a provisional disposition to be stayed or cause the execution of a provisional disposition already carried out to be revoked, hearing opinions from the obligee.
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(債務者を特定しないで発する占有移転禁止の仮処分命令)
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(Order of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Transfer of Possession Issued Without Specifying the Obligor)
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第二十五条の二占有移転禁止の仮処分命令(係争物の引渡し又は明渡しの請求権を保全するための仮処分命令のうち、次に掲げる事項を内容とするものをいう。以下この条、第五十四条の二及び第六十二条において同じ。)であって、係争物が不動産であるものについては、その執行前に債務者を特定することを困難とする特別の事情があるときは、裁判所は、債務者を特定しないで、これを発することができる。
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Article 25-2(1)In the case of an order of provisional disposition prohibiting transfer of possession (meaning an order of provisional disposition issued to preserve the right to claim the delivery or surrender of the subject matter in dispute, which is intended to implement the following measures; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article, Article 54-2 and Article 62), wherein the subject matter in dispute is real property, a court may issue the order without specifying the obligor when there are special circumstances that make it difficult to specify the obligor prior to the execution of such order:
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一債務者に対し、係争物の占有の移転を禁止し、及び係争物の占有を解いて執行官に引き渡すべきことを命ずること。
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(i)prohibit the obligor from transferring the possession of the subject matter in dispute, and order him/her to release the subject matter in dispute from his/her possession and deliver it to a court execution officer; and
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二執行官に、係争物の保管をさせ、かつ、債務者が係争物の占有の移転を禁止されている旨及び執行官が係争物を保管している旨を公示させること。
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(ii)have a court execution officer retain the subject matter in dispute and have him/her give public notice to the effect that the obligor is prohibited from transferring the possession of the subject matter in dispute and that the court execution officer retains the subject matter in dispute.
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3第一項の規定による占有移転禁止の仮処分命令は、第四十三条第二項の期間内にその執行がされなかったときは、債務者に対して送達することを要しない。この場合において、第四条第二項において準用する民事訴訟法第七十九条第一項の規定による担保の取消しの決定で第十四条第一項の規定により立てさせた担保に係るものは、裁判所が相当と認める方法で申立人に告知することによって、その効力を生ずる。
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(3)An order of provisional disposition prohibiting transfer of possession under the provisions of paragraph (1) shall not be required to be served upon the obligor if such order was not executed within the period set forth in Article 43, paragraph (2).In this case, an order of rescission of security under the provisions of Article 79, paragraph (1) of the Code of Civil Procedure as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 4, paragraph (2), which pertains to the security that was caused to be provided under the provisions of Article 14, paragraph (1), shall become effective by notifying the petitioner by a method found to be reasonable by the court.
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第三節 保全異議
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Section 3 Objection to Temporary Restraining Order
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(保全異議の申立て)
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(Objection to Temporary Restraining Order)
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第二十六条保全命令に対しては、債務者は、その命令を発した裁判所に保全異議を申し立てることができる。
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Article 26An obligor may file an objection to a temporary restraining order with the court that has issued the order.
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(保全執行の停止の裁判等)
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(Judicial Decision of Stay of Execution of Temporary Restraining Order)
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第二十七条保全異議の申立てがあった場合において、保全命令の取消しの原因となることが明らかな事情及び保全執行により償うことができない損害を生ずるおそれがあることにつき疎明があったときに限り、裁判所は、申立てにより、保全異議の申立てについての決定において第三項の規定による裁判をするまでの間、担保を立てさせて、又は担保を立てることを条件として保全執行の停止又は既にした執行処分の取消しを命ずることができる。
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Article 27(1)Where an objection to a temporary restraining order is filed, only when a prima facie showing is made with regard to the circumstances which will obviously be the grounds for revocation of the temporary restraining order and the likelihood that the execution of the temporary restraining order will cause damage for which compensation cannot be made, a court may, upon petition, order a stay of execution of a temporary restraining order or order revocation of a disposition of execution already made, while requiring the provision of security immediately or requiring the provision of security as a condition, until the court makes a judicial decision under the provision of paragraph (3) in its order on the objection to the temporary restraining order.
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(事件の移送)
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(Transfer of a Case)
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第二十八条裁判所は、当事者、尋問を受けるべき証人及び審尋を受けるべき参考人の住所その他の事情を考慮して、保全異議事件につき著しい遅滞を避け、又は当事者間の衡平を図るために必要があるときは、申立てにより又は職権で、当該保全命令事件につき管轄権を有する他の裁判所に事件を移送することができる。
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Article 28When it is necessary in order to avoid substantial delay in a case of an objection to a temporary restraining order or ensure equity between the parties, in consideration of the domicile of a party, a witness to be examined and a witness to be heard, and any other circumstances concerned, a court may, upon petition or by its own authority, transfer said case to another court having jurisdiction over the case of the temporary restraining order.
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(保全異議の審理)
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(Proceedings for Objection to Temporary Restraining Order)
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第二十九条裁判所は、口頭弁論又は当事者双方が立ち会うことができる審尋の期日を経なければ、保全異議の申立てについての決定をすることができない。
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Article 29A court may not make an order on an objection to a temporary restraining order without holding oral argument or holding a hearing which both parties can attend on the date fixed therefor.
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(審理の終結)
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(Conclusion of Proceedings)
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第三十一条裁判所は、審理を終結するには、相当の猶予期間を置いて、審理を終結する日を決定しなければならない。ただし、口頭弁論又は当事者双方が立ち会うことができる審尋の期日においては、直ちに審理を終結する旨を宣言することができる。
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Article 31In order to conclude proceedings, a court shall decide the day on which proceedings are to be concluded, giving a reasonable grace period; provided, however, that on the date for oral argument or date for hearing which both parties can attend, a court may immediately declare the conclusion of proceedings.
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(保全異議の申立てについての決定)
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(Order on Objection to Temporary Restraining Order)
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第三十二条裁判所は、保全異議の申立てについての決定においては、保全命令を認可し、変更し、又は取り消さなければならない。
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Article 32(1)A court shall, in an order on an objection to a temporary restraining order, approve, change or revoke the temporary restraining order.
