信託法(平成十八年法律第百八号)
Trust Act(Act No. 108 of 2006)
最終更新:平成二十三年法律第五十三号
Last Version: Act No. 53 of 2011
目次
履歴
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▶本則
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▶第三章 受託者等
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▶第五節 受託者の変更等
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▶第四章 受益者等
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▶第四節 信託管理人等
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▶第六章 信託の変更、併合及び分割
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▶第七章 信託の終了及び清算
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▶第八章 受益証券発行信託の特例
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▶第九章 限定責任信託の特例
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令和5年10月12日
- 最終更新:平成二十三年法律第五十三号
- 翻訳日:令和5年3月15日
- 辞書バージョン:15.0
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平成27年6月2日
- 最終更新:平成二十三年法律第五十三号
- 翻訳日:平成25年2月22日
- 辞書バージョン:3.0
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平成22年11月25日
- 最終更新:
- 翻訳日:平成21年11月2日
- 辞書バージョン:3.0
信託法
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Trust Act
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平成十八年十二月十五日法律第百八号
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Act No. 108 of December 15, 2006
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第一章 総則(第一条―第十三条)
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Chapter I General Provisions(Article 1 to Article 13)
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第二章 信託財産等(第十四条―第二十五条)
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Chapter II Trust Property(Article 14 to Article 25)
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第三章 受託者等
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Chapter III Trustee
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第一節 受託者の権限(第二十六条―第二十八条)
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Section 1 Trustee's Powers(Article 26 to Article 28)
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第二節 受託者の義務等(第二十九条―第三十九条)
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Section 2 Trustee's Duties(Article 29 to Article 39)
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第三節 受託者の責任等(第四十条―第四十七条)
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Section 3 Trustee's Liabilities(Article 40 to Article 47)
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第四節 受託者の費用等及び信託報酬等(第四十八条―第五十五条)
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Section 4 Expenses and Trust Fees of Trustee(Article 48 to Article 55)
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第五節 受託者の変更等
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Section 5 Change of Trustee
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第一款 受託者の任務の終了(第五十六条―第五十八条)
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Subsection 1 Termination of Trustee's Duty as Trustee(Article 56 to Article 58)
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第二款 前受託者の義務等(第五十九条―第六十一条)
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Subsection 2 Duties of the Former Trustee(Article 59 to Article 61)
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第三款 新受託者の選任(第六十二条)
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Subsection 3 Appointment of New Trustee(Article 62)
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第四款 信託財産管理者等(第六十三条―第七十四条)
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Subsection 4 Trust Property Administrator(Article 63 to Article 74)
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第五款 受託者の変更に伴う権利義務の承継等(第七十五条―第七十八条)
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Subsection 5 Succession to Rights and Duties upon Change in Trustee(Article 75 to Article 78)
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第六節 受託者が二人以上ある信託の特例(第七十九条―第八十七条)
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Section 6 Special Rules for Trust with Two or More Trustees(Article 79 to Article 87)
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第四章 受益者等
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Chapter IV Beneficiary
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第一節 受益者の権利の取得及び行使(第八十八条―第九十二条)
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Section 1 Acquisition and Exercise of Rights by Beneficiary(Article 88 to Article 92)
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第二節 受益権等
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Section 2 Beneficial Interest
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第一款 受益権の譲渡等(第九十三条―第九十八条)
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Subsection 1 Assignment of Beneficial Interest(Article 93 to Article 98)
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第二款 受益権の放棄(第九十九条)
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Subsection 2 Waiver of Beneficial Interest(Article 99)
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第三款 受益債権(第百条―第百二条)
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Subsection 3 Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary(Article 100 to Article 102)
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第四款 受益権取得請求権(第百三条・第百四条)
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Subsection 4 Beneficiary's Rights to Demand that the Trustee Acquire Beneficial Interest(Article 103 and Article 104)
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第三節 二人以上の受益者による意思決定の方法の特例
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Section 3 Special Rules for Decision-Making Means Involving Two or More Beneficiaries
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第一款 総則(第百五条)
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Subsection 1 General Provisions(Article 105)
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第二款 受益者集会(第百六条―第百二十二条)
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Subsection 2 Beneficiaries Meeting(Article 106 to Article 122)
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第四節 信託管理人等
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Section 4 Trust Administrator and Others
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第一款 信託管理人(第百二十三条―第百三十条)
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Subsection 1 Trust Administrator(Article 123 to Article 130)
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第二款 信託監督人(第百三十一条―第百三十七条)
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Subsection 2 Trust Supervisor(Article 131 to Article 137)
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第三款 受益者代理人(第百三十八条―第百四十四条)
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Subsection 3 Beneficiary's Agent(Article 138 to Article 144)
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第五章 委託者(第百四十五条―第百四十八条)
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Chapter V Settlor(Article 145 to Article 148)
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第六章 信託の変更、併合及び分割
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Chapter VI Modification, Consolidation, and Split of Trusts
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第一節 信託の変更(第百四十九条・第百五十条)
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Section 1 Modification of Trust(Article 149 and Article 150)
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第二節 信託の併合(第百五十一条―第百五十四条)
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Section 2 Consolidation of Trusts(Article 151 to Article 154)
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第三節 信託の分割
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Section 3 Split of a Trust
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第一款 吸収信託分割(第百五十五条―第百五十八条)
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Subsection 1 Absorption-Type Trust Split(Article 155 to Article 158)
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第二款 新規信託分割(第百五十九条―第百六十二条)
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Subsection 2 Creation-Type Trust Split(Article 159 to Article 162)
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第七章 信託の終了及び清算
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Chapter VII Termination and Liquidation of Trust
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第一節 信託の終了(第百六十三条―第百七十四条)
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Section 1 Termination of Trust(Article 163 to Article 174)
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第二節 信託の清算(第百七十五条―第百八十四条)
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Section 2 Liquidation of Trust(Article 175 to Article 184)
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第八章 受益証券発行信託の特例
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Chapter VIII Special Rules for Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest
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第一節 総則(第百八十五条―第百九十三条)
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Section 1 General Provisions(Article 185 to Article 193)
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第二節 受益権の譲渡等の特例(第百九十四条―第二百六条)
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Section 2 Special Rules for Assignment of Beneficial Interest(Article 194 to Article 206)
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第三節 受益証券(第二百七条―第二百十一条)
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Section 3 Certificate of Beneficial Interest(Article 207 to Article 211)
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第四節 関係当事者の権利義務等の特例(第二百十二条―第二百十五条)
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Section 4 Special Rules for Rights and Duties of Relevant Parties(Article 212 to Article 215)
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第九章 限定責任信託の特例
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Chapter IX Special Rules for Limited Liability Trust
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第一節 総則(第二百十六条―第二百二十一条)
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Section 1 General Provisions(Article 216 to Article 221)
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第二節 計算等の特例(第二百二十二条―第二百三十一条)
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Section 2 Special Rules for Accounting(Article 222 to Article 231)
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第三節 限定責任信託の登記(第二百三十二条―第二百四十七条)
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Section 3 Registration of Limited Liability Trust(Article 232 to Article 247)
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第十章 受益証券発行限定責任信託の特例(第二百四十八条―第二百五十七条)
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Chapter X Special Rules for Limited Liability Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest(Article 248 to Article 257)
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第十一章 受益者の定めのない信託の特例(第二百五十八条―第二百六十一条)
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Chapter XI Special Rules for Trust with No Provisions on a Beneficiary(Article 258 to Article 261)
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第十二章 雑則
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Chapter XII Miscellaneous Provisions
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第一節 非訟(第二百六十二条―第二百六十四条)
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Section 1 Non-Contentious Case(Article 262 to Article 264)
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第二節 公告等(第二百六十五条・第二百六十六条)
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Section 2 Public Notice(Article 265 and Article 266)
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第十三章 罰則(第二百六十七条―第二百七十一条)
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Chapter XIII Penal Provisions(Article 267 to Article 271)
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附 則
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Supplementary Provisions
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第一章 総則
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Chapter I General Provisions
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(趣旨)
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(Purpose)
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第一条信託の要件、効力等については、他の法令に定めるもののほか、この法律の定めるところによる。
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Article 1The requirements, effect, etc. of a trust are governed by the provisions of this Act in addition to the provisions of other laws and regulations.
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(定義)
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(Definitions)
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第二条この法律において「信託」とは、次条各号に掲げる方法のいずれかにより、特定の者が一定の目的(専らその者の利益を図る目的を除く。同条において同じ。)に従い財産の管理又は処分及びその他の当該目的の達成のために必要な行為をすべきものとすることをいう。
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Article 2(1)The term "Trust" as used in this Act means an arrangement in which a specific person, by employing any of the means listed in the items of the following Article, administers or disposes of property in accordance with a certain purpose (excluding the purpose of exclusively promoting the person's own interests; the same applies in the following Article) and conducts any other acts that are necessary to achieve said purpose.
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一次条第一号に掲げる方法による信託同号の信託契約
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(i)a Trust created by the means set forth in item (i) of the following Article:a Trust Agreement as set forth in said item;
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二次条第二号に掲げる方法による信託同号の遺言
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(ii)a Trust created by the means set forth in item (ii) of the following Article:a will as set forth in said item; and
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三次条第三号に掲げる方法による信託同号の書面又は電磁的記録(同号に規定する電磁的記録をいう。)によってする意思表示
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(iii)a Trust created by the means set forth in item (iii) of the following Article:a manifestation of intention made by way of a document or electronic or magnetic record (meaning an electronic or magnetic record as prescribed in said item) as set forth in said item.
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(7)The term "Beneficial Interest" as used in this Act means a claim based on the Terms of Trust pertaining to the obligation of a Trustee to distribute property that comes under Trust Property to a Beneficiary or to make any other distribution involving the Trust Property (hereinafter referred to as the "Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary"), and the right to request a Trustee or any other person to carry out certain acts under the provisions of this Act in order to secure said claims.
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(11)As used in this Act: the term "Absorption-Type Trust Split" means the transfer of a part of a Trust's Trust Property into the Trust Property of another Trust that has the same Trustee; the term "Creation-Type Trust Split" means the transfer of a part of a Trust's Trust Property into the Trust Property of a new Trust that has the same Trustee; and the term "Split of a Trust" means an Absorption-Type Trust Split or Creation-Type Trust Split.
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(信託の方法)
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(Means of Creating Trust)
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第三条信託は、次に掲げる方法のいずれかによってする。
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Article 3A Trust is created by any of the following means:
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一特定の者との間で、当該特定の者に対し財産の譲渡、担保権の設定その他の財産の処分をする旨並びに当該特定の者が一定の目的に従い財産の管理又は処分及びその他の当該目的の達成のために必要な行為をすべき旨の契約(以下「信託契約」という。)を締結する方法
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(i)by concluding an agreement with a specific person to the effect that the person will be assigned property, that the person will be granted a security interest in property, or that property will otherwise be disposed of to the person, and that said specific person must administer or dispose of said property in accordance with a certain purpose and carry out any other acts that are necessary for achieving said purpose (hereinafter referred to as the "Trust Agreement");
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二特定の者に対し財産の譲渡、担保権の設定その他の財産の処分をする旨並びに当該特定の者が一定の目的に従い財産の管理又は処分及びその他の当該目的の達成のために必要な行為をすべき旨の遺言をする方法
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(ii)by making a will to the effect that a specific person will be assigned property, that the person will be granted a security interest in property, or that property will otherwise be disposed of to the person, and that said specific person must administer or dispose of said property in accordance with a certain purpose and carry out any other acts that are necessary for achieving said purpose; or
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三特定の者が一定の目的に従い自己の有する一定の財産の管理又は処分及びその他の当該目的の達成のために必要な行為を自らすべき旨の意思表示を公正証書その他の書面又は電磁的記録(電子的方式、磁気的方式その他人の知覚によっては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であって、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるものとして法務省令で定めるものをいう。以下同じ。)で当該目的、当該財産の特定に必要な事項その他の法務省令で定める事項を記載し又は記録したものによってする方法
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(iii)by a manifestation of intention of a specific person to administer or dispose of a certain portion of the property that the person holds in accordance with a certain purpose and for the person to conduct any other acts that are necessary for achieving said purpose by said person, with the manifestation of said intention being evidenced by a notarial deed or any other document or electronic or magnetic record (meaning a record used in computer data processing, which is created in electronic form, magnetic form, or any other form that cannot be perceived through the human senses alone, as specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice; the same applies hereinafter) in which said purpose, the particulars necessary for specifying said property, and other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice have been stated or recorded.
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(信託の効力の発生)
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(Coming into Effect of Trust)
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第四条前条第一号に掲げる方法によってされる信託は、委託者となるべき者と受託者となるべき者との間の信託契約の締結によってその効力を生ずる。
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Article 4(1)A Trust created by the means set forth in item (i) of the preceding Article comes into effect when a Trust Agreement is concluded between the person who is to be a Settlor and another person who is to be a Trustee.
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一公正証書又は公証人の認証を受けた書面若しくは電磁的記録(以下この号及び次号において「公正証書等」と総称する。)によってされる場合当該公正証書等の作成
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(i)if the Trust is created by means of a notarial deed or any other document or electronic or magnetic record authenticated by a notary (hereinafter referred to as the "Notarial Deed, etc." in this item and the following item):when the Notarial Deed, etc. is executed; or
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二公正証書等以外の書面又は電磁的記録によってされる場合受益者となるべき者として指定された第三者(当該第三者が二人以上ある場合にあっては、その一人)に対する確定日付のある証書による当該信託がされた旨及びその内容の通知
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(ii)if the Trust is created by means of a document or electronic or magnetic record other than a Notarial Deed, etc.:when notice is given by means of an instrument bearing a fixed date to the third party designated as the person who is to be the Beneficiary (if there are two or more said third parties, to one of them), with regard to the fact that the Trust has been created and the contents thereof.
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(遺言信託における信託の引受けの催告)
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(Demand to Undertake Trust by Will)
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第五条第三条第二号に掲げる方法によって信託がされた場合において、当該遺言に受託者となるべき者を指定する定めがあるときは、利害関係人は、受託者となるべき者として指定された者に対し、相当の期間を定めて、その期間内に信託の引受けをするかどうかを確答すべき旨を催告することができる。ただし、当該定めに停止条件又は始期が付されているときは、当該停止条件が成就し、又は当該始期が到来した後に限る。
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Article 5(1)Where a Trust is created by the means set forth in Article 3, item (ii), if the will contains a provision designating a specific person to be the Trustee, any interested party may specify a reasonable period of time and demand the person designated as the one who is to be the Trustee to give a definite answer within that period of time with regard to whether the specific person will undertake the Trust; provided, however, that if said provision of the will is subject to a condition precedent or a designated time of commencement, this may only be done after the condition precedent is fulfilled or after the time of commencement arrives.
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(2)Where a demand for an answer is made under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the person designated as the one who is to be the Trustee fails to give a definite answer to the Settlor's heir within the period set forth in said paragraph, it is deemed that said person does not undertake the Trust.
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(3)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of the preceding paragraph to cases where the Settlor has no heir at the time in question, the phrase "the Settlor's heir" in said paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "the Beneficiary (if there are two or more Beneficiaries at that time in question, to one of them, and if there is a Trust administrator at that time in question, to the Trust administrator)."
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(遺言信託における裁判所による受託者の選任)
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(Appointment of Trustee by Court in Case of Testamentary Trust)
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第六条第三条第二号に掲げる方法によって信託がされた場合において、当該遺言に受託者の指定に関する定めがないとき、又は受託者となるべき者として指定された者が信託の引受けをせず、若しくはこれをすることができないときは、裁判所は、利害関係人の申立てにより、受託者を選任することができる。
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Article 6(1)Where a Trust is created by the means set forth in Article 3, item (ii), if the will contains no provision concerning the designation of a Trustee or if the person designated as the one who is to be the Trustee does not undertake or is unable to undertake the Trust, the court may appoint a Trustee on the petition of an interested party.
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(受託者の資格)
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(Qualification of Trustee)
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第七条信託は、未成年者又は成年被後見人若しくは被保佐人を受託者としてすることができない。
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Article 7No Trust is allowed to be created with a minor, an adult ward, or a person under curatorship serving as a Trustee.
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(受託者の利益享受の禁止)
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(Prohibition on Trustee's Enjoyment of Benefit)
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第八条受託者は、受益者として信託の利益を享受する場合を除き、何人の名義をもってするかを問わず、信託の利益を享受することができない。
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Article 8No Trustee is allowed to benefit from the Trust under any name, except where the Trustee benefits from the Trust as its Beneficiary.
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(脱法信託の禁止)
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(Prohibition of Trusts for Evasion of the Law)
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第九条法令によりある財産権を享有することができない者は、その権利を有するのと同一の利益を受益者として享受することができない。
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Article 9A person who is not allowed to enjoy a certain property right under laws and regulations is not allowed to enjoy, as a Beneficiary, the same benefit as that derived from holding that right.
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(訴訟信託の禁止)
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(Prohibition on Trust for Suit)
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第十条信託は、訴訟行為をさせることを主たる目的としてすることができない。
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Article 10No Trust is allowed to be created for the primary purpose of having another person conduct any procedural act.
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(詐害信託の取消し等)
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(Cancellation of Fraudulent Trust)
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第十一条委託者がその債権者を害することを知って信託をした場合には、受託者が債権者を害すべき事実を知っていたか否かにかかわらず、債権者は、受託者を被告として、民法(明治二十九年法律第八十九号)第四百二十四条第一項の規定による取消しを裁判所に請求することができる。ただし、受益者が現に存する場合において、その受益者の全部又は一部が、受益者としての指定(信託行為の定めにより又は第八十九条第一項に規定する受益者指定権等の行使により受益者又は変更後の受益者として指定されることをいう。以下同じ。)を受けたことを知った時又は受益権を譲り受けた時において債権者を害すべき事実を知らなかったときは、この限りでない。
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Article 11(1)If a Settlor has created a Trust with the knowledge that it would harm the Settlor's creditor, the creditor may, irrespective of whether or not the Trustee had knowledge of the fact that the creditor would be harmed, request of the court a rescission under the provisions of Article 424, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896), with the Trustee as the defendant; provided, however, that this does not apply if there are any Beneficiaries at the time in question, all or some of Beneficiaries who had no knowledge of the fact that the creditor would be harmed at the time when they became aware that they had been designated as Beneficiaries (meaning being designated as an initial Beneficiary by means of the Terms of Trust or as a new Beneficiary after a change in the provisions of the Terms of Trust as a result of the exercise of the right to designate or change a Beneficiary prescribed in Article 89, paragraph (1); the same applies hereinafter) or when they acquired Beneficial Interest.
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(2)Where a judgment upholding a request under the provisions of the preceding paragraph has become final and binding, if a creditor (excluding the one who is a Settlor) who has a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property had no knowledge at the time when the creditor acquired the claim of the fact that the creditor would be harmed, the Settlor is liable to perform the Obligation Covered by the Trust Property to the creditor who holds said claim; provided, however, that said performance is limited to the value of the property to be transferred from the Trustee to the Settlor by reason of the rescission under the provisions of said paragraph.
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(3)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the right that the Trustee has pursuant to the provisions of Article 49, paragraph (1) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 53, paragraph (2) and Article 54, paragraph (4)) is deemed to be a monetary claim.
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4委託者がその債権者を害することを知って信託をした場合において、受益者が受託者から信託財産に属する財産の給付を受けたときは、債権者は、受益者を被告として、民法第四百二十四条第一項の規定による取消しを裁判所に請求することができる。ただし、当該受益者が、受益者としての指定を受けたことを知った時又は受益権を譲り受けた時において債権者を害すべき事実を知らなかったときは、この限りでない。
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(4)Where a Settlor has created a Trust with the knowledge that it would harm the Settlor's creditor, if a Beneficiary has been distributed by the Trustee property that comes under Trust Property, the creditor may request the court for a rescission under the provisions of Article 424, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code, with the Beneficiary as the defendant; provided, however, that this does not apply if said Beneficiary had no knowledge of the fact that the creditor would be harmed at the time when the said Beneficiary became aware that said Beneficiary has been designated as a Beneficiary or when the said Beneficiary acquired a Beneficial Interest.
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(5)If a Settlor has created a Trust with the knowledge that it would harm the Settlor's creditor, the creditor may demand, by a suit designating a Beneficiary as a defendant, that the Beneficiary assign the Beneficiary's Beneficial Interest to the Settlor.In this case, the provisions of the proviso to the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis.
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(6)The provisions of Article 426 of the Civil Code apply mutatis mutandis to the right to make a demand under the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
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(7)When designating a Beneficiary or assigning a Beneficial Interest, it is not allowed to designate a person who has no knowledge of the fact that any creditor could be harmed (hereinafter referred to as the "Person Without Knowledge" in this paragraph) as a Beneficiary without compensation (including cases where said designation is made with compensation that is deemed to be equal to be without compensation; the same applies in this paragraph), or to assign Beneficial Interest to a Person Without Knowledge without compensation for the purpose of unjustly circumventing the application of the provisions of the main clause of paragraph (1), the main clause of paragraph (4) or the first sentence of paragraph (5).
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(8)With regard to a person who becomes a Beneficiary as a result of the designation of a Beneficiary or the assignment of a Beneficial Interest in violation of the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the provisions of the proviso to paragraph (1) and the proviso to paragraph (4) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the second sentence of paragraph (5)) do not apply.
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(詐害信託の否認等)
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(Avoidance of Fraudulent Trusts)
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第十二条破産者が委託者としてした信託における破産法(平成十六年法律第七十五号)第百六十条第一項の規定の適用については、同項各号中「これによって利益を受けた者」とあるのは、「これによって利益を受けた受益者の全部又は一部」とする。
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Article 12(1)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of Article 160, paragraph (1) of the Bankruptcy Act (Act No. 75 of 2004) to a Trust created with a bankrupt as a Settlor, the phrase "the person who has benefited from" in the items of said paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "all or part of the Beneficiaries who have benefited from."
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(2)If a bankrupt has created a Trust as a Settlor with the knowledge that it would harm the bankruptcy creditors, a bankruptcy trustee may demand, by filing an action against the Beneficiary, that the Beneficiary return the Beneficial Interest to the bankruptcy estate.In this case, the provisions of the proviso to paragraph (4) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis.
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3再生債務者が委託者としてした信託における民事再生法(平成十一年法律第二百二十五号)第百二十七条第一項の規定の適用については、同項各号中「これによって利益を受けた者」とあるのは、「これによって利益を受けた受益者の全部又は一部」とする。
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(3)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of Article 127, paragraph (1) of the Civil Rehabilitation Act (Act No. 225 of 1999) to a Trust created with a debtor under rehabilitation procedure as a Settlor, the phrase "the person who has benefited from" in the items of said paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "all or part of the Beneficiaries who have benefited from."
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4再生債務者が再生債権者を害することを知って委託者として信託をした場合には、否認権限を有する監督委員又は管財人は、受益者を被告として、その受益権を再生債務者財産(民事再生法第十二条第一項第一号に規定する再生債務者財産をいう。第二十五条第四項において同じ。)に返還することを訴えをもって請求することができる。この場合においては、前条第四項ただし書の規定を準用する。
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(4)If a rehabilitation debtor has created a Trust as a Settlor with the knowledge that it would harm the rehabilitation creditors, a supervisor with avoiding powers or a trustee in charge of rehabilitation proceedings may demand, by filing an action against a Beneficiary, that the Beneficiary return the Beneficial Interest to the assets of rehabilitation debtor (meaning the assets of rehabilitation debtor as prescribed in Article 12, paragraph (1), item (i) of the Civil Rehabilitation Act; the same applies to Article 25, paragraph (4)).In this case, the provisions of the proviso to paragraph (4) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis.
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5前二項の規定は、更生会社(会社更生法(平成十四年法律第百五十四号)第二条第七項に規定する更生会社又は金融機関等の更生手続の特例等に関する法律(平成八年法律第九十五号)第百六十九条第七項に規定する更生会社をいう。)又は更生協同組織金融機関(同法第四条第七項に規定する更生協同組織金融機関をいう。)について準用する。この場合において、第三項中「民事再生法(平成十一年法律第二百二十五号)第百二十七条第一項」とあるのは「会社更生法(平成十四年法律第百五十四号)第八十六条第一項並びに金融機関等の更生手続の特例等に関する法律(平成八年法律第九十五号)第五十七条第一項及び第二百二十三条第一項」と、「同項各号」とあるのは「これらの規定」と、前項中「再生債権者」とあるのは「更生債権者又は更生担保権者」と、「否認権限を有する監督委員又は管財人」とあるのは「管財人」と、「再生債務者財産(民事再生法第十二条第一項第一号に規定する再生債務者財産をいう。第二十五条第四項において同じ。)」とあるのは「更生会社財産(会社更生法第二条第十四項に規定する更生会社財産又は金融機関等の更生手続の特例等に関する法律第百六十九条第十四項に規定する更生会社財産をいう。)又は更生協同組織金融機関財産(同法第四条第十四項に規定する更生協同組織金融機関財産をいう。)」と読み替えるものとする。
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(5)The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis to a company under reorganization (meaning a company under reorganization as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (7) of the Corporate Reorganization Act (Act No. 154 of 2002) or a company under reorganization as prescribed in Article 169, paragraph (7) of the Act on Special Rules, etc. for Reorganization Proceedings for Financial Institutions, etc. (Act No. 95 of 1996)) or a cooperative financial institution under reorganization (meaning a cooperative financial institution under reorganization as prescribed in Article 4, paragraph (7) of the Act on Special Rules, etc. for Reorganization Proceedings for Financial Institutions, etc.).In this case, in paragraph (3), the phrase "the provisions of Article 127, paragraph (1) of the Civil Rehabilitation Act (Act No. 225 of 1999)" is deemed to be replaced with "the provisions of Article 86, paragraph (1) of the Corporate Reorganization Act (Act No. 154 of 2002) and Article 57, paragraph (1) and Article 223, paragraph (1) of the Act on Special Rules, etc. for Reorganization Proceedings for Financial Institutions, etc. (Act No. 95 of 1996)," and the phrase "the items of said paragraph" is deemed to be replaced with "these provisions," and in the preceding paragraph, the term "rehabilitation creditors" is deemed to be replaced with "reorganization creditors or secured reorganization creditors," and the phrase "supervisor with avoidance powers or a trustee in charge of rehabilitation proceedings" is deemed to be replaced with "trustee in charge of reorganization proceedings," and the phrase "the assets of rehabilitation debtor (meaning the assets of rehabilitation debtor prescribed in Article 12, paragraph (1), item (i) of the Civil Rehabilitation Act; the same applies in Article 25, paragraph (4))" is deemed to be replaced with "the assets of the company under reorganization (meaning assets of a company under reorganization as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (14) of the Corporate Reorganization Act or assets of a company under reorganization as prescribed in Article 169, paragraph (14) of the Act on Special Rules, etc. for Reorganization Proceedings for Financial Institutions, etc.) or assets of a cooperative financial institution under reorganization (meaning assets of a cooperative financial institution under reorganization as prescribed in Article 4, paragraph (14) of the Act on Special Rules, etc. for Reorganization Proceedings for Financial Institutions, etc.)"
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(会計の原則)
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(Accounting Principles)
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第十三条信託の会計は、一般に公正妥当と認められる会計の慣行に従うものとする。
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Article 13The accounting for a Trust must be subject to accounting practices that are generally accepted as fair and appropriate.
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第二章 信託財産等
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Chapter II Trust Property
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(信託財産に属する財産の対抗要件)
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(Requirements for Perfection Concerning Property that Belongs to Trust Property)
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第十四条登記又は登録をしなければ権利の得喪及び変更を第三者に対抗することができない財産については、信託の登記又は登録をしなければ、当該財産が信託財産に属することを第三者に対抗することができない。
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Article 14With regard to any property for which the acquisition, loss, and modification of any right may not be duly asserted against a third party unless it is registered, the fact that said property belongs to the Trust Property may not be duly asserted against a third party unless the fact that the property is under the Trust is registered.
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(信託財産に属する財産の占有の瑕疵の承継)
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(Succession of Defect in Possession of Property That Comes Under Trust Property)
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第十五条受託者は、信託財産に属する財産の占有について、委託者の占有の瑕疵を承継する。
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Article 15A Trustee succeeds to a Settlor's defect in possession of property that comes under Trust Property.
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(信託財産の範囲)
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(Scope of Trust Property)
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第十六条信託行為において信託財産に属すべきものと定められた財産のほか、次に掲げる財産は、信託財産に属する。
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Article 16In addition to property specified by the Terms of Trust as being among the Trust Property, the following property must belong to the Trust Property:
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一信託財産に属する財産の管理、処分、滅失、損傷その他の事由により受託者が得た財産
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(i)any property obtained by the Trustee as a result of the administration, disposition, loss or damage of, or any other events occurring to property that comes under Trust Property; and
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二次条、第十八条、第十九条(第八十四条の規定により読み替えて適用する場合を含む。以下この号において同じ。)、第二百二十六条第三項、第二百二十八条第三項及び第二百五十四条第二項の規定により信託財産に属することとなった財産(第十八条第一項(同条第三項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により信託財産に属するものとみなされた共有持分及び第十九条の規定による分割によって信託財産に属することとされた財産を含む。)
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(ii)any property that has come to be among the Trust Property pursuant to the provisions of the following Article, Article 18, Article 19 (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis by replacing the relevant terms and phrases pursuant to the provisions of Article 84; hereinafter the same applies in this item), Article 226, paragraph (3), Article 228, paragraph (3), and Article 254, paragraph (2) (including any co-ownership interest that is deemed to be among the Trust Property pursuant to the provisions of Article 18, paragraph (1) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (3) of said Article) and any property that is made to be among the Trust Property as a result of the division under the provisions of Article 19).
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(信託財産に属する財産の付合等)
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(Accession of Property That Comes under Trust Property)
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第十七条信託財産に属する財産と固有財産若しくは他の信託の信託財産に属する財産との付合若しくは混和又はこれらの財産を材料とする加工があった場合には、各信託の信託財産及び固有財産に属する財産は各別の所有者に属するものとみなして、民法第二百四十二条から第二百四十八条までの規定を適用する。
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Article 17If property that comes under Trust Property is joined by accession to or commingled with the Trustee's Own Property or any property that comes under Trust Property of another Trust, or if processing is conducted using these properties as materials, those properties that come under Trust properties of the respective Trusts and the property that comes under Trustee's Own Property are deemed to belong to their respective owners, and the provisions of Article 242 to Article 248 of the Civil Code apply.
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Article 18(1)If property that comes under Trust Property becomes indistinguishable from property that comes under Trustee's Own Property (excluding the case prescribed in the preceding Article), it is deemed that a co-ownership interest in either of these properties is an interest in both the Trust Property and the Trustee's Own Property.In this case, the shares of said co-ownership interests must be in proportion to the prices of the respective properties as of the time when they became indistinguishable from each other.
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(3)The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis to cases where a Trustee of a Trust also serves as a Trustee of another Trust, and where properties that come under Trust Properties of these Trusts have become indistinguishable from each other (excluding the case prescribed in the preceding Article).In this case, the phrase "the Trust Property and the Trustee's Own Property" in paragraph (1) is deemed to be replaced with "the Trust Properties of these Trusts."
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(信託財産と固有財産等とに属する共有物の分割)
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(Division of Properties in Co-ownership that Are Among Both the Trust Property and the Trustee's Own Property, etc.)
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第十九条受託者に属する特定の財産について、その共有持分が信託財産と固有財産とに属する場合には、次に掲げる方法により、当該財産の分割をすることができる。
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Article 19(1)If a co-ownership interest in a specific property that belongs to a Trustee is an interest in both the Trust Property and the Trustee's Own Property, said property may be divided by the following means:
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一信託行為において定めた方法
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(i)by the means specified by the Terms of Trust;
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二受託者と受益者(信託管理人が現に存する場合にあっては、信託管理人)との協議による方法
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(ii)based on an agreement between the Trustee and the Beneficiary (if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, the Trust administrator); and
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三分割をすることが信託の目的の達成のために合理的に必要と認められる場合であって、受益者の利益を害しないことが明らかであるとき、又は当該分割の信託財産に与える影響、当該分割の目的及び態様、受託者の受益者との実質的な利害関係の状況その他の事情に照らして正当な理由があるときは、受託者が決する方法
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(iii)based on a decision by the Trustee if the division of the property in question is considered to be necessary to a reasonable extent in order to achieve the purpose of the Trust and if it is clear that the division will not harm the interests of the Beneficiary, or if there are justifiable grounds for the division in light of the impact of the division on the Trust Property, the purpose and manner of the division, the status of substantial relationship between the Trustee and the Beneficiary as interested parties and other relevant circumstances.
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(2)In the case prescribed in the preceding paragraph, if the agreement set forth in item (ii) of said paragraph is not reached or if it is impossible to effect the division by any of the means listed in the items of said paragraph for other reasons, the Trustee or the Beneficiary (if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, the Trust administrator) may submit a demand to the court for the division of the property in co-ownership set forth in said paragraph.
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一各信託の信託行為において定めた方法
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(i)by the means specified by the Terms of Trust of both Trusts;
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二各信託の受益者(信託管理人が現に存する場合にあっては、信託管理人)の協議による方法
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(ii)based on an agreement between the Beneficiaries of both Trusts (if there is a Trust administrator for each Trust at the time in question, the Trust administrators); and
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三各信託について、分割をすることが信託の目的の達成のために合理的に必要と認められる場合であって、受益者の利益を害しないことが明らかであるとき、又は当該分割の信託財産に与える影響、当該分割の目的及び態様、受託者の受益者との実質的な利害関係の状況その他の事情に照らして正当な理由があるときは、各信託の受託者が決する方法
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(iii)based on a decision by the Trustees of both Trusts if the division of the property in question is considered to be necessary to a reasonable extent in order to achieve the purpose of each Trust and if it is clear that the division will not harm the interest of the Beneficiaries, or if there are justifiable grounds for the division in light of the impact of the division on the Trust Properties, the purpose and manner of the division, the status of substantial relationship between the Trustees and the Beneficiaries as interested parties, and other relevant circumstances.