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(2)In an order set forth in the preceding paragraph, the court may provide that it requires the obligee to provide security within a certain period of time that it finds to be reasonable, or that it increases the amount of security required under the provision of Article 14, paragraph (1) and requires the obligee to provide security for the amount of such increase within a certain period of time that it finds to be reasonable, as a condition for the implementation or continuation of the execution of a temporary restraining order.
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(原状回復の裁判)
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(Judicial Decision of Restoration)
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第三十三条仮処分命令に基づき、債権者が物の引渡し若しくは明渡し若しくは金銭の支払を受け、又は物の使用若しくは保管をしているときは、裁判所は、債務者の申立てにより、前条第一項の規定により仮処分命令を取り消す決定において、債権者に対し、債務者が引き渡し、若しくは明け渡した物の返還、債務者が支払った金銭の返還又は債権者が使用若しくは保管をしている物の返還を命ずることができる。
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Article 33Where an obligee has, based on an order of provisional disposition, received the delivery or surrender of an object or received payment of money, or used or retained an object, a court may, upon the petition of the obligor, order the obligee to return the object delivered or surrendered by the obligor, return the money paid by the obligor or return the object used or retained by the obligee, in an order to revoke the order of provisional disposition under the provision of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.
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(保全命令を取り消す決定の効力)
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(Effect of Order to Revoke Temporary Restraining Order)
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第三十四条裁判所は、第三十二条第一項の規定により保全命令を取り消す決定において、その送達を受けた日から二週間を超えない範囲内で相当と認める一定の期間を経過しなければその決定の効力が生じない旨を宣言することができる。ただし、その決定に対して保全抗告をすることができないときは、この限りでない。
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Article 34When making an order to revoke a temporary restraining order under the provision of Article 32, paragraph (1), a court may declare that such revocation order will not become effective until the expiration of a certain period of time that it finds to be reasonable, not exceeding two weeks from the day on which the service of the order has been received; provided, however, that this shall not apply when no appeal may be filed against such revocation order.
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(保全異議の申立ての取下げ)
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(Withdrawal of Objection to Temporary Restraining Order)
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第三十五条保全異議の申立てを取り下げるには、債権者の同意を得ることを要しない。
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Article 35In order to withdraw an objection to a temporary restraining order, it shall not be required to obtain consent from the obligee.
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(判事補の権限の特例)
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(Special Provisions for Powers of Assistant Judge)
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第三十六条保全異議の申立てについての裁判は、判事補が単独ですることができない。
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Article 36A judicial decision on an objection to a temporary restraining order may not be made by an assistant judge independently.
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第四節 保全取消し
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Section 4 Revocation of Temporary Restraining Order
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(本案の訴えの不提起等による保全取消し)
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(Revocation of Temporary Restraining Order by reason of the Failure to File Action on Merits, etc.)
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第三十七条保全命令を発した裁判所は、債務者の申立てにより、債権者に対し、相当と認める一定の期間内に、本案の訴えを提起するとともにその提起を証する書面を提出し、既に本案の訴えを提起しているときはその係属を証する書面を提出すべきことを命じなければならない。
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Article 37(1)A court that has issued a temporary restraining order shall, upon the petition of the obligor, order the obligee to, within a certain period of time that it finds to be reasonable, file an action on the merits and submit a document certifying the filing of the action, and if the obligee has already filed an action on the merits, order him/her to submit a document certifying that the action is pending before court.
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(5)With regard to the application of the provisions of paragraph (1) and paragraph (3), the filing of an action on the merits shall be deemed to be replaced with: the filing of a petition for conciliation with a family court if the case on the merits is a case prescribed in Article 18, paragraph (1) of the Act on Adjudication of Domestic Relations (Act No. 152 of 1947); the filing of a petition for labor tribunal proceedings with a district court if the case on the merits is a case prescribed in Article 1 of the Labor Tribunal Act (Act No. 45 of 2004); the procedure to commence arbitration proceedings if an arbitration agreement is reached in the case on the merits; and the application for an award on the liability for damages (referred to as an "award on liability" in the following paragraph) prescribed in Article 42-12, paragraph (1) of the Act for the Settlement of Environmental Pollution Disputes (Act No. 108 of 1970) if the case on the merits is a case to seek damages for suffering from environmental pollution prescribed in Article 2 of said Act.
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(6)When a conciliation case set forth in the preceding paragraph, labor tribunal proceedings set forth in said paragraph, arbitration proceedings set forth in said paragraph or award on liability proceedings set forth in said paragraph is closed, with no conciliation or labor tribunal judgment being reached or made (including the case where conciliation is not reached under the provision of Article 16 of the Civil Conciliation Act (Act No. 222 of 1951) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the provision of Article 29 of the Labor Tribunal Act, and the case where a labor tribunal case is closed under the provision of Article 24, paragraph (1) of the Labor Tribunal Act) or with no arbitration judgment or award on liability being made (including the case where an agreement between the parties is not reached set forth in Article 42-24, paragraph (2) of the Act for the Settlement of Environmental Pollution Disputes), the obligee shall file an action on the merits within the same period as the period specified under the provision of paragraph (1) from the date of the close of the case or proceedings.
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7第三項の規定は債権者が前項の規定による本案の訴えの提起をしなかった場合について、第四項の規定は前項の本案の訴えが提起され、又は労働審判法第二十二条第一項(同法第二十三条第二項及び第二十四条第二項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により訴えの提起があったものとみなされた後にその訴えが取り下げられ、又は却下された場合について準用する。
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(7)The provision of paragraph (3) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the case where the obligee has failed to file an action on the merits under the provision of the preceding paragraph, and the provision of paragraph (4) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the case where an action on the merits set forth in the preceding paragraph has been filed or such action is deemed to have been filed under the provision of Article 22, paragraph (1) of the Labor Tribunal Act (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 23, paragraph (2) and Article 24, paragraph (2) of said Act), and then the action has been withdrawn or dismissed without prejudice.