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(4)In the case prescribed in the preceding paragraph, if the agreement set forth in item (ii) of said paragraph is not reached or if it is impossible to make the division by any of the means listed in the items of said paragraph for other reasons, the Beneficiary of each Trust (if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, the Trust administrator) may submit a demand to the court for the division of the property in co-ownership set forth in said paragraph.
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(信託財産に属する財産についての混同の特例)
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(Special Rules for the Confusion of Property That Belongs to Trust Property)
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第二十条同一物について所有権及び他の物権が信託財産と固有財産又は他の信託の信託財産とにそれぞれ帰属した場合には、民法第百七十九条第一項本文の規定にかかわらず、当該他の物権は、消滅しない。
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Article 20(1)If ownership and any other real right existing on a single property have belonged to the Trust Property, the Trustee's Own Property or the Trust Property of another Trust respectively, said other real right is not extinguished, notwithstanding the provisions of the main clause of Article 179, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code.
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(2)If any real right other than ownership and any other right for which said real right is the object have belonged to the Trust Property, the Trustee's Own Property or the Trust Property of another Trust respectively, said other right is not extinguished, notwithstanding the provisions of the first sentence of Article 179, paragraph (2) of the Civil Code.
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(3)In the following cases, the claim set forth therein is not extinguished, notwithstanding the provisions of the main clause of Article 520 of the Civil Code:
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一信託財産に属する債権に係る債務が受託者に帰属した場合(信託財産責任負担債務となった場合を除く。)
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(i)if an obligation pertaining to a claim belonging to the Trust Property has been vested in the Trustee (excluding the case where such obligation has become an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property);
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二信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権が受託者に帰属した場合(当該債権が信託財産に属することとなった場合を除く。)
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(ii)if a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property has been vested in the Trustee (excluding the case where said claim has come to belong to the Trust Property);
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三固有財産又は他の信託の信託財産に属する債権に係る債務が受託者に帰属した場合(信託財産責任負担債務となった場合に限る。)
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(iii)if an obligation pertaining to a claim belonging to the Trustee's Own Property or the Trust Property of another Trust has been vested in the Trustee (limited to the case where said obligation has become an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property); and
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四受託者の債務(信託財産責任負担債務を除く。)に係る債権が受託者に帰属した場合(当該債権が信託財産に属することとなった場合に限る。)
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(iv)if a claim pertaining to a Trustee's obligation (excluding an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property) has been vested in the Trustee (limited to the case where said claim has come to belong to the Trust Property).
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(信託財産責任負担債務の範囲)
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(Scope of Obligations Covered by the Trust Property)
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第二十一条次に掲げる権利に係る債務は、信託財産責任負担債務となる。
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Article 21(1)Obligations pertaining to the following claims are the Obligations Covered by the Trust Property:
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一受益債権
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(i)a Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary;
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二信託財産に属する財産について信託前の原因によって生じた権利
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(ii)a right arising with respect to property that comes under Trust Property from a cause that occurred prior to the creation of the Trust;
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三信託前に生じた委託者に対する債権であって、当該債権に係る債務を信託財産責任負担債務とする旨の信託行為の定めがあるもの
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(iii)a claim arising against the Settlor prior to the creation of the Trust, for which it is provided by the Terms of Trust that the obligation pertaining to said claim is an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property;
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四第百三条第一項又は第二項の規定による受益権取得請求権
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(iv)a Beneficiary's right to demand that the Trustee acquire the Beneficial Interest under the provisions of Article 103, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2);
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五信託財産のためにした行為であって受託者の権限に属するものによって生じた権利
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(v)a right arising from an act which is conducted in the interest of the Trust Property and which falls within the scope of the Trustee's powers;
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六信託財産のためにした行為であって受託者の権限に属しないもののうち、次に掲げるものによって生じた権利
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(vi)a right arising from any of the following acts which is conducted in the interest of the Trust Property and which does not fall within the scope of the Trustee's powers;
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イ第二十七条第一項又は第二項(これらの規定を第七十五条第四項において準用する場合を含む。ロにおいて同じ。)の規定により取り消すことができない行為(当該行為の相手方が、当該行為の当時、当該行為が信託財産のためにされたものであることを知らなかったもの(信託財産に属する財産について権利を設定し又は移転する行為を除く。)を除く。)
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(a)an act that may not be rescinded pursuant to the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) (including cases where these provisions are applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 75, paragraph (4); the same applies in (b)) (excluding cases where the other party to said act did not know, at the time of said act, that said act was being conducted in the interest of the Trust Property (excluding the act of establishing or transferring a right with respect to property that comes under Trust Property));
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ロ第二十七条第一項又は第二項の規定により取り消すことができる行為であって取り消されていないもの
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(b)an act that may be rescinded pursuant to the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) but has not yet been rescinded;
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七第三十一条第六項に規定する処分その他の行為又は同条第七項に規定する行為のうち、これらの規定により取り消すことができない行為又はこれらの規定により取り消すことができる行為であって取り消されていないものによって生じた権利
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(vii)a right arising from a disposition or any other act prescribed in Article 31, paragraph (6) or from an act prescribed in paragraph (7) of said Article, which may not be rescinded pursuant to these provisions or which may be rescinded pursuant to these provisions but has not yet been rescinded;
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八受託者が信託事務を処理するについてした不法行為によって生じた権利
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(viii)a right arising from a tort committed by the Trustee in the course of the administration of Trust affairs; and
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九第五号から前号までに掲げるもののほか、信託事務の処理について生じた権利
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(ix)in addition to what is listed in item (v) to the preceding item, a right arising in the course of the administration of Trust affairs.
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一受益債権
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(i)a Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary;
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二信託行為に第二百十六条第一項の定めがあり、かつ、第二百三十二条の定めるところにより登記がされた場合における信託債権(信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権であって、受益債権でないものをいう。以下同じ。)
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(ii)a Trust claim (meaning a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property, other than a Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary; the same applies hereinafter) in cases where the Terms of Trust contain the provision set forth in Article 216, paragraph (1) and a registration has been made as provided for in Article 232;
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三前二号に掲げる場合のほか、この法律の規定により信託財産に属する財産のみをもってその履行の責任を負うものとされる場合における信託債権
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(iii)in addition to those listed in the preceding two items, a Trust claim in cases where the Trustee is deemed to be liable to satisfy said claim only by using property that comes under Trust Property pursuant to the provisions of this Act; and
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四信託債権を有する者(以下「信託債権者」という。)との間で信託財産に属する財産のみをもってその履行の責任を負う旨の合意がある場合における信託債権
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(iv)a Trust claim in cases where there is an agreement between the Trustee and the holder of the Trust claim (hereinafter referred to as the "Trust Creditor") to the effect that the Trustee is to be liable to satisfy said claim only by using property that comes under Trust Property.
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(信託財産に属する債権等についての相殺の制限)
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(Restriction on Set-Off of Claims That Comes under Trust Property)
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第二十二条受託者が固有財産又は他の信託の信託財産(第一号において「固有財産等」という。)に属する財産のみをもって履行する責任を負う債務(第一号及び第二号において「固有財産等責任負担債務」という。)に係る債権を有する者は、当該債権をもって信託財産に属する債権に係る債務と相殺をすることができない。ただし、次に掲げる場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 22(1)A person who holds a claim pertaining to an obligation which the Trustee is liable to satisfy said claim only by using property that comes under Trustee's Own Property or the Trust Property of another Trust (referred to as the "Trustee's Own Property, etc." in item (i)) (said obligations are referred to as "Obligations Covered by Trustee's Own Property Only, etc." in item (i) and item (ii)) is not allowed to use said claim to set off the said person's obligation pertaining to a claim belonging to the Trust Property; provided, however, that this does not apply in the following cases:
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一当該固有財産等責任負担債務に係る債権を有する者が、当該債権を取得した時又は当該信託財産に属する債権に係る債務を負担した時のいずれか遅い時において、当該信託財産に属する債権が固有財産等に属するものでないことを知らず、かつ、知らなかったことにつき過失がなかった場合
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(i)if, either at the time when a person acquired the claim or at the time when a person assumed the obligation pertaining to the claim belonging to the Trust Property, whichever occurred later, said person who holds the claim pertaining to the Obligation Covered by the Trustee's Own Property Only, etc. did not know and was not negligent in failing to know that the claim belonging to the Trust Property did not belong to the Trustee's Own Property, etc.; or
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二当該固有財産等責任負担債務に係る債権を有する者が、当該債権を取得した時又は当該信託財産に属する債権に係る債務を負担した時のいずれか遅い時において、当該固有財産等責任負担債務が信託財産責任負担債務でないことを知らず、かつ、知らなかったことにつき過失がなかった場合
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(ii)if, either at the time when a person acquired the claim or at the time when a person assumed the obligation pertaining to the claim belonging to the Trust Property, whichever occurred later, the person who holds the claim pertaining to the Obligation Covered by the Trustee's Own Property Only, etc. did not know and was not negligent in failing to know that said Obligations Covered by Trustee's Own Property Only, etc. was not an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property.
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(3)A person who holds a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property (limited to an obligation that the Trustee is liable to perform only by using property that comes under Trust Property) is not allowed to use said claim to set off against the person's obligation pertaining to a claim belonging to the Trustee's Own Property; provided, however, that this does not apply if, at the time when said person acquired the claim or when the person assumed the obligation pertaining to the claim belonging to the Trustee's Own Property, whichever occurred later, the person who holds the claim pertaining to the Obligation Covered by the Trust Property did not know and was not negligent in failing to know that the claim belonging to the Trustee's Own Property did not belong to the Trust Property.
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(信託財産に属する財産に対する強制執行等の制限等)
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(Restriction on Compulsory Execution against Property That Comes under Trust Property)
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第二十三条信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権(信託財産に属する財産について生じた権利を含む。次項において同じ。)に基づく場合を除き、信託財産に属する財産に対しては、強制執行、仮差押え、仮処分若しくは担保権の実行若しくは競売(担保権の実行としてのものを除く。以下同じ。)又は国税滞納処分(その例による処分を含む。以下同じ。)をすることができない。
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Article 23(1)Except where based on a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property (including a right arising with respect to property that comes under Trust Property; the same applies in the following paragraph), compulsory execution, provisional seizure, provisional disposition or exercise of a security interest, or an auction (excluding an auction for the exercise of a security interest; the same applies hereinafter), or collection proceedings for delinquent national tax (including a procedure to be enforced pursuant to the provisions on collection proceedings for delinquent national tax; the same applies hereinafter) is not allowed to be enforced against property that comes under Trust Property.
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2第三条第三号に掲げる方法によって信託がされた場合において、委託者がその債権者を害することを知って当該信託をしたときは、前項の規定にかかわらず、信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権を有する債権者のほか、当該委託者(受託者であるものに限る。)に対する債権で信託前に生じたものを有する者は、信託財産に属する財産に対し、強制執行、仮差押え、仮処分若しくは担保権の実行若しくは競売又は国税滞納処分をすることができる。ただし、受益者が現に存する場合において、その受益者の全部又は一部が、受益者としての指定を受けたことを知った時又は受益権を譲り受けた時において債権者を害すべき事実を知らなかったときは、この限りでない。
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(2)In addition to a creditor who holds a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property, where a Trust has been created by the means set forth in Article 3, item (iii), if a Settlor has created the Trust with the knowledge that it would harm Settlor's creditor(s), notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, a person who holds a claim against the Settlor (limited to cases where the Settlor is a Trustee) which has arisen prior to the creation of the Trust may commence compulsory execution, provisional seizure, provisional disposition or exercise of a security interest, or an auction, or collection proceedings for delinquent national tax against property that comes under Trust Property; provided, however, that this does not apply if there are Beneficiaries at the time in question, and if all or some of those Beneficiaries did not know, at the time when they became aware that they had been designated as Beneficiaries or when they acquired Beneficial Interest, of the fact that the creditor would be harmed.
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(5)A Trustee or a Beneficiary may assert an objection to compulsory execution, provisional seizure, provisional disposition or exercise of a security interest, or auction that is being commenced in violation of the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2).In this case, the provisions of Article 38 of the Civil Execution Act (Act No. 4 of 1979) and the provisions of Article 45 of the Civil Preservation Act (Act No. 91 of 1989) apply mutatis mutandis.
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(6)A Trustee or a Beneficiary may assert an objection to the collection proceeding for delinquent national tax that are being commenced in violation of the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2).In this case, the assertion of the objection is to be made by entering an appeal against the collection proceedings of delinquent national tax.
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(費用又は報酬の支弁等)
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(Payment of Expenses, Costs or Remuneration)
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第二十四条前条第五項又は第六項の規定による異議に係る訴えを提起した受益者が勝訴(一部勝訴を含む。)した場合において、当該訴えに係る訴訟に関し、必要な費用(訴訟費用を除く。)を支出したとき又は弁護士、弁護士法人、司法書士若しくは司法書士法人に報酬を支払うべきときは、その費用又は報酬は、その額の範囲内で相当と認められる額を限度として、信託財産から支弁する。
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Article 24(1)Where a Beneficiary who has filed an action to assert an objection under the provisions of paragraph (5) or paragraph (6) of the preceding Article has won the Beneficiary's case (completely or partially), if the Beneficiary has paid any expenses or costs (excluding court costs) that were necessary in relation to the action or if the Beneficiary is liable for paying remuneration to an attorney-at-law, a legal professional corporation, a judicial scrivener, or a judicial scrivener corporation, said expenses, costs, or remuneration are to be paid from the Trust Property, up to the amount considered reasonable, not exceeding the actual amount thereof.
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(信託財産と受託者の破産手続等との関係等)
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(Relationship between Trust Property and Bankruptcy Proceedings against Trustee)
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第二十五条受託者が破産手続開始の決定を受けた場合であっても、信託財産に属する財産は、破産財団に属しない。
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Article 25(1)Even where an order for the commencement of bankruptcy is entered against a Trustee, no property that comes under Trust Property is included in the bankruptcy estate.
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(3)In the case referred to in paragraph (1), a discharge of an obligation pertaining to a Trust claim (excluding a Trust claim prescribed in the preceding paragraph) based on a discharge order as set forth in Article 252, paragraph (1) of the Bankruptcy Act may not be asserted to the Trust Property.
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6第四項の場合には、再生計画、再生計画認可の決定又は民事再生法第二百三十五条第一項の免責の決定による信託債権(前項に規定する信託債権を除く。)に係る債務の免責又は変更は、信託財産との関係においては、その効力を主張することができない。
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(6)In the case referred to in paragraph (4), a discharge of or a modification to an obligation pertaining to a Trust claim (excluding a Trust claim as prescribed in the preceding paragraph) by a rehabilitation plan, an order for the confirmation of the rehabilitation plan, or a discharge order set forth in Article 235, paragraph (1) of the Civil Rehabilitation Act may not be asserted to the Trust Property.
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7前三項の規定は、受託者が更生手続開始の決定を受けた場合について準用する。この場合において、第四項中「再生債務者財産」とあるのは「更生会社財産(会社更生法第二条第十四項に規定する更生会社財産又は金融機関等の更生手続の特例等に関する法律第百六十九条第十四項に規定する更生会社財産をいう。)又は更生協同組織金融機関財産(同法第四条第十四項に規定する更生協同組織金融機関財産をいう。)」と、第五項中「再生債権」とあるのは「更生債権又は更生担保権」と、前項中「再生計画、再生計画認可の決定又は民事再生法第二百三十五条第一項の免責の決定」とあるのは「更生計画又は更生計画認可の決定」と読み替えるものとする。
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(7)The provisions of the preceding three paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis where an order for the commencement of reorganization is entered against a Trustee.In this case, the term "rehabilitation debtor's assets" in paragraph (4) is deemed to be replaced with "of reorganization company's assets (meaning the assets of a company under reorganization as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (14) of the Corporate Reorganization Act or the assets of a company in reorganization as prescribed in Article 169, paragraph (14) of the Act on Special Rules, etc. for Reorganization Proceedings for Financial Institutions, etc.) or the assets of a cooperative financial institution under reorganization (meaning the assets of a cooperative financial institution under reorganization as prescribed in Article 4, paragraph (14) of the Act on Special Rules, etc. for Reorganization Proceedings for Financial Institutions, etc.)," the term "rehabilitation claims" in paragraph (5) is deemed to be replaced with "reorganization claims or secured reorganization claims," and the phrase "a rehabilitation plan, an order for the confirmation of the rehabilitation plan, or a discharge order set forth in Article 235, paragraph (1) of the Civil Rehabilitation Act" in the preceding paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "a reorganization plan or an order for the confirmation of the reorganization plan."
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第三章 受託者等
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Chapter III Trustees
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第一節 受託者の権限
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Section 1 Trustee's Powers
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(受託者の権限の範囲)
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(Scope of Trustee's Powers)
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第二十六条受託者は、信託財産に属する財産の管理又は処分及びその他の信託の目的の達成のために必要な行為をする権限を有する。ただし、信託行為によりその権限に制限を加えることを妨げない。
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Article 26A Trustee has the power to administer or dispose of property that comes under Trust Property and to conduct any other acts that are necessary to achieve the purpose of the Trust; provided, however, that this does not preclude such power from being restricted by the Terms of Trust.
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(受託者の権限違反行為の取消し)
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(Rescission of Acts Conducted by Trustee beyond Their Powers)
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第二十七条受託者が信託財産のためにした行為がその権限に属しない場合において、次のいずれにも該当するときは、受益者は、当該行為を取り消すことができる。
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Article 27(1)Where an act conducted by a Trustee for the Trust Property does not fall within the scope of the Trustee's powers, if all of the following conditions are met, a Beneficiary may rescind said act,:
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一当該行為の相手方が、当該行為の当時、当該行為が信託財産のためにされたものであることを知っていたこと。
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(i)that the other party to the act knew, at the time of said act, that said act was conducted for the Trust Property; and
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二当該行為の相手方が、当該行為の当時、当該行為が受託者の権限に属しないことを知っていたこと又は知らなかったことにつき重大な過失があったこと。
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(ii)that the other party to the act knew or was grossly negligent in failing to know, at the time of said act, that said act did not fall within the scope of the Trustee's powers.
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(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, where an act conducted by a Trustee to establish or transfer a right for property that comes under Trust Property (limited to property for which a Trust registration as set forth in Article 14 may be made) does not fall within the scope of Trustee's powers, if all of the following conditions are met, a Beneficiary may rescind said act,:
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一当該行為の当時、当該信託財産に属する財産について第十四条の信託の登記又は登録がされていたこと。
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(i)that at the time of the act, the Trust registration as set forth in Article 14 existed with regard to the property that comes under Trust Property; and
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二当該行為の相手方が、当該行為の当時、当該行為が受託者の権限に属しないことを知っていたこと又は知らなかったことにつき重大な過失があったこと。
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(ii)that the other party to the act knew or was grossly negligent in failing to know, at the time of said act, that said act did not fall within the scope of the Trustee's powers.
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(4)The right to rescind under the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) is extinguished by prescription if it is not exercised within three months from the time when the Beneficiary (if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, the Trust administrator) became aware of the existence of the grounds for rescission. The same applies when one year has elapsed from the time of the act.
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(信託事務の処理の第三者への委託)
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(Delegation of Administration of Trust Affairs to a Third Party)
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第二十八条受託者は、次に掲げる場合には、信託事務の処理を第三者に委託することができる。
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Article 28In the following cases, a Trustee may delegate the administration of Trust affairs to a third party:
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一信託行為に信託事務の処理を第三者に委託する旨又は委託することができる旨の定めがあるとき。
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(i)when it is provided by the Terms of Trust that the administration of Trust affairs is to be or may be delegated to a third party;
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二信託行為に信託事務の処理の第三者への委託に関する定めがない場合において、信託事務の処理を第三者に委託することが信託の目的に照らして相当であると認められるとき。
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(ii)when the Terms of Trust do not contain any provisions concerning the delegation of the administration of Trust affairs to a third party, but delegating the administration of Trust affairs to a third party is considered to be appropriate in light of the purpose of the Trust; and
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三信託行為に信託事務の処理を第三者に委託してはならない旨の定めがある場合において、信託事務の処理を第三者に委託することにつき信託の目的に照らしてやむを得ない事由があると認められるとき。
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(iii)when it is provided by the Terms of Trust that the Trustee is not allowed to delegate the administration of Trust affairs to a third party, but delegating the administration of Trust affairs to a third party is considered to be unavoidable in light of the purpose of the Trust.
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第二節 受託者の義務等
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Section 2 Trustee's Duties
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(受託者の注意義務)
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(The Trustee's Duty of Care)
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第二十九条受託者は、信託の本旨に従い、信託事務を処理しなければならない。
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Article 29(1)A Trustee must administer Trust affairs in line with the purpose of the Trust.
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(忠実義務)
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(Duty of Loyalty)
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第三十条受託者は、受益者のため忠実に信託事務の処理その他の行為をしなければならない。
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Article 30A Trustee must administer Trust affairs and conduct any other acts faithfully on behalf of a Beneficiary.
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(利益相反行為の制限)
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(Restriction on Acts that Create Conflict of Interest)
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第三十一条受託者は、次に掲げる行為をしてはならない。
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Article 31(1)A Trustee is not allowed to carry out the following acts:
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一信託財産に属する財産(当該財産に係る権利を含む。)を固有財産に帰属させ、又は固有財産に属する財産(当該財産に係る権利を含む。)を信託財産に帰属させること。
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(i)causing property that comes under Trust Property (including any right for such property) to be included in the Trustee's Own Property, or having property that is the Trustee's Own Property (including any right for such property) be included in the Trust Property;
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二信託財産に属する財産(当該財産に係る権利を含む。)を他の信託の信託財産に帰属させること。
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(ii)having property that comes under Trust Property (including any right for such property) be included in the Trust Property of another Trust;
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三第三者との間において信託財産のためにする行為であって、自己が当該第三者の代理人となって行うもの
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(iii)carrying out an act for the Trust Property with a third party while serving as the third party's agent; and
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四信託財産に属する財産につき固有財産に属する財産のみをもって履行する責任を負う債務に係る債権を被担保債権とする担保権を設定することその他第三者との間において信託財産のためにする行為であって受託者又はその利害関係人と受益者との利益が相反することとなるもの
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(iv)establishing a security interest on property that comes under Trust Property in order to secure a claim pertaining to an obligation that the Trustee is liable to perform only by using property that comes under Trustee's Own Property, or carrying out any other act with a third party for the Trust Property which would create a conflict of interest between the Trustee or an interested party thereof and the Beneficiary.
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(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, in any of the following cases, a Trustee may carry out the acts listed in the items of said paragraph; provided, however, that this does not apply to the case set forth in item (ii) if it is provided for by the Terms of Trust that the Trustee is not allowed to carry out said acts even in the case set forth in said item:
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一信託行為に当該行為をすることを許容する旨の定めがあるとき。
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(i)when it is provided by the Terms of Trust that the Trustee is allowed to carry out said acts;
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二受託者が当該行為について重要な事実を開示して受益者の承認を得たとき。
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(ii)when the Trustee has disclosed the material facts and obtained approval from the Beneficiary for carrying out said acts;
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三相続その他の包括承継により信託財産に属する財産に係る権利が固有財産に帰属したとき。
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(iii)when any right to property that comes under Trust Property has been included in the Trustee's Own Property by reason of inheritance or any other universal succession; or
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四受託者が当該行為をすることが信託の目的の達成のために合理的に必要と認められる場合であって、受益者の利益を害しないことが明らかであるとき、又は当該行為の信託財産に与える影響、当該行為の目的及び態様、受託者の受益者との実質的な利害関係の状況その他の事情に照らして正当な理由があるとき。
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(iv)where, in order to achieve the purpose of the Trust, it is considered reasonably necessary for the Trustee to carry out said acts, if it is clear that said acts conducted by the Trustee will not harm the interests of the Beneficiary, or if there are justifiable grounds for the Trustee to carry out said acts in light of the impact of said acts on the Trust Property, the purpose and manner of said acts, the status of substantial relationship between the Trustee and the Beneficiary as interested parties and other relevant circumstances.
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(6)In the case prescribed in paragraph (4), when the Trustee has disposed of or carried out any other act regarding the property set forth in paragraph (1), item (i) or item (ii) with a third party, the Beneficiary may rescind the disposition or other act only if the third party knew or was grossly negligent in failing to know that the act set forth in paragraph (1), item (i) or item (ii) was carried out in violation of the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2).In this case, the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) apply mutatis mutandis.
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(7)Where an act set forth in paragraph (1), item (iii) or item (iv) has been carried out in violation of the provisions of paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), the Beneficiary may rescind the act only if the third party knew or was grossly negligent in failing to know that said act was conducted in violation of these provisions.In this case, the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) apply mutatis mutandis.
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Article 32(1)With regard to an act that a Trustee may carry out in the course of administering Trust affairs based on the Trustee's powers as Trustee, if the Trustee's failure to carry out said act would be contrary to the interests of a Beneficiary, the Trustee is not allowed to conduct said act on the account of the Trustee's Own Property or on the account of an interested party of the Trustee.
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(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, in any of the following cases, the Trustee may carry out the act prescribed in said paragraph on the account of the Trustee's Own Property or on the account of the interested party of the Trustee; provided, however, that this does not apply to the case set forth in item (ii) if it is provided by the Terms of Trust that the Trustee is not allowed to carry out said act on the account of the Trustee's Own Property or on the account of an interested party of the Trustee even in the case set forth in said item:
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一信託行為に当該行為を固有財産又は受託者の利害関係人の計算ですることを許容する旨の定めがあるとき。
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(i)when it is provided by the Terms of Trust that the Trustee is allowed to carry out said act on the account of the Trustee's Own Property or on the account of an interested party of the Trustee; or
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二受託者が当該行為を固有財産又は受託者の利害関係人の計算ですることについて重要な事実を開示して受益者の承認を得たとき。
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(ii)when the Trustee has disclosed the material facts and obtained approval from the Beneficiary for carrying out said act on the account of the Trustee's Own Property or on the account of an interested party of the Trustee.
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(3)Trustees must, when the Trustee has carried out the act prescribed in paragraph (1) on the account of the Trustee's Own Property or on the account of an interested party of the Trustee, give notice to the Beneficiary of the material facts concerning said act; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(4)If the Trustee has carried out an act prescribed in paragraph (1) in violation of the provisions of paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), the Beneficiary may deem that said act has been conducted in the interests of the Trust Property; provided, however, that this may not harm rights of any third party.
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(公平義務)
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(Duty of Equity)
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第三十三条受益者が二人以上ある信託においては、受託者は、受益者のために公平にその職務を行わなければならない。
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Article 33In the case of a Trust with two or more Beneficiaries, a Trustee must perform duties of Trustee equitably on behalf of these Beneficiaries.
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(分別管理義務)
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(Duty to Separate Property)
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第三十四条受託者は、信託財産に属する財産と固有財産及び他の信託の信託財産に属する財産とを、次の各号に掲げる財産の区分に応じ、当該各号に定める方法により、分別して管理しなければならない。ただし、分別して管理する方法について、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 34(1)A Trustee must separate property that comes under Trust Property from property that comes under Trustee's Own Property and that which comes under Trust Property of other Trusts by means specified in each of the following items for the categories of property listed in the respective items; provided, however, that if the terms of the Trust otherwise provides for the means of separation, such provisions prevail:
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一第十四条の信託の登記又は登録をすることができる財産(第三号に掲げるものを除く。)当該信託の登記又は登録
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(i)property for which a Trust registration set forth in Article 14 may be made (excluding the property set forth in item (iii)):by said Trust registration;
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二第十四条の信託の登記又は登録をすることができない財産(次号に掲げるものを除く。) 次のイ又はロに掲げる財産の区分に応じ、当該イ又はロに定める方法
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(ii)property for which a Trust registration set forth in Article 14 may not be made (excluding the property set forth in the following item): either of the means specified in (a) or (b) below for the categories of property listed in (a) or (b), respectively:
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イ動産(金銭を除く。)信託財産に属する財産と固有財産及び他の信託の信託財産に属する財産とを外形上区別することができる状態で保管する方法
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(a)movables (excluding monies):by retaining property that comes under Trust Property separately from property that comes under Trustee's Own Property and property that comes under Trust Property of other Trusts in the manner whereby they can be distinguished from each other on sight; or
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ロ金銭その他のイに掲げる財産以外の財産その計算を明らかにする方法
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(b)monies and any property other than those set forth in (a):by clarifying the accounting thereof; or
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三法務省令で定める財産当該財産を適切に分別して管理する方法として法務省令で定めるもの
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(iii)property specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice:by means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice for the appropriate separation of the property.
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(信託事務の処理の委託における第三者の選任及び監督に関する義務)
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(Duty to Appoint and Supervise a Third Party when Delegating Administration of Trust Affairs)
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第三十五条第二十八条の規定により信託事務の処理を第三者に委託するときは、受託者は、信託の目的に照らして適切な者に委託しなければならない。
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Article 35(1)When delegating the administration of Trust affairs to a third party pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, a Trustee must delegate said administration to a suitable person in light of the purpose of a Trust.
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(3)When the Trustee has delegated the administration of Trust affairs to any of the following third parties, the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs do not apply; provided, however, that when the Trustee becomes aware that the third party is unsuitable or unfaithful or that the administration of Trust affairs by the third party is inappropriate, the Trustee must give notice to the Beneficiary to that effect, cancel the delegation to the third party, or take other necessary measures:
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一信託行為において指名された第三者
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(i)a third party designated by the Terms of Trust; or
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二信託行為において受託者が委託者又は受益者の指名に従い信託事務の処理を第三者に委託する旨の定めがある場合において、当該定めに従い指名された第三者
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(ii)if it is provided by the Terms of Trust that the administration of Trust affairs is delegated to a third party designated by the Settlor or the Beneficiary, the third party designated pursuant to said provisions.
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(信託事務の処理の状況についての報告義務)
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(Duty to Report on Processing Status of Administration of Trust Affairs)
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第三十六条委託者又は受益者は、受託者に対し、信託事務の処理の状況並びに信託財産に属する財産及び信託財産責任負担債務の状況について報告を求めることができる。
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Article 36A Settlor or a Beneficiary may request a Trustee to report on the processing status of administration of Trust affairs as well as the status of property that comes under Trust Property and the Obligation Covered by the Trust Property.
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(帳簿等の作成等、報告及び保存の義務)
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(Duty to Prepare, Report On, and Retain Books)
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第三十七条受託者は、信託事務に関する計算並びに信託財産に属する財産及び信託財産責任負担債務の状況を明らかにするため、法務省令で定めるところにより、信託財産に係る帳簿その他の書類又は電磁的記録を作成しなければならない。
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Article 37(1)A Trustee must prepare books and other documents or electronic or magnetic records relating to the Trust Property, as provided for by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, in order to clarify the accounts on Trust affairs as well as the status of property that comes under Trust Property and the Obligation Covered by the Trust Property.
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(3)When the Trustee has prepared the documents or electronic or magnetic records set forth in the preceding paragraph, the Trustee must report to a Beneficiary (if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, to the Trust administrator) on the content thereof; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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4受託者は、第一項の書類又は電磁的記録を作成した場合には、その作成の日から十年間(当該期間内に信託の清算の結了があったときは、その日までの間。次項において同じ。)、当該書類(当該書類に代えて電磁的記録を法務省令で定める方法により作成した場合にあっては、当該電磁的記録)又は電磁的記録(当該電磁的記録に代えて書面を作成した場合にあっては、当該書面)を保存しなければならない。ただし、受益者(二人以上の受益者が現に存する場合にあってはそのすべての受益者、信託管理人が現に存する場合にあっては信託管理人。第六項ただし書において同じ。)に対し、当該書類若しくはその写しを交付し、又は当該電磁的記録に記録された事項を法務省令で定める方法により提供したときは、この限りでない。
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(4)When the Trustee has prepared the documents or electronic or magnetic records set forth in paragraph (1), the Trustee must hold said documents (if electronic or magnetic records are prepared in lieu of said documents by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, said electronic or magnetic records) or said electronic or magnetic records (if documents are prepared in lieu of said electronic or magnetic records, said documents) for ten years from the date of their preparation (or until the date of the completion of the liquidation of the Trust if this occurs within said ten-year period; the same applies in the following paragraph); provided, however, that this does not apply if the Trustee has delivered said documents or copies thereof to the Beneficiary (if there are two or more Beneficiaries at the time in question, to all Beneficiaries; if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, to the Trust administrator; the same applies in the proviso to paragraph (6)), or has provided the Beneficiary with information on the particulars recorded in said electronic or magnetic records by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(5)When the Trustee has prepared or acquired a written contract relating to the disposition of property that comes under Trust Property or any other documents or electronic or magnetic records concerning the administration of Trust affairs, the Trustee must hold said documents (if electronic or magnetic records are prepared in lieu of said documents by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, said electronic or magnetic records) or said electronic or magnetic records (if documents are prepared in lieu of said electronic or magnetic records, said documents) for ten years from the date of the preparation or acquisition.In this case, the provisions of the proviso to the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis.
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(6)When the Trustee has prepared the documents or electronic or magnetic records set forth in paragraph (2), the Trustee must retain said documents (if electronic or magnetic records are prepared in lieu of said documents by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, said electronic or magnetic records) or said electronic or magnetic records (if documents are prepared in lieu of said electronic or magnetic records, said documents) until the date of the completion of the liquidation of the Trust; provided, however that this does not apply if the Trustee has, after ten years have elapsed from the date of their preparation, delivered said documents or copies thereof to the Beneficiary, or has provided the Beneficiary with information on the particulars recorded in said electronic or magnetic records by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(帳簿等の閲覧等の請求)
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(Request to Inspect Books)
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第三十八条受益者は、受託者に対し、次に掲げる請求をすることができる。この場合においては、当該請求の理由を明らかにしてしなければならない。
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Article 38(1)A Beneficiary may make the following requests to a Trustee.In this case, in making said request, the reasons therefor must be specified:
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一前条第一項又は第五項の書類の閲覧又は謄写の請求
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(i)a request to inspect or copy the documents set forth in paragraph (1) or paragraph (5) of the preceding Article; and
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二前条第一項又は第五項の電磁的記録に記録された事項を法務省令で定める方法により表示したものの閲覧又は謄写の請求
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(ii)a request to inspect or copy any object which shows the particulars recorded in the electronic or magnetic records set forth in paragraph (1) or paragraph (5) of the preceding Article by a means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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一当該請求を行う者(以下この項において「請求者」という。)がその権利の確保又は行使に関する調査以外の目的で請求を行ったとき。
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(i)if the person making said request (hereinafter referred to as the "Requester" in this paragraph) has made the request for purposes other than an investigation related to the securement or exercise of the Requester's rights;
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二請求者が不適当な時に請求を行ったとき。
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(ii)if the Requester has made the request at an inappropriate time;
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三請求者が信託事務の処理を妨げ、又は受益者の共同の利益を害する目的で請求を行ったとき。
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(iii)if the Requester has made the request for the purpose of disturbing the administration of Trust affairs or harming the common interests of the Beneficiaries;
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四請求者が当該信託に係る業務と実質的に競争関係にある事業を営み、又はこれに従事するものであるとき。
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(iv)if the Requester operates or engages in the business which is effectively in competition with business pertaining to the Trust;
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五請求者が前項の規定による閲覧又は謄写によって知り得た事実を利益を得て第三者に通報するため請求したとき。
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(v)if the Requester has made the request in order to inform a third party, for profit, of any fact that the Requester may learn by way of inspecting or copying documents or any other object under the provisions of the preceding paragraph; or
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六請求者が、過去二年以内において、前項の規定による閲覧又は謄写によって知り得た事実を利益を得て第三者に通報したことがあるものであるとき。
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(vi)if the Requester has informed a third party, for profit, of any fact that the Requester has learned by way of inspecting or copying documents or any other object under the provisions of the preceding paragraph within the past two years.
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(3)The provisions of the preceding paragraph (excluding item (i) and item (ii)) do not apply when the request set forth in paragraph (1) is made by all Beneficiaries of the Trust which has two or more Beneficiaries, or when the request set forth in said paragraph is made by a Beneficiary of the Trust which has sole Beneficiary.
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(4)Where it is provided by the Terms of Trust that a request to inspect or copy documents or any other object under the provisions of paragraph (1) is to be restricted with regard to any information other than the those listed below, if a Beneficiary gives consent for said restriction, the Beneficiary who has given said consent (including the Beneficiary's successor; hereinafter the same applies in this Article) is not allowed to revoke said consent:
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一前条第二項の書類又は電磁的記録の作成に欠くことのできない情報その他の信託に関する重要な情報
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(i)information that is indispensable for preparing the documents or electronic or magnetic records set forth in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article or any other material information concerning the Trust; and
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二当該受益者以外の者の利益を害するおそれのない情報
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(ii)information that is unlikely to harm the interests of any person other than said Beneficiary.
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(5)Upon receiving a request to inspect or copy documents or any other object under the provisions of paragraph (1) from the Beneficiary who has given the consent as set forth in the preceding paragraph, the Trustee may refuse said request, except for the part that falls under the information listed in the items of the preceding paragraph.
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一前条第二項の書類の閲覧又は謄写の請求
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(i)a request to inspect or copy the documents set forth in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article; and
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二前条第二項の電磁的記録に記録された事項を法務省令で定める方法により表示したものの閲覧又は謄写の請求
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(ii)a request to inspect or copy any object which indicates the particulars recorded in the electronic or magnetic records set forth in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article by a means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(他の受益者の氏名等の開示の請求)
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(Request for the Disclosure of Names of Other Beneficiaries)
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第三十九条受益者が二人以上ある信託においては、受益者は、受託者に対し、次に掲げる事項を相当な方法により開示することを請求することができる。この場合においては、当該請求の理由を明らかにしてしなければならない。
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Article 39(1)If the case of a Trust with two or more Beneficiaries, each Beneficiary may request that a Trustee disclose the following particulars by appropriate means.In this case, in making said request, the reasons therefor must be specified:
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一他の受益者の氏名又は名称及び住所
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(i)the names and addresses of the other Beneficiaries; and
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二他の受益者が有する受益権の内容
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(ii)the content of the Beneficial Interest held by other Beneficiaries.
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一当該請求を行う者(以下この項において「請求者」という。)がその権利の確保又は行使に関する調査以外の目的で請求を行ったとき。
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(i)if the person making said request (hereinafter referred to as the "Requester" in this paragraph) has made the request for purposes other than an investigation related to the securement or exercise of the Requester's rights;
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二請求者が不適当な時に請求を行ったとき。
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(ii)if the Requester has made the request at an inappropriate time;
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三請求者が信託事務の処理を妨げ、又は受益者の共同の利益を害する目的で請求を行ったとき。
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(iii)if the Requester has made the request for the purpose of disturbing the administration of Trust affairs or harming the common interests of the Beneficiaries;
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四請求者が当該信託に係る業務と実質的に競争関係にある事業を営み、又はこれに従事するものであるとき。
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(iv)if the Requester operates or engages in business which is effectively in competition with business pertaining to the Trust;
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五請求者が前項の規定による開示によって知り得た事実を利益を得て第三者に通報するため請求を行ったとき。
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(v)if the Requester has made the request in order to inform a third party, for profit, of any fact that the Requester may learn by way of the disclosure under the provisions of the preceding paragraph; or
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六請求者が、過去二年以内において、前項の規定による開示によって知り得た事実を利益を得て第三者に通報したことがあるものであるとき。
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(vi)if the Requester has informed a third party, for profit, of any fact that the Requester learned by way of the disclosure under the provisions of the preceding paragraph within the past two years.
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第三節 受託者の責任等
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Section 3 Trustee's Liabilities
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(受託者の損失てん補責任等)
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(Trustee Liability to Compensate for Losses)
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第四十条受託者がその任務を怠ったことによって次の各号に掲げる場合に該当するに至ったときは、受益者は、当該受託者に対し、当該各号に定める措置を請求することができる。ただし、第二号に定める措置にあっては、原状の回復が著しく困難であるとき、原状の回復をするのに過分の費用を要するとき、その他受託者に原状の回復をさせることを不適当とする特別の事情があるときは、この限りでない。
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Article 40(1)When any of the cases listed in the following items has occurred due to a Trustee's breach of the duties, a Beneficiary may demand that the Trustee take the measures specified in the respective items; provided, however, that this does not apply to the measures specified in item (ii), if it is extremely difficult to restore the Trust Property, if the restoration would require excessive expense, or if there are other special circumstances where it is inappropriate to have the Trustee restore the Trust Property:
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一信託財産に損失が生じた場合当該損失のてん補
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(i)if any loss to the Trust Property has occurred:compensation for said loss; and
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二信託財産に変更が生じた場合原状の回復
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(ii)if any change to the Trust Property has occurred:restoration of the Trust Property.
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(2)Where the Trustee has delegated the administration of Trust affairs to a third party in violation of the provisions of Article 28, if any loss or change to the Trust Property has occurred, the Trustee is not released from liability as set forth in the preceding paragraph unless the Trustee proves that said loss or change would have occurred even if the Trustee had not delegated the administration of Trust affairs to the third party.
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(3)If the Trustee has carried out any act in violation of the provisions of Article 30, Article 31, paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) or Article 32, paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), the Trustee is presumed to have caused a loss to the Trust Property in the same amount as the amount of the profit obtained by the Trustee or an interested party of the Trustee as a result of said act.
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(4)Where the Trustee has administered property that comes under Trust Property in violation of the provisions of Article 34, if any loss or change to the Trust Property has occurred, the Trustee is not released from the liability set forth in paragraph (1) unless the Trustee proves that said loss or change would have occurred even if the Trustee had separated the relevant property in accordance with the provisions of said Article.
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(法人である受託者の役員の連帯責任)
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(Joint and Several Liability of Officers of Trustee Who Is a Corporation)
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第四十一条法人である受託者の理事、取締役若しくは執行役又はこれらに準ずる者は、当該法人が前条の規定による責任を負う場合において、当該法人が行った法令又は信託行為の定めに違反する行為につき悪意又は重大な過失があるときは、受益者に対し、当該法人と連帯して、損失のてん補又は原状の回復をする責任を負う。
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Article 41Where a Trustee that is a corporation has incurred liability under the provisions of the preceding Article, if the Trustee has committed willfully or gross-negligently violation of laws and regulations or the provisions of the Terms of Trust, the Trustee's director, executive officer, or any other person equivalent thereto must be liable jointly and severally with the corporation to compensate the Beneficiary for any loss incurred in the Trust Property or to restore the Trust Property.
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(損失てん補責任等の免除)
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(Release from Liability to Compensate for Losses)
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第四十二条受益者は、次に掲げる責任を免除することができる。
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Article 42A Beneficiary may grant a Trustee a release from the following liabilities:
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一第四十条の規定による責任
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(i)liability under the provisions of Article 40; and
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二前条の規定による責任
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(ii)liability under the provisions of the preceding Article.
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(損失てん補責任等に係る債権の期間の制限)
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(Limitation to Term for Claims Pertaining to Liability to Compensate for Losses)
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第四十三条第四十条の規定による責任に係る債権の消滅時効は、債務の不履行によって生じた責任に係る債権の消滅時効の例による。
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Article 43(1)The extinctive prescription for a claim pertaining to liability under the provisions of Article 40 is governed by the provisions on extinctive prescription for claims pertaining to liability arising from the failure to perform an obligation.
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(3)The period of the extinctive prescription for a Beneficiary's claim pertaining to liability under the provisions of Article 40 or Article 41 does not begin to run until the Beneficiary becomes aware that the Beneficiary has been designated as Beneficiary (if there is no Beneficiary at the time in question, until a Trust administrator is appointed).
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(受益者による受託者の行為の差止め)
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(Cessation of Trustee's Acts at Demand of Beneficiary)
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第四十四条受託者が法令若しくは信託行為の定めに違反する行為をし、又はこれらの行為をするおそれがある場合において、当該行為によって信託財産に著しい損害が生ずるおそれがあるときは、受益者は、当該受託者に対し、当該行為をやめることを請求することができる。
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Article 44(1)Where a Trustee has acted or is likely to act in violation of laws and regulations or the provisions of the Terms of Trust, if said act is likely to cause substantial harm to the Trust Property, a Beneficiary may demand that the Trustee cease said act.
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(費用又は報酬の支弁等)
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(Payment of Expenses, Costs, or Remuneration)
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第四十五条第四十条、第四十一条又は前条の規定による請求に係る訴えを提起した受益者が勝訴(一部勝訴を含む。)した場合において、当該訴えに係る訴訟に関し、必要な費用(訴訟費用を除く。)を支出したとき又は弁護士、弁護士法人、司法書士若しくは司法書士法人に報酬を支払うべきときは、その費用又は報酬は、その額の範囲内で相当と認められる額を限度として、信託財産から支弁する。
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Article 45(1)Where a Beneficiary who has filed an action pertaining to the demand under the provisions of Article 40, Article 41, or the preceding Article has won the Beneficiary's case (completely or partially), if the Beneficiary has paid any expenses or costs (excluding court costs) that were necessary in relation to the action or if the Beneficiary is liable for paying remunerations to an attorney-at-law, a legal professional corporation, a judicial scrivener, or a judicial scrivener corporation, said expenses, costs, or remuneration are to be paid from the Trust Property, up to the amount considered reasonable, not exceeding the actual amount thereof.
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(検査役の選任)
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(Appointment of Inspector)
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第四十六条受託者の信託事務の処理に関し、不正の行為又は法令若しくは信託行為の定めに違反する重大な事実があることを疑うに足りる事由があるときは、受益者は、信託事務の処理の状況並びに信託財産に属する財産及び信託財産責任負担債務の状況を調査させるため、裁判所に対し、検査役の選任の申立てをすることができる。
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Article 46(1)When there are sufficient grounds to suspect misconduct or material facts of violations of laws and regulations or the provisions of the Terms of Trust in connection with the administration of Trust affairs by a Trustee, a Beneficiary may file a petition with the court for the appointment of an inspector in order to have the inspector investigate the status of the administration of Trust affairs as well as the status of property that comes under Trust Property and the Obligation Covered by the Trust Property.
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Article 47(1)The inspector set forth in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article may, when it is necessary in order for the inspector to perform the duties, request that a Trustee report on the status of the administration of Trust affairs as well as the status of the property that comes under Trust Property and the Obligation Covered by the Trust Property, and may investigate the books, documents, and any other objects pertaining to the Trust.
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(2)The inspector set forth in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article must conduct the necessary investigation, and must report to the court through the submission of documents or electronic or magnetic records (limited to such records as specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice) in which the results of the investigation are stated or recorded.
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(4)The inspector set forth in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article must, when the inspector has made the report set forth in paragraph (2), deliver to the Trustee and the Beneficiary who filed the petition set forth in paragraph (1) of said Article a copy of the documents set forth in paragraph (2), or must provide them with information on the particulars recorded in the electronic or magnetic records set forth in said paragraph by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(5)When the Trustee has received a copy of the documents or information on the particulars recorded in the electronic or magnetic records by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Trustee must immediately give notice to the Beneficiaries (excluding the Beneficiary who filed the petition set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article; the same applies in the following paragraph) to that effect; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(6)Where the report set forth in paragraph (2) has been made, the court, when it finds it necessary, must order the Trustee to give notice of the results of the investigation set forth in said paragraph to the Beneficiary or to take any other appropriate measures to notify the content of the report.
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第四節 受託者の費用等及び信託報酬等
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Section 4 Expenses and Trust Fees for Trustee
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(信託財産からの費用等の償還等)
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(Reimbursement of Expenses from Trust Property)
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第四十八条受託者は、信託事務を処理するのに必要と認められる費用を固有財産から支出した場合には、信託財産から当該費用及び支出の日以後におけるその利息(以下「費用等」という。)の償還を受けることができる。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 48(1)If a Trustee has paid, from the Trustee's Own Property, expenses that are considered necessary for the administration of Trust affairs, the Trustee may receive reimbursement for said expenses and interest thereon accruing from the date of payment (hereinafter referred to as the "Expenses, etc.") from the Trust Property; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(3)In order to receive advance payment of expenses from the Trust Property pursuant to the provisions of the main clause of the preceding paragraph, the Trustee must give notice to a Beneficiary of the amount of advance payment to be received and the basis for the calculation of said amount; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(4)Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), if the Trustee has assumed obligations under the provisions of Article 40, the Trustee is not allowed to receive reimbursement for Expenses, etc. or advance payment of expenses until after the Trustee fulfills said obligations; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(費用等の償還等の方法)
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(Means of Reimbursement for Expenses, etc.)
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第四十九条受託者は、前条第一項又は第二項の規定により信託財産から費用等の償還又は費用の前払を受けることができる場合には、その額の限度で、信託財産に属する金銭を固有財産に帰属させることができる。
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Article 49(1)If a Trustee may receive reimbursement for Expenses, etc. or advance payment of expenses from the Trust Property pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, the Trustee may transfer monies that belong to the Trust Property to the coffers of the Trustee's Own Property, up to the amount receivable.
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(2)In the case prescribed in the preceding paragraph, when necessary, the Trustee may dispose of property that comes under Trust Property (excluding the case where said disposal would make it impossible to achieve the purpose of the Trust); provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for them, such provisions prevail.
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(3)In the case prescribed in paragraph (1), if any of the items of Article 31, paragraph (2) apply, the Trustee may transfer property that comes under Trust Property other than monies, to the coffers of the Trustee's Own Property, instead of exercising the right under the provisions of paragraph (1); provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(5)In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, the Trustee who has proved to have the right prescribed in said paragraph by means of a document certifying the existence of said right, may also demand a distribution under the proceedings for compulsory execution or for the exercise of a security interest set forth in said paragraph.
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6各債権者(信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権を有する債権者に限る。以下この項及び次項において同じ。)の共同の利益のためにされた信託財産に属する財産の保存、清算又は配当に関する費用等について第一項の規定により受託者が有する権利は、第四項の強制執行又は担保権の実行の手続において、他の債権者(当該費用等がすべての債権者に有益でなかった場合にあっては、当該費用等によって利益を受けていないものを除く。)の権利に優先する。この場合においては、その順位は、民法第三百七条第一項に規定する先取特権と同順位とする。
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(6)The right that the Trustee has pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) with regard to Expenses, etc. for the preservation, liquidation, or distribution of property that comes under Trust Property, which has been conducted in the common interest of creditors (limited to creditors who hold claims pertaining to the Obligation Covered by the Trust Property; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph and the following paragraph) prevails over the rights of other creditors (in cases where such Expenses, etc. were not beneficial to all creditors, those who did not benefit from such Expenses, etc. are excluded) in the proceedings for compulsory execution or for the exercise of a security interest set forth in paragraph (4).In this case, said right has the same rank in the order of priority as a statutory lien prescribed in Article 307, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code.
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(7)The right that the Trustee has pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) with regard to the Expenses, etc. which fall under the following items prevails over the rights of other creditors for the amount specified in the respective items in the proceedings for compulsory execution against or for the exercise of a security interest in the property set forth in the respective items, as set forth in paragraph (4),:
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一信託財産に属する財産の保存のために支出した金額その他の当該財産の価値の維持のために必要であると認められるものその金額
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(i)the amount of expenses paid for the preservation of property that comes under Trust Property or any other amount that is considered to be necessary for maintaining the value of said property:said amount; and
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二信託財産に属する財産の改良のために支出した金額その他の当該財産の価値の増加に有益であると認められるものその金額又は現に存する増価額のいずれか低い金額
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(ii)the amount of expenses paid for the improvement of property that comes under Trust Property or any other amount that is considered to be conducive to increasing the value of said property:said amount or the amount of the increase in value at the time in question, whichever is smaller.
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(信託財産責任負担債務の弁済による受託者の代位)
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(Subrogation of Trustee through Performance of Obligations Covered by the Trust Property)
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第五十条受託者は、信託財産責任負担債務を固有財産をもって弁済した場合において、これにより前条第一項の規定による権利を有することとなったときは、当該信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権を有する債権者に代位する。この場合においては、同項の規定により受託者が有する権利は、その代位との関係においては、金銭債権とみなす。
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Article 50(1)Where a Trustee has performed an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property by using the Trustee's Own Property, if the Trustee acquires the right under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article through said performance, the Trustee is subrogated to the creditor who holds the claim pertaining to said Obligation Covered by the Trust Property.In this case, the right that the Trustee has pursuant to the provisions of said paragraph is deemed to be a monetary claim in relation to said subrogation.
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(2)When the Trustee is subrogated to the creditor set forth in the preceding paragraph pursuant to the provisions of said paragraph, the Trustee must give notice to the creditor, without delay, to the effect that the claim held by the creditor is a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property and that the Trustee has performed said obligation by using the Trustee's Own Property.
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(費用等の償還等と同時履行)
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(Reimbursement of Expenses, etc. and Simultaneous Performance)
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第五十一条受託者は、第四十九条第一項の規定により受託者が有する権利が消滅するまでは、受益者又は第百八十二条第一項第二号に規定する帰属権利者に対する信託財産に係る給付をすべき債務の履行を拒むことができる。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 51A Trustee may, before the right that the Trustee has pursuant to the provisions of Article 49, paragraph (1) is extinguished, refuse to perform the obligation of distribution involving the Trust Property to a Beneficiary or to a holder of vested right prescribed in Article 182, paragraph (1), item (ii); provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide, such provisions prevail.
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(信託財産が費用等の償還等に不足している場合の措置)
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(Measures for Trust Property Insufficient for Reimbursement of Expenses, etc.)
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第五十二条受託者は、第四十八条第一項又は第二項の規定により信託財産から費用等の償還又は費用の前払を受けるのに信託財産(第四十九条第二項の規定により処分することができないものを除く。第一号及び第四項において同じ。)が不足している場合において、委託者及び受益者に対し次に掲げる事項を通知し、第二号の相当の期間を経過しても委託者又は受益者から費用等の償還又は費用の前払を受けなかったときは、信託を終了させることができる。
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Article 52(1)Where a Trustee wishes to receive reimbursement for Expenses, etc. or advance payment of expenses from the Trust Property pursuant to the provisions of Article 48, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) but the Trust Property (excluding any property that may not be disposed of pursuant to the provisions of Article 49, paragraph (2); the same applies in item (i) and paragraph (4)) is insufficient to provide such reimbursement or advance payment, the Trustee may terminate the Trust, if the Trustee has given notice of the following particulars to a Settlor and Beneficiary but has not received reimbursement of Expenses, etc. or advance payment of expenses from the Settlor or the Beneficiary even when a reasonable period of time set forth in item (ii) has elapsed:
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一信託財産が不足しているため費用等の償還又は費用の前払を受けることができない旨
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(i)a statement to the effect that the Trustee is unable to receive reimbursement of Expenses, etc. or advance payment of expenses due to insufficient Trust Property; and
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二受託者の定める相当の期間内に委託者又は受益者から費用等の償還又は費用の前払を受けないときは、信託を終了させる旨
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(ii)a statement to the effect that the Trustee will terminate the Trust if the Trustee is unable to receive reimbursement of Expenses, etc. or advance payment of expenses from the Settlor or the Beneficiary within a reasonable period of time specified by the Trustee.
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(4)Where the Trust Property is insufficient to provide for reimbursement of Expenses, etc. or advance payment of expenses pursuant to the provisions of Article 48, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), if there is neither the Settlor nor the Beneficiary of the Trust at the time in question, the Trustee may terminate the Trust.
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(信託財産からの損害の賠償)
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(Compensation for Damages out of Trust Property)
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第五十三条受託者は、次の各号に掲げる場合には、当該各号に定める損害の額について、信託財産からその賠償を受けることができる。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 53(1)In the cases listed in the following items, a Trustee may receive compensation from the Trust Property for the amount of damages specified in the respective items; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail:
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一受託者が信託事務を処理するため自己に過失なく損害を受けた場合当該損害の額
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(i)if the Trustee has suffered any damages in the course of administering Trust affairs without Trustee's own negligence:the amount of said damages; and
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二受託者が信託事務を処理するため第三者の故意又は過失によって損害を受けた場合(前号に掲げる場合を除く。)当該第三者に対し賠償を請求することができる額
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(ii)if the Trustee has suffered any damages in the course of administering Trust affairs due to an intentional or negligent act of a third party (excluding the case set forth in the preceding item):the amount of compensation that may be demanded from said third party.
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(受託者の信託報酬)
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(Trust Fees for Trustee)
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第五十四条受託者は、信託の引受けについて商法(明治三十二年法律第四十八号)第五百十二条の規定の適用がある場合のほか、信託行為に受託者が信託財産から信託報酬(信託事務の処理の対価として受託者の受ける財産上の利益をいう。以下同じ。)を受ける旨の定めがある場合に限り、信託財産から信託報酬を受けることができる。
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Article 54(1)In addition to the case where the provisions of Article 512 of the Commercial Code (Act No. 48 of 1899) apply to the undertaking of acceptance of a Trust, a Trustee may receive Trust fees (meaning a property benefit to be received by the Trustee as the consideration for the administration of Trust affairs; the same applies hereinafter) from the Trust Property only if it is provided by the Terms of Trust that the Trustee receives Trust fees from the Trust Property.
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(4)The provisions of Article 48, paragraph (4) and paragraph (5), Article 49 (excluding paragraph (6) and paragraph (7)), Article 51, and Article 52, as well as the provisions of Article 648, paragraph (2) and paragraph (3) of the Civil Code, apply mutatis mutandis to the Trustee's Trust fees.
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(受託者による担保権の実行)
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(Exercise of Security Interest by Trustee)
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第五十五条担保権が信託財産である信託において、信託行為において受益者が当該担保権によって担保される債権に係る債権者とされている場合には、担保権者である受託者は、信託事務として、当該担保権の実行の申立てをし、売却代金の配当又は弁済金の交付を受けることができる。
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Article 55In the case of a Trust created with a security interest as the Trust Property, if it is provided by the Terms of Trust that a Beneficiary is a creditor of the claim to be secured by said security interest, a Trustee may, as a holder of the security interest, file a petition for the enforcement of the security interest and have the proceeds of the sale distributed or payment monies delivered, within the scope of Trust affairs.
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第五節 受託者の変更等
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Section 5 Changing of Trustee
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第一款 受託者の任務の終了
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Subsection 1 Termination of Trustee's Duty as Trustee
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(受託者の任務の終了事由)
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(Grounds for Termination of Trustee's Duty as Trustee)
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第五十六条受託者の任務は、信託の清算が結了した場合のほか、次に掲げる事由によって終了する。ただし、第三号に掲げる事由による場合にあっては、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 56(1)A Trustee's duty as Trustee terminates on the following grounds, in addition to the completion of the liquidation of the Trust; provided, however, that in the case of termination on the grounds set forth in item (iii), if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail:
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一受託者である個人の死亡
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(i)the death of an individual who is the Trustee:
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二受託者である個人が後見開始又は保佐開始の審判を受けたこと。
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(ii)a ruling for commencement of guardianship or commencement of curatorship against an individual who is the Trustee:
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三受託者(破産手続開始の決定により解散するものを除く。)が破産手続開始の決定を受けたこと。
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(iii)an order for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings against the Trustee (excluding cases of dissolution by an order for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings);
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四受託者である法人が合併以外の理由により解散したこと。
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(iv)the dissolution of a corporation who is the Trustee for reasons other than a merger;
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五次条の規定による受託者の辞任
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(v)the resignation of the Trustee under the provisions of the following Article;
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六第五十八条の規定による受託者の解任
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(vi)the dismissal of the Trustee under the provisions of Article 58; or
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七信託行為において定めた事由
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(vii)any grounds specified by the Terms of Trust.
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(2)If a corporation who is the Trustee has effected a merger, a judicial person that survives the merger or a judicial person that is incorporated through the merger must take over the Trustee's duty. If a corporation who is the Trustee has effected a company split, the same applies to the judicial person that succeeds to the rights and duties of the Trustee as a result of the company split.
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(6)In the case prescribed in the main clause of the preceding paragraph, if there is a rehabilitation trustee, the right of the Trustee to perform the Trustee's duties and administer and dispose of property that comes under Trust Property is vested exclusively in the rehabilitation trustee. The same applies to cases where there is a provisional administrator in charge of rehabilitation proceedings.
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7前二項の規定は、受託者が更生手続開始の決定を受けた場合について準用する。この場合において、前項中「管財人があるとき」とあるのは、「管財人があるとき(会社更生法第七十四条第二項(金融機関等の更生手続の特例等に関する法律第四十七条及び第二百十三条において準用する場合を含む。)の期間を除く。)」と読み替えるものとする。
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(7)The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis to cases where the Trustee is given an order for the commencement of reorganization proceedings.In this case, the phrase "there is a rehabilitation trustee" in the preceding paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "there is a reorganization trustee (excluding the period set forth in Article 74, paragraph (2) of the Corporate Reorganization Act (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 47 and Article 213 of the Act on Special Rules, etc. for Reorganization Proceedings for Financial Institutions, etc.))."
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(受託者の辞任)
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(Resignation of Trustee)
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第五十七条受託者は、委託者及び受益者の同意を得て、辞任することができる。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 57(1)A Trustee may resign from the office as Trustee with the consent of a Settlor and a Beneficiary; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(受託者の解任)
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(Dismissal of Trustee)
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第五十八条委託者及び受益者は、いつでも、その合意により、受託者を解任することができる。
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Article 58(1)A Settlor and a Beneficiary may, based on an agreement between them, dismiss a Trustee at any time.
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第二款 前受託者の義務等
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Subsection 2 Duties of the Former Trustee
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(前受託者の通知及び保管の義務等)
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(Former Trustee's Duty to Give Notice and Retain Property)
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第五十九条第五十六条第一項第三号から第七号までに掲げる事由により受託者の任務が終了した場合には、受託者であった者(以下「前受託者」という。)は、受益者に対し、その旨を通知しなければならない。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 59(1)If the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on any of the grounds listed in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (iii) to item (vii), the person who was the Trustee (hereinafter referred to as the "Former Trustee") must give notice to that effect to the Beneficiary; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(2)If the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on the grounds listed in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (iii), the Former Trustee must give notice to the bankruptcy trustee of the content and location of property that comes under Trust Property, the content of the Obligation Covered by the Trust Property, and other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(3)If the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on any of the grounds listed in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (iv) to item (vii), the Former Trustee must continue to retain property that comes under Trust Property until a new Trustee (if a Trust Property administrator is appointed pursuant to the provisions of Article 64, paragraph (1), the Trust Property administrator; hereinafter referred to as the "New Trustee, etc." in this Section) becomes able to administer Trust affairs, and must carry out the necessary actions for the transfer of Trust affairs; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, duties of the Former Trustee may be expanded.
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(4)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on the grounds listed in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (v) (limited to the case under the provisions of Article 57, paragraph (1)), the Former Trustee continues to have the rights and duties as Trustee until the New Trustee, etc. becomes able to administer Trust affairs; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(5)In the cases referred to in paragraph (3) (excluding the case prescribed in the main clause of the preceding paragraph), if the Former Trustee attempts to dispose of property that comes under Trust Property, the Beneficiary may demand that the Former Trustee cease to dispose of the property; provided, however, that this does not apply after a New Trustee, etc. becomes able to administer Trust affairs.
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(前受託者の相続人等の通知及び保管の義務等)
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(Duty of the Former Trustee's Heir to Give Notice and Retain Property)
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第六十条第五十六条第一項第一号又は第二号に掲げる事由により受託者の任務が終了した場合において、前受託者の相続人(法定代理人が現に存する場合にあっては、その法定代理人)又は成年後見人若しくは保佐人(以下この節において「前受託者の相続人等」と総称する。)がその事実を知っているときは、前受託者の相続人等は、知れている受益者に対し、これを通知しなければならない。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 60(1)Where the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on any of the grounds listed in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (i) or item (ii), if the Former Trustee's heir (if there is a statutory agent at the time in question, the statutory agent) or a guardian or a curator of the adult Trustee (hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Former Trustee's Heir, etc." in this Section) knows such a fact, the Former Trustee's Heir, etc. must give notice of the fact to the known Beneficiaries; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(2)If the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on any of the grounds listed in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (i) or item (ii), the Former Trustee's Heir, etc. must continue to retain property that comes under Trust Property until the New Trustee, etc. or the incorporated Trust Property administrator becomes able to administer Trust affairs, and must carry out the necessary actions for the transfer of Trust affairs.
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(3)In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the Former Trustee's Heir, etc. attempts to dispose of property that comes under Trust Property, the Beneficiary may demand that the Former Trustee's Heir, etc. cease to dispose of the property; provided, however, that this does not apply after the New Trustee, etc. or the incorporated Trust Property administrator becomes able to administer Trust affairs.
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(4)If the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on the grounds listed in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (iii), a bankruptcy trustee must continue to retain property that comes under Trust Property until the New Trustee, etc. becomes able to administer Trust affairs, and must carry out the necessary actions for the transition of Trust affairs.
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(5)In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the bankruptcy trustee attempts to dispose of property that comes under Trust Property, the Beneficiary may demand that the bankruptcy trustee cease to dispose of the property; provided, however, that this does not apply after the New Trustee, etc. becomes able to administer Trust affairs.
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(6)The Former Trustee's Heir, etc. or the bankruptcy trustee may demand reimbursement, from the New Trustee, etc. or from the incorporated Trust Property administrator, of expenses paid for carrying out the actions under the provisions of paragraph (1), paragraph (2) or paragraph (4), and for interest thereon accruing from the date of payment.
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(費用又は報酬の支弁等)
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(Payment of Expenses, Costs, or Remuneration)
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第六十一条第五十九条第五項又は前条第三項若しくは第五項の規定による請求に係る訴えを提起した受益者が勝訴(一部勝訴を含む。)した場合において、当該訴えに係る訴訟に関し、必要な費用(訴訟費用を除く。)を支出したとき又は弁護士、弁護士法人、司法書士若しくは司法書士法人に報酬を支払うべきときは、その費用又は報酬は、その額の範囲内で相当と認められる額を限度として、信託財産から支弁する。
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Article 61(1)Where a Beneficiary who has filed an action pertaining to the demand under the provisions of Article 59, paragraph (5), or paragraph (3) or paragraph (5) of the preceding Article has won the Beneficiary's case (completely or partially), if the Beneficiary has paid any expenses or costs (excluding court costs) that were necessary in relation to the action or if the Beneficiary is liable to pay remuneration to an attorney-at-law, a legal professional corporation, a judicial scrivener, or a judicial scrivener corporation, said expenses, costs, or remunerations are to be paid from the Trust Property, up to the amount considered reasonable, not exceeding the actual amount thereof.
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第三款 新受託者の選任
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Subsection 3 Appointment of New Trustee
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Article 62(1)Where the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on any of the grounds listed in the items of Article 56, paragraph (1), if the Terms of Trust contain no provisions concerning a new Trustee (hereinafter referred to as the "New Trustee"), or if the person designated by the provisions of the Terms of Trust as a person who is to be the New Trustee does not undertake or is unable to undertake the Trust, the Settlor and the Beneficiary may, based on an agreement between them, appoint a New Trustee.