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(事情の変更による保全取消し)
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(Revocation of Temporary Restraining Order by reason of Change in Circumstances)
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第三十八条保全すべき権利若しくは権利関係又は保全の必要性の消滅その他の事情の変更があるときは、保全命令を発した裁判所又は本案の裁判所は、債務者の申立てにより、保全命令を取り消すことができる。
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Article 38(1)When the right or relationship of rights to be preserved or the necessity to preserve it no longer exists or there has been any other change in circumstances, the court that has issued a temporary restraining order or the court in charge of the case on the merits may, upon the petition of the obligor, revoke the temporary restraining order.
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(特別の事情による保全取消し)
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(Revocation of Temporary Restraining Order by reason of Special Circumstances)
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第三十九条仮処分命令により償うことができない損害を生ずるおそれがあるときその他の特別の事情があるときは、仮処分命令を発した裁判所又は本案の裁判所は、債務者の申立てにより、担保を立てることを条件として仮処分命令を取り消すことができる。
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Article 39(1)When there is a likelihood that an order of provisional disposition will cause damage for which compensation cannot be made or there are other special circumstances, the court that has issued the order of provisional disposition or the court in charge of the case on the merits may, upon the petition of the obligor, revoke the order of provision disposition, while requiring the provision of security as a condition.
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(保全異議の規定の準用等)
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(Application Mutatis Mutandis of Provisions on Objection to Temporary Restraining Order)
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第四十条第二十七条から第二十九条まで、第三十一条及び第三十三条から第三十六条までの規定は、保全取消しに関する裁判について準用する。ただし、第二十七条から第二十九条まで、第三十一条、第三十三条、第三十四条及び第三十六条の規定は、第三十七条第一項の規定による裁判については、この限りでない。
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Article 40(1)The provisions of Article 27 to Article 29, Article 31, and Article 33 to Article 36 shall apply mutatis mutandis to a judicial decision concerning revocation of a temporary restraining order; provided, however, that the provisions of Article 27 to Article 29, Article 31, Article 33, Article 34 and Article 36 shall not apply to a judicial decision under the provision of Article 37, paragraph (1).
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(2)Where a petition for revocation of a temporary restraining order is filed with the court in charge of the case on the merits that differs from the court that has issued the temporary restraining order, when the record of the case exists at the court that has issued the temporary restraining order, such court that issued the temporary restraining order may also make a judicial decision under the provision of Article 27, paragraph (1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the preceding paragraph.
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第五節 保全抗告
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Section 5 Appeal Pertaining to Temporary Restraining Order
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(保全抗告)
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(Appeal Pertaining to Temporary Restraining Order)
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第四十一条保全異議又は保全取消しの申立てについての裁判(第三十三条(前条第一項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定による裁判を含む。)に対しては、その送達を受けた日から二週間の不変期間内に、保全抗告をすることができる。ただし、抗告裁判所が発した保全命令に対する保全異議の申立てについての裁判に対しては、この限りでない。
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Article 41(1)An appeal may be filed against a judicial decision on an objection to a temporary restraining order or on a petition for revocation of a temporary restraining order (including a judicial decision under the provision of Article 33 (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (1) of the preceding Article)), within a unextendable period of two weeks from the day on which the service of the judicial decision is received; provided, however, that this shall not apply to a judicial decision on an objection to a temporary restraining order issued by a court in charge of an appeal.
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4第十六条本文、第十七条並びに第三十二条第二項及び第三項の規定は保全抗告についての決定について、第二十七条第一項、第四項及び第五項、第二十九条、第三十一条並びに第三十三条の規定は保全抗告に関する裁判について、民事訴訟法第三百四十九条の規定は保全抗告をすることができる裁判が確定した場合について準用する。
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(4)The provisions of the main clause of Article 16, Article 17, and Article 32, paragraph (2) and paragraph (3) shall apply mutatis mutandis to an order on appeal pertaining to a temporary restraining order; the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (1), paragraph (4) and paragraph (5), Article 29, Article 31, and Article 33 shall apply mutatis mutandis to a judicial decision on an appeal pertaining to a temporary restraining order; and the provision of Article 349 of the Code of Civil Procedure shall apply mutatis mutandis to the case where a judicial decision against which an appeal pertaining to a temporary restraining order may be filed becomes final and binding.
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(保全命令を取り消す決定の効力の停止の裁判)
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(Judicial Decision to Stay the Effect of an Order to Revoke Temporary Restraining Order)
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第四十二条保全命令を取り消す決定に対して保全抗告があった場合において、原決定の取消しの原因となることが明らかな事情及びその命令の取消しにより償うことができない損害を生ずるおそれがあることにつき疎明があったときに限り、抗告裁判所は、申立てにより、保全抗告についての裁判をするまでの間、担保を立てさせて、又は担保を立てることを条件として保全命令を取り消す決定の効力の停止を命ずることができる。
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Article 42(1)Where an appeal is filed against an order to revoke a temporary restraining order, only when a prima facie showing is made with regard to the circumstances which will obviously be the grounds for revocation of the order of prior instance and the likelihood that the revocation of the order will cause damage for which compensation cannot be made, the court in charge of an appeal may, upon petition, order a stay of the effect of the order to revoke the temporary restraining order, while requiring the provision of security immediately or requiring the provision of security as a condition, until it the court makes a judicial decision on the appeal.
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第三章 保全執行に関する手続
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Chapter III Procedure Concerning Execution of Temporary Restraining Order
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第一節 総則
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Section 1 General Provisions
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(保全執行の要件)
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(Requirements for Execution of Temporary Restraining Order)
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第四十三条保全執行は、保全命令の正本に基づいて実施する。ただし、保全命令に表示された当事者以外の者に対し、又はその者のためにする保全執行は、執行文の付された保全命令の正本に基づいて実施する。
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Article 43(1)The execution of a temporary restraining order shall be implemented on the basis of an authenticated copy of the temporary restraining order; provided, however, that the execution of a temporary restraining order against or in the interest of a party other than the party indicated in the temporary restraining order shall be implemented on the basis of an authenticated copy of the temporary restraining order with a certificate of execution attached thereto.