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(2)Where the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on any of the grounds listed in the items of Article 56, paragraph (1), if the Terms of Trust contain provisions designating a particular person to be the New Trustee, any interested party may specify a reasonable period of time and call on the person designated as the one to be the New Trustee to give a definite answer within that period of time with regard to whether the person will accept the duty; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust is subject to a condition precedent or a designated time of commencement for the provisions, this may only be done after the condition precedent is fulfilled or after the time of commencement arrives.
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(3)Where a call for an answer is made under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the person designated as the one who is to be the New Trustee fails to give a definite answer to the Settlor and the Beneficiary (if there are two or more Beneficiaries at the time in question, to one of them; if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, to the Trust administrator) within the period set forth in said paragraph, it is deemed that the person does not accept said duty.
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(8)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of the preceding paragraphs to cases where there is no Settlor at the time in question, the phrase "the Settlor and the Beneficiary may, based on an agreement between them" in paragraph (1) is deemed to be replaced with "the Beneficiary may," the phrase "the Settlor and the Beneficiary" in paragraph (3) is deemed to be replaced with "the Beneficiary," and the phrase "status of discussions pertaining to the agreement set forth in said paragraph" in paragraph (4) is deemed to be replaced with "status of the Beneficiary."
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第四款 信託財産管理者等
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Subsection 4 Trust Property Administrators
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(信託財産管理命令)
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(Trust Property Administration Order)
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第六十三条第五十六条第一項各号に掲げる事由により受託者の任務が終了した場合において、新受託者が選任されておらず、かつ、必要があると認めるときは、新受託者が選任されるまでの間、裁判所は、利害関係人の申立てにより、信託財産管理者による管理を命ずる処分(以下この款において「信託財産管理命令」という。)をすることができる。
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Article 63(1)Where the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on any of the grounds listed in the items of Article 56, paragraph (1), if a New Trustee has not yet been appointed and the court finds it necessary, the court may, upon petition of an interested party, make a disposition ordering administration by a Trust Property administrator (hereinafter referred to as the "Trust Property Administration Order" in this Subsection) until a New Trustee is appointed.
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(信託財産管理者の選任等)
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(Appointment of Trust Property Administrators)
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第六十四条裁判所は、信託財産管理命令をする場合には、当該信託財産管理命令において、信託財産管理者を選任しなければならない。
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Article 64(1)When the court issues a Trust Property Administration Order, it must appoint a Trust Property administrator therein.
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一信託財産管理者を選任した旨
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(i)a statement to the effect that the Trust Property administrator has been appointed; and
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二信託財産管理者の氏名又は名称
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(ii)the name of the Trust Property administrator.
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(5)Where the Trust Property Administration Order is issued, if a court clerk becomes aware of the existence of any registered right that belongs to the Trust Property, the court clerk must, on the own authority of the court clerk and without delay, commission a registration of the Trust Property Administration Order.
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(6)When a judicial decision is made to revoke the Trust Property Administration Order or when a New Trustee who has been appointed after the Trust Property Administration Order was issued has filed a petition to commission the cancellation of the registration of the Trust Property Administration Order, a court clerk must, on the own authority of the court clerk and without delay, commission the cancellation of the registration of the Trust Property Administration Order.
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(前受託者がした法律行為の効力)
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(Effect of Juridical Acts by the Former Trustee)
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第六十五条前受託者が前条第一項の規定による信託財産管理者の選任の裁判があった後に信託財産に属する財産に関してした法律行為は、信託財産との関係においては、その効力を主張することができない。
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Article 65(1)After a judicial decision on the appointment of a Trust Property administrator has been made under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, no juridical act conducted by the Former Trustee with respect to property that comes under Trust Property may be asserted as effective in relation to the Trust Property.
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(信託財産管理者の権限)
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(Trust Property Administrator's Powers)
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第六十六条第六十四条第一項の規定により信託財産管理者が選任された場合には、受託者の職務の遂行並びに信託財産に属する財産の管理及び処分をする権利は、信託財産管理者に専属する。
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Article 66(1)If a Trust Property administrator is appointed pursuant to the provisions of Article 64, paragraph (1), a Trustee's right to perform the duties and administer and dispose of property that comes under Trust Property is vested exclusively in the Trust Property administrator.
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一保存行為
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(i)an act of preservation; and
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二信託財産に属する財産の性質を変えない範囲内において、その利用又は改良を目的とする行為
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(ii)an act with the intent to use or improve property that comes under the Trust Property, to the extent that said act does not change the nature of said property.
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(信託財産に属する財産の管理)
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(Administration of Property That Comes under Trust Property)
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第六十七条信託財産管理者は、就職の後直ちに信託財産に属する財産の管理に着手しなければならない。
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Article 67A Trust Property administrator must commence the administration of property that comes under Trust Property immediately after assuming the office.
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(当事者適格)
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(Standing to Sue or to Be Sued)
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第六十八条信託財産に関する訴えについては、信託財産管理者を原告又は被告とする。
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Article 68In an action relating to the Trust Property, a Trust Property administrator is to be either a plaintiff or a defendant.
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(信託財産管理者の義務等)
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(Trust Property Administrator's Duties)
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第六十九条信託財産管理者は、その職務を行うに当たっては、受託者と同一の義務及び責任を負う。
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Article 69A Trust Property administrator, when performing the duties, assumes the same duties and liabilities as Trustee.
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(信託財産管理者の辞任及び解任)
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(Resignation and Dismissal of Trust Property Administrator)
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第七十条第五十七条第二項から第五項までの規定は信託財産管理者の辞任について、第五十八条第四項から第七項までの規定は信託財産管理者の解任について、それぞれ準用する。この場合において、第五十七条第二項中「やむを得ない事由」とあるのは、「正当な事由」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 70The provisions of Article 57, paragraph (2) to paragraph (5) apply mutatis mutandis to the resignation of a Trust Property administrator, and the provisions of Article 58, paragraph (4) to paragraph (7) apply mutatis mutandis to the dismissal of a Trust Property administrator.In this case, the phrase "there is a compelling reason" in Article 57, paragraph (2) is deemed to be replaced with "there are justifiable grounds."
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(信託財産管理者の報酬等)
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(Remuneration for Trust Property Administrator)
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第七十一条信託財産管理者は、信託財産から裁判所が定める額の費用の前払及び報酬を受けることができる。
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Article 71(1)A Trust Property administrator may receive such amount for advance payment of expenses and remuneration as determined by the court from the Trust Property.
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(信託財産管理者による新受託者への信託事務の引継ぎ等)
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(Transfer of Trust Affairs from Trust Property Administrator to New Trustee)
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第七十二条第七十七条の規定は、信託財産管理者の選任後に新受託者が就任した場合について準用する。この場合において、同条第一項中「受益者(二人以上の受益者が現に存する場合にあってはそのすべての受益者、信託管理人が現に存する場合にあっては信託管理人)」とあり、同条第二項中「受益者(信託管理人が現に存する場合にあっては、信託管理人。次項において同じ。)」とあり、及び同条第三項中「受益者」とあるのは「新受託者」と、同条第二項中「当該受益者」とあるのは「当該新受託者」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 72The provisions of Article 77 apply mutatis mutandis to cases where a New Trustee assumes the office as Trustee after the appointment of a Trust Property administrator.In this case, the phrase "the Beneficiary (if there are two or more Beneficiaries at the time in question, from all of them, and if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, from the Trust administrator)" in paragraph (1) of said Article, the phrase "Beneficiary (if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, the Trust administrator; the same applies in the following paragraph)" in paragraph (2) of said Article, and the term "the Beneficiary" in paragraph (3) of said Article are deemed to be replaced with "the New Trustee," and the term "the Beneficiary" in paragraph (2) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "the New Trustee."
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(受託者の職務を代行する者の権限)
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(Powers of Person Performing Trustee's Duties on Behalf of Trustee)
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第七十三条第六十六条の規定は、受託者の職務を代行する者を選任する仮処分命令により選任された受託者の職務を代行する者について準用する。
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Article 73The provisions of Article 66 apply mutatis mutandis to a person performing a Trustee's duties on behalf of a Trustee who has been appointed by an order of provisional disposition to appoint a person to perform the duties of a Trustee on behalf of a Trustee.
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(受託者の死亡により任務が終了した場合の信託財産の帰属等)
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(Ownership of Trust Property upon Termination of Trustee's Duty as Trustee Due to Death of Trustee)
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第七十四条第五十六条第一項第一号に掲げる事由により受託者の任務が終了した場合には、信託財産は、法人とする。
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Article 74(1)When a Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on the grounds set forth in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (i), a Trust Property is incorporated as a corporation.
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(2)In the case prescribed in the preceding paragraph, when the court finds it necessary, the court may, upon petition of an interested party, make a disposition ordering administration of the Trust by an incorporated Trust Property administrator (hereinafter referred to as the "Incorporated Trust Property Administration Order" in paragraph (6)).
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(4)When a New Trustee assumes the office of Trustee, it is deemed that the corporation set forth in paragraph (1) was never incorporated; provided, however, that this does not preclude the effect of any acts conducted by the incorporated Trust Property administrator within the scope of the powers of said administrator.
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第五款 受託者の変更に伴う権利義務の承継等
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Subsection 5 Succession to Rights and Duties upon Change of Trustee
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(信託に関する権利義務の承継等)
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(Succession to Rights and Duties Concerning Trust)
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第七十五条第五十六条第一項各号に掲げる事由により受託者の任務が終了した場合において、新受託者が就任したときは、新受託者は、前受託者の任務が終了した時に、その時に存する信託に関する権利義務を前受託者から承継したものとみなす。
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Article 75(1)Where a Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on any of the grounds listed in the items of Article 56, paragraph (1), if a New Trustee has assumed the office of Trustee, it is deemed that the New Trustee has succeeded to, at the time of the termination of the Former Trustee's duty, the Former Trustee's rights and duties concerning the Trust existing as of that time.
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(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, where the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated (excluding the case referred to in the proviso to Article 59, paragraph (4)) on the grounds listed in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (v) (limited to the ones under the provision of Article 57, paragraph (1)), it is deemed that the New Trustee has succeeded to, at the time of assumption of the office by a New Trustee, etc., the Former Trustee's rights and duties concerning the Trust existing as of that time.
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(5)If the Former Trustee (including the Former Trustee's heir; hereinafter the same applies in this Article) has incurred liability under the provision of Article 40, or if a director, executive officer, or any other person equivalent thereto (hereinafter referred to as the "Director, etc." in this paragraph) of the Former Trustee who is a corporation has incurred liability under the provision of Article 41, the New Trustee, etc. or the incorporated Trust Property administrator may make a claim against the Former Trustee or its Director, etc. under the provisions of Article 40 or Article 41.
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(6)If the Former Trustee may receive reimbursement of Expenses, etc. or compensation for damages, or may receive Trust fees from the Trust Property, the Former Trustee may make a demand against the New Trustee, etc. or the incorporated Trust Property administrator for reimbursement of Expenses, etc., compensation for damages, or payment of Trust fees; provided, however, that the New Trustee, etc. or the incorporated Trust Property administrator is only liable for the performance of such obligation within the property that comes under Trust Property.
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(8)Compulsory execution, execution of a provisional seizure or provisional disposition, procedures for the exercise of a security right, or an auction which has already been commenced against property that comes under Trust Property before the New Trustee assumes the office of Trustee, may be continued against the New Trustee.
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(承継された債務に関する前受託者及び新受託者の責任)
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(Liabilities of Former Trustee and New Trustee for Obligations Succeeded to)
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第七十六条前条第一項又は第二項の規定により信託債権に係る債務が新受託者に承継された場合にも、前受託者は、自己の固有財産をもって、その承継された債務を履行する責任を負う。ただし、信託財産に属する財産のみをもって当該債務を履行する責任を負うときは、この限りでない。
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Article 76(1)Even where obligations pertaining to Trust claims are succeeded to by a New Trustee pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, the Former Trustee is liable to perform the obligations thus succeeded to using the Former Trustee's Own Property; provided, however, that this does not apply if the Former Trustee is only liable for using property that comes under Trust Property to perform said obligations.
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(前受託者による新受託者等への信託事務の引継ぎ等)
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(Transfer of Trust Affairs from Former Trustee to New Trustee, etc.)
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第七十七条新受託者等が就任した場合には、前受託者は、遅滞なく、信託事務に関する計算を行い、受益者(二人以上の受益者が現に存する場合にあってはそのすべての受益者、信託管理人が現に存する場合にあっては信託管理人)に対しその承認を求めるとともに、新受託者等が信託事務の処理を行うのに必要な信託事務の引継ぎをしなければならない。
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Article 77(1)When the New Trustee, etc. assumes the office of Trustee, the Former Trustee must, without delay, settle the accounts on Trust affairs and request approval for the settlement of accounts from a Beneficiary (if there are two or more Beneficiaries at the time in question, from all of them; if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, from the Trust administrator), and must transfer Trust affairs as required in order for the New Trustee, etc. to administer them.
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(2)When the Beneficiary (if there is the Trust administrator at the time in question, the Trust administrator; the same applies in the following paragraph) has approved the settlement of accounts set forth in the preceding paragraph, the Former Trustee is deemed to have been released from the liability to the Beneficiary to transfer Trust affairs under the provisions of said paragraph; provided, however, that this does not apply if the Former Trustee has committed misconduct in the course of performing the duties.
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(3)If the Beneficiary has not made any objection within one month from the time when the Beneficiary was requested by the Former Trustee to give an approval for the settlement of accounts set forth in paragraph (1), the Beneficiary is deemed to have approved the settlement of accounts set forth in said paragraph.
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(前受託者の相続人等又は破産管財人による新受託者等への信託事務の引継ぎ等)
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(Transfer of Trust Affairs from Former Trustee's Heir, etc. or Bankruptcy Trustee to New Trustee, etc.)
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第七十八条前条の規定は、第五十六条第一項第一号又は第二号に掲げる事由により受託者の任務が終了した場合における前受託者の相続人等及び同項第三号に掲げる事由により受託者の任務が終了した場合における破産管財人について準用する。
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Article 78The provisions of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the Former Trustee's Heir, etc. if the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on the grounds set forth in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (i) or item (ii), and to the bankruptcy trustee if the Trustee's duty as Trustee has terminated on the grounds set forth in Article 56, paragraph (1), item (iii).
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第六節 受託者が二人以上ある信託の特例
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Section 6 Special Rules for Trust with Two or More Trustees
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(信託財産の合有)
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(Joint Tenancy of Trust Property )
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第七十九条受託者が二人以上ある信託においては、信託財産は、その合有とする。
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Article 79In the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, the Trust Property is deemed to be held under joint tenancy .
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(信託事務の処理の方法)
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(Means of Administration of Trust Affairs)
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第八十条受託者が二人以上ある信託においては、信託事務の処理については、受託者の過半数をもって決する。
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Article 80(1)In the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, decisions on the Trust affairs are made by the majority of the Trustees.
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(職務分掌者の当事者適格)
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(Standing of Trustees with Separated Duties)
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第八十一条前条第四項に規定する場合には、信託財産に関する訴えについて、各受託者は、自己の分掌する職務に関し、他の受託者のために原告又は被告となる。
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Article 81In the case prescribed in paragraph (4) of the preceding Article, each Trustee stands as a plaintiff or a defendant with respect to duties of the said Trustee in any action against the Trust Property on behalf of the other Trustee(s).
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(信託事務の処理についての決定の他の受託者への委託)
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(Delegation to Other Trustees to Make Decisions on Trust Affairs)
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第八十二条受託者が二人以上ある信託においては、各受託者は、信託行為に別段の定めがある場合又はやむを得ない事由がある場合を除き、他の受託者に対し、信託事務(常務に属するものを除く。)の処理についての決定を委託することができない。
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Article 82In the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, no Trustee may delegate the other Trustee(s) to make decisions on the Trust affairs (excluding those falling within the scope of the ordinary business), except where Terms of Trust otherwise provide for or there is a compelling reason to do so.
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(信託事務の処理に係る債務の負担関係)
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(Assumption of Obligations in Administering Trust Affairs)
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第八十三条受託者が二人以上ある信託において、信託事務を処理するに当たって各受託者が第三者に対し債務を負担した場合には、各受託者は、連帯債務者とする。
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Article 83(1)In the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, if each Trustee has assumed an obligation to a third party in the course of administering Trust affairs, these Trustees are liable jointly and severally.
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(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, where the Terms of Trust contain provisions concerning the division of duties among the Trustees, if either of these Trustees has assumed an obligation to a third party in the course of administering Trust affairs pursuant to said provisions in the Terms of Trust, the other Trustees are liable only by using property that comes under Trust Property to perform the obligation; provided, however, that if the third party knew, at the time of the act causing the assumption of the obligation, that said act was conducted in the course of administering Trust affairs and that there were two or more Trustees for the Trust, and did not know and was not negligent in failing to know that the Terms of Trust contained provisions concerning the division of duties among the Trustees, the other Trustee(s) may not duly assert said provisions on the division of duties against the third party.
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(信託財産と固有財産等とに属する共有物の分割の特例)
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(Special Rules for Division of Property in Co-ownership Which Is Both Trust Property and Trustee's Own Property, etc.)
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第八十四条受託者が二人以上ある信託における第十九条の規定の適用については、同条第一項中「場合には」とあるのは「場合において、当該信託財産に係る信託に受託者が二人以上あるときは」と、同項第二号中「受託者」とあるのは「固有財産に共有持分が属する受託者」と、同項第三号中「受託者の」とあるのは「固有財産に共有持分が属する受託者の」と、同条第二項中「受託者」とあるのは「固有財産に共有持分が属する受託者」と、同条第三項中「場合には」とあるのは「場合において、当該信託財産に係る信託又は他の信託財産に係る信託に受託者が二人以上あるときは」と、同項第三号中「受託者の」とあるのは「各信託財産の共有持分が属する受託者の」と、「受託者が決する」とあるのは「受託者の協議による」と、同条第四項中「第二号」とあるのは「第二号又は第三号」とする。
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Article 84For the purpose of the application of the provisions of Article 19 in the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, the phrase "If a co-ownership interest in a specific property that belongs to a Trustee is an interest in both the Trust Property and the Trustee's Own Property" in paragraph (1) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "Where a co-ownership interest in a specific property that belongs to a Trustee is an interest in both the Trust Property and the Trustee's Own Property, if there are two or more Trustees for the Trust pertaining to said Trust Property"; the term "Trustee" in paragraph (1), item (ii) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "Trustee whose Own Property includes the co-ownership interests"; the term "Trustee" in paragraph (1), item (iii) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "Trustee whose Own Property includes the co-ownership interests"; the term "Trustee" in paragraph (2) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "Trustee whose Own Property includes the co-ownership interests"; the phrase "If a co-ownership interest in a specific property that belongs to a Trustee is an interest in both the Trust Property and the Trust Property of another Trust" in paragraph (3) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "Where a co-ownership interest in a specific property that belongs to a Trustee is an interest in both the Trust Property and the Trust Property of another Trust, if there are two or more Trustees for the Trust or another Trust pertaining to said Trust Property"; in paragraph (3), item (iii) of the said Article, the term "Trustees" is deemed to be replaced with "Trustees to whom the co-ownership interests for each Trust Property belong" and the phrase "based on a decision by the Trustees" is deemed to be replaced with "based on an agreement between the Trustees"; and in paragraph (4) of said Article, the term "item (ii)" is deemed to be replaced with "item (ii) and item (iii)."
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(受託者の責任等の特例)
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(Special Rules for Trustee Liability)
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第八十五条受託者が二人以上ある信託において、二人以上の受託者がその任務に違反する行為をしたことにより第四十条の規定による責任を負う場合には、当該行為をした各受託者は、連帯債務者とする。
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Article 85(1)In the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, if two or more Trustees have incurred liability under the provisions of Article 40 for an act that they have committed in breach of their duties, these Trustees who have committed said act are liable jointly and severally.
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(3)In the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, if any of these Trustees is released from liability under the provisions of Article 40 or Article 41 pursuant to the provisions of Article 42, no other Trustee may file a claim to hold the person who would have incurred liability under the provisions of Article 40 or Article 41 liable; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(4)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of Article 44 in the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, the term "Beneficiary" in paragraph (1) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "Beneficiary or the other Trustee(s)" and the term "those Beneficiaries" in paragraph (2) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "those Beneficiaries or the other Trustee(s)."
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(受託者の変更等の特例)
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(Special Rules for Change of Trustees)
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第八十六条受託者が二人以上ある信託における第五十九条の規定の適用については、同条第一項中「受益者」とあるのは「受益者及び他の受託者」と、同条第三項及び第四項中「受託者の任務」とあるのは「すべての受託者の任務」とする。
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Article 86(1)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of Article 59 in the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, the term "Beneficiary" in paragraph (1) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "Beneficiary and the other Trustee(s)," and the phrase "a Trustee's duty as Trustee" in paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "all Trustees' duties as Trustees."
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(2)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of Article 60 in the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, the term "Beneficiary" in paragraph (1) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "Beneficiary and the other Trustee(s)," and the phrase "a Trustee's duty as Trustee" in paragraph (2) and paragraph (4) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "all Trustees' duties as Trustees."
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(4)In the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, when one of these Trustees' duty as Trustee has terminated on any of the grounds listed in the items of Article 56, paragraph (1), notwithstanding the provisions of Article 75, paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), the other Trustee(s) succeeds to the rights and duties concerning the Trust existing as of the time of termination of said duty, by operation of law, and performs the terminated duties of said Trustee; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(信託の終了の特例)
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(Special Rules for Termination of Trust)
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第八十七条受託者が二人以上ある信託における第百六十三条第三号の規定の適用については、同号中「受託者が欠けた場合」とあるのは、「すべての受託者が欠けた場合」とする。
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Article 87(1)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of Article 163, item (iii) to the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, the phrase "if the Trust lacks a Trustee" in said item is deemed to be replaced with "if the Trust lacks all of its Trustees."
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(2)In the case of a Trust with two or more Trustees, the Trust also terminates if the Trust lacks any of the Trustees and the duties of said Trustee are not performed by any other Trustee pursuant to the provisions of the proviso to paragraph (4) in the preceding Article and if the Trustee's office has not been filled by a New Trustee within one year.
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第四章 受益者等
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Chapter IV Beneficiary
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第一節 受益者の権利の取得及び行使
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Section 1 Acquisition and Exercise of Rights by Beneficiary
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(受益権の取得)
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(Acquisition of Beneficial Interest)
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第八十八条信託行為の定めにより受益者となるべき者として指定された者(次条第一項に規定する受益者指定権等の行使により受益者又は変更後の受益者として指定された者を含む。)は、当然に受益権を取得する。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 88(1)A person designated by the provisions of the Terms of Trust as the one who is to be a Beneficiary (including a person designated as an initial Beneficiary or as a new Beneficiary after a change as a result of the exercise of the right to designate or change Beneficiaries as prescribed in paragraph (1) of the following Article) acquires a Beneficial Interest by operation of law; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(2)If a person designated as the one who is to be a Beneficiary as prescribed in the preceding paragraph does not know that the person has acquired the Beneficial Interest pursuant to the provisions of said paragraph, the Trustee must notify such person to that effect without delay; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(受益者指定権等)
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(Right to Designate or Change Beneficiary)
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第八十九条受益者を指定し、又はこれを変更する権利(以下この条において「受益者指定権等」という。)を有する者の定めのある信託においては、受益者指定権等は、受託者に対する意思表示によって行使する。
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Article 89(1)In the case of a Trust with provisions on the persons who have the right to designate or change a Beneficiary (hereinafter referred to as the "Right to Designate or Change a Beneficiary" in this Article), the Right to Designate or Change a Beneficiary is exercised by a manifestation of intention to do so to the Trustee.
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(3)Where the Right to Designate or Change a Beneficiary is exercised through a will pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the Trustee does not know of said exercise, the acquisition of the status of a Beneficiary through the exercise of said Right may not be duly asserted against said Trustee.
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(4)When the person who was the Beneficiary has lost the Beneficial Interest as a result of the exercise of the right to change a Beneficiary, the Trustee must notify said person to that effect without delay; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(委託者の死亡の時に受益権を取得する旨の定めのある信託等の特例)
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(Special Rules for Trust with Provisions on Acquisition of Beneficial Interest upon Settlor's Death)
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第九十条次の各号に掲げる信託においては、当該各号の委託者は、受益者を変更する権利を有する。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 90(1)In the case of the Trusts set forth in each of the following items, a Settlor under those items has the right to change a Beneficiary; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail:
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一委託者の死亡の時に受益者となるべき者として指定された者が受益権を取得する旨の定めのある信託
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(i)a Trust with provisions that a person designated as the one who is to be a Beneficiary is to acquire a Beneficial Interest at the time of the Settlor's death; and
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二委託者の死亡の時以後に受益者が信託財産に係る給付を受ける旨の定めのある信託
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(ii)a Trust with provisions that a Beneficiary is to receive distribution involving the Trust Property at the time of the Settlor's death or thereafter.
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(受益者の死亡により他の者が新たに受益権を取得する旨の定めのある信託の特例)
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(Special Rules for Trusts with Provisions on Acquisition of New Beneficial Interest by Another Party upon Beneficiary's Death)
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第九十一条受益者の死亡により、当該受益者の有する受益権が消滅し、他の者が新たな受益権を取得する旨の定め(受益者の死亡により順次他の者が受益権を取得する旨の定めを含む。)のある信託は、当該信託がされた時から三十年を経過した時以後に現に存する受益者が当該定めにより受益権を取得した場合であって当該受益者が死亡するまで又は当該受益権が消滅するまでの間、その効力を有する。
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Article 91A Trust with provisions that upon a Beneficiary's death a Beneficial Interest held by said Beneficiary is extinguished and another person acquires a new Beneficial Interest (including provisions that upon the death of the predecessor Beneficiary, another person acquires a Beneficial Interest as the successor Beneficiary) is valid, if any Beneficiary who is alive when 30 years have elapsed since the creation of the Trust acquires a Beneficial Interest pursuant to said provisions, until said Beneficiary dies or until the Beneficial Interest of said Beneficiary is extinguished.
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(信託行為の定めによる受益者の権利行使の制限の禁止)
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(Prohibition by Provisions in the Terms of Trust of Beneficiary's Exercise of Rights)
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第九十二条受益者による次に掲げる権利の行使は、信託行為の定めにより制限することができない。
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Article 92No restriction is allowed to be imposed by the provisions of the Terms of Trust on the Beneficiary's exercise of the following rights:
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一この法律の規定による裁判所に対する申立権
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(i)the right to file a petition with the court under the provisions of this Act;
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二第五条第一項の規定による催告権
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(ii)the right to call for a definite answer under the provisions of Article 5, paragraph (1);
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三第二十三条第五項又は第六項の規定による異議を主張する権利
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(iii)the right to assert an objection under the provisions of Article 23, paragraph (5) or paragraph (6);
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四第二十四条第一項の規定による支払の請求権
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(iv)the right to demand payment under the provisions of Article 24, paragraph (1);
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五第二十七条第一項又は第二項(これらの規定を第七十五条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定による取消権
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(v)the right to rescind under the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) (including cases where these provisions are applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 75, paragraph (4));
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六第三十一条第六項又は第七項の規定による取消権
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(vi)the right to rescind under the provisions of Article 31, paragraph (6) or paragraph (7);
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七第三十六条の規定による報告を求める権利
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(vii)the right to request a report under the provisions of Article 36;
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八第三十八条第一項又は第六項の規定による閲覧又は謄写の請求権
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(viii)the right to request to inspect or copy materials under the provisions of Article 38, paragraph (1) or paragraph (6);
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九第四十条の規定による損失のてん補又は原状の回復の請求権
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(ix)the right to demand compensation for a loss or restoration of the Trust Property under the provisions of Article 40;
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十第四十一条の規定による損失のてん補又は原状の回復の請求権
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(x)the right to demand compensation for a loss or restoration of the Trust Property under the provisions of Article 41;
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十一第四十四条の規定による差止めの請求権
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(xi)the right to demand a cessation under the provisions of Article 44;
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十二第四十五条第一項の規定による支払の請求権
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(xii)the right to demand payment under the provisions of Article 45, paragraph (1);
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十三第五十九条第五項の規定による差止めの請求権
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(xiii)the right to demand a cessation under the provisions of Article 59, paragraph (5);
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十四第六十条第三項又は第五項の規定による差止めの請求権
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(xiv)the right to demand a cessation under the provisions of Article 60, paragraph (3) or paragraph (5);
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十五第六十一条第一項の規定による支払の請求権
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(xv)the right to demand payment under the provisions of Article 61, paragraph (1);
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十六第六十二条第二項の規定による催告権
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(xvi)the right to call for a definite answer under the provisions of Article 62, paragraph (2);
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十七第九十九条第一項の規定による受益権を放棄する権利
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(xvii)the right to waive a Beneficial Interest under the provisions of Article 99, paragraph (1);
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十八第百三条第一項又は第二項の規定による受益権取得請求権
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(xviii)the Beneficiary's right to demand that the Trustee acquire the Beneficial Interest under the provisions of Article 103, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2);
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十九第百三十一条第二項の規定による催告権
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(xix)the right to call for a definite answer under the provisions of Article 131, paragraph (2);
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二十第百三十八条第二項の規定による催告権
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(xx)the right to call for a definite answer under the provisions of Article 138, paragraph (2);
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二十一第百八十七条第一項の規定による交付又は提供の請求権
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(xxi)the right to request the delivery of documents or provision of records under the provisions of Article 187, paragraph (1);
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二十二第百九十条第二項の規定による閲覧又は謄写の請求権
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(xxii)the right to request to inspect or copy materials under the provision of Article 190, paragraph (2);
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二十三第百九十八条第一項の規定による記載又は記録の請求権
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(xxiii)the right to request that a particular be stated or recorded in the register under the provisions of Article 198, paragraph (1)
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二十四第二百二十六条第一項の規定による金銭のてん補又は支払の請求権
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(xxiv)the right to demand compensation or payment of monies under the provisions of Article 226, paragraph (1);
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二十五第二百二十八条第一項の規定による金銭のてん補又は支払の請求権
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(xxv)the right to demand compensation or payment of monies under the provisions of Article 228, paragraph (1); and
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二十六第二百五十四条第一項の規定による損失のてん補の請求権
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(xxvi)the right to demand compensation for a loss under the provisions of Article 254, paragraph (1).
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第二節 受益権等
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Section 2 Beneficial Interest
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第一款 受益権の譲渡等
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Subsection 1 Assignment of Beneficial Interest
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(受益権の譲渡性)
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(Assignability of Beneficial Interest)
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第九十三条受益者は、その有する受益権を譲り渡すことができる。ただし、その性質がこれを許さないときは、この限りでない。
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Article 93(1)A Beneficiary may assign a Beneficial Interest to another; provided, however, that this does not apply if the nature thereof does not permit said assignment.
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(受益権の譲渡の対抗要件)
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(Requirements for Perfection of Assignment of Beneficial Interest)
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第九十四条受益権の譲渡は、譲渡人が受託者に通知をし、又は受託者が承諾をしなければ、受託者その他の第三者に対抗することができない。
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Article 94(1)Assignment of a Beneficial Interest may not be duly asserted against a Trustee or any other third party unless the assignor gives notice of the assignment to the Trustee or the Trustee acknowledges the same.
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(受益権の譲渡における受託者の抗弁)
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(Trustee's Defense upon Assignment of Beneficial Interest)
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第九十五条受託者は、前条第一項の通知又は承諾がされるまでに譲渡人に対し生じた事由をもって譲受人に対抗することができる。
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Article 95A Trustee may duly assert as a defense against the assignor any grounds that have arisen in relation to the assignor before the notice or acknowledgment set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article is made.
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(受益権の質入れ)
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(Pledges of Beneficial Interest)
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第九十六条受益者は、その有する受益権に質権を設定することができる。ただし、その性質がこれを許さないときは、この限りでない。
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Article 96(1)A Beneficiary may create a pledge on a Beneficial Interest; provided, however, that this does not apply if the nature thereof does not permit the pledge.
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(受益権の質入れの効果)
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(Effect of Pledges of Beneficial Interest)
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第九十七条受益権を目的とする質権は、次に掲げる金銭等(金銭その他の財産をいう。以下この条及び次条において同じ。)について存在する。
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Article 97A pledge on a Beneficial Interest exists on the following monies, etc. (meaning monies or other property; hereinafter the same applies in this Article and the following Article):
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一当該受益権を有する受益者が受託者から信託財産に係る給付として受けた金銭等
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(i)monies, etc. that the Beneficiary who holds the pledged Beneficial Interest has received from the Trustee as distribution involving the Trust Property;
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二第百三条第六項に規定する受益権取得請求によって当該受益権を有する受益者が受ける金銭等
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(ii)monies, etc. that the Beneficiary who holds the pledged Beneficial Interest receives by demanding that the Trustee acquire the Beneficial Interest as prescribed in Article 103, paragraph (6);
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三信託の変更による受益権の併合又は分割によって当該受益権を有する受益者が受ける金銭等
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(iii)monies, etc. that the Beneficiary who holds the pledged Beneficial Interest receives through the consolidation of Beneficial Interests or splitting of a Beneficial Interest as a result of a modification of the Trust;
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四信託の併合又は分割(信託の併合又は信託の分割をいう。以下同じ。)によって当該受益権を有する受益者が受ける金銭等
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(iv)monies, etc. that the Beneficiary who holds the pledged Beneficial Interest receives through the consolidation or split of Trust(s) (meaning Consolidation of Trusts or Split of a Trust; the same applies hereinafter); and
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五前各号に掲げるもののほか、当該受益権を有する受益者が当該受益権に代わるものとして受ける金銭等
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(v)in addition to what is listed in the preceding items, monies, etc. that the Beneficiary who holds the pledged Beneficial Interest receives in lieu of said Beneficial Interest.