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(追加担保を提供しないことによる保全執行の取消し)
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(Revocation of Execution of Temporary Restraining Order by reason of the Failure to Provide Additional Security)
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第四十四条第三十二条第二項(第三十八条第三項及び第四十一条第四項において準用する場合を含む。以下この項において同じ。)の規定により担保を立てることを保全執行の続行の条件とする旨の裁判があったときは、債権者は、第三十二条第二項の規定により定められた期間内に担保を立てたことを証する書面をその期間の末日から一週間以内に保全執行裁判所又は執行官に提出しなければならない。
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Article 44(1)When a judicial decision is made to the effect that the provision of security shall be required as a condition for the continuation of the execution of a temporary restraining order pursuant to the provision of Article 32, paragraph (2) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 38, paragraph (3) and Article 41, paragraph (4); hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph), the obligee shall submit a document certifying that he/she has provided security within the period specified under the provision of Article 32, paragraph (2), to the court of execution of the temporary restraining order or a court execution officer within one week from the last day of said period.
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(2)Where the obligee has failed to submit the document under the provision of the preceding paragraph, when the obligor has submitted an authenticated copy of the judicial decision set forth in said paragraph, the court of execution of the temporary restraining order or a court execution officer shall revoke the disposition of execution already made.
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(3)The provision of Article 40, paragraph (2) of the Civil Execution Act shall apply mutatis mutandis when revoking a disposition of execution pursuant to the provision of the preceding paragraph.
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(第三者異議の訴えの管轄裁判所の特例)
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(Special Provisions for the Court with Jurisdiction over Third Party Action Against Execution)
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第四十五条高等裁判所が保全執行裁判所としてした保全執行に対する第三者異議の訴えは、仮に差し押さえるべき物又は係争物の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所が管轄する。
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Article 45A third party action against the execution of a temporary restraining order carried out by a high court as the court of execution of a temporary restraining order shall be under the jurisdiction of the district court having jurisdiction over the location of the property to be provisionally seized or the subject matter in dispute.
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(民事執行法の準用)
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(Application Mutatis Mutandis of the Civil Execution Act)
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第四十六条この章に特別の定めがある場合を除き、民事執行法第五条から第十四条まで、第十六条、第十八条、第二十三条第一項、第二十六条、第二十七条第二項、第二十八条、第三十条第二項、第三十二条から第三十四条まで、第三十六条から第三十八条まで、第三十九条第一項第一号から第四号まで、第六号及び第七号、第四十条並びに第四十一条の規定は、保全執行について準用する。
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Article 46Except as otherwise provided for in this Chapter, the provisions of Article 5 to Article 14, Article 16, Article 18, Article 23, paragraph (1), Article 26, Article 27, paragraph (2), Article 28, Article 30, paragraph (2), Article 32 to Article 34, Article 36 to Article 38, Article 39, paragraph (1), item (i) to item (iv), item (vi) and item (vii), Article 40, and Article 41 of the Civil Execution Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the execution of a temporary restraining order.
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第二節 仮差押えの執行
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Section 2 Execution of Provisional Seizure
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(不動産に対する仮差押えの執行)
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(Execution of Provisional Seizure Against Real Property)
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第四十七条民事執行法第四十三条第一項に規定する不動産(同条第二項の規定により不動産とみなされるものを含む。)に対する仮差押えの執行は、仮差押えの登記をする方法又は強制管理の方法により行う。これらの方法は、併用することができる。
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Article 47(1)The execution of a provisional seizure against real property prescribed in Article 43, paragraph (1) of the Civil Execution Act (including property that shall be deemed to be real property pursuant to the provision of paragraph (2) of said Article) shall be carried out by the method of making a registration of a provisional seizure or the method of compulsory administration. These methods may be used jointly.
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4強制管理の方法による仮差押えの執行においては、管理人は、次項において準用する民事執行法第百七条第一項の規定により計算した配当等に充てるべき金銭を供託し、その事情を保全執行裁判所に届け出なければならない。
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(4)When executing a provisional seizure by the method of compulsory administration, the administrator shall make a statutory deposit of the money to be allotted to the liquidating distribution, etc. as calculated under the provision of Article 107, paragraph (1) of the Civil Execution Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the following paragraph, and notify the court of execution of a temporary restraining order of such circumstances.
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5民事執行法第四十六条第二項、第四十七条第一項、第四十八条第二項、第五十三条及び第五十四条の規定は仮差押えの登記をする方法による仮差押えの執行について、同法第四十四条、第四十六条第一項、第四十七条第二項、第六項本文及び第七項、第四十八条、第五十三条、第五十四条、第九十三条から第九十三条の三まで、第九十四条から第百四条まで、第百六条並びに第百七条第一項の規定は強制管理の方法による仮差押えの執行について準用する。
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(5)The provisions of Article 46, paragraph (2), Article 47, paragraph (1), Article 48, paragraph (2), Article 53, and Article 54 of the Civil Execution Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the execution of a provisional seizure by the method of making a registration of a provisional seizure, and the provisions of Article 44, Article 46, paragraph (1), Article 47, paragraph (2), the main clause of paragraph (6), and paragraph (7), Article 48, Article 53, Article 54, Article 93 to Article 93-3, Article 94 to Article 104, Article 106, and Article 107, paragraph (1) of said Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the execution of a provisional seizure by the method of compulsory administration.
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(船舶に対する仮差押えの執行)
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(Execution of Provisional Seizure Against Vessel)
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第四十八条船舶に対する仮差押えの執行は、仮差押えの登記をする方法又は執行官に対し船舶の国籍を証する文書その他の船舶の航行のために必要な文書(以下この条において「船舶国籍証書等」という。)を取り上げて保全執行裁判所に提出すべきことを命ずる方法により行う。これらの方法は、併用することができる。
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Article 48(1)The execution of a provisional seizure against a vessel shall be carried out by the method of making a registration of a provisional seizure or the method of ordering a court execution officer to confiscate the document proving the nationality of the vessel and any other documents necessary for the navigation of the vessel (hereinafter referred to as the "certificate of the vessel's nationality, etc." in this Article) and to submit them to the court of execution of a temporary restraining order. These methods may be used jointly.
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(2)As the court of execution of a temporary restraining order, the court that has issued an order of provisional seizure shall have jurisdiction over the execution of a provisional seizure by the method of making a registration of a provisional seizure, and the district court having jurisdiction over the location of a vessel shall have jurisdiction over the execution of a provisional seizure by the method of ordering the confiscation of the certificate of the vessel's nationality, etc.
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3前条第三項並びに民事執行法第四十六条第二項、第四十七条第一項、第四十八条第二項、第五十三条及び第五十四条の規定は仮差押えの登記をする方法による仮差押えの執行について、同法第四十五条第三項、第四十七条第一項、第五十三条、第百十六条及び第百十八条の規定は船舶国籍証書等の取上げを命ずる方法による仮差押えの執行について準用する。
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(3)The provisions of paragraph (3) of the preceding Article and the provisions of Article 46, paragraph (2), Article 47, paragraph (1), Article 48, paragraph (2), Article 53, and Article 54 of the Civil Execution Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the execution of a provisional seizure by the method of making a registration of a provisional seizure, and the provisions of Article 45, paragraph (3), Article 47, paragraph (1), Article 53, Article 116 and Article 118 of said Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the execution of a provisional seizure by the method of ordering the confiscation of the certificate of the vessel's nationality, etc.
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(動産に対する仮差押えの執行)
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(Execution of Provisional Seizure Against Movables)
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第四十九条動産に対する仮差押えの執行は、執行官が目的物を占有する方法により行う。
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Article 49(1)The execution of a provisional seizure against movables shall be carried out by the method in which a court execution officer possesses the movables.
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(2)A court execution officer shall make a statutory deposit of the money that is subject to the execution of a provisional seizure. The same shall apply to the money paid to a court execution officer with regard to a bill or note, check or any other securities for payment of money, which is subject to the execution of a provisional seizure and requires presentation for underwriting or payment or requires a demand for payment within a period specified in order to exercise the right.
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3仮差押えの執行に係る動産について著しい価額の減少を生ずるおそれがあるとき、又はその保管のために不相応な費用を要するときは、執行官は、民事執行法の規定による動産執行の売却の手続によりこれを売却し、その売得金を供託しなければならない。
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(3)When there is a likelihood of a considerable decline in the price of the movables subject to the execution of a provisional seizure or if an inappropriate amount of costs are to be required for retention of such movables, a court execution officer shall sell the movables through the procedure of sale in execution against movables under the provisions of the Civil Execution Act and make a statutory deposit of the proceeds of such sale.
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(4)The provisions of Article 123 to Article 129, Article 131, Article 132 and Article 136 of the Civil Execution Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the execution of a provisional seizure against movables.
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(債権及びその他の財産権に対する仮差押えの執行)
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(Execution of Provisional Seizure Against Claims and Other Property Rights)
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第五十条民事執行法第百四十三条に規定する債権に対する仮差押えの執行は、保全執行裁判所が第三債務者に対し債務者への弁済を禁止する命令を発する方法により行う。
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Article 50(1)The execution of a provisional seizure against a claim prescribed in Article 143 of the Civil Execution Act shall be carried out by the method in which a court of execution of a temporary restraining order issues an order to prohibit the third party obligor from providing performance to the obligor.
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(3)When the third party obligor has made a statutory deposit of money equivalent to the amount of the claim for payment of money against which the provisional seizure was executed, it shall be deemed that the obligor has made a statutory deposit of money equivalent to the amount of money specified under the provision of Article 22, paragraph (1); provided, however, that this shall not apply to any part of the deposit which exceeds said amount of money.
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5民事執行法第百四十五条第二項から第五項まで、第百四十六条から第百五十三条まで、第百五十六条、第百六十四条第五項及び第六項並びに第百六十七条の規定は、第一項の債権及びその他の財産権に対する仮差押えの執行について準用する。
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(5)The provisions of Article 145, paragraph (2) to paragraph (5), Article 146 to Article 153, Article 156, Article 164, paragraph (5) and paragraph (6), and Article 167 of the Civil Execution Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the execution of a provisional seizure against a claim and any other property right as set forth in paragraph (1).
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(仮差押解放金の供託による仮差押えの執行の取消し)
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(Revocation of Execution of Provisional Seizure by reason of Deposit of Money for Release from Provisional Seizure)
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第五十一条債務者が第二十二条第一項の規定により定められた金銭の額に相当する金銭を供託したことを証明したときは、保全執行裁判所は、仮差押えの執行を取り消さなければならない。
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Article 51(1)When the obligor has proved that he/she made a statutory deposit of money equivalent to the amount of money specified under the provision of Article 22, paragraph (1), the court of execution of a temporary restraining order shall revoke the execution of a provisional seizure.
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(2)Notwithstanding the provision of Article 12, paragraph (2) of the Civil Execution Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 46, an order made under the provision of the preceding paragraph shall become effective immediately.
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第三節 仮処分の執行
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Section 3 Execution of Provisional Disposition
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(仮処分の執行)
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(Execution of Provisional Disposition)
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第五十二条仮処分の執行については、この節に定めるもののほか、仮差押えの執行又は強制執行の例による。
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Article 52(1)The execution of a provisional disposition shall be governed by the rules of execution of a provisional seizure or compulsory execution in addition to the provisions of this Section.
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(不動産の登記請求権を保全するための処分禁止の仮処分の執行)
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(Execution of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Disposition of Property for Preserving the Right to Claim Registration of Real Property)
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第五十三条不動産に関する権利についての登記(仮登記を除く。)を請求する権利(以下「登記請求権」という。)を保全するための処分禁止の仮処分の執行は、処分禁止の登記をする方法により行う。
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Article 53(1)The execution of a provisional disposition prohibiting the disposition of property for the purpose of preserving the right to claim a registration (excluding a provisional registration) of a right relating to real property (hereinafter referred to as the "right to claim registration") shall be carried out by the method of making a registration of prohibition of disposition of property.