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第二款 受益権の放棄
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Subsection 2 Waiver of Beneficial Interest
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第三款 受益債権
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Subsection 3 Distribution Claims as a Beneficiary
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(受益債権に係る受託者の責任)
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(Trustee's Liability for Distribution Claims as a Beneficiary)
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第百条受益債権に係る債務については、受託者は、信託財産に属する財産のみをもってこれを履行する責任を負う。
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Article 100A Trustee is only liable for using property that comes under Trust Property to perform obligations pertaining to Distribution Claims as a Beneficiary.
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(受益債権と信託債権との関係)
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(Relationship between Distribution Claims as a Beneficiary and Trust Claims)
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第百一条受益債権は、信託債権に後れる。
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Article 101Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary is subordinated to Trust claims.
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(受益債権の期間の制限)
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(Limitation to Term of Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary)
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第百二条受益債権の消滅時効は、次項及び第三項に定める事項を除き、債権の消滅時効の例による。
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Article 102(1)Except for the particulars specified in the following paragraph and paragraph (3), the extinctive prescription for a Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary is governed by the provisions on the extinctive prescription for claims.
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一受託者が、消滅時効の期間の経過後、遅滞なく、受益者に対し受益債権の存在及びその内容を相当の期間を定めて通知し、かつ、受益者からその期間内に履行の請求を受けなかったとき。
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(i)if the Trustee, without delay after the expiration of the period of extinctive prescription, specified a reasonable period of time and notified the Beneficiary of the existence and content of the Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary, but did not receive the Beneficiary's request for performance within said period; or
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二消滅時効の期間の経過時において受益者の所在が不明であるとき、その他信託行為の定め、受益者の状況、関係資料の滅失その他の事情に照らして、受益者に対し前号の規定による通知をしないことについて正当な理由があるとき。
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(ii)if, after the expiration of the period of extinctive prescription, the Beneficiary's whereabouts are unknown, or if there are justifiable grounds for not notifying the Beneficiary under the provisions of the preceding item, in light of the provisions of the Terms of Trust, the status of the Beneficiary, the loss of the relevant materials, or other relevant circumstances.
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第四款 受益権取得請求権
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Subsection 4 Beneficiary's Right to Demand that the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest
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(受益権取得請求)
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(Beneficiary's Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest)
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第百三条次に掲げる事項に係る信託の変更(第三項において「重要な信託の変更」という。)がされる場合には、これにより損害を受けるおそれのある受益者は、受託者に対し、自己の有する受益権を公正な価格で取得することを請求することができる。ただし、第一号又は第二号に掲げる事項に係る信託の変更がされる場合にあっては、これにより損害を受けるおそれのあることを要しない。
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Article 103(1)If a modification is to be made to a Trust regarding the following particulars (referred to as a "Material Modification to the Trust" in paragraph (3)), a Beneficiary who is likely to suffer damages from the modification may demand that the Trustee acquire the Beneficial Interest of the Beneficiary at a fair price; provided, however, that if a modification of a Trust is to be made regarding the particulars listed in item (i) or item (ii), there need not be any potential of suffering any damage from the modification:
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一信託の目的の変更
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(i)a change in the purpose of the Trust;
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二受益権の譲渡の制限
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(ii)restrictions on the assignment of a Beneficial Interest;
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三受託者の義務の全部又は一部の減免(当該減免について、その範囲及びその意思決定の方法につき信託行為に定めがある場合を除く。)
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(iii)a reduction of Trustee's liability or release therefrom in whole or in part (excluding the case where the Terms of Trust contain provisions on the scope of said reduction or release and the means of making decisions thereon);
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四受益債権の内容の変更(当該内容の変更について、その範囲及びその意思決定の方法につき信託行為に定めがある場合を除く。)
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(iv)a change in the content of a Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary (excluding the case where the Terms of Trust contain provisions on the scope of said change to the content and the means of making decisions thereon); and
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五信託行為において定めた事項
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(v)any particular provided for by the Terms of Trust.
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(2)Where a Trust is to be consolidated or split, a Beneficiary who is likely to suffer any damage from the consolidation or split may demand that the Trustee acquire the Beneficial Interest of the Beneficiary at a fair price; provided, however, that where the consolidation or split of the Trust is to involve a modification of the Trust regarding the particulars listed in item (i) or item (ii) of the preceding paragraph, there need not be any potential of suffering any damages from the consolidation or split.
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(3)When the Beneficiary set forth in the preceding two paragraphs is engaged in the decision to make a Material Modification to the Trust or to consolidate or split the Trust (hereinafter referred to as the "Material Modification to the Trust, etc." in this Chapter), and has made a manifestation of intention in the decision-making process to approve said Material Modification of the Trust, etc., the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs do not apply to said Beneficiary.
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一重要な信託の変更等をする旨
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(i)a statement that the Material Modification to the Trust, etc. is to be made;
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二重要な信託の変更等がその効力を生ずる日(次条第一項において「効力発生日」という。)
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(ii)the day on which the Material Modification to the Trust, etc. becomes effective (referred to as the "Effective Day" in paragraph (1) of the following Article); and
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三重要な信託の変更等の中止に関する条件を定めたときは、その条件
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(iii)conditions for cancellation of the Material Modification to the Trust, etc., if any said conditions are specified.
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(6)A demand under the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) (hereinafter referred to as the "(Beneficiary's) Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest" in this Subsection) must be made within 20 days from the date of the notice under the provisions of paragraph (4) or the date of the public notice under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, and the contents of the Beneficial Interest for which the Beneficiary is making the Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest must be specified.
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(受益権の価格の決定等)
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(Determination of Price of Beneficial Interest)
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第百四条受益権取得請求があった場合において、受益権の価格の決定について、受託者と受益者との間に協議が調ったときは、受託者は、受益権取得請求の日から六十日を経過する日(その日までに効力発生日が到来していない場合にあっては、効力発生日)までにその支払をしなければならない。
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Article 104(1)Where a Beneficiary's Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest has been made, if an agreement is reached between the Trustee and the Beneficiary on the determination of the price of the Beneficial Interest, the Trustee must pay the price before 60 days have elapsed from the date of the Beneficiary's Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest (or the Effective Day if it has not arrived by said date).
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(2)If no agreement is reached on the determination of the price of the Beneficial Interest within 30 days from the date of the Beneficiary's Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest, the Trustee or the Beneficiary may file a petition with the court for the determination of the price within 30 days after said 30-day period has elapsed.
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(7)Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (7) of the preceding Article, in the case prescribed in paragraph (2), if no petition set forth in said paragraph has been made within 60 days from the date of the Beneficiary's Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest, the Beneficiary may revoke the Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest at any time after the expiration of said period.
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(10)When a Beneficiary's Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest is made with regard to a Beneficial Interest for which a Certificate of Beneficial Interest (meaning a Certificate of Beneficial Interest prescribed in Article 185, paragraph (1); hereinafter the same applies in this Chapter) is issued, monies equivalent to the price of the Beneficial Interest to be acquired in response to the Beneficiary's Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest must be paid in exchange for the Certificate of Beneficial Interest.
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(11)The Trustee is only liable for using property that comes under Trust Property to perform obligations pertaining to the Beneficiary's Demand That the Trustee Acquire the Beneficial Interest; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust or the decision to make said Material Modification to the Trust, etc. has otherwise provided for, such provisions prevail.
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(12)When the Trustee has acquired the Beneficial Interest pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, the Beneficial Interest is extinguished; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust have, or the decision to make said Material Modification of the Trust, etc. otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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第三節 二人以上の受益者による意思決定の方法の特例
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Section 3 Special Rules for Decision-Making Means Involving Two or More Beneficiaries
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第一款 総則
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Subsection 1 General Provisions
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Article 105(1)In the case of a Trust with two or more Beneficiaries, the Beneficiaries' decisions (excluding decisions on the exercise of the rights listed in the items of Article 92) are to be made with the unanimous consent of all Beneficiaries; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(2)In the case referred to in the proviso to the preceding paragraph, if it is provided in the Terms of Trust that the Beneficiaries' decisions are to be made by majority vote at a Beneficiaries meeting, the provisions of the following Subsection apply; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(3)Notwithstanding the provisions of the proviso to paragraph (1) or the preceding paragraph, provisions of the Terms of Trust on the means of making decisions on release from liability under the provisions of Article 42 comes into effect only if they are the provisions to the effect that said decisions are to be made by majority vote at the Beneficiaries meeting as provided for in the following Subsection.
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一第四十二条の規定による責任の全部の免除
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(i)a total exemption from liability under the provisions of Article 42;
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二第四十二条第一号の規定による責任(受託者がその任務を行うにつき悪意又は重大な過失があった場合に生じたものに限る。)の一部の免除
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(ii)a partial exemption from liability under the provisions of Article 42, item (i) (limited to liability arising from the Trustee's bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of the duties); and
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三第四十二条第二号の規定による責任の一部の免除
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(iii)a partial exemption from liability under the provisions of Article 42, item (ii).
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第二款 受益者集会
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Subsection 2 Beneficiaries Meetings
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(受益者集会の招集)
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(Convocation of Beneficiaries Meeting)
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第百六条受益者集会は、必要がある場合には、いつでも、招集することができる。
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Article 106(1)A Beneficiaries meeting may be convened at any time necessary.
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(受益者による招集の請求)
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(Beneficiary's Request for Convocation)
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第百七条受益者は、受託者(信託監督人が現に存する場合にあっては、受託者又は信託監督人)に対し、受益者集会の目的である事項及び招集の理由を示して、受益者集会の招集を請求することができる。
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Article 107(1)A Beneficiary may request that a Trustee (if there is a Trust supervisor at the time in question, the Trustee or the Trust supervisor) convene a Beneficiaries meeting by pointing out the particulars which are the subject of the Beneficiaries meeting and showing the reasons for convocation.
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一前項の規定による請求の後遅滞なく招集の手続が行われない場合
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(i)if convocation procedures are not conducted without delay after the request was made under the provisions of the preceding paragraph; or
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二前項の規定による請求があった日から八週間以内の日を受益者集会の日とする受益者集会の招集の通知が発せられない場合
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(ii)if a notice of convocation of the Beneficiaries meeting which designates, as the date of the Beneficiaries meeting, any day falling within a period of eight weeks from the date of the request under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, is not issued.
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(受益者集会の招集の決定)
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(Decision to Convene Beneficiaries Meeting)
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第百八条受益者集会を招集する者(以下この款において「招集者」という。)は、受益者集会を招集する場合には、次に掲げる事項を定めなければならない。
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Article 108A person who convenes a Beneficiaries meeting (hereinafter referred to as the "Convener" in this Subsection) must specify the following particulars when convening the Beneficiaries meeting:
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一受益者集会の日時及び場所
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(i)the date and place of the Beneficiaries meeting;
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二受益者集会の目的である事項があるときは、当該事項
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(ii)if there is any particular that is the subject of the Beneficiaries meeting, said particular;
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三受益者集会に出席しない受益者が電磁的方法(電子情報処理組織を使用する方法その他の情報通信の技術を利用する方法であって法務省令で定めるものをいう。以下この款において同じ。)によって議決権を行使することができることとするときは、その旨
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(iii)if there is an arrangement in which a Beneficiary who does not attend the Beneficiaries meeting is entitled to exercise its vote by electronic or magnetic means (meaning the means of using an electronic data processing system or any other means of using information and communications technology which is specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice; hereinafter the same applies in this Subsection), a statement to that effect; and
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四前三号に掲げるもののほか、法務省令で定める事項
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(iv)in addition to what is listed in the preceding three items, any particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(受益者集会の招集の通知)
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(Notice of Convocation of Beneficiaries Meeting)
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第百九条受益者集会を招集するには、招集者は、受益者集会の日の二週間前までに、知れている受益者及び受託者(信託監督人が現に存する場合にあっては、知れている受益者、受託者及び信託監督人)に対し、書面をもってその通知を発しなければならない。
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Article 109(1)In order to convene a Beneficiaries meeting, a Convener must issue a written notice to the known Beneficiaries and a Trustee (if there is a Trust supervisor at the time in question, to the known Beneficiaries, the Trustee and the Trust supervisor), no later than two weeks prior to the date of the Beneficiaries meeting.
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(2)In lieu of issuing the written notice set forth in the preceding paragraph, the Convener may issue the notice by electronic or magnetic means with the consent of those persons who are to receive the notice set forth in said paragraph, as provided for by Cabinet Order.In this case, the Convener is deemed to have issued the written notice set forth in said paragraph.
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(4)In order to convene the Beneficiaries meeting if bearer Certificates of Beneficial Interest are issued, the Convener must give public notice in the Official Gazette to the effect that the Beneficiaries meeting is being convened and with regard to the particulars listed in the items of the preceding Article, no later than three weeks prior to the date of the Beneficiaries meeting.
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(受益者集会参考書類及び議決権行使書面の交付等)
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(Delivery of Reference Documents for the Beneficiaries Meeting and Voting Card)
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第百十条招集者は、前条第一項の通知に際しては、法務省令で定めるところにより、知れている受益者に対し、議決権の行使について参考となるべき事項を記載した書類(以下この条において「受益者集会参考書類」という。)及び受益者が議決権を行使するための書面(以下この款において「議決権行使書面」という。)を交付しなければならない。
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Article 110(1)Upon issuing a notice set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, a Convener must deliver to the known Beneficiaries, as provided for by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, documents stating particulars which may be of reference for the exercise of voting rights (hereinafter referred to as the "Reference Documents for the Beneficiaries Meeting" in this Article) and documents by which the Beneficiaries are to exercise their voting rights (hereinafter referred to as the "Voting Card" in this Subsection).
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(2)When the Convener issues the notice by electronic or magnetic means as set forth in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article to the Beneficiaries who have given their consent as set forth in said paragraph, the Convener may, in lieu of delivering the Reference Documents for the Beneficiaries Meeting and the Voting Card under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, provide information on the particulars that are to be stated in these documents by electronic or magnetic means; provided, however, that when requested by the Beneficiary, the Convener must deliver these documents to said Beneficiary.
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(3)Where the Convener has given public notice under the provisions of paragraph (4) of the preceding Article, if the Convener is requested by a Beneficiary holding a bearer Beneficial Interest (meaning a Beneficial Interest for which a bearer Certificate of Beneficial Interest is issued; the same applies in Chapter VIII) by one week prior to the date of the Beneficiaries meeting, the Convener must immediately deliver the Reference Documents for the Beneficiaries Meeting and the Voting Card to said Beneficiary.
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(4)In lieu of delivering the Reference Documents for the Beneficiaries Meeting and the Voting Card under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Convener may, with the consent of the Beneficiary, as provided for by Cabinet Order, provide information on the particulars that are to be stated in these documents by electronic or magnetic means.In this case, the Convener is deemed to have delivered these documents under the provisions of said paragraph.
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Article 111(1)Where the Convener has specified the particulars set forth in Article 108, item (iii), the Convener must, when giving the notice by electronic or magnetic means to the Beneficiaries who have given their consent as set forth in Article 109, paragraph (2), provide these Beneficiaries with the information on the particulars that are to be stated in the Voting Card by said electronic or magnetic means, as provided by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(2)Where the Convener has specified the particulars set forth in Article 108, item (iii), if the Convener is requested by any Beneficiary who has not given the consent as set forth in Article 109, paragraph (2), by no later than one week prior to the date of the Beneficiaries meeting, to provide said Beneficiary with the information on the particulars that are to be stated in the Voting Card by electronic or magnetic means, the Convener must immediately provide said Beneficiary with the information on said particulars by electronic or magnetic means.
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(受益者の議決権)
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(Beneficiary's Voting Rights)
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第百十二条受益者は、受益者集会において、次の各号に掲げる区分に従い、当該各号に定めるものに応じて、議決権を有する。
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Article 112(1)At a Beneficiaries meeting, a Beneficiary has voting rights based on the particulars specified in the following items for the cases listed in the respective items:
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一各受益権の内容が均等である場合 受益権の個数
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(i)if the content of the Beneficial Interests is equal: the number of Beneficial Interests: or
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二前号に掲げる場合以外の場合受益者集会の招集の決定の時における受益権の価格
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(ii)in cases other than the case set forth in the preceding item:the value of each Beneficial Interest as of the time of the decision to convene the Beneficiaries meeting.
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(受益者集会の決議)
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(Resolutions at Beneficiaries Meeting)
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第百十三条受益者集会の決議は、議決権を行使することができる受益者の議決権の過半数を有する受益者が出席し、出席した当該受益者の議決権の過半数をもって行う。
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Article 113(1)A resolution at a Beneficiaries meeting is adopted by a majority of the votes of the Beneficiaries present, when the Beneficiaries who are present at the meeting hold a majority of the voting rights of all the Beneficiaries who are entitled to exercise their voting rights.
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(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, a resolution at a Beneficiaries meeting regarding each of the following particulars must be adopted by at least a two-thirds majority of the votes of the Beneficiaries present, when the Beneficiaries who are present hold a majority of the voting rights of all the Beneficiaries who are entitled to exercise their voting rights at said Beneficiaries meeting:
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一第四十二条の規定による責任の免除(第百五条第四項各号に掲げるものを除く。)
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(i)a release from liability under the provisions of Article 42 (excluding a release set forth in the items of Article 105, paragraph (4));
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二第百三十六条第一項第一号に規定する合意
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(ii)an agreement prescribed in Article 136, paragraph (1), item (i);
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三第百四十三条第一項第一号に規定する合意
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(iii)an agreement prescribed in Article 143, paragraph (1), item (i);
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四第百四十九条第一項若しくは第二項第一号に規定する合意又は同条第三項に規定する意思表示
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(iv)an agreement prescribed in Article 149, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), item (i), or a manifestation of intention as prescribed in paragraph (3) of said Article;
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五第百五十一条第一項又は第二項第一号に規定する合意
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(v)an agreement prescribed in Article 151, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), item (i);
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六第百五十五条第一項又は第二項第一号に規定する合意
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(vi)an agreement prescribed in Article 155, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), item (i);
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七第百五十九条第一項又は第二項第一号に規定する合意
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(vii)an agreement prescribed in Article 159, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), item (i); and
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八第百六十四条第一項に規定する合意
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(viii)an agreement prescribed in Article 164, paragraph (1).
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(3)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, with regard to the Material Modification to the Trust, etc. pertaining to the particulars listed in Article 103, paragraph (1), item (ii) to item (iv) (in case of the particulars set forth in item (iv), excluding such a particular that would change the balance among Beneficiaries), a resolution at a Beneficiaries meeting must be adopted by at least half of the Beneficiaries who are entitled to exercise their voting rights at said Beneficiaries meeting, and by at least a two-thirds majority of the votes of said Beneficiaries.
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(4)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs, with regard to the Material Modification to the Trust, etc. pertaining to the particulars listed in Article 103, paragraph (1), item (i) or item (iv) (in case of the particulars set forth in item (iv), limited to such a particular that would change the balance among Beneficiaries), a resolution at a Beneficiaries meeting must be adopted by at least half of all of the Beneficiaries, and by at least a three-fourths majority of the votes of all Beneficiaries.
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(議決権の代理行使)
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(Proxy Voting)
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第百十四条受益者は、代理人によってその議決権を行使することができる。この場合においては、当該受益者又は代理人は、代理権を証明する書面を招集者に提出しなければならない。
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Article 114(1)A Beneficiary may exercise the voting rights by proxy.In this case, said Beneficiary or the proxy must submit a document to the Convener certifying the authority of representation.
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(3)In lieu of submitting the document certifying the authority of representation, the Beneficiary or the proxy as set forth in paragraph (1) may, with the approval of the Convener, provide the information on the particulars that are to be stated in said document by electronic or magnetic means, as provided for by Cabinet Order.In this case, said Beneficiary or the proxy is deemed to have submitted said document.
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(書面による議決権の行使)
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(Voting in Writing)
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第百十五条受益者集会に出席しない受益者は、書面によって議決権を行使することができる。
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Article 115(1)A Beneficiary who does not attend a Beneficiaries meeting may exercise the voting rights in writing.
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(電磁的方法による議決権の行使)
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(Voting by Electronic or Magnetic Means)
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第百十六条電磁的方法による議決権の行使は、政令で定めるところにより、招集者の承諾を得て、法務省令で定める時までに議決権行使書面に記載すべき事項を、電磁的方法により当該招集者に提供して行う。
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Article 116(1)The exercise of voting rights by electronic or magnetic means is performed as provided for by Cabinet Order, with the consent of the Convener, by providing the Convener with the information on the particulars that are to be stated in the Voting Card by electronic or magnetic means by the time specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(議決権の不統一行使)
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(Diverse Voting)
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第百十七条受益者は、その有する議決権を統一しないで行使することができる。この場合においては、受益者集会の日の三日前までに、招集者に対しその旨及びその理由を通知しなければならない。
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Article 117(1)A Beneficiary may exercise the voting rights differently.In this case, said Beneficiary must give notice to a Convener to that effect and of the reasons therefor no later than three days prior to the date of a Beneficiaries meeting.
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(受託者の出席等)
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(Attendance of Trustee)
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第百十八条受託者(法人である受託者にあっては、その代表者又は代理人。次項において同じ。)は、受益者集会に出席し、又は書面により意見を述べることができる。
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Article 118(1)A Trustee (in the case of a Trustee who is a corporation, its representative or agent; the same applies in the following paragraph) may attend a Beneficiaries meeting or state its opinion in writing.
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(延期又は続行の決議)
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(Resolution for Postponement or Continuation)
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第百十九条受益者集会においてその延期又は続行について決議があった場合には、第百八条及び第百九条の規定は、適用しない。
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Article 119If a resolution is adopted at a Beneficiaries meeting for the postponement or continuation thereof, the provisions of Articles 108 and 109 do not apply.
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(議事録)
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(Minutes of Meeting)
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第百二十条受益者集会の議事については、招集者は、法務省令で定めるところにより、議事録を作成しなければならない。
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Article 120A Convener must prepare the minutes with regard to the business of a Beneficiaries meeting as provided for by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(受益者集会の決議の効力)
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(Effect of Resolutions at Beneficiaries Meeting)
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第百二十一条受益者集会の決議は、当該信託のすべての受益者に対してその効力を有する。
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Article 121A resolution made at a Beneficiaries meeting binds all Beneficiaries of the Trust.
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(受益者集会の費用の負担)
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(Burden of Expenses for Beneficiaries Meeting)
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第百二十二条受益者集会に関する必要な費用を支出した者は、受託者に対し、その償還を請求することができる。
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Article 122(1)A person who has paid the expenses necessary for a Beneficiaries meeting may demand reimbursement thereof from a Trustee.
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第四節 信託管理人等
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Section 4 Trust Administrator and Others
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第一款 信託管理人
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Subsection 1 Trust Administrator
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(信託管理人の選任)
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(Appointment of Trust Administrator)
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第百二十三条信託行為においては、受益者が現に存しない場合に信託管理人となるべき者を指定する定めを設けることができる。
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Article 123(1)Provisions may be established in the Terms of Trust to designate a person who is to be the Trust administrator if there is no Beneficiary at the time in question.
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(2)If the Terms of Trust contain provisions designating a particular person to be the Trust administrator, any interested party may specify a reasonable period of time and call on the person designated as the one who is to be the Trust administrator to give a definite answer within that period of time with regard to whether the person will accept the office; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust designate a condition precedent or a time of commencement to said provisions, this may only be done after the condition precedent is fulfilled or after the time of commencement arrives.
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(3)Where the call for an answer is made under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the person designated as the one who is to be the Trust administrator fails to give a definite answer to a Settlor (if there is no Settlor at the time in question, to a Trustee) within the period set forth in said paragraph, it is deemed that the person does not accept the office.
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(4)Where there is no Beneficiary at the time in question, if the Terms of Trust contain no provisions concerning a Trust administrator or if the person designated by the provisions of the Terms of Trust as the one who is to be the Trust administrator does not accept or is unable to accept the office, the court may appoint a Trust administrator upon petition of an interested party.
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(信託管理人の資格)
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(Qualification of Trust Administrator)
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第百二十四条次に掲げる者は、信託管理人となることができない。
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Article 124None of the following persons may serve as a Trust administrator:
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一未成年者又は成年被後見人若しくは被保佐人
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(i)a minor or an adult ward or a person under curatorship; and
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二当該信託の受託者である者
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(ii)a person who is the Trustee of the Trust in question.
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(信託管理人の権限)
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(Trust Administrator's Powers)
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第百二十五条信託管理人は、受益者のために自己の名をもって受益者の権利に関する一切の裁判上又は裁判外の行為をする権限を有する。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 125(1)A Trust administrator has the power to conduct any and all acts in or out of court in the Trust administrator's own name on behalf of a Beneficiary in connection with the Beneficiary's rights; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(信託管理人の義務)
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(Trust Administrator's Duties)
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第百二十六条信託管理人は、善良な管理者の注意をもって、前条第一項の権限を行使しなければならない。
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Article 126(1)A Trust administrator must exercise the power set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article with the due care of a prudent manager.
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(信託管理人の費用等及び報酬)
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(Expenses and Remuneration of Trust Administrator)
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第百二十七条信託管理人は、その事務を処理するのに必要と認められる費用及び支出の日以後におけるその利息を受託者に請求することができる。
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Article 127(1)A Trust administrator may demand from a Trustee the expenses that are considered to be necessary for the administration of the relevant affairs and interest thereon accruing from the date of payment.
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一信託管理人がその事務を処理するため自己に過失なく損害を受けた場合当該損害の額
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(i)if the Trust administrator has suffered any damages in the course of administering the relevant affairs, absent the Trust administrator's own negligence:the amount of said damages; or
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二信託管理人がその事務を処理するため第三者の故意又は過失によって損害を受けた場合(前号に掲げる場合を除く。)当該第三者に対し賠償を請求することができる額
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(ii)if the Trust administrator has suffered any damages in the course of administering the relevant affairs through the intentional or negligent act of a third party (excluding the case set forth in the preceding item):the amount of compensation that may be demanded from the third party.
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(3)In addition to the case where the provisions of Article 512 of the Commercial Code apply, the Trust administrator may demand remuneration from the Trustee only if it is provided by the Terms of Trust that the Trust administrator is entitled to receive remuneration.
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(5)In the case referred to in paragraph (3), if the Terms of Trust contain provisions concerning the amount of remuneration or the calculation means thereof, the amount of remuneration is to be determined pursuant to such provisions, and if there are no such provisions, the amount of remuneration is to be a reasonable amount.
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(7)When a judicial decision concerning the remuneration for the Trust administrator is made under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, it is deemed that the provisions set forth in paragraph (3) and the provisions on the amount of remuneration set forth in paragraph (5) were included in the Terms of Trust with regard to said Trust administrator.
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(信託管理人の任務の終了)
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(Termination of Trust Administrator's Duty as Trust Administrator)
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第百二十八条第五十六条の規定は、信託管理人の任務の終了について準用する。この場合において、同条第一項第五号中「次条」とあるのは「第百二十八条第二項において準用する次条」と、同項第六号中「第五十八条」とあるのは「第百二十八条第二項において準用する第五十八条」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 128(1)The provisions of Article 56 apply mutatis mutandis to the termination of a Trust administrator's duty as Trust administrator.In this case, the term "following Article" in paragraph (1), item (v) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "following Article as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant Article 128, paragraph (2)," and the term "Article 58" in item (vi) of said paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "Article 58 as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 128, paragraph (2)."
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(新信託管理人の選任等)
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(Appointment of New Trust Administrator)
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第百二十九条第六十二条の規定は、前条第一項において準用する第五十六条第一項各号の規定により信託管理人の任務が終了した場合における新たな信託管理人(次項において「新信託管理人」という。)の選任について準用する。
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Article 129(1)The provisions of Article 62 apply mutatis mutandis to the appointment of a new Trust administrator (referred to as the "New Trust Administrator" in the following paragraph) in cases where a Trust administrator's duty as Trust administrator has terminated pursuant to the provisions of the items of Article 56, paragraph (1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.
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(3)When a Beneficiary comes into existence and the person who has been the Trust administrator as set forth in the preceding paragraph then learns of said person who has become the Beneficiary, the person who has been the Trust administrator must report to said person who has become the Beneficiary on the process and results of the relevant affairs without delay.
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(信託管理人による事務の処理の終了等)
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(Termination of Administration of Affairs by Trust Administrator)
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第百三十条信託管理人による事務の処理は、次に掲げる事由により終了する。ただし、第二号に掲げる事由による場合にあっては、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 130(1)Administration of affairs by a Trust administrator terminates on the following grounds; provided, however, that in the case of termination on the grounds set forth in item (ii), if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail:
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一受益者が存するに至ったこと。
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(i)a Beneficiary has come into existence;
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二委託者が信託管理人に対し事務の処理を終了する旨の意思表示をしたこと。
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(ii)a Settlor has manifested to the Trust administrator an intent to terminate the administration of affairs by the Trust administrator; or
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三信託行為において定めた事由
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(iii)any grounds specified by the Terms of Trust.
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(2)If the administration of affairs by the Trust administrator has terminated pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the person who has been the Trust administrator must, without delay, report to the Beneficiary on the process and results of the relevant affairs; provided, however, that this applies only if a Beneficiary comes into existence and the person who has been the Trust administrator then learns of said person who has become the Beneficiary.
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第二款 信託監督人
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Subsection 2 Trust Supervisor
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(信託監督人の選任)
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(Appointment of Trust Supervisor)
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第百三十一条信託行為においては、受益者が現に存する場合に信託監督人となるべき者を指定する定めを設けることができる。
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Article 131(1)Provisions may be established in the Terms of Trust to designate a person who is to be a Trust supervisor when there is a Beneficiary at the time in question.
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(2)If the Terms of Trust contain provisions designating a particular person to be a Trust supervisor, any interested party may specify a reasonable period of time and call on the person designated as the one who is to be the Trust supervisor to give a definite answer within that period of time with regard to whether the person will accept the office; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust designate a condition precedent or a time of commencement to the provisions, this may only be done after the condition precedent is fulfilled or after the time of commencement arrives.
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(3)Where the call for an answer is made under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the person designated as the one who is to be the Trust supervisor fails to give a definite answer to a Settlor (if there is no Settler at the time in question, to a Trustee) within the period set forth in said paragraph, it is deemed that the person not accept the office.
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(4)Where there are special circumstances wherein a Beneficiary is unable to supervise a Trustee appropriately, if the Terms of Trust contain no provisions concerning a Trust supervisor or if the person designated by provisions of the Terms of Trust as the one who is to be the Trust supervisor does not accept or is unable to accept the office, the court may appoint a Trust supervisor upon petition of an interested party.
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(信託監督人の権限)
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(Trust Supervisor's Powers)
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第百三十二条信託監督人は、受益者のために自己の名をもって第九十二条各号(第十七号、第十八号、第二十一号及び第二十三号を除く。)に掲げる権利に関する一切の裁判上又は裁判外の行為をする権限を有する。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 132(1)A Trust supervisor has the power to carry out any and all acts in or out of court in the Trust supervisor's own name on behalf of a Beneficiary in connection with the rights listed in the items of Article 92 (excluding item (xvii), item (xviii), item (xxi) and item (xxiii)); provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(信託監督人の義務)
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(Trust Supervisor's Duties)
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第百三十三条信託監督人は、善良な管理者の注意をもって、前条第一項の権限を行使しなければならない。
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Article 133(1)A Trust supervisor must exercise the power set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article with the due care of a prudent manager.
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(信託監督人の任務の終了)
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(Termination of Trust Supervisor's Duty as Trust Supervisor)
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第百三十四条第五十六条の規定は、信託監督人の任務の終了について準用する。この場合において、同条第一項第五号中「次条」とあるのは「第百三十四条第二項において準用する次条」と、同項第六号中「第五十八条」とあるのは「第百三十四条第二項において準用する第五十八条」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 134(1)The provisions of Article 56 apply mutatis mutandis to the termination of a Trust supervisor's duty as Trust supervisor.In this case, the term "following Article" in paragraph (1), item (v) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "following Article as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant Article 134, paragraph (2)," and the term "Article 58" in item (vi) of said paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "Article 58 as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 134, paragraph (2)."
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(新信託監督人の選任等)
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(Appointment of New Trust Supervisor)
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第百三十五条第六十二条の規定は、前条第一項において準用する第五十六条第一項各号の規定により信託監督人の任務が終了した場合における新たな信託監督人(次項において「新信託監督人」という。)の選任について準用する。
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Article 135(1)The provisions of Article 62 apply mutatis mutandis to the appointment of a new Trust supervisor (hereinafter referred to as the "New Trust Supervisor" in the following paragraph) in cases where a Trust supervisor's duty as Trust supervisor has terminated pursuant to the provisions of the items of Article 56, paragraph (1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.
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(2)When the New Trust Supervisor assumes the office, the person who has been the Trust supervisor must, without delay, report to the Beneficiary on the process and results of the relevant affairs, and transfer affairs to the New Trust Supervisor as required in order for the New Trust Supervisor to administer the relevant affairs.
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(信託監督人による事務の処理の終了等)
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(Termination of Administration of Affairs by Trust Supervisor)
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第百三十六条信託監督人による事務の処理は、信託の清算の結了のほか、次に掲げる事由により終了する。ただし、第一号に掲げる事由による場合にあっては、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 136(1)Administration of affairs by a Trust supervisor terminates on the following grounds, in addition to the completion of the liquidation of the Trust; provided, however, that in the case of the termination on the grounds set forth in item (i), if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail:
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一委託者及び受益者が信託監督人による事務の処理を終了する旨の合意をしたこと。
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(i)a Settlor and a Beneficiary have agreed to terminate the administration of affairs by the Trust supervisor; or
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二信託行為において定めた事由
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(ii)any grounds specified by the Terms of Trust.