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(2)The execution of a provisional disposition prohibiting the disposition of property for the purpose of preserving the right to claim a registration of the preservation, establishment or change of a right other than ownership relating to real property shall be carried out by the method of making a provisional registration by means of a provisional disposition (hereinafter referred to as a "provisional registration for the purpose of preservation") together with a registration of prohibition of disposition of property set forth in the preceding paragraph.
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(3)The provisions of Article 47, paragraph (2) and paragraph (3), and the provisions of Article 48, paragraph (2), Article 53, and Article 54 of the Civil Execution Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the execution of a provisional disposition prohibiting the disposition of property set forth in the preceding two paragraphs.
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(不動産に関する権利以外の権利についての登記又は登録請求権を保全するための処分禁止の仮処分の執行)
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(Execution of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Disposition of Property for Preserving the Right to Claim Registration of a Right Other Than a Right Relating to Real Property)
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第五十四条前条の規定は、不動産に関する権利以外の権利で、その処分の制限につき登記又は登録を対抗要件又は効力発生要件とするものについての登記(仮登記を除く。)又は登録(仮登録を除く。)を請求する権利を保全するための処分禁止の仮処分の執行について準用する。
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Article 54The provision of the preceding Article shall apply mutatis mutandis to the execution of a provisional disposition prohibiting the disposition of property for the purpose of preserving the right to claim a registration (excluding a provisional registration) of a right, other than a right relating to real property, for which the restriction of the disposition thereof may not be duly asserted against a third party or nor shall it become effective unless it has been registered.
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(債務者を特定しないで発された占有移転禁止の仮処分命令の執行)
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(Execution of Order of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Transfer of Possession Issued Without Specifying the Obligor)
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第五十四条の二第二十五条の二第一項の規定による占有移転禁止の仮処分命令の執行は、係争物である不動産の占有を解く際にその占有者を特定することができない場合は、することができない。
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Article 54-2An order of provisional disposition prohibiting transfer of possession issued under the provision of Article 25-2, paragraph (1) may not be executed in cases where it is unable to specify the possessor of real property, which is the subject matter in dispute, at the time of releasing such real property from possession.
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(建物収去土地明渡請求権を保全するための建物の処分禁止の仮処分の執行)
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(Execution of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Disposition of a Building for Preserving the Right to Claim Removal of the Building and Surrender of Land)
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第五十五条建物の収去及びその敷地の明渡しの請求権を保全するため、その建物の処分禁止の仮処分命令が発せられたときは、その仮処分の執行は、処分禁止の登記をする方法により行う。
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Article 55(1)When an order of provisional disposition is issued to prohibit the disposition of a building for the purpose of preserving the right to claim the removal of the building and the surrender of the land on which it stands, the execution of the provisional disposition shall be carried out by the method of making a registration of prohibition of disposition of property.
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(2)The provisions of Article 47, paragraph (2) and paragraph (3), and the provisions of Article 48, paragraph (2), Article 53, and Article 54 of the Civil Execution Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the execution of a provisional disposition prohibiting the disposition of property set forth in the preceding paragraph.
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(法人の代表者の職務執行停止の仮処分等の登記の嘱託)
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(Commission of Registration of a Provisional Disposition Suspending Execution of Duties by the Representative of a Juridical Person, etc.)
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第五十六条法人を代表する者その他法人の役員として登記された者について、その職務の執行を停止し、若しくはその職務を代行する者を選任する仮処分命令又はその仮処分命令を変更し、若しくは取り消す決定がされた場合には、裁判所書記官は、法人の本店又は主たる事務所の所在地(外国法人にあっては、各事務所の所在地)を管轄する登記所にその登記を嘱託しなければならない。ただし、これらの事項が登記すべきものでないときは、この限りでない。
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Article 56When an order of provisional disposition is made to suspend the execution of duties by a person registered as a representative or any other officer of a juridical person or to appoint a person who will execute such duties on behalf of such registered person or when an order is made to change or revoke such order of provisional disposition, a court clerk shall commission the registry office having jurisdiction over the location of the head office or principal office of the juridical person (in the case of a foreign juridical person, the location of its office) to make a registration to that effect; provided, however, that this shall not apply in cases where these matters should not be registered.
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(仮処分解放金の供託による仮処分の執行の取消し)
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(Revocation of Execution of Provisional Disposition by reason of Deposit of Money for Release from Provisional Disposition)
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第五十七条債務者が第二十五条第一項の規定により定められた金銭の額に相当する金銭を供託したことを証明したときは、保全執行裁判所は、仮処分の執行を取り消さなければならない。
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Article 57(1)When the obligor has proved that he/she made a statutory deposit of money equivalent to the amount of money specified under the provision of Article 25, paragraph (1), the court of execution of a temporary restraining order shall revoke the execution of a provisional disposition.
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第四章 仮処分の効力
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Chapter IV Effect of Provisional Disposition
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(不動産の登記請求権を保全するための処分禁止の仮処分の効力)
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(Effect of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Disposition of Property for Preserving the Right to Claim Registration of Real Property)
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第五十八条第五十三条第一項の処分禁止の登記の後にされた登記に係る権利の取得又は処分の制限は、同項の仮処分の債権者が保全すべき登記請求権に係る登記をする場合には、その登記に係る権利の取得又は消滅と抵触する限度において、その債権者に対抗することができない。
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Article 58(1)The acquisition of a right or restriction of disposition, which is registered after a registration of prohibition of disposition is made as set forth in Article 53, paragraph (1), may not be duly asserted against the obligee regarding a provisional disposition set forth in said paragraph to the extent that it is in conflict with the acquisition or extinction of the right pertaining to said registration, when the obligee makes a registration pertaining to the right to claim registration to be preserved.
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(2)In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, the obligee regarding a provisional disposition set forth in Article 53, paragraph (1) (excluding the obligee regarding a provisional disposition set forth in paragraph (2) of said Article) may cancel any registration that is made after a registration of prohibition of disposition of property set forth in paragraph (1) of said Article.
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(3)When the obligee regarding a provisional disposition set forth in Article 53, paragraph (2) makes a registration of the right to claim registration to be preserved, he/she shall do so by the method of making a principal registration based on a provisional registration for the purpose of preservation.
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(4)Where the obligee regarding a provisional disposition set forth in Article 53, paragraph (2) makes a registration pursuant to the provision of the preceding paragraph, if a right pertaining to the right to claim registration to be preserved by way of the provisional disposition is a right to use or profit from real property, he/she may cancel any registration of the acquisition of a right to use or profit from real property (excluding ownership) or a right established on such right, which is made after a registration of prohibition of disposition of property set forth in paragraph (1) of said Article.
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(登記の抹消の通知)
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(Notice of Cancellation of Registration)
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第五十九条仮処分の債権者が前条第二項又は第四項の規定により登記を抹消するには、あらかじめ、その登記の権利者に対し、その旨を通知しなければならない。
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Article 59(1)When the obligee regarding a provisional disposition cancels a registration pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) or paragraph (4) of the preceding Article, he/she shall give notice to the holder of the registration to that effect in advance.
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(2)The notice under the provision of the preceding paragraph may be dispatched to the domicile or the office of the registration holder set forth in said paragraph as indicated in the registry as of the time of the dispatch. In this case, the notice shall be deemed to have reached the destination when one week has elapsed from the day on which it was dispatched, at the latest.
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(仮処分命令の更正等)
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(Correction, etc. of Order of Provisional Disposition)
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第六十条保全仮登記に係る権利の表示がその保全仮登記に基づく本登記をすべき旨の本案の債務名義における権利の表示と符合しないときは、第五十三条第二項の処分禁止の仮処分の命令を発した裁判所は、債権者の申立てにより、その命令を更正しなければならない。
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Article 60(1)If the description of a right pertaining to a provisional registration for the purpose of preservation is inconsistent with the description of the right in a title of obligation on the merits which orders that a principal registration should be made based on the provisional registration for the purpose of preservation, the court that has issued an order of provisional disposition prohibiting the disposition of property set forth in Article 53, paragraph (2) shall correct the order upon the petition of the obligee.
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(不動産に関する権利以外の権利についての登記又は登録請求権を保全するための処分禁止の仮処分の効力)
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(Effect of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Disposition of Property for Preserving the Right to Claim Registration of a Right Other Than a Right Relating to Real Property)
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第六十一条前三条の規定は、第五十四条に規定する処分禁止の仮処分の効力について準用する。
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Article 61The provisions of the preceding three Articles shall apply mutatis mutandis to the effect of a provisional disposition prohibiting the disposition of property prescribed in Article 54.
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(占有移転禁止の仮処分命令の効力)
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(Effect of Order of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Transfer of Possession)
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第六十二条占有移転禁止の仮処分命令の執行がされたときは、債権者は、本案の債務名義に基づき、次に掲げる者に対し、係争物の引渡し又は明渡しの強制執行をすることができる。
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Article 62(1)When an order of provisional disposition prohibiting transfer of possession has been executed, the obligee may effect the compulsory execution of the delivery or surrender of the subject matter in dispute against either of the following persons based on a title of obligation on the merits:
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一当該占有移転禁止の仮処分命令の執行がされたことを知って当該係争物を占有した者
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(i)a person who took possession of the subject matter in dispute, knowing that the order of provisional disposition prohibiting transfer of possession has been executed; or
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二当該占有移転禁止の仮処分命令の執行後にその執行がされたことを知らないで当該係争物について債務者の占有を承継した者
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(ii)a person who succeeded to the obligor's possession of the subject matter in dispute after the execution of the order of provisional disposition prohibiting transfer of possession, without knowing that said order has been executed.
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(執行文の付与に対する異議の申立ての理由)
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(Reasons for Objection to Grant of Certificate of Execution)
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第六十三条前条第一項の本案の債務名義につき同項の債務者以外の者に対する執行文が付与されたときは、その者は、執行文の付与に対する異議の申立てにおいて、債権者に対抗することができる権原により当該物を占有していること、又はその仮処分の執行がされたことを知らず、かつ、債務者の占有の承継人でないことを理由とすることができる。
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Article 63When a certificate of execution against a person other than the obligor set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article has been granted with regard to a title of obligation on the merits set forth in said paragraph, such person may make an objection to the grant of the certificate of execution on the basis that he/she possesses the subject matter based on a title that may be duly asserted against the obligee or that he/she had no knowledge of the provisional disposition having been executed and that he/she is not a successor to the obligor's possession.
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(建物収去土地明渡請求権を保全するための建物の処分禁止の仮処分の効力)
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(Effect of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Disposition of a Building for Preserving the Right to Claim Removal of the Building and Surrender of Land)
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第六十四条第五十五条第一項の処分禁止の登記がされたときは、債権者は、本案の債務名義に基づき、その登記がされた後に建物を譲り受けた者に対し、建物の収去及びその敷地の明渡しの強制執行をすることができる。
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Article 64When a registration of prohibition of disposition of property set forth in Article 55, paragraph (1) has been made, the obligee may effect the compulsory execution of the removal of a building and surrender of the land on which it stands, against the person who has acquired the building after said registration was made, based on a title of obligation on the merits.