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(信託管理人に関する規定の準用)
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(Application Mutatis Mutandis of Provisions on Trust Administrator)
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第百三十七条第百二十四条及び第百二十七条の規定は、信託監督人について準用する。この場合において、同条第六項中「第百二十三条第四項」とあるのは、「第百三十一条第四項」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 137The provisions of Article 124 and Article 127 apply mutatis mutandis to a Trust supervisor.In this case, the phrase "Article 123, paragraph (4)" in paragraph (6) of Article 127 is deemed to be replaced with "Article 131, paragraph (4)."
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第三款 受益者代理人
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Subsection 3 Beneficiary's Agent
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(受益者代理人の選任)
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(Appointment of Beneficiary's Agent)
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第百三十八条信託行為においては、その代理する受益者を定めて、受益者代理人となるべき者を指定する定めを設けることができる。
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Article 138(1)Provisions may be established in the Terms of Trust to designate a person who is to be a Beneficiary's agent, while specifying the Beneficiary or Beneficiaries whom the person is to represent.
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(2)If the Terms of Trust contain provisions designating a particular person to be a Beneficiary's agent, any interested party may specify a reasonable period of time and call on the person designated as the one who is to be the Beneficiary's agent to give a definite answer within that period of time with regard to whether the person will accept the office; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust designate a condition precedent or a time of commencement to said provisions, this may only be done after the condition precedent is fulfilled or after the time of commencement arrives.
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(3)Where the call for an answer is made under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the person designated as the one who is to be the Beneficiary's agent fails to give a definite answer to a Settlor (if there is no Settlor at the time in question, to a Trustee) within the period set forth in said paragraph, it is deemed that the person does not accept the office.
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(受益者代理人の権限等)
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(Powers of the Beneficiary's Agent)
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第百三十九条受益者代理人は、その代理する受益者のために当該受益者の権利(第四十二条の規定による責任の免除に係るものを除く。)に関する一切の裁判上又は裁判外の行為をする権限を有する。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 139(1)A Beneficiary's agent has the power to conduct any and all acts in or out of court on behalf of a Beneficiary or Beneficiaries whom the agent represents in connection with their rights (excluding the rights pertaining to a release from the liability under the provisions of Article 42); provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(受益者代理人の義務)
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(Duties of Beneficiary's Agent)
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第百四十条受益者代理人は、善良な管理者の注意をもって、前条第一項の権限を行使しなければならない。
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Article 140(1)A Beneficiary's agent must exercise the power set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article with the due care of a prudent manager.
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(受益者代理人の任務の終了)
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(Termination of Beneficiary's Agent's Duty as Beneficiary's Agent)
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第百四十一条第五十六条の規定は、受益者代理人の任務の終了について準用する。この場合において、同条第一項第五号中「次条」とあるのは「第百四十一条第二項において準用する次条」と、同項第六号中「第五十八条」とあるのは「第百四十一条第二項において準用する第五十八条」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 141(1)The provisions of Article 56 apply mutatis mutandis to the termination of a Beneficiary's agent's duty as Beneficiary's agent.In this case, the term the "following Article" in paragraph (1), item (v) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "following Article as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant Article 141, paragraph (2)," and the term "Article 58" in item (vi) of said paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "Article 58 as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 141, paragraph (2)."
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(新受益者代理人の選任等)
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(Appointment of a New Beneficiary's Agent)
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第百四十二条第六十二条の規定は、前条第一項において準用する第五十六条第一項各号の規定により受益者代理人の任務が終了した場合における新たな受益者代理人(次項において「新受益者代理人」という。)の選任について準用する。この場合において、第六十二条第二項及び第四項中「利害関係人」とあるのは、「委託者又は受益者代理人に代理される受益者」と読み替えるものとする。
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Article 142(1)The provisions of Article 62 apply mutatis mutandis to the appointment of a new Beneficiary's agent (hereinafter referred to as the "New Beneficiary's Agent" in the following paragraph) in cases where a Beneficiary's agent's duty as Beneficiary's agent has terminated pursuant to the provisions of the items of Article 56, paragraph (1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.In this case, the term "an interested party" in Article 62, paragraph (2) and paragraph (4) is deemed to be replaced with "the Settlor or any Beneficiary represented by the Beneficiary's agent."
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(2)When the New Beneficiary's Agent assumes the office, the person who has been the Beneficiary's agent must, without delay, make a report to the Beneficiary or Beneficiaries whom the person who has been the Beneficiary's agent represents on the process and results of the relevant affairs, and must transfer affairs to the New Beneficiary's Agent as required in order for the New Beneficiary's Agent to administer the relevant affairs.
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(受益者代理人による事務の処理の終了等)
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(Termination of Administration of Affairs by Beneficiary's Agent)
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第百四十三条受益者代理人による事務の処理は、信託の清算の結了のほか、次に掲げる事由により終了する。ただし、第一号に掲げる事由による場合にあっては、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 143(1)Administration of affairs by a Beneficiary's agent terminates on the following grounds, in addition to the completion of the liquidation of the Trust; provided, however, that in case of termination on the grounds set forth in item (i), if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail:
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一委託者及び受益者代理人に代理される受益者が受益者代理人による事務の処理を終了する旨の合意をしたこと。
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(i)a Settlor and a Beneficiary or Beneficiaries represented by the Beneficiary's agent have agreed to terminate the administration of affairs by a Beneficiary's agent; or
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二信託行為において定めた事由
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(ii)any grounds specified by the Terms of Trust.
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(2)If the administration of affairs by the Beneficiary's agent has terminated pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the person who has been the Beneficiary's agent must, without delay, report to the Beneficiary or Beneficiaries whom the agent has represented on the process and results of the relevant affairs.
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(信託管理人に関する規定の準用)
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(Application Mutatis Mutandis of Provisions on Trust Administrators)
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第百四十四条第百二十四条及び第百二十七条第一項から第五項までの規定は、受益者代理人について準用する。
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Article 144The provisions of Article 124 and Article 127, paragraph (1) to paragraph (5) apply mutatis mutandis to a Beneficiary's agent.
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第五章 委託者
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Chapter V Settlor
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(委託者の権利等)
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(Settlor's Rights)
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第百四十五条信託行為においては、委託者がこの法律の規定によるその権利の全部又は一部を有しない旨を定めることができる。
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Article 145(1)Terms of Trust may provide for a Settlor not to have all or part of the rights under the provisions of this Act.
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一第二十三条第五項又は第六項の規定による異議を主張する権利
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(i)the right to assert an objection under the provisions of Article 23, paragraph (5) or paragraph (6);
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二第二十七条第一項又は第二項(これらの規定を第七十五条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定による取消権
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(ii)the right to rescind under the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) (including cases where these provisions are applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 75, paragraph (4));
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三第三十一条第六項又は第七項の規定による取消権
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(iii)the right to rescind under the provisions of Article 31, paragraph (6) or paragraph (7);
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四第三十二条第四項の規定による権利
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(iv)the right under the provisions of Article 32, paragraph (4);
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五第三十八条第一項の規定による閲覧又は謄写の請求権
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(v)the right to request to inspect or copy materials under the provisions of Article 38, paragraph (1);
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六第三十九条第一項の規定による開示の請求権
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(vi)the right to request the disclosure under the provisions of Article 39, paragraph (1);
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七第四十条の規定による損失のてん補又は原状の回復の請求権
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(vii)the right to demand compensation for a loss or restoration of the Trust Property under the provisions of Article 40;
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八第四十一条の規定による損失のてん補又は原状の回復の請求権
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(viii)the right to demand compensation for a loss or restoration of the Trust Property under the provisions of Article 41;
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九第四十四条の規定による差止めの請求権
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(ix)the right to demand a cessation under the provisions of Article 44;
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十第四十六条第一項の規定による検査役の選任の申立権
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(x)the right to file a petition for the appointment of an inspector under the provisions of Article 46, paragraph (1);
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十一第五十九条第五項の規定による差止めの請求権
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(xi)the right to demand a cessation under the provisions of Article 59, paragraph (5);
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十二第六十条第三項又は第五項の規定による差止めの請求権
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(xii)the right to demand a cessation under the provisions of Article 60, paragraph (3) or paragraph (5);
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十三第二百二十六条第一項の規定による金銭のてん補又は支払の請求権
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(xiii)the right to demand compensation or payment of monies under the provisions of Article 226, paragraph (1);
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十四第二百二十八条第一項の規定による金銭のてん補又は支払の請求権
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(xiv)the right to demand compensation or payment of monies under the provisions of Article 228, paragraph (1); and
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十五第二百五十四条第一項の規定による損失のてん補の請求権
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(xv)the right to demand compensation for a loss under the provisions of Article 254, paragraph (1).
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(3)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of Article 24, Article 45 (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 226, paragraph (6), Article 228, paragraph (6), and Article 254, paragraph (3)), or Article 61 to cases where the provisions of the Terms of Trust are established as set forth in the preceding paragraph with regard to the rights listed in item (i), item (vii) to item (ix), or item (xi) to item (xv) of said paragraph, the term "Beneficiary" is deemed to be replaced with "Settlor or Beneficiary."
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一この法律の規定により受託者が受益者(信託管理人が現に存する場合にあっては、信託管理人。次号において同じ。)に対し通知すべき事項を委託者に対しても通知する義務
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(i)the duty to notify the Settlor of the particulars of which the Trustee must notify the Beneficiary (if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, the particulars of which the Trustee must notify the Trust administrator; the same applies in the following item) pursuant to the provisions of this Act;
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二この法律の規定により受託者が受益者に対し報告すべき事項を委託者に対しても報告する義務
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(ii)the duty to report to the Settlor the particulars which the Trustee must report to the Beneficiary pursuant to the provisions of this Act; and
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三第七十七条第一項又は第百八十四条第一項の規定により受託者がする計算の承認を委託者に対しても求める義務
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(iii)the duty to request that the Settlor give an approval for the settlement of accounts for which the Trustee must request the Beneficiary to give approval pursuant to the provisions of Article 77, paragraph (1) or Article 184, paragraph (1).
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(委託者の地位の移転)
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(Transfer of Status as Settlor)
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第百四十六条委託者の地位は、受託者及び受益者の同意を得て、又は信託行為において定めた方法に従い、第三者に移転することができる。
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Article 146(1)The status of Settlor may be transferred to a third party with the consent of a Trustee and a Beneficiary or by the means specified by the Terms of Trust.
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(遺言信託における委託者の相続人)
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(Settlor's Heir in Testamentary Trust)
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第百四十七条第三条第二号に掲げる方法によって信託がされた場合には、委託者の相続人は、委託者の地位を相続により承継しない。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 147If a Trust is created by the means set forth in Article 3, item (ii), the Settlor's heir does not succeed to the status of Settlor by inheritance; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(委託者の死亡の時に受益権を取得する旨の定めのある信託等の特例)
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(Special Rules for Trusts with Provisions on Acquisition of Beneficial Interest upon Death of Settlor)
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第百四十八条第九十条第一項各号に掲げる信託において、その信託の受益者が現に存せず、又は同条第二項の規定により受益者としての権利を有しないときは、委託者が第百四十五条第二項各号に掲げる権利を有し、受託者が同条第四項各号に掲げる義務を負う。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 148In the case of a Trust set forth in each of the items of Article 90, paragraph (1), when there is no Beneficiary for the Trust or no Beneficiary has any right as Beneficiary at the time in question pursuant to the provisions of Article 90, paragraph (2), the Settlor has the rights listed in each of the items of Article 145, paragraph (2), and the Trustee has the duties listed in each of the items of Article 145, paragraph (4); provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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第六章 信託の変更、併合及び分割
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Chapter VI Modification, Consolidation, and Split of Trusts
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第一節 信託の変更
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Section 1 Modification of Trust
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(関係当事者の合意等)
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(Agreement among Relevant Parties)
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第百四十九条信託の変更は、委託者、受託者及び受益者の合意によってすることができる。この場合においては、変更後の信託行為の内容を明らかにしてしなければならない。
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Article 149(1)A Trust may be modified by the agreement of a Settlor, a Trustee, and a Beneficiary.In this case, in making such a modification, the contents of the Terms of Trust after modification must be specified:
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(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, in the cases listed in the following items, a Trust may be modified by the means specified in the respective items.In this case, the Trustee must, without delay, give notice of the contents of the Terms of Trust after modification, to the Settlor in the case set forth in item (i), or to the Settlor and the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii):
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一信託の目的に反しないことが明らかであるとき受託者及び受益者の合意
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(i)if it is clear that the modification is not contrary to the purpose of the Trust:an agreement between the Trustee and the Beneficiary; or
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二信託の目的に反しないこと及び受益者の利益に適合することが明らかであるとき受託者の書面又は電磁的記録によってする意思表示
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(ii)if it is clear that the modification is not contrary to the purpose of the Trust and that it conforms to the interests of the Beneficiary:the Trustee's manifestation of intention in a document or electronic or magnetic record.
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(3)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, in the cases listed in the following items, a Trust may be modified by the persons specified in the respective items manifesting their intention to do so to the Trustee.In this case, in the case set forth in item (ii), the Trustee must, without delay, notify the Settlor of the contents of the Terms of Trust after modification:
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一受託者の利益を害しないことが明らかであるとき委託者及び受益者
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(i)if it is clear that the modification will not harm the interests of the Trustee:the Settlor and the Beneficiary; or
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二信託の目的に反しないこと及び受託者の利益を害しないことが明らかであるとき受益者
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(ii)if it is clear that the modification is not contrary to the purpose of the Trust and that it will not harm the interests of the Trustee:the Beneficiary.
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(5)If there is no Settlor at the time in question, the provisions of paragraph (1) and paragraph (3), item (i) do not apply, and the phrase "to the Settlor in the case set forth in item (i), or to the Settlor and the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii)" in paragraph (2) is deemed to be replaced with "to the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii)."
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(特別の事情による信託の変更を命ずる裁判)
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(Judicial Decision Ordering Modification of Trust due to Special Circumstances)
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第百五十条信託行為の当時予見することのできなかった特別の事情により、信託事務の処理の方法に係る信託行為の定めが信託の目的及び信託財産の状況その他の事情に照らして受益者の利益に適合しなくなるに至ったときは、裁判所は、委託者、受託者又は受益者の申立てにより、信託の変更を命ずることができる。
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Article 150(1)When, due to the special circumstances that were unforeseeable at the time of the Terms of Trust, the provisions of the Terms of Trust concerning the means of administration of Trust affairs no longer conforms to the interests of a Beneficiary in light of the purpose of a Trust, the status of Trust Property, and any other relevant circumstances, the court may order a modification of the Trust upon petition of a Settlor, a Trustee or a Beneficiary.
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第二節 信託の併合
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Section 2 Consolidation of Trusts
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(関係当事者の合意等)
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(Agreement among Relevant Parties)
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第百五十一条信託の併合は、従前の各信託の委託者、受託者及び受益者の合意によってすることができる。この場合においては、次に掲げる事項を明らかにしてしなければならない。
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Article 151(1)Trusts may be consolidated by the agreement of Settlors, Trustees, and Beneficiaries of each of the previous Trusts.In this case, in effecting such a consolidation, the following particulars must be specified:
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一信託の併合後の信託行為の内容
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(i)the contents of the Terms of Trust after the Consolidation of Trusts;
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二信託行為において定める受益権の内容に変更があるときは、その内容及び変更の理由
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(ii)if there is any change in the contents of the Beneficial Interest provided for by the Terms of Trust, said contents and the reasons for the change;
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三信託の併合に際して受益者に対し金銭その他の財産を交付するときは、当該財産の内容及びその価額
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(iii)if monies or any other property is delivered to a Beneficiary in the Consolidation of Trusts, the contents and value of said property;
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四信託の併合がその効力を生ずる日
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(iv)the day on which the Consolidation of Trusts comes into effect; and
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五その他法務省令で定める事項
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(v)other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, in the cases listed in the following items, Trusts may be consolidated by the means specified in the respective items.In this case, the Trustee must, without delay, give notice of the particulars listed in the items of said paragraph, to the Settlor in the case set forth in item (i), or to the Settlor and the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii):
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一信託の目的に反しないことが明らかであるとき受託者及び受益者の合意
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(i)if it is clear that the consolidation is not contrary to the purpose of the Trust:an agreement between the Trustee and the Beneficiary; or
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二信託の目的に反しないこと及び受益者の利益に適合することが明らかであるとき受託者の書面又は電磁的記録によってする意思表示
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(ii)if it is clear that the consolidation is not contrary to the purpose of the Trust and that it conforms to the interests of the Beneficiary:the Trustee's manifestation of intention in a document or electronic or magnetic record.
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(4)If there is no Settlor at the time in question, the provisions of paragraph (1) do not apply, and the phrase "to the Settlor in the case set forth in item (i), or to the Settlor and the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii)" in paragraph (2) is deemed to be replaced with "to the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii)."
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(債権者の異議)
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(Objections by Creditors)
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第百五十二条信託の併合をする場合には、従前の信託の信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権を有する債権者は、受託者に対し、信託の併合について異議を述べることができる。ただし、信託の併合をしても当該債権者を害するおそれのないことが明らかであるときは、この限りでない。
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Article 152(1)If Trusts are to be consolidated, creditors who hold claims pertaining to Obligations Covered by the Trust Property of the previous Trusts may state their objections to the Trustees with regard to the Consolidation of Trusts; provided, however, that this does not apply if there is no risk of said creditors being harmed by the Consolidation of Trusts.
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(2)If all or some of the creditors set forth in the preceding paragraph may state their objections pursuant to the provisions of said paragraph, the Trustee must give public notice of the following particulars in the Official Gazette, and must give notice of this to each of the known creditors set forth in said paragraph separately; provided, however, that the period set forth in item (ii) may not be less than one month:
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一信託の併合をする旨
|
(i)a statement to the effect that the Trusts are to be consolidated;
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二前項の債権者が一定の期間内に異議を述べることができる旨
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(ii)a statement to the effect that the creditors set forth in the preceding paragraph may state their objections within a certain period of time; and
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三その他法務省令で定める事項
|
(iii)other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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一時事に関する事項を掲載する日刊新聞紙に掲載する方法
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(i)publication in a major daily newspaper which publishes particulars on current events; or
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二電子公告(公告の方法のうち、電磁的方法(会社法(平成十七年法律第八十六号)第二条第三十四号に規定する電磁的方法をいう。)により不特定多数の者が公告すべき内容である情報の提供を受けることができる状態に置く措置であって同号に規定するものをとる方法をいう。次節において同じ。)
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(ii)electronic public notice (meaning, among means of public notice, a means wherein measures are taken to make the information that must be given in a public notice available to many and unspecified persons by electronic or magnetic means (meaning an electronic or magnetic means prescribed in Article 2, item (xxxiv) of the Companies Act (Act No. 86 of 2005), which is prescribed in said item; the same applies in the following Section)).
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5第一項の債権者が第二項第二号の期間内に異議を述べたときは、受託者は、当該債権者に対し、弁済し、若しくは相当の担保を提供し、又は当該債権者に弁済を受けさせることを目的として信託会社等(信託会社及び信託業務を営む金融機関(金融機関の信託業務の兼営等に関する法律(昭和十八年法律第四十三号)第一条第一項の認可を受けた金融機関をいう。)をいう。次節において同じ。)に相当の財産を信託しなければならない。ただし、当該信託の併合をしても当該債権者を害するおそれがないときは、この限りでない。
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(5)When any creditors set forth in paragraph (1) state their objections within the period set forth in paragraph (2), item (ii), the Trustee must make payment or provide reasonable security to such creditors, or must entrust adequate property to a Trust company, etc. (meaning a Trust company or a financial institution engaging in the Trust business (meaning a financial institution authorized under Article 1, paragraph (1) of the Act on the Concurrent Undertaking of Trust Business by Financial Institutions (Act No. 43 of 1943)); the same applies in the following Section) for the purpose of having said creditors receive payment; provided, however, that this does not apply if there is no risk of said creditors being harmed by the Consolidation of Trusts.
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(信託の併合後の信託の信託財産責任負担債務の範囲等)
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(Scope of Obligations Covered by the Trust Property after Consolidation of Trusts)
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第百五十三条信託の併合がされた場合において、従前の信託の信託財産責任負担債務であった債務は、信託の併合後の信託の信託財産責任負担債務となる。
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Article 153Where Trusts are consolidated, the Obligations Covered by the Trust Property of the previous Trusts becomes Obligations Covered by Trust Property after the Consolidation of Trusts.
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Article 154Where Trusts are consolidated, the obligations covered only by the Trust Property (meaning Obligations Covered by the Trust Property which may be paid only out of property that comes under Trust Property, hereinafter the same applies in this Chapter) among Obligations Covered by the Trust Property with regard to the previous Trusts referred to in the preceding Article, becomes obligations covered only by the Trust Property after the Consolidation of Trusts.
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第三節 信託の分割
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Section 3 Split of a Trust
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第一款 吸収信託分割
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Subsection 1 Absorption-Type Trust Splits
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(関係当事者の合意等)
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(Agreement among Relevant Parties)
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第百五十五条吸収信託分割は、委託者、受託者及び受益者の合意によってすることができる。この場合においては、次に掲げる事項を明らかにしてしなければならない。
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Article 155(1)An Absorption-Type Trust Split may be effected by an agreement of a Settlor, a Trustee, and a Beneficiary.In this case, the following particulars must be specified:
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一吸収信託分割後の信託行為の内容
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(i)the contents of the Terms of Trust after the Absorption-Type Trust Split;
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二信託行為において定める受益権の内容に変更があるときは、その内容及び変更の理由
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(ii)if there is any change in the contents of the Beneficial Interest provided for by the Terms of Trust, said contents and the reasons for the change;
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三吸収信託分割に際して受益者に対し金銭その他の財産を交付するときは、当該財産の内容及びその価額
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(iii)if monies or any other property is delivered to a Beneficiary in the Absorption-Type Trust Split, the contents and value of said property;
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四吸収信託分割がその効力を生ずる日
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(iv)the day on which the Absorption-Type Trust Split comes into effect;
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五移転する財産の内容
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(v)the contents of any property to be transferred;
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六吸収信託分割によりその信託財産の一部を他の信託に移転する信託(以下この款において「分割信託」という。)の信託財産責任負担債務でなくなり、分割信託からその信託財産の一部の移転を受ける信託(以下「承継信託」という。)の信託財産責任負担債務となる債務があるときは、当該債務に係る事項
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(vi)if there is any obligation which will, as a result of the Absorption-Type Trust Split, cease to be an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the Trust that transfers a part of its Trust Property to another Trust (hereinafter referred to as the "Split Trust" in this Subsection), and will become an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the other Trust to which said part of the Trust Property is transferred (hereinafter referred to as the "Succeeding Trust"), the particulars concerning said obligation; and
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七その他法務省令で定める事項
|
(vii)other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, in the cases listed in the following items, an Absorption-Type Trust Split may be effected by the means specified in the respective items.In this case, the Trustee must, without delay, give notice of the particulars listed in the items of said paragraph, to the Settlor in the case set forth in item (i), or to the Settlor and the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii):
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一信託の目的に反しないことが明らかであるとき受託者及び受益者の合意
|
(i)if it is clear that the split is not contrary to the purpose of the Trust:an agreement between the Trustee and the Beneficiary; or
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二信託の目的に反しないこと及び受益者の利益に適合することが明らかであるとき受託者の書面又は電磁的記録によってする意思表示
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(ii)if it is clear that the split is not contrary to the purpose of the Trust and that it conforms to the interests of the Beneficiary:the Trustee's manifestation of intention in a document or electronic or magnetic record.
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(4)If there is no Settlor at the time in question, the provisions of paragraph (1) do not apply, and the phrase "to the Settlor in the case set forth in item (i), or to the Settlor and the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii)" in paragraph (2) is deemed to be replaced with "to the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii)."
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(債権者の異議)
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(Objections by Creditors)
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第百五十六条吸収信託分割をする場合には、分割信託又は承継信託の信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権を有する債権者は、受託者に対し、吸収信託分割について異議を述べることができる。ただし、吸収信託分割をしても当該債権者を害するおそれのないことが明らかであるときは、この限りでない。
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Article 156(1)If an Absorption-Type Trust Split is to be effected, creditors who hold claims pertaining to Obligations Covered by the Trust Property of the Split Trust or the Succeeding Trust may state their objections to the Trustee with regard to the Absorption-Type Trust Split; provided, however, that this does not apply if there is no risk of said creditors being harmed by the Absorption-Type Trust Split.
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(2)If all or some of the creditors set forth in the preceding paragraph may state their objections pursuant to the provisions of said paragraph, the Trustee must give public notice of the following particulars in the Official Gazette, and must give notice of this to each of the known creditors set forth in said paragraph separately; provided, however, that the period set forth in item (ii) may not be less than one month:
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一吸収信託分割をする旨
|
(i)a statement to the effect that the Absorption-Type Trust Split is to be effected;
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二前項の債権者が一定の期間内に異議を述べることができる旨
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(ii)a statement to the effect that the creditors set forth in the preceding paragraph may state their objections within a certain period of time; and
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三その他法務省令で定める事項
|
(iii)other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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一時事に関する事項を掲載する日刊新聞紙に掲載する方法
|
(i)publication in a major daily newspaper which publishes particulars on current events; or
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二電子公告
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(ii)electronic public notice.
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(5)When any creditors set forth in paragraph (1) state their objections within the period set forth in paragraph (2), item (ii), the Trustee must make payment or provide reasonable security to such creditors, or must entrust adequate property to a Trust company, etc. for the purpose of having said creditors receive payment; provided, however, that this does not apply if there is no risk of said creditors being harmed by the Absorption-Type Trust Split.
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(吸収信託分割後の分割信託及び承継信託の信託財産責任負担債務の範囲等)
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(Scope of Obligations Covered by the Trust Property of Split Trust and That of Succeeding Trust after Absorption-Type Trust Split)
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第百五十七条吸収信託分割がされた場合において、第百五十五条第一項第六号の債務は、吸収信託分割後の分割信託の信託財産責任負担債務でなくなり、吸収信託分割後の承継信託の信託財産責任負担債務となる。この場合において、分割信託の信託財産限定責任負担債務であった債務は、承継信託の信託財産限定責任負担債務となる。
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Article 157Where an Absorption-Type Trust Split is effected, the obligation set forth in Article 155, paragraph (1), item (vi) ceases to be an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the Split Trust after the Absorption-Type Trust Split, and becomes an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the Succeeding Trust after the Absorption-Type Trust Split.In this case, any obligation which was an obligation covered only by the Trust Property of the Split Trust becomes an obligation covered only by the Trust Property of the Succeeding Trust.
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Article 158Where a creditor who may state objections pursuant to the provisions of Article 156, paragraph (1) (limited to creditors to whom separate notice must be given pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of said Article) has not been given notice as set forth in paragraph (2) of said Article, the creditor may also demand, based on the claim which the creditor has held since before the Absorption-Type Trust Split and which falls under any of the following items, that the Trustee perform the obligation pertaining to said claim by using the property specified in the respective items; provided, however, that said performance is limited, in the case of the property set forth in item (i), to the value of the property to be transferred to the Succeeding Trust as of the day on which the Absorption-Type Trust Split comes into effect, and in the case of the property set forth in item (ii), to the value of the Trust Property of the Split Trust as of said day:
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一分割信託の信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権(第百五十五条第一項第六号の債務に係る債権を除く。)吸収信託分割後の承継信託の信託財産に属する財産
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(i)a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the Split Trust (excluding claims pertaining to the obligation set forth in Article 155, paragraph (1), item (vi)):property that comes under Trust Property of the Succeeding Trust after the Absorption-Type Trust Split; or
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二承継信託の信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権(第百五十五条第一項第六号の債務に係る債権に限る。)吸収信託分割後の分割信託の信託財産に属する財産
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(ii)a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the Succeeding Trust (limited to claims pertaining to the obligation set forth in Article 155, paragraph (1), item (vi)):property that comes under Trust Property of the Split Trust after the Absorption-Type Trust Split.
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第二款 新規信託分割
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Subsection 2 Creation-Type Trust Splits
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(関係当事者の合意等)
|
(Agreement among the Relevant Parties)
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第百五十九条新規信託分割は、委託者、受託者及び受益者の合意によってすることができる。この場合においては、次に掲げる事項を明らかにしてしなければならない。
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Article 159(1)A Creation-Type Trust Split may be effected by an agreement of a Settlor, a Trustee, and a Beneficiary of a Trust.In this case, in effecting such a split, the following particulars must be specified:
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一新規信託分割後の信託行為の内容
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(i)the contents of the Terms of Trust after the Creation-Type Trust Split;
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二信託行為において定める受益権の内容に変更があるときは、その内容及び変更の理由
|
(ii)if there is a change in the contents of the Beneficial Interest provided for by the Terms of Trust, said contents and the reasons for the change;
|
三新規信託分割に際して受益者に対し金銭その他の財産を交付するときは、当該財産の内容及びその価額
|
(iii)if monies or any other property is delivered to a Beneficiary in the Creation-Type Trust Split, the contents and value of said property;
|
四新規信託分割がその効力を生ずる日
|
(iv)the day on which the Creation-Type Trust Split comes into effect;
|
五移転する財産の内容
|
(v)the contents of any property to be transferred;
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六新規信託分割により従前の信託の信託財産責任負担債務でなくなり、新たな信託の信託財産責任負担債務となる債務があるときは、当該債務に係る事項
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(vi)if there is any obligation which will, as a result of the Creation-Type Trust Split, cease to be an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the previous Trust and become an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the new Trust, particulars concerning said obligation; and
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七その他法務省令で定める事項
|
(vii)other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, in the cases listed in the following items, a Creation-Type Trust Split may be effected by the means specified in the respective items.In this case, the Trustee must, without delay, give notice of the particulars listed in the items of said paragraph, to the Settlor in the case set forth in item (i), or to the Settlor and the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii):
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一信託の目的に反しないことが明らかであるとき受託者及び受益者の合意
|
(i)if it is clear that the split is not contrary to the purpose of the Trust:an agreement between the Trustee and the Beneficiary; or
|
二信託の目的に反しないこと及び受益者の利益に適合することが明らかであるとき受託者の書面又は電磁的記録によってする意思表示
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(ii)if it is clear that the split is not contrary to the purpose of the Trust and that it conforms to the interests of the Beneficiary:the Trustee's manifestation of intention in a document or electronic or magnetic record.
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(4)If there is no Settlor at the time in question, the provision of paragraph (1) do not apply, and the phrase "to the Settlor in the case set forth in item (i), or to the Settlor and the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii)" in paragraph (2) is deemed to be replaced with "to the Beneficiary in the case set forth in item (ii)."
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(債権者の異議)
|
(Objections by Creditors)
|
第百六十条新規信託分割をする場合には、従前の信託の信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権を有する債権者は、受託者に対し、新規信託分割について異議を述べることができる。ただし、新規信託分割をしても当該債権者を害するおそれのないことが明らかであるときは、この限りでない。
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Article 160(1)If a Creation-Type Trust Split is to be effected, creditors who hold claims pertaining to Obligations Covered by the Trust Property of the previous Trust may state their objections to the Trustee with regard to the Creation-Type Trust Split; provided, however, that this does not apply if there is no risk of said creditors being harmed by the Creation-Type Trust Split.
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(2)Where all or some of the creditors set forth in the preceding paragraph may state their objections pursuant to the provisions of said paragraph, the Trustee must give public notice of the following particulars in the Official Gazette, and must give notice of this to each of the known creditors set forth in said paragraph separately; provided, however, that the period set forth in item (ii) may not be less than one month:
|
|
一新規信託分割をする旨
|
(i)a statement to the effect that the Creation-Type Trust Split is to be effected;
|
二前項の債権者が一定の期間内に異議を述べることができる旨
|
(ii)a statement to the effect that the creditors set forth in the preceding paragraph may state their objections within a certain period of time; and
|
三その他法務省令で定める事項
|
(iii)other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
|
一時事に関する事項を掲載する日刊新聞紙に掲載する方法
|
(i)publication in a major daily newspaper which publishes particulars on current events; or
|
二電子公告
|
(ii)electronic public notice.
|
(5)When any creditors set forth in paragraph (1) state their objections within the period set forth in paragraph (2), item (ii), the Trustee must make payment or provide reasonable security to such creditors, or must entrust adequate property to a Trust company, etc. for the purpose of having said creditors receive payment; provided, however, that this does not apply if there is no risk of said creditors being harmed by the Creation-Type Trust Split.
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(新規信託分割後の従前の信託及び新たな信託の信託財産責任負担債務の範囲等)
|
(Scope of Obligations Covered by the Trust Property of Previous Trust and That of New Trust after Creation-Type Trust Split)
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第百六十一条新規信託分割がされた場合において、第百五十九条第一項第六号の債務は、新規信託分割後の従前の信託の信託財産責任負担債務でなくなり、新規信託分割後の新たな信託の信託財産責任負担債務となる。この場合において、従前の信託の信託財産限定責任負担債務であった債務は、新たな信託の信託財産限定責任負担債務となる。
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Article 161Where a Creation-Type Trust Split is effected, the obligation set forth in Article 159, paragraph (1), item (vi) ceases to be an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the previous Trust after the Creation-Type Trust Split, and becomes an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the new Trust after the Creation-Type Trust Split.In this case, any obligation which was an obligation covered only by the Trust Property of the previous Trust becomes an obligation covered only by the Trust Property of the new Trust.