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(詐害行為取消権を保全するための仮処分における解放金に対する権利の行使)
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(Exercise of the Right to Money for Release Upon Provisional Disposition for Preserving the Right to Request Avoidance of Fraudulent Act)
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第六十五条民法(明治二十九年法律第八十九号)第四百二十四条第一項の規定による詐害行為取消権を保全するための仮処分命令において定められた第二十五条第一項の金銭の額に相当する金銭が供託されたときは、同法第四百二十四条第一項の債務者は、供託金の還付を請求する権利(以下「還付請求権」という。)を取得する。この場合において、その還付請求権は、その仮処分の執行が第五十七条第一項の規定により取り消され、かつ、保全すべき権利についての本案の判決が確定した後に、その仮処分の債権者が同法第四百二十四条第一項の債務者に対する債務名義によりその還付請求権に対し強制執行をするときに限り、これを行使することができる。
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Article 65When a statutory deposit has been made of money equivalent to the amount of money set forth in Article 25, paragraph (1) as specified by an order of provisional disposition for the purpose of preserving a right to request avoidance of a fraudulent act under the provision of Article 424, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896), the obligor set forth in Article 424, paragraph (1) of said Code shall acquire the right to claim refund of the deposit money (hereinafter referred to as a "claim for refund").In this case, such claim for refund may be exercised only when the obligee regarding the provisional disposition effects compulsory execution against the claim for refund based on the title of obligation against the obligor set forth in Article 424, paragraph (1) of said Code after the execution of the provisional disposition has been revoked pursuant to the provision of Article 57, paragraph (1) and a judgment on merits concerning the right to be preserved has become final and binding.
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第五章 罰則
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Chapter V Penal Provisions
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(公示書等損壊罪)
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(Crime of Damaging a Written Public Notice, etc.)
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第六十六条第五十二条第一項の規定によりその例によることとされる民事執行法第百六十八条の二第三項又は第四項の規定により執行官が公示するために施した公示書その他の標識を損壊した者は、一年以下の懲役又は百万円以下の罰金に処する。
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Article 66A person who has damaged a written public notice or any other sign posted by a court execution officer pursuant to the provisions of Article 168-2, paragraph (3) or paragraph (4) of the Civil Execution Act which are applicable pursuant to the provision of Article 52, paragraph (1) shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than one year or a fine of not more than one million yen.
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(陳述等拒絶の罪)
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(Crime of Refusing to Make a Statement, etc.)
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第六十七条第五十二条第一項の規定によりその例によることとされる民事執行法第百六十八条第二項の規定による執行官の質問又は文書の提出の要求に対し、正当な理由なく、陳述をせず、若しくは文書の提示を拒み、又は虚偽の陳述をし、若しくは虚偽の記載をした文書を提示した債務者又は同項に規定する不動産等を占有する第三者は、六月以下の懲役又は五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
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Article 67An obligor or a third party possessing the real property, etc. prescribed in Article 168, paragraph (2) of the Civil Execution Act which is applicable pursuant to the provision of Article 52, paragraph (1), who has failed to make a statement or refused to present a document or has made a false statement or presented a document containing a false statement, without justifiable grounds, in response to a question asked by or a request for submission of a document made by a court execution officer under the provision of Article 168, paragraph (2) of the Civil Execution Act shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than six months or a fine of not more than 500,000 yen.
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附 則〔抄〕
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Supplementary Provisions[Extract]
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(施行期日)
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(Effective Date)
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第一条この法律は、公布の日から起算して二年を超えない範囲内において政令で定める日から施行する。
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Article 1This Act shall come into effect as from the day specified by Cabinet Order within a period not exceeding two years from the date of promulgation.
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(Transitional Measures upon Partial Revision of the Code of Civil Procedure and the Civil Execution Act)
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第四条この法律の施行前にした仮差押え又は仮処分の命令の申請に係る仮差押え又は仮処分の事件については、なお従前の例による。
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Article 4With regard to a case of a provisional seizure or provisional disposition based on an application for an order of provisional seizure or provisional disposition filed prior to the enforcement of this Act, the provisions then in force shall remain applicable.
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(人事訴訟手続法の一部改正に伴う経過措置)
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(Transitional Measures upon Partial Revision of the Personal Status Litigation Procedure Act)
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第六条この法律の施行前にした人事訴訟手続法第十六条に規定する仮処分の命令の申請に係る仮処分の事件については、なお従前の例による。
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Article 6With regard to a case of provisional disposition based on an application for an order of provisional disposition prescribed in Article 16 of the Personal Status Litigation Procedure Act filed prior to the enforcement of this Act, the provisions then in force shall remain applicable.
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(不動産登記法の一部改正に伴う経過措置)
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(Transitional Measures upon Partial Revision of the Real Property Registration Act)
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第八条前条の規定による改正後の不動産登記法第百四十六条ノ二第三項の規定は、この法律の施行前にした仮処分の命令の申請に基づき発せられた不動産に関する権利についての登記を請求する権利を保全するための処分禁止の仮処分(家事審判法第十五条の三第一項の仮処分にあっては、附則第十二条に規定する審判前の保全処分であるものに限る。)の債権者がする申請に基づき、その仮処分の登記に後れる登記を抹消する場合について準用する。
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Article 8The provision of Article 146-2, paragraph (3) of the Real Property Registration Act revised under the provision of the preceding Article shall apply mutatis mutandis to the case of canceling any registration made after the registration of a provisional disposition prohibiting the disposition of property for the purpose of preserving the right to claim a registration of a right relating to real property, which was issued based on an application for an order of provisional disposition filed prior to the enforcement of this Act (in the case of a provisional disposition set forth in Article 15-3, paragraph (1) of the Act on Adjudication of Domestic Relations, limited to one that is a temporary restraining order prior to adjudication prescribed in Article 12 of the Supplementary Provisions), where such cancellation is based on an application filed by said obligee.
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(家事審判法の一部改正に伴う経過措置)
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(Transitional Measures upon Partial Revision of the Act on Adjudication of Domestic Relations)
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第十二条この法律の施行前にした家事審判法第十五条の三第一項の規定による審判(同条第五項の裁判を含む。)に係る審判前の保全処分の事件については、なお従前の例による。
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Article 12With regard to a case of a temporary restraining order prior to adjudication concerning an adjudication prescribed in Article 15-3, paragraph (1) of the Act on Adjudication of Domestic Relations (including a judicial decision set forth in paragraph (5) of said Article), which was made prior to the enforcement of this Act, the provisions then in force shall remain applicable.
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