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Article 162Where a creditor who may state an objection pursuant to the provisions of Article 160, paragraph (1) (limited to creditors to whom separate notice must be given pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of said Article) has not been given notice as set forth in paragraph (2) of said Article, the creditor may also demand, based on a claim which the creditor has held since before the Creation-Type Trust Split and which falls under any of the following items, that the Trustee perform the obligation pertaining to said claim by using the property specified in the respective items; provided, however, that said performance is limited, in the case of the property set forth in item (i), to the value of the Trust Property of the new Trust as of the day on which the Creation-Type Trust Split comes into effect, and in the case of the property set forth in item (ii), to the value of the Trust Property of the previous Trust as of said day:
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一従前の信託の信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権(第百五十九条第一項第六号の債務に係る債権を除く。)新規信託分割後の新たな信託の信託財産に属する財産
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(i)a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the previous Trust (excluding a claim pertaining to the obligation set forth in Article 159, paragraph (1), item (vi)):property that comes under Trust Property of the new Trust after the Creation-Type Trust Split; or
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二新たな信託の信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権となった債権(第百五十九条第一項第六号の債務に係る債権に限る。)新規信託分割後の従前の信託の信託財産に属する財産
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(ii)a claim which has become a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property of the new Trust (limited to a claim pertaining to the obligation set forth in Article 159, paragraph (1), item (vi)):property that comes under Trust Property of the previous Trust after the Creation-Type Trust Split.
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第七章 信託の終了及び清算
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Chapter VII Termination and Liquidation of Trust
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第一節 信託の終了
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Section 1 Termination of Trust
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(信託の終了事由)
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(Grounds for Termination of Trust)
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第百六十三条信託は、次条の規定によるほか、次に掲げる場合に終了する。
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Article 163In addition to cases under the provisions of the following Article, a Trust terminates in the following cases:
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一信託の目的を達成したとき、又は信託の目的を達成することができなくなったとき。
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(i)if the purpose of the Trust has been achieved or if it has become impossible to achieve the purpose of the Trust;
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二受託者が受益権の全部を固有財産で有する状態が一年間継続したとき。
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(ii)if the Trustee has continuously held all Beneficial Interests in the form of the Trustee's Own Property for one year;
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三受託者が欠けた場合であって、新受託者が就任しない状態が一年間継続したとき。
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(iii)if the Trust lacks a Trustee and the office has not been filled with a New Trustee for one year;
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四受託者が第五十二条(第五十三条第二項及び第五十四条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により信託を終了させたとき。
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(iv)if the Trustee has terminated the Trust pursuant to the provisions of Article 52 (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 53, paragraph (2) and Article 54, paragraph (4));
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五信託の併合がされたとき。
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(v)if the Trust is consolidated with another Trust;
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六第百六十五条又は第百六十六条の規定により信託の終了を命ずる裁判があったとき。
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(vi)if a judicial decision ordering the termination of the Trust has been rendered pursuant to the provisions of Article 165 or Article 166;
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七信託財産についての破産手続開始の決定があったとき。
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(vii)if an order for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings has been entered against the Trust Property;
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八委託者が破産手続開始の決定、再生手続開始の決定又は更生手続開始の決定を受けた場合において、破産法第五十三条第一項、民事再生法第四十九条第一項又は会社更生法第六十一条第一項(金融機関等の更生手続の特例等に関する法律第四十一条第一項及び第二百六条第一項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定による信託契約の解除がされたとき。
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(viii)where the Settlor is given an order for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, an order for the commencement of rehabilitation proceedings, or an order for the commencement of reorganization proceedings, if the Trust Agreement is cancelled under the provisions of Article 53, paragraph (1) of the Bankruptcy Act, Article 49, paragraph (1) of the Civil Rehabilitation Act or Article 61, paragraph (1) of the Corporate Reorganization Act (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 41, paragraph (1) and Article 206, paragraph (1) of the Act on Special Rules, etc. for Reorganization Proceedings for Financial Institutions, etc.); or
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九信託行為において定めた事由が生じたとき。
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(ix)if any grounds specified by the Terms of Trust occur.
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(委託者及び受益者の合意等による信託の終了)
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(Termination of Trust by Agreement between Settlor and Beneficiary)
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第百六十四条委託者及び受益者は、いつでも、その合意により、信託を終了することができる。
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Article 164(1)A Settlor and a Beneficiary may terminate a Trust at any time by an agreement between them.
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(2)When the Settlor and the Beneficiary have terminated the Trust at a time that is detrimental to the Trustee, the Settlor and the Beneficiary must compensate the Trustee for any damages; provided, however, that this does not apply if there was a compelling reason for the Trust to be terminated at that time.
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(特別の事情による信託の終了を命ずる裁判)
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(Judicial Decision Ordering Termination of Trust due to Special Circumstances)
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第百六十五条信託行為の当時予見することのできなかった特別の事情により、信託を終了することが信託の目的及び信託財産の状況その他の事情に照らして受益者の利益に適合するに至ったことが明らかであるときは、裁判所は、委託者、受託者又は受益者の申立てにより、信託の終了を命ずることができる。
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Article 165(1)When it has become clear that, due to the special circumstances that were unforeseeable at the time of the Terms of Trust, the termination of a Trust has come to be in the best interest of the Beneficiary in light of the purpose of the Trust, the status of the Trust Property, and any other relevant circumstances, the court may order the termination of the Trust upon petition of the Settlor, the Trustee, or the Beneficiary,.
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(公益の確保のための信託の終了を命ずる裁判)
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(Judicial Decision Ordering Termination of Trust to Ensure Public Interest)
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第百六十六条裁判所は、次に掲げる場合において、公益を確保するため信託の存立を許すことができないと認めるときは、法務大臣又は委託者、受益者、信託債権者その他の利害関係人の申立てにより、信託の終了を命ずることができる。
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Article 166(1)In the following cases, when the court finds the existence of a Trust to be impermissible from the perspective of ensuring the public interest, it may, upon petition of the Minister of Justice, a Settlor, a Beneficiary, a Trust Creditor, or any other interested party, order the termination of the Trust:
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一不法な目的に基づいて信託がされたとき。
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(i)if the Trust was created for an unlawful purpose; or
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二受託者が、法令若しくは信託行為で定めるその権限を逸脱し若しくは濫用する行為又は刑罰法令に触れる行為をした場合において、法務大臣から書面による警告を受けたにもかかわらず、なお継続的に又は反覆して当該行為をしたとき。
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(ii)where the Trustee has committed an act that goes beyond or abuses the Trustee's power as prescribed by laws and regulations or the Terms of Trust or has committed an act in violation of criminal laws and regulations, if the Trustee continuously or repeatedly commits said act despite having received a written warning from the Minister of Justice.
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(8)The provisions of Article 75, paragraph (5) and paragraph (7) and Article 76 to Article 80 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Act No. 109 of 1996) apply mutatis mutandis to the security to be provided upon the filing of the petition set forth in paragraph (1) pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (6).
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(官庁等の法務大臣に対する通知義務)
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(Duty of Government Agencies to Notify the Minister of Justice)
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第百六十七条裁判所その他の官庁、検察官又は吏員は、その職務上前条第一項の申立て又は同項第二号の警告をすべき事由があることを知ったときは、法務大臣にその旨を通知しなければならない。
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Article 167If a court or any other government agency, a public prosecutor, or an official comes to know in the course of performing their duties that there are grounds for filing the petition set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article or for giving the warning set forth in item (ii) of said paragraph, said entity or person must notify the Minister of Justice to that effect.
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(法務大臣の関与)
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(Participation by the Minister of Justice)
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第百六十八条裁判所は、第百六十六条第一項の申立てについての裁判をする場合には、法務大臣に対し、意見を求めなければならない。
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Article 168(1)Before the court makes a judicial decision on a petition set forth in Article 166, paragraph (1), it must seek the opinion of the Minister of Justice.
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(信託財産に関する保全処分)
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(Provisional Order on Trust Property)
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第百六十九条裁判所は、第百六十六条第一項の申立てがあった場合には、法務大臣若しくは委託者、受益者、信託債権者その他の利害関係人の申立てにより又は職権で、同項の申立てにつき決定があるまでの間、信託財産に関し、管理人による管理を命ずる処分(次条において「管理命令」という。)その他の必要な保全処分を命ずることができる。
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Article 169(1)When a petition set forth in Article 166, paragraph (1) has been filed, the court may, upon petition of the Minister of Justice, a Settlor, a Beneficiary, a Trust Creditor, or any other interested party or on its own authority, render a disposition ordering administration by an administrator (referred to as an "Administration Order" in the following Article) or may issue any other provisional order that is necessary with regard to the Trust Property, which is valid until a court decision is given to the petition set forth in said paragraph..
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(5)When the provisional order under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article (excluding an Administration Order) is issued against any registered right that belongs to the Trust Property, the court clerk must, on the clerk's own authority and without delay, commission a registration of said provisional order.
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(保全処分に関する費用の負担)
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(Burden of Expenses or Costs for Provisional Order)
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第百七十一条裁判所が第百六十九条第一項の規定による保全処分をした場合には、非訟事件の手続の費用は、受託者の負担とする。当該保全処分について必要な費用も、同様とする。
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Article 171(1)If the court has issued a provisional order under the provisions of Article 169, paragraph (1), the expenses for a procedure of a non-contentious case are borne by a Trustee. The same applies to any expenses necessary for said provisional order.
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(2)Where an immediate appeal is filed against the provisional order set forth in the preceding paragraph or a judicial decision to dismiss the petition set forth in Article 169, paragraph (1), if the court in charge of the appeal finds for said immediate appeal and revokes the judicial decision of prior instance, the court costs required for the proceedings in said instance of appeal, as well as the court costs required for the proceedings in the prior instance that had been borne by the appellant, are borne by the Trustee.
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(保全処分に関する資料の閲覧等)
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(Inspection of Materials Related to Provisional Order)
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第百七十二条利害関係人は、裁判所書記官に対し、第百七十条第三項の報告又は計算に関する資料の閲覧を請求することができる。
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Article 172(1)An interested party may make a request to the court clerk to inspect materials relating to the report or settlement of accounts set forth in Article 170, paragraph (3).
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(3)The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply with respect to materials set forth in paragraph (1) which have been prepared in the form of audiotapes or videotapes (including objects on which certain particulars are recorded by any means equivalent thereto).In this case, the court clerk must permit the reproduction of these objects at the request of the interested party.
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(5)The provisions of Article 91, paragraph (5) of the Code of Civil Procedure apply mutatis mutandis to the materials set forth in paragraph (1).
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(新受託者の選任)
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(Appointment of New Trustee)
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第百七十三条裁判所は、第百六十六条第一項の規定により信託の終了を命じた場合には、法務大臣若しくは委託者、受益者、信託債権者その他の利害関係人の申立てにより又は職権で、当該信託の清算のために新受託者を選任しなければならない。
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Article 173(1)If the court has ordered the termination of a Trust pursuant to the provisions of Article 166, paragraph (1), it must, upon petition of the Minister of Justice, a Settlor, a Beneficiary, a Trust Creditor, or any other interested party or on its own authority, appoint a New Trustee for the liquidation of the Trust.
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(終了した信託に係る吸収信託分割の制限)
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(Restriction on Absorption-Type Trust Split of Terminated Trust)
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第百七十四条信託が終了した場合には、当該信託を承継信託とする吸収信託分割は、することができない。
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Article 174If a Trust has terminated, it cannot effect an Absorption-Type Trust Split in which said Trust will be a Succeeding Trust.
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第二節 信託の清算
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Section 2 Liquidation of Trust
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(清算の開始原因)
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(Grounds for Commencement of Liquidation)
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第百七十五条信託は、当該信託が終了した場合(第百六十三条第五号に掲げる事由によって終了した場合及び信託財産についての破産手続開始の決定により終了した場合であって当該破産手続が終了していない場合を除く。)には、この節の定めるところにより、清算をしなければならない。
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Article 175A Trust must go into liquidation as provided for in this Section when the Trust has terminated (excluding cases where the Trust has terminated on the grounds set forth in Article 163, item (v) and cases where the Trust has terminated due to an order for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings against the Trust Property and said bankruptcy proceedings have not yet been closed).
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(信託の存続の擬制)
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(Constructive Existence of Trust)
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第百七十六条信託は、当該信託が終了した場合においても、清算が結了するまではなお存続するものとみなす。
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Article 176Even if a Trust has terminated, said Trust is deemed to continue to exist until the liquidation is completed.
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(清算受託者の職務)
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(Duties of Liquidation Trustee)
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第百七十七条信託が終了した時以後の受託者(以下「清算受託者」という。)は、次に掲げる職務を行う。
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Article 177A Trustee after the termination of a Trust (hereinafter referred to as the "Liquidation Trustee") performs the following duties:
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一現務の結了
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(i)conclusion of pending duties;
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二信託財産に属する債権の取立て及び信託債権に係る債務の弁済
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(ii)collection of claims which belongs to the Trust Property and performance of obligations pertaining to Trust claims;
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三受益債権(残余財産の給付を内容とするものを除く。)に係る債務の弁済
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(iii)performance of obligations pertaining to Distribution Claims as a Beneficiary (excluding those for the distribution of residual assets); and
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四残余財産の給付
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(iv)distribution of residual assets.
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(清算受託者の権限等)
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(Powers of Liquidation Trustee)
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第百七十八条清算受託者は、信託の清算のために必要な一切の行為をする権限を有する。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 178(1)A Liquidation Trustee has the power to conduct any and all acts necessary for the liquidation of a Trust; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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一受益者又は第百八十二条第一項第二号に規定する帰属権利者(以下この条において「受益者等」と総称する。)が信託財産に属する財産を受領することを拒み、又はこれを受領することができない場合において、相当の期間を定めてその受領の催告をしたとき。
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(i)if the Beneficiary or the holder of vested right as prescribed in Article 182, paragraph (1), item (ii) (hereinafter collectively referred to as a "Beneficiary, etc." in this Article) refused or is unable to receive property that comes under Trust Property, and the Liquidation Trustee has made a demand that said person receive said property within a reasonable period specified therein; or
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二受益者等の所在が不明である場合
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(ii)if the whereabouts of a Beneficiary, etc. are unknown.
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(清算中の信託財産についての破産手続の開始)
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(Commencement of Bankruptcy Proceedings against Trust Property in Liquidation)
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第百七十九条清算中の信託において、信託財産に属する財産がその債務を完済するのに足りないことが明らかになったときは、清算受託者は、直ちに信託財産についての破産手続開始の申立てをしなければならない。
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Article 179(1)When it becomes clear, with regard to a Trust in liquidation, that property that comes under Trust Property is insufficient for the payment of its obligations in full, a Liquidation Trustee must immediately file a petition for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings against the Trust Property.
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(2)Where an order for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings has been entered against the Trust Property, if the Liquidation Trustee has already made any payments to a creditor who holds a claim pertaining to an Obligation Covered by the Trust Property, the bankruptcy trustee may reclaim said payment.
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(条件付債権等に係る債務の弁済)
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(Performance of Obligations pertaining to Conditional Claims)
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第百八十条清算受託者は、条件付債権、存続期間が不確定な債権その他その額が不確定な債権に係る債務を弁済することができる。この場合においては、これらの債権を評価させるため、裁判所に対し、鑑定人の選任の申立てをしなければならない。
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Article 180(1)A Liquidation Trustee may perform obligations pertaining to conditional claims, claims with indefinite durations, or any other unliquidated claims.In this case, the Liquidation Trustee must file a petition with the court for the appointment of an appraiser in order to have these claims appraised.
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(債務の弁済前における残余財産の給付の制限)
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(Restriction on Distribution of Residual Assets prior to Performance of Obligations)
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第百八十一条清算受託者は、第百七十七条第二号及び第三号の債務を弁済した後でなければ、信託財産に属する財産を次条第二項に規定する残余財産受益者等に給付することができない。ただし、当該債務についてその弁済をするために必要と認められる財産を留保した場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 181A Liquidation Trustee is not allowed to distribute property that comes under Trust Property to a Beneficiary for residual assets, etc. prescribed in paragraph (2) of the following Article until after the Liquidation Trustee has performed the obligations set forth in Article 177, item (ii) and item (iii); provided, however, that this does not apply if the Liquidation Trustee has reserved assets that are considered to be necessary for performing said obligations.
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(残余財産の帰属)
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(Vesting of Residual Assets)
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第百八十二条残余財産は、次に掲げる者に帰属する。
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Article 182(1)Residual assets are vested in the following persons:
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一信託行為において残余財産の給付を内容とする受益債権に係る受益者(次項において「残余財産受益者」という。)となるべき者として指定された者
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(i)a person designated by the Terms of Trust as a person who is to be the Beneficiary in relation to Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary involving the distribution of residual assets (referred to as the "Beneficiary for Residual Assets" in the following paragraph); and
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二信託行為において残余財産の帰属すべき者(以下この節において「帰属権利者」という。)となるべき者として指定された者
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(ii)a person designated by the Terms of Trust as a person in whom residual assets must be vested (hereinafter referred to as the "Holder of Vested Right" in this Section).
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(2)If the Terms of Trust contain no provisions concerning the designation of a Beneficiary for Residual Assets or a Holder of Vested Right (hereinafter collectively referred to as a "Beneficiary, etc. for Residual Assets" in this paragraph) or where all persons designated by the provisions of the Terms of Trust as Beneficiaries, etc. for Residual Assets have waived their rights, it is deemed as having been provided by the Terms of Trust that the Settlor or Settlor's heir or other general successor is to be designated as the Holder of Vested Right.
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(帰属権利者)
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(Holder of Vested Right)
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第百八十三条信託行為の定めにより帰属権利者となるべき者として指定された者は、当然に残余財産の給付をすべき債務に係る債権を取得する。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 183(1)A person designated by the provisions of the Terms of Trust as the one who is to be a Holder of Vested Right acquires a claim pertaining to an obligation to distribute residual assets by operation of law; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(3)A person who has become a Holder of Vested Right pursuant to the provisions of the Terms of Trust may make a manifestation of intention to the Trustee to waive the said right; provided, however, that this does not apply if the person who has become the Holder of Vested Right pursuant to the provisions of the Terms of Trust is the party to the Terms of Trust.
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(4)When a person who has become the Holder of Vested Right as prescribed in the main clause of the preceding paragraph has made a manifestation of intention under the provisions of said paragraph, the person is deemed to have never held rights as the Holder of Vested Right; provided, however, that this may not harm the rights of a third party.
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(清算受託者の職務の終了等)
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(Completion of Duties of Liquidation Trustee)
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第百八十四条清算受託者は、その職務を終了したときは、遅滞なく、信託事務に関する最終の計算を行い、信託が終了した時における受益者(信託管理人が現に存する場合にあっては、信託管理人)及び帰属権利者(以下この条において「受益者等」と総称する。)のすべてに対し、その承認を求めなければならない。
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Article 184(1)When a Liquidation Trustee has completed the duties, the Liquidation Trustee must, without delay, settle the final accounts related to Trust affairs and request approval for the settlement of accounts from all of the Beneficiaries (if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, from the Trust administrator) and Holders of Vested Right as of the time of the termination of the Trust (hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Beneficiaries, etc." in this Article).
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(2)When the Beneficiaries, etc. has approved the settlement of accounts set forth in the preceding paragraph, the Liquidation Trustee is deemed to have been released from liability in relation to said Beneficiaries, etc.; provided, however, that this does not apply if there has been any misconduct in the Liquidation Trustee's performance of the duties.
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(3)If any of the Beneficiaries, etc. has stated no objections within one month from the time when the Beneficiaries, etc. was requested by the Liquidation Trustee to give approval for the settlement of accounts set forth in paragraph (1), said Beneficiaries, etc. are deemed to have approved of the settlement of accounts set forth in said paragraph.
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第八章 受益証券発行信託の特例
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Chapter VIII Special Rules for Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest
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第一節 総則
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Section 1 General Provisions
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(受益証券の発行に関する信託行為の定め)
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(Provisions of the Terms of Trust on Issuance of Certificate of Beneficial Interest)
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第百八十五条信託行為においては、この章の定めるところにより、一又は二以上の受益権を表示する証券(以下「受益証券」という。)を発行する旨を定めることができる。
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Article 185(1)The Terms of Trust may provide for a certificate indicating a single Beneficial Interest or two or more Beneficial Interests (hereinafter referred to as the "Certificate of Beneficial Interest") to be issued as provided for in this Chapter.
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(受益権原簿)
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(Beneficial Interest Register)
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第百八十六条受益証券発行信託の受託者は、遅滞なく、受益権原簿を作成し、これに次に掲げる事項(以下この章において「受益権原簿記載事項」という。)を記載し、又は記録しなければならない。
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Article 186A Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest must, without delay, prepare a Beneficial Interest register, and state or record therein the following particulars (hereinafter referred to as the "Particulars to be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register" in this Chapter):
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一各受益権に係る受益債権の内容その他の受益権の内容を特定するものとして法務省令で定める事項
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(i)the content of the Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary pertaining to each Beneficial Interest, and other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice as particulars that specify the content of the Beneficial Interest;
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二各受益権に係る受益証券の番号、発行の日、受益証券が記名式か又は無記名式かの別及び無記名式の受益証券の数
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(ii)the serial number of the Certificate of Beneficial Interest pertaining to each Beneficial Interest, the date of issue, whether each Certificate of Beneficial Interest is a registered certificate or a bearer certificate, and the number of bearer Certificates of Beneficial Interest;
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三各受益権に係る受益者(無記名受益権の受益者を除く。)の氏名又は名称及び住所
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(iii)the name and address of the Beneficiary pertaining to each Beneficial Interest (excluding Beneficiaries of bearer Beneficial Interest);
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四前号の受益者が各受益権を取得した日
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(iv)the day on which the Beneficiary set forth in the preceding item acquired each Beneficial Interest; and
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五前各号に掲げるもののほか、法務省令で定める事項
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(v)in addition to what is listed in the preceding items, the particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(受益権原簿記載事項を記載した書面の交付等)
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(Delivery of Documents Stating the Particulars to Be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register)
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第百八十七条第百八十五条第二項の定めのある受益権の受益者は、受益証券発行信託の受託者に対し、当該受益者についての受益権原簿に記載され、若しくは記録された受益権原簿記載事項を記載した書面の交付又は当該受益権原簿記載事項を記録した電磁的記録の提供を請求することができる。
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Article 187(1)A Beneficiary of a Beneficial Interest for which there are the provisions as set forth in Article 185, paragraph (2) may request that a Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest deliver to the Beneficiary a document stating the Particulars to be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register, which are stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register about said Beneficiary, or that said Trustee provide the Beneficiary with an electronic or magnetic record containing said Particulars to be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register.
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(4)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs if there are two or more Trustees for the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest, the phrase "Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest" in these provisions is deemed to be replaced with "all Trustees of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest."
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(受益権原簿管理人)
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(Beneficial Interest Register Administrator)
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第百八十八条受益証券発行信託の受託者は、受益権原簿管理人(受益証券発行信託の受託者に代わって受益権原簿の作成及び備置きその他の受益権原簿に関する事務を行う者をいう。以下同じ。)を定め、当該事務を行うことを委託することができる。
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Article 188A Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest may appoint a Beneficial Interest register administrator (meaning a person who prepares and keeps a Beneficial Interest register and executes other affairs concerning the Beneficial Interest register on behalf of the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest; the same applies hereinafter), and may delegate the administration of said affairs to the same.
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(基準日)
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(Record Date)
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第百八十九条受益証券発行信託の受託者は、一定の日(以下この条において「基準日」という。)を定めて、基準日において受益権原簿に記載され、又は記録されている受益者(以下この条において「基準日受益者」という。)をその権利を行使することができる者と定めることができる。
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Article 189(1)A Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest may specify a certain date (hereinafter referred to as the "Record Date" in this Article), and designate the Beneficiaries who have been stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register as of the Record Date (hereinafter referred to as the "Beneficiaries as of the Record Date" in this Article) as the persons who are entitled to exercise their rights.
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(4)When the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest has designated the Record Date, the Trustee must give public notice in the Official Gazette, no later than two weeks prior to said Record Date, with regard to said Record Date and the particulars specified pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph; provided, however, that this does not apply if the Terms of Trust contain provisions on the Record Date and the content of the rights that the Beneficiaries as of the Record Date are entitled to exercise.
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(受益権原簿の備置き及び閲覧等)
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(Keeping and Inspection of Beneficial Interest Register)
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第百九十条受益証券発行信託の受託者は、受益権原簿をその住所(当該受託者が法人である場合(受益権原簿管理人が現に存する場合を除く。)にあってはその主たる事務所、受益権原簿管理人が現に存する場合にあってはその営業所)に備え置かなければならない。
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Article 190(1)A Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest must keep a Beneficial Interest register at the Trustee's address (if the Trustee is a corporation (excluding cases where there is a Beneficial Interest register administrator at the time in question), its principal office; if there is a Beneficial Interest register administrator at the time in question, the administrator's business office).
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一受益権原簿が書面をもって作成されているときは、当該書面の閲覧又は謄写の請求
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(i)If the Beneficial Interest register has been prepared in the form of a document, a request to inspect or copy said document; and
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二受益権原簿が電磁的記録をもって作成されているときは、当該電磁的記録に記録された事項を法務省令で定める方法により表示したものの閲覧又は謄写の請求
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(ii)if the Beneficial Interest register has been prepared in the form of an electronic or magnetic record, a request to inspect or copy any object which shows the particulars recorded in the electronic or magnetic record by means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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一当該請求を行う者(以下この項において「請求者」という。)がその権利の確保又は行使に関する調査以外の目的で請求を行ったとき。
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(i)if the person making said request (hereinafter referred to as the "Requester" in this paragraph) has made the request for purposes other than an investigation related to the securement or exercise of Requester's rights;
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二請求者が不適当な時に請求を行ったとき。
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(ii)if the Requester has made the request at an inappropriate time;
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三請求者が信託事務の処理を妨げ、又は受益者の共同の利益を害する目的で請求を行ったとき。
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(iii)if the Requester has made the request for the purpose of disturbing the administration of Trust affairs or harming the common interests of the Beneficiaries;
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四請求者が当該信託に係る業務と実質的に競争関係にある事業を営み、又はこれに従事するものであるとき。
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(iv)if the Requester operates or engages in business which is effectively in competition with business pertaining to the Trust;
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五請求者が前項の規定による閲覧又は謄写によって知り得た事実を利益を得て第三者に通報するため請求を行ったとき。
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(v)if the Requester has made the request in order to inform a third party, for profit, of any fact that the Requester may learn by way of inspecting or copying documents or any other object under the provisions of the preceding paragraph; or
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六請求者が、過去二年以内において、前項の規定による閲覧又は謄写によって知り得た事実を利益を得て第三者に通報したことがあるものであるとき。
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(vi)if the Requester has informed a third party, for profit, of any fact that the Requester has learned by way of inspecting or copying documents or any other object under the provisions of the preceding paragraph within the past two years.
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(4)Where any of the requests set forth in paragraph (2) is made with regard to the particulars listed in Article 186, item (iii) or item (iv) (limited to the particulars concerning a Beneficial Interest not subject to the provisions set forth in Article 185, paragraph (2)), if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(受益者に対する通知等)
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(Notices Given to Beneficiaries)
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第百九十一条受益証券発行信託の受託者が受益者に対してする通知又は催告は、受益権原簿に記載し、又は記録した当該受益者の住所(当該受益者が別に通知又は催告を受ける場所又は連絡先を当該受託者に通知した場合にあっては、その場所又は連絡先)にあてて発すれば足りる。
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Article 191(1)It is sufficient for a Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest to send any notice that the Trustee gives to a Beneficiary or demand that the Trustee makes to a Beneficiary, to the Beneficiary's address as stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register (if a Beneficiary has notified the Trustee of a different place or a contact address for receiving notices or demands, to said place or contact address).
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(3)If the Beneficial Interest in the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest is co-owned by two or more persons, the co-owners must designate one person who is to receive any notice or demand sent by the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest to the Beneficiaries, and must notify the Trustee of that person's name.In this case, said person is deemed to be a Beneficiary and the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs apply thereto.
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(4)If there has been no notification from the co-owners under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, it is sufficient for the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest to send any notice that the Trustee is to give to the co-owners of the Beneficial Interest or any demand that the Trustee is to make to the co-owners of the Beneficial Interest, to any one of them.
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(5)When the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest is required to give notice to the Beneficiaries of bearer Beneficial Interest under the provisions of this Act, it is sufficient for the Trustee to send notices only to such Beneficiaries whose names and addresses are known to the Trustee.In this case, the Trustee must give public notice in the Official Gazette of the particulars of which to notify them.
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(無記名受益権の受益者による権利の行使)
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(Exercise of Rights by Beneficiaries with Bearer Beneficial Interest)
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第百九十二条無記名受益権の受益者は、受益証券発行信託の受託者その他の者に対しその権利を行使しようとするときは、その受益証券を当該受託者その他の者に提示しなければならない。
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Article 192(1)When a Beneficiary with bearer Beneficial Interest wishes to exercise the right against a Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest or any other person, the Beneficiary must present the Certificate of Beneficial Interest to the Trustee or said other person.
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(2)When the Beneficiary with bearer Beneficial Interest wishes to exercise the voting right at a Beneficiaries meeting, the Beneficiary must present the Certificate of Beneficial Interest to the convener prescribed in Article 108 no later than one week prior to the date of the Beneficiaries meeting.
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(共有者による権利の行使)
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(Exercise of Right by Co-owners)
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第百九十三条受益証券発行信託の受益権が二人以上の者の共有に属するときは、共有者は、当該受益権についての権利を行使する者一人を定め、受益証券発行信託の受託者に対し、その者の氏名又は名称を通知しなければ、当該受益権についての権利を行使することができない。ただし、当該受託者が当該権利を行使することに同意した場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 193If a Beneficial Interest in a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest is co-owned by two or more persons, the co-owners are not allowed to exercise the rights of their Beneficial Interest unless they designate one person who is to exercise the rights of said Beneficial Interest and notify the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest of that person's name; provided, however, that this does not apply if the Trustee has consented to the exercise of said rights.
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第二節 受益権の譲渡等の特例
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Section 2 Special Rules for Assignment of Beneficial Interest
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(受益証券の発行された受益権の譲渡)
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(Assignment of Beneficial Interest for Which Certificate of Beneficial Interest Has Been Issued)
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第百九十四条受益証券発行信託の受益権(第百八十五条第二項の定めのある受益権を除く。)の譲渡は、当該受益権に係る受益証券を交付しなければ、その効力を生じない。
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Article 194Assignment of a Beneficial Interest in a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest (excluding a Beneficial Interest subject to the provisions set forth in Article 185, paragraph (2)) is not valid unless the Certificate of Beneficial Interest pertaining to said assigned Beneficial Interest is delivered.
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(受益証券発行信託における受益権の譲渡の対抗要件)
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(Requirements for Perfection of Assignment of Beneficial Interest in Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest)
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第百九十五条受益証券発行信託の受益権の譲渡は、その受益権を取得した者の氏名又は名称及び住所を受益権原簿に記載し、又は記録しなければ、受益証券発行信託の受託者に対抗することができない。
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Article 195(1)Assignment of a Beneficial Interest in a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest may not be duly asserted against the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest unless the name and address of the person who has acquired the Beneficial Interest has been stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register.
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(権利の推定等)
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(Presumption of Rights)
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第百九十六条受益証券の占有者は、当該受益証券に係る受益権を適法に有するものと推定する。
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Article 196(1)A possessor of a Certificate of Beneficial Interest is presumed to be the lawful owner of the Beneficial Interest pertaining to said Certificate of Beneficial Interest.
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(受益者の請求によらない受益権原簿記載事項の記載又は記録)
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(Stating or Recording Particulars to Be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register without Request of Beneficiary)
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第百九十七条受益証券発行信託の受託者は、次の各号に掲げる場合には、法務省令で定めるところにより、当該各号の受益権の受益者に係る受益権原簿記載事項を受益権原簿に記載し、又は記録しなければならない。
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Article 197(1)In the cases listed in the following items, a Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest must, as provided for by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, state or record in the Beneficial Interest register the Particulars to be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register which pertain to the Beneficiary of the Beneficial Interest specified in the respective items:
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一受益証券発行信託の受益権を取得した場合において、当該受益権が消滅しなかったとき。
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(i)if the Beneficiary has acquired the Beneficial Interest in the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest and said Beneficial Interest has not been extinguished; or
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二前号の受益証券発行信託の受益権を処分したとき。
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(ii)if the Beneficiary has disposed of the Beneficial Interest in the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest set forth in the preceding item.
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(2)The Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest must, if the consolidation of Beneficial Interests is effected by making a modification to the Trust, state or record in the Beneficial Interest register the Particulars to be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register which pertain to the Beneficiary of said Beneficial Interests.
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(3)The Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest must, if the splitting of a Beneficial Interest is effected by making a modification to the Trust, state or record in the Beneficial Interest register the Particulars to be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register which pertain to the Beneficiary of said Beneficial Interest.
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(受益者の請求による受益権原簿記載事項の記載又は記録)
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(Stating or Recording Particulars to Be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register at Beneficiary's Request)
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第百九十八条受益証券発行信託の受益権を受益証券発行信託の受託者以外の者から取得した者(当該受託者を除く。)は、受益証券発行信託の受託者に対し、当該受益権に係る受益権原簿記載事項を受益権原簿に記載し、又は記録することを請求することができる。
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Article 198(1)A person (excluding a Trustee) who has acquired a Beneficial Interest in a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest from a person other than the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest may request that the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest state or record in the Beneficial Interest register the Particulars to be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register which pertain to said Beneficial Interest.
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(2)The request under the provisions of the preceding paragraph is made jointly with the person who is stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register as the Beneficiary of the Beneficial Interest thus acquired or the person's heir or any other general successor, except in cases specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice where there is no risk of harm to the interest of any interested party.
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(受益証券の発行された受益権の質入れ)
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(Pledge of Beneficial Interest for Which a Certificate of Beneficial Interest Has Been Issued)
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第百九十九条受益証券発行信託の受益権(第百八十五条第二項の定めのある受益権を除く。)の質入れは、当該受益権に係る受益証券を交付しなければ、その効力を生じない。
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Article 199A pledge of a Beneficial Interest for a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest (excluding a Beneficial Interest subject to the provisions set forth in Article 185, paragraph (2)) is not valid unless the Certificate of Beneficial Interest pertaining to said pledged Beneficial Interest is delivered.
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(受益証券発行信託における受益権の質入れの対抗要件)
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(Requirements for Perfection of Pledge of Beneficial Interest in Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest)
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第二百条受益証券発行信託の受益権(第百八十五条第二項の定めのある受益権を除く。)の質権者は、継続して当該受益権に係る受益証券を占有しなければ、その質権をもって受益証券発行信託の受託者その他の第三者に対抗することができない。
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Article 200(1)A pledgee of a Beneficial Interest in a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest (excluding a Beneficial Interest subject to the provisions set forth in Article 185, paragraph (2)) may not duly assert the right of pledge against the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest or against any other third party unless the pledgee continues to possess the Certificate of Beneficial Interest pertaining to said pledged Beneficial Interest.
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(2)Pledge of a Beneficial Interest subject to the provisions set forth in Article 185, paragraph (2) may not be duly asserted against the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest or against any other third party unless the name and address of the pledgee has been stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register.
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(質権に関する受益権原簿の記載等)
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(Stating Particulars Related to Pledge in the Beneficial Interest Register)
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第二百一条受益証券発行信託の受益権に質権を設定した者は、受益証券発行信託の受託者に対し、次に掲げる事項を受益権原簿に記載し、又は記録することを請求することができる。
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Article 201(1)A person who has created a pledge on a Beneficial Interest for a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest may request a Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest to state or record the following particulars in the Beneficial Interest register:
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一質権者の氏名又は名称及び住所
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(i)the name and address of the pledgee; and
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二質権の目的である受益権
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(ii)the Beneficial Interest that is subject to the pledge.
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(質権に関する受益権原簿の記載事項を記載した書面の交付等)
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(Delivery of Document Stating Particulars Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register Which Relate to Pledge)
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第二百二条前条第一項各号に掲げる事項が受益権原簿に記載され、又は記録された質権者(以下この節において「登録受益権質権者」という。)は、受益証券発行信託の受託者に対し、当該登録受益権質権者についての受益権原簿に記載され、若しくは記録された同項各号に掲げる事項を記載した書面の交付又は当該事項を記録した電磁的記録の提供を請求することができる。
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Article 202(1)A pledgee for whom the particulars listed in the items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article have been stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register (hereinafter referred to as the "Registered Pledgee of a Beneficial Interest" in this Section) may request that a Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest deliver a document to the Registered Pledge of a Beneficial Interest, stating the particulars listed in the respective items of said paragraph, which are stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register of said Registered Pledgee of a Beneficial Interest, or may request that the Trustee provide the Registered Pledgee of a Beneficial Interest with an electronic or magnetic record containing said particulars.
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(2)The Trustee (in the case of the Trustee who is a corporation, its representative; the same applies in the following paragraph) of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest must sign or affix Trustee's (or the representative's) name and seal to the document set forth in the preceding paragraph.
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(4)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs if there are two or more Trustees for the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest, the phrase "Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest" in these provisions is deemed to be replaced with "all Trustees of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest."
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(登録受益権質権者に対する通知等)
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(Notice Given to Registered Pledgee of a Beneficial Interest)
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第二百三条受益証券発行信託の受託者が登録受益権質権者に対してする通知又は催告は、受益権原簿に記載し、又は記録した当該登録受益権質権者の住所(当該登録受益権質権者が別に通知又は催告を受ける場所又は連絡先を当該受託者に通知した場合にあっては、その場所又は連絡先)にあてて発すれば足りる。
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Article 203(1)It is sufficient for a Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest to send any notice that the Trustee gives to a Registered Pledgee of a Beneficial Interest or demand that the Trustee makes to a Registered Pledgee of a Beneficial Interest, to the address of the Registered Pledgee of a Beneficial Interest that is stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register (if the Registered Pledgee of a Beneficial Interest has notified the Trustee of a different place or contact address for receiving notices or demands, to such place or contact address).
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(受益権の併合又は分割に係る受益権原簿の記載等)
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(Stating Particulars in the Beneficial Interest Register Concerning Consolidation or Split of Beneficial Interest)
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第二百四条受益証券発行信託の受託者は、信託の変更によって受益権の併合がされた場合において、当該受益権を目的とする質権の質権者が登録受益権質権者であるときは、併合された受益権について、その質権者の氏名又は名称及び住所を受益権原簿に記載し、又は記録しなければならない。
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Article 204(1)A Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest must, if the consolidation of Beneficial Interests is effected by making a modification to the Trust and if the pledgee of the pledge on any of said Beneficial Interests is the Registered Pledgee of a Beneficial Interest, state or record in the Beneficial Interest register the name and address of said pledgee with regard to said consolidated Beneficial Interest.
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(2)The Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest must, if the splitting of a Beneficial Interest is effected by making a modification to the Trust and if the pledgee of the pledge on said Beneficial Interest is the Registered Pledgee of a Beneficial Interest, state or record in the Beneficial Interest register the name and address of said pledgee with regard to said split Beneficial Interest.
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(受益証券の発行されない受益権についての対抗要件等)
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(Requirements for Perfection Regarding Beneficial Interest for Which No Certificate of Beneficial Interest Has Been Issued)
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第二百六条第百八十五条第二項の定めのある受益権で他の信託の信託財産に属するものについては、当該受益権が信託財産に属する旨を受益権原簿に記載し、又は記録しなければ、当該受益権が信託財産に属することを受益証券発行信託の受託者その他の第三者に対抗することができない。
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Article 206(1)With regard to a Beneficial Interest that is subject to the provisions set forth in Article 185, paragraph (2) which belongs to the Trust Property of another Trust, the fact that said Beneficial Interest belongs to the Trust Property of said other Trust may not be duly asserted against a Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest or against any other third party unless the fact that said Beneficial Interest belongs to the Trust Property of the other Trust is stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register.
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(2)The Trustee of the other Trust to which the Beneficial Interest set forth in the preceding paragraph belongs may request that the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest state or record in the Beneficial Interest register the fact that said Beneficial Interest belongs to the Trust Property of the other Trust.
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(3)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of Article 187 when the relevant facts have been stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, in paragraph (1) of said Article, the phrase "a Beneficiary of a Beneficial Interest for which there are provisions as set forth in Article 185, paragraph (2)" is deemed to be replaced with "the Trustee of another Trust to which a Beneficial Interest set forth in Article 206, paragraph (1) belongs," the term "said Beneficiary" is deemed to be replaced with "said Beneficial Interest," and the phrase "the Particulars to be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register, which are stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register about said Beneficiary" is deemed to be replaced with "the Particulars to be Stated in the Beneficial Interest Register, which are stated or recorded in the Beneficial Interest register about said Beneficiary (including the fact that said Beneficial Interest belongs to the Trust Property of the other Trust)."
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第三節 受益証券
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Section 3 Certificate of Beneficial Interest
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(受益証券の発行)
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(Issuance of Certificate of Beneficial Interest)
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第二百七条受益証券発行信託の受託者は、信託行為の定めに従い、遅滞なく、当該受益権に係る受益証券を発行しなければならない。
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Article 207A Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest must, as provided for by the Terms of Trust, issue Certificates of Beneficial Interest pertaining to the Beneficial Interests concerned without delay.
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(受益証券不所持の申出)
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(Notification of Desire Not to Possess Certificate of Beneficial Interest)
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第二百八条受益証券発行信託の受益者は、受益証券発行信託の受託者に対し、当該受益者の有する受益権に係る受益証券の所持を希望しない旨を申し出ることができる。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 208(1)A Beneficiary of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest may notify a Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest to the effect that said Beneficiary does not desire to possess a Certificate of Beneficial Interest pertaining to the Beneficial Interest that said Beneficiary holds; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(2)In notifying the Trustee under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Beneficiary must specify the content of the Beneficial Interest to which the notification pertains.In this case, if the Certificate of Beneficial Interest pertaining to said Beneficial Interest has already been issued, the Beneficiary must return said Certificate of Beneficial Interest to the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest.
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(3)The Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest who has received notification under the provisions of paragraph (1) must, without delay, state or record in the Beneficial Interest register a statement to the effect that the Trustee will not issue the Certificate of Beneficial Interest pertaining to the Beneficial Interest set forth in the first sentence of the preceding paragraph.
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(4)When the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest has stated or recorded the relevant statements under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Trustee is not allowed to issue the Certificate of Beneficial Interest pertaining to the Beneficial Interest set forth in the first sentence of paragraph (2).
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(6)The Beneficiary who has notified the Trustee under the provisions of paragraph (1) may at any time demand that the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest issue a Certificate of Beneficial Interest pertaining to the Beneficial Interest set forth in the first sentence of paragraph (2).In this case, if any Certificate of Beneficial Interest was returned under the provisions of the second sentence of said paragraph, the expenses for issuing a Certificate of Beneficial Interest are borne by said Beneficiary.
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(受益証券の記載事項)
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(Particulars to Be Stated on Certificate of Beneficial Interest)
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第二百九条受益証券には、次に掲げる事項及びその番号を記載し、受益証券発行信託の受託者(法人である受託者にあっては、その代表者)がこれに署名し、又は記名押印しなければならない。
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Article 209(1)The serial number and the following particulars must be stated on a Certificate of Beneficial Interest, and a Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest (in the case of a Trustee who is a corporation, its representative) must sign or affix the Trustee's (or the representative's) name and seal to it:
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一受益証券発行信託の受益証券である旨
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(i)a statement to the effect that the Certificate of Beneficial Interest is a Certificate of Beneficial Interest of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest;
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二当初の委託者及び受益証券発行信託の受託者の氏名又は名称及び住所
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(ii)the names and addresses of the initial Settlor and the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest;
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三記名式の受益証券にあっては、受益者の氏名又は名称
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(iii)if the Certificate of Beneficial Interest is a registered certificate, the name of the Beneficiary;
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四各受益権に係る受益債権の内容その他の受益権の内容を特定するものとして法務省令で定める事項
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(iv)the content of the Distribution Claim as a Beneficiary pertaining to each Beneficial Interest, and other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice as particulars that specify the content of the Beneficial Interest;
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五受益証券発行信託の受託者に対する費用等の償還及び損害の賠償に関する信託行為の定め
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(v)any provisions of the Terms of Trust concerning reimbursement of Expenses, etc. and compensation for damages to the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest;
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六信託報酬の計算方法並びにその支払の方法及び時期
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(vi)the means of calculation for Trust fees, and the means and time of payment of said fees;
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七記名式の受益証券をもって表示される受益権について譲渡の制限があるときは、その旨及びその内容
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(vii)if there are restrictions on the assignment of the Beneficial Interest indicated by the registered Certificate of Beneficial Interest, a statement to that effect and the content of said restrictions;
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八受益者の権利の行使に関する信託行為の定め(信託監督人及び受益者代理人に係る事項を含む。)
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(viii)any provisions of the Terms of Trust concerning the exercise of rights by the Beneficiary (including particulars concerning a Trust supervisor and a Beneficiary's agent); and
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九その他法務省令で定める事項
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(ix)other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(2)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of the preceding paragraph if there are two or more Trustees for the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest, the phrase "a Trustee of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest " in these provisions is deemed to be replaced with "all Trustees of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest."
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(記名式と無記名式との間の転換)
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(Conversion of Registered Certificate and Bearer Certificate)
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第二百十条受益証券が発行されている受益権の受益者は、いつでも、その記名式の受益証券を無記名式とし、又はその無記名式の受益証券を記名式とすることを請求することができる。ただし、信託行為に別段の定めがあるときは、その定めるところによる。
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Article 210A Beneficiary of a Beneficial Interest for which a Certificate of Beneficial Interest has been issued, may at any time demand that the said Beneficiary's registered Certificate of Beneficial Interest be converted into a bearer certificate, or that the said Beneficiary's bearer Certificate of Beneficial Interest be converted into a registered certificate; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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(受益証券の喪失)
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(Loss of Certificate of Beneficial Interest)
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第二百十一条受益証券は、非訟事件手続法(平成二十三年法律第五十一号)第百条に規定する公示催告手続によって無効とすることができる。
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Article 211(1)A Certificate of Beneficial Interest may be invalidated through the public notification procedure prescribed in Article 100 of the Non-Contentious Cases Procedures Act (Act No. 51 of 2011).
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3受益証券を喪失した者が非訟事件手続法第百十四条に規定する公示催告の申立てをしたときは、当該受益証券を喪失した者は、相当の担保を供して、受益証券発行信託の受託者に当該受益証券に係る債務を履行させることができる。
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(3)When a person who has lost the Certificate of Beneficial Interest has filed a petition for public notification as prescribed in Article 114 of the Non-Contentious Cases Procedures Act, said person who has lost the Certificate of Beneficial Interest may provide reasonable deposit and have the Trustee of the Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest perform the obligations pertaining to the Certificate of Beneficial Interest.
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第四節 関係当事者の権利義務等の特例
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Section 4 Special Rules for Rights and Duties of Relevant Parties
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(受益証券発行信託の受託者の義務の特例)
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(Special Rules for Duties of Trustee of Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest)
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第二百十二条受益証券発行信託においては、第二十九条第二項ただし書の規定にかかわらず、信託行為の定めにより同項本文の義務を軽減することはできない。
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Article 212(1)In the case of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest, notwithstanding the provisions of the proviso to Article 29, paragraph (2), no provision of the Terms of Trust may mitigate the duty set forth in the main clause of said paragraph.
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(受益者の権利行使の制限に関する信託行為の定めの特例)
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(Special Rules for the Terms of Trust Providing for Restrictions on Exercise of Rights by Beneficiary)
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第二百十三条受益証券発行信託においては、第九十二条第一号、第五号、第六号及び第八号の規定にかかわらず、次に掲げる権利の全部又は一部について、総受益者の議決権の百分の三(これを下回る割合を信託行為において定めた場合にあっては、その割合。以下この項において同じ。)以上の割合の受益権を有する受益者又は現に存する受益権の総数の百分の三以上の数の受益権を有する受益者に限り当該権利を行使することができる旨の信託行為の定めを設けることができる。
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Article 213(1)In the case of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 92, item (i), item (v), item (vi), and item (viii), provisions may be established in the Terms of Trust to the effect that, with regard to all or part of the following rights, said rights may be exercised only by a Beneficiary who holds a Beneficial Interest which represents not less than three-hundredths of the voting rights of all Beneficiaries (or any smaller proportion provided for by the Terms of Trust; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph) or a Beneficiary who holds Beneficial Interest which represents not less than three-hundredths of the total number of existing Beneficial Interests:
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一第二十七条第一項又は第二項(これらの規定を第七十五条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定による取消権
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(i)the right to rescind under the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) (including cases where these provisions are applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 75, paragraph (4));
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二第三十一条第六項又は第七項の規定による取消権
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(ii)the right to rescind under the provisions of Article 31, paragraph (6) or paragraph (7);
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三第三十八条第一項の規定による閲覧又は謄写の請求権
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(iii)the right to request to inspect or copy materials under the provisions of Article 38, paragraph (1); and
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四第四十六条第一項の規定による検査役の選任の申立権
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(iv)the right to file a petition for the appointment of an inspector under the provisions of Article 46, paragraph (1).
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(2)In the case of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 92, item (i), provisions may be established in the Terms of Trust to the effect that, with regard to all or part of the following rights, said rights may be exercised only by a Beneficiary who holds a Beneficial Interest which represents not less than one-tenth of the voting rights of all Beneficiaries (or any smaller proportion provided for by the Terms of Trust; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph) or a Beneficiary who holds a Beneficial Interest which represents not less than one-tenth of the total number of existing Beneficial Interests:
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一第百五十条第一項の規定による信託の変更を命ずる裁判の申立権
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(i)the right to file a petition for a judicial decision to order the modification of the Trust under the provisions of Article 150, paragraph (1); and
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二第百六十五条第一項の規定による信託の終了を命ずる裁判の申立権
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(ii)the right to file a petition for a judicial decision to order the termination of the Trust under the provisions of Article 165, paragraph (1).
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(4)In the case of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 92, item (xi), provisions may be established in the Terms of Trust to the effect that the right to demand a cessation under the provisions of Article 44, paragraph (1) may be exercised only by a Beneficiary who has continually held a Beneficial Interest during the preceding six months (or any shorter period provided for by the Terms of Trust).
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(二人以上の受益者による意思決定の方法の特例)
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(Special Rules for Decision-Making Means Involving Two or More Beneficiaries)
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第二百十四条受益者が二人以上ある受益証券発行信託においては、信託行為に別段の定めがない限り、信託行為に受益者の意思決定(第九十二条各号に掲げる権利の行使に係るものを除く。)は第四章第三節第二款の定めるところによる受益者集会における多数決による旨の定めがあるものとみなす。
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Article 214In the case of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest that has two or more Beneficiaries, unless otherwise provided for by the Terms of Trust, it is deemed as having been provided for by the Terms of Trust that a Beneficiaries' decision (excluding a decision on the exercise of the rights listed in the items of Article 92) is made by a majority vote at a Beneficiaries meeting pursuant to the provisions of Chapter IV, Section 3, Subsection 2.
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(委託者の権利の特例)
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(Special Rules for Settlor's Right)
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第二百十五条受益証券発行信託においては、この法律の規定による委託者の権利のうち次に掲げる権利は、受益者がこれを行使する。
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Article 215In the case of a Trust with Certificates of Beneficial Interest, among the rights granted to a Settlor under the provisions of this Act, the following rights are exercised by a Beneficiary:
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一第三十六条の規定による報告を求める権利
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(i)the right to request a report under the provisions of Article 36;
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二第五十八条第四項(第百三十四条第二項及び第百四十一条第二項において準用する場合を含む。)、第六十二条第四項(第百三十五条第一項及び第百四十二条第一項において準用する場合を含む。)、第六十三条第一項、第七十四条第二項、第百三十一条第四項、第百五十条第一項、第百六十五条第一項、第百六十六条第一項、第百六十九条第一項又は第百七十三条第一項の規定による申立権
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(ii)the right to file a petition under the provisions of Article 58, paragraph (4) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 134, paragraph (2), and Article 141, paragraph (2)), Article 62, paragraph (4) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 135, paragraph (1) and Article 142, paragraph (1)), Article 63, paragraph (1), Article 74, paragraph (2), Article 131, paragraph (4), Article 150, paragraph (1), Article 165, paragraph (1), Article 166, paragraph (1), Article 169, paragraph (1), or Article 173, paragraph (1);
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三第六十二条第二項、第百三十一条第二項又は第百三十八条第二項の規定による催告権
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(iii)the right to call for a definite answer under the provisions of Article 62, paragraph (2), Article 131, paragraph (2), or Article 138, paragraph (2);
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四第百七十二条第一項、第二項又は第三項後段の規定による閲覧、謄写若しくは交付又は複製の請求権
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(iv)the right to request to inspect, copy, be delivered, or have reproduced materials under the provisions of Article 172, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) or the second sentence of paragraph (3) of said Article; and
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五第百九十条第二項の規定による閲覧又は謄写の請求権
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(v)the right to request to inspect or copy materials under the provisions of Article 190, paragraph (2).
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第九章 限定責任信託の特例
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Chapter IX Special Rules for Limited Liability Trust
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第一節 総則
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Section 1 General Provisions
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(限定責任信託の要件)
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(Requirements for Limited Liability Trust)
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第二百十六条限定責任信託は、信託行為においてそのすべての信託財産責任負担債務について受託者が信託財産に属する財産のみをもってその履行の責任を負う旨の定めをし、第二百三十二条の定めるところにより登記をすることによって、限定責任信託としての効力を生ずる。
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Article 216(1)A Limited Liability Trust comes into effect as a Limited Liability Trust when it is provided by the Terms of Trust that the Trustee is liable to perform all Obligations Covered by the Trust Property only by using property that comes under Trust Property, and when a registration of said provisions is made as provided for in Article 232.
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一限定責任信託の目的
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(i)the purpose of the Limited Liability Trust;
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二限定責任信託の名称
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(ii)the name of the Limited Liability Trust;
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三委託者及び受託者の氏名又は名称及び住所
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(iii)the names and addresses of the Settlor(s) and the Trustee(s);
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四限定責任信託の主たる信託事務の処理を行うべき場所(第三節において「事務処理地」という。)
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(iv)the place where the principal Trust affairs for the Limited Liability Trust are to be administered (referred to as the "place of administration of affairs" in Section 3);
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五信託財産に属する財産の管理又は処分の方法
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(v)the means of administration or disposition of property that comes under Trust Property; and
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六その他法務省令で定める事項
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(vi)other particulars specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(固有財産に属する財産に対する強制執行等の制限)
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(Restrictions on Compulsory Execution against Property That Comes under Trustee's Own Property)
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第二百十七条限定責任信託においては、信託財産責任負担債務(第二十一条第一項第八号に掲げる権利に係る債務を除く。)に係る債権に基づいて固有財産に属する財産に対し強制執行、仮差押え、仮処分若しくは担保権の実行若しくは競売又は国税滞納処分をすることはできない。
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Article 217(1)In the case of a Limited Liability Trust, compulsory execution, provisional seizure, provisional disposition, exercise of a security interest, auction, or proceedings for collection of delinquent national taxes may not be carried out against property that comes under Trustee's Own Property, based on a claim pertaining to any Obligation Covered by the Trust Property (excluding obligations pertaining to the right set forth in Article 21, paragraph (1), item (viii)).
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(2)The Trustee may assert an objection to compulsory execution, provisional seizure, provisional disposition, exercise of a security interest, or an auction that was carried out in violation of the provisions of the preceding paragraph.In this case, the provisions of Article 38 of the Civil Execution Act and the provisions of Article 45 of the Civil Preservation Act apply mutatis mutandis.
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(3)The Trustee may assert an objection to proceedings for collection of delinquent national taxes that were carried out in violation of the provision of paragraph (1).In this case, the assertion of the objection is to be made by entering an appeal against the proceedings for collection of delinquent national taxes.
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(限定責任信託の名称等)
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(Name of Limited Liability Trust)
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第二百十八条限定責任信託には、その名称中に限定責任信託という文字を用いなければならない。
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Article 218(1)In the name of a Limited Liability Trust, the characters representing the term "Limited Liability Trust" must be used.
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(4)Any Trustee of a Limited Liability Trust whose business interests have been, or are likely to be, infringed by the use of any name or trade name in violation of the provisions of the preceding paragraph may seek an injunction to suspend or prevent the infringement against the person who has or is likely to infringe those business interests.
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(取引の相手方に対する明示義務)
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(Duty of Clear Indication to Counterparty)
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第二百十九条受託者は、限定責任信託の受託者として取引をするに当たっては、その旨を取引の相手方に示さなければ、これを当該取引の相手方に対し主張することができない。
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Article 219A Trustee may not, in conducting a transaction as the Trustee of a Limited Liability Trust, duly assert against the other party to the transaction as such unless the Trustee has clearly indicated to that effect to the other party.
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(登記の効力)
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(Effect of Registration)
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第二百二十条この章の規定により登記すべき事項は、登記の後でなければ、これをもって善意の第三者に対抗することができない。登記の後であっても、第三者が正当な事由によってその登記があることを知らなかったときは、同様とする。
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Article 220(1)The particulars to be registered pursuant to the provisions of this Chapter may not be duly asserted against a third party who has no knowledge of said particulars until after the registration. The same applies after the registration if a third party did not know that said particulars were registered, based on justifiable grounds.
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(限定責任信託の定めを廃止する旨の信託の変更)
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(Modification of Trust to Abolish Provisions on Limited Liability Trust Status)
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第二百二十一条第二百十六条第一項の定めを廃止する旨の信託の変更がされ、第二百三十五条の終了の登記がされたときは、その変更後の信託については、この章の規定は、適用しない。
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Article 221If a modification is made to a Trust to abolish the provision set forth in Article 216, paragraph (1) and a registration of termination set forth in Article 235 is made, the provisions of this Chapter do not apply to the Trust after the modification.
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第二節 計算等の特例
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Section 2 Special Rules for Accounting
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(帳簿等の作成等、報告及び保存の義務等の特例)
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(Special Rules for Duty to Prepare, Report on, and Retain Books)
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第二百二十二条限定責任信託における帳簿その他の書類又は電磁的記録の作成、内容の報告及び保存並びに閲覧及び謄写については、第三十七条及び第三十八条の規定にかかわらず、次項から第九項までに定めるところによる。
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Article 222(1)Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 37 and Article 38, the preparation of books and other documents or electronic or magnetic records pertaining to a Limited Liability Trust, reporting on their content, and preservation of these materials, as well as the inspection and copying of the same are governed by the provisions of the following paragraph to paragraph (9).
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(4)Once each year at a certain time as provided for by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, the Trustee must prepare, in accordance with the provisions of Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, a balance sheet and profit and loss statement for the Limited Liability Trust as well as annexed detailed statements of these and other documents specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice or electronic or magnetic records of these documents.
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(5)When the Trustee has prepared the documents or electronic or magnetic records set forth in the preceding paragraph, the Trustee must report to the Beneficiary (if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, to the Trust administrator) on the content thereof; provided, however, that if the Terms of Trust otherwise provide for, such provisions prevail.
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6受託者は、第二項の会計帳簿を作成した場合には、その作成の日から十年間(当該期間内に信託の清算の結了があったときは、その日までの間。次項において同じ。)、当該会計帳簿(書面に代えて電磁的記録を法務省令で定める方法により作成した場合にあっては当該電磁的記録、電磁的記録に代えて書面を作成した場合にあっては当該書面)を保存しなければならない。ただし、受益者(二人以上の受益者が現に存する場合にあってはそのすべての受益者、信託管理人が現に存する場合にあっては信託管理人。第八項において同じ。)に対し、当該書類若しくはその写しを交付し、又は当該電磁的記録に記録された事項を法務省令で定める方法により提供したときは、この限りでない。
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(6)When the Trustee has prepared the accounting books set forth in paragraph (2), the Trustee must retain said books (if electronic or magnetic records have been prepared in lieu of documents by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, said electronic or magnetic records; if documents have been prepared in lieu of electronic or magnetic records, said documents) for ten years from the date of their preparation (or until the date of the completion of the liquidation of the Trust if this occurs within said ten-year period; the same applies in the following paragraph); provided, however, that this does not apply if the Trustee has delivered said documents or copies thereof to the Beneficiary (if there are two or more Beneficiaries at the time in question, to all Beneficiaries; if there is a Trust administrator at the time in question, to the Trust administrator; the same applies in paragraph (8)), or has provided the Beneficiary with information on the particulars recorded in said electronic or magnetic records by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(7)When the Trustee has prepared or acquired a written contract pertaining to the disposition of property that comes under Trust Property or any other documents or electronic or magnetic records concerning the administration of Trust affairs, the Trustee must retain said documents or electronic or magnetic records (if electronic or magnetic records have been prepared in lieu of said documents by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, said electronic or magnetic records; if documents have been prepared in lieu of said electronic or magnetic records, said documents) for ten years from the date of their preparation or acquisition.In this case, the provisions of the proviso to the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis.
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(8)When the Trustee has prepared the balance sheet set forth in paragraph (3) and the documents or electronic or magnetic records set forth in paragraph (4) (hereinafter referred to as the "Balance Sheet, etc." in this paragraph and Article 224, paragraph (2), item (i)), the Trustee must retain said Balance Sheet, etc. (if electronic or magnetic records have been prepared in lieu of documents by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, said electronic or magnetic records; if documents have been prepared in lieu of electronic or magnetic records, said documents) until the date of the completion of the liquidation of the Trust; provided, however that this does not apply if the Trustee has, after ten years have elapsed from the date of their preparation, delivered said documents or copies thereof to the Beneficiary, or has provided the Beneficiary with information on the particulars recorded in said electronic or magnetic records by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.
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(9)For the purpose of the application of the provisions of Article 38 to the Limited Liability Trust, the phrase "paragraph (1) or paragraph (5) of the preceding Article" in the items of paragraph (1) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "Article 222, paragraph (2) or paragraph (7)," and the phrase "paragraph (2) of the preceding Article" in paragraph (4), item (i) of said Article and the items of paragraph (6) of said Article is deemed to be replaced with "Article 222, paragraph (3) or paragraph (4)."
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(裁判所による提出命令)
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(Court's Order to Submit Documents)
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第二百二十三条裁判所は、申立てにより又は職権で、訴訟の当事者に対し、前条第二項から第四項までの書類の全部又は一部の提出を命ずることができる。
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Article 223The court may, upon petition or on its own authority, order the parties to a lawsuit to submit all or part of the documents set forth in paragraph (2) to paragraph (4) of the preceding Article.
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(受託者の第三者に対する責任)
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(Trustee's Liability to Third Parties)
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第二百二十四条限定責任信託において、受託者が信託事務を行うについて悪意又は重大な過失があったときは、当該受託者は、これによって第三者に生じた損害を賠償する責任を負う。
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Article 224(1)In the case of a Limited Liability Trust, if the Trustee was willful or grossly negligent in the course of administering Trust affairs, the Trustee is liable to compensate for any damages suffered by a third party arising therefrom.
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一貸借対照表等に記載し、又は記録すべき重要な事項についての虚偽の記載又は記録
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(i)making false statements or records on the particulars that must be stated or recorded in the Balance Sheet, etc.;
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二虚偽の登記
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(ii)making a false registration; or
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三虚偽の公告
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(iii)giving false public notice.
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(受益者に対する信託財産に係る給付の制限)
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(Restriction on Distribution of Trust Property to Beneficiary)
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第二百二十五条限定責任信託においては、受益者に対する信託財産に係る給付は、その給付可能額(受益者に対し給付をすることができる額として純資産額の範囲内において法務省令で定める方法により算定される額をいう。以下この節において同じ。)を超えてすることはできない。
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Article 225In the case of a Limited Liability Trust, no distribution of Trust Property is allowed to be made to the Beneficiary beyond the maximum distributable amount (meaning the maximum amount that may be distributed to the Beneficiary, as calculated by the means specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice within the amount of net assets; hereinafter the same applies in this Section).
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(受益者に対する信託財産に係る給付に関する責任)
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(Obligations Relating to Distribution of Trust Property to Beneficiary)
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第二百二十六条受託者が前条の規定に違反して受益者に対する信託財産に係る給付をした場合には、次の各号に掲げる者は、連帯して(第二号に掲げる受益者にあっては、現に受けた個別の給付額の限度で連帯して)、当該各号に定める義務を負う。ただし、受託者がその職務を行うについて注意を怠らなかったことを証明した場合は、この限りでない。
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Article 226(1)If a Trustee has made distribution of Trust Property to the Beneficiary in violation of the provisions of the preceding Article, the persons listed in the following items jointly and severally assume obligations specified in the respective items (in the case of the Beneficiary set forth in item (ii), joint and several liability is limited to the amount of distribution actually received by each Beneficiary); provided, however, that this does not apply if the Trustee proves that the Trustee did not fail to exercise due care in performing the duties:
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一受託者当該給付の帳簿価額(以下この節において「給付額」という。)に相当する金銭の信託財産に対するてん補の義務
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(i)the Trustee:the obligation to compensate the Trust Property with monies equivalent to the book value of the distribution (hereinafter referred to as the "Distributed Amount" in this Section); and
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二当該給付を受けた受益者現に受けた個別の給付額に相当する金銭の受託者に対する支払の義務
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(ii)the Beneficiary to whom the distribution was made:the obligation to pay to the Trustee monies equivalent to the Distributed Amount actually received by each Beneficiary.
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(2)If the Trustee has fulfilled the whole or part of the obligation specified in item (i) of the preceding paragraph, the Beneficiary set forth in item (ii) of said paragraph is released from the obligation specified in item (ii) of said paragraph up to the amount obtained by multiplying the amount of obligation fulfilled by the ratio of the Distributed Amount as set forth in item (ii) of said paragraph to the Distributed Amount set forth in item (i) of said paragraph, and if the Beneficiary has fulfilled the obligation specified in item (ii) of said paragraph in whole or in part, the Trustee is released from the obligation specified in item (i) of said paragraph up to the amount of obligation fulfilled.
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(受益者に対する求償権の制限等)
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(Restriction on Demand for Reimbursement from Beneficiary)
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第二百二十七条前条第一項本文に規定する場合において、当該給付を受けた受益者は、給付額が当該給付をした日における給付可能額を超えることにつき善意であるときは、当該給付額について、受託者からの求償の請求に応ずる義務を負わない。
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Article 227(1)In the case prescribed in the main clause of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, if the Beneficiary to whom the distribution was made had no knowledge of the fact that the Distributed Amount exceeds the maximum distributable amount as of the day on which said distribution was made, the Beneficiary is not liable to meet the demand by the Trustee for reimbursement with regard to the Distributed Amount.
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(2)In the case prescribed in the main clause of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, a Trust Creditor may have the Beneficiary to whom the distribution was made, pay monies equivalent to the Distributed Amount (or the amount of the claim held by said Trust Creditor if the Distributed Amount exceeds the amount of the claim).
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(欠損が生じた場合の責任)
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(Liability in Case of Deficit)
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第二百二十八条受託者が受益者に対する信託財産に係る給付をした場合において、当該給付 |