Article 1This Act comes into effect as of the date of promulgation.

Article 2The government is to review the provisions of this Act and the status of implementation thereof within one year from when this Act comes into effect, and is to take necessary measures based on the review results.

Article 1This Act comes into effect as of April 1, 2000; provided, however, that the provisions set forth in the following items come into effect as of the dates specified respectively in those items:

Article 159Beyond what is provided for in the respective Acts prior to the amendment by this Act, affairs to be managed or performed by an organ of a local government organ on behalf of the national government, another local government, or other public entity pursuant to Acts or Cabinet Orders based thereon prior to the enforcement of this Act (hereinafter referred to as "Affairs of the National Government, etc." in Article 161 of the Supplementary Provisions) are, after the enforcement of this Act, to be processed by the local public entity as its own affairs pursuant to Acts or Cabinet Orders based thereon.

Article 160(1)With regard to dispositions to grant licenses, etc. and other acts conducted, prior to the enforcement of this Act (or the respective provisions set forth in the items of Article 1 of the Supplementary Provisions; hereinafter the same applies in this Article and Article 163 of the Supplementary Provisions), pursuant to the respective Acts prior to the amendment (hereinafter referred to as "Dispositions and Other Acts" in this Article) or applications for licenses, etc. and other acts conducted, prior to the enforcement of this Act, pursuant to the respective Acts prior to the amendment (hereinafter referred to as "Applications and Other Acts" in this Article), if administrative affairs pertaining to these acts come under the jurisdiction of different persons on the date of enforcement of this Act, these acts, except those prescribed in Article 2 of the Supplementary Provisions through the preceding Article or in the provisions of the respective amended Acts (including orders issued based thereon) concerning transitional measures, are deemed, with regard to the application of the respective amended Acts after the date of enforcement of this Act, as Dispositions and Other Acts or Applications and Other Acts conducted pursuant to the relevant provisions of the respective amended Acts.

(2)With regard to matters for which reports, notification, submission or any other procedures are required to be made or taken with organs of the national government or local governments, prior to the enforcement of this Act, pursuant to the respective Acts prior to the amendment, if these procedures have not yet been taken by the date of enforcement of this Act, the provisions of the respective Acts amended by this Act apply to such procedures, except those otherwise provided by this Act or Cabinet Order based thereon, by deeming that reports, notification, submission or any other procedures have not yet been made or taken with regard to matters for which such procedures are to be taken with the corresponding organs of the national government or local governments pursuant to the corresponding provisions of the respective amended Acts.

Article 161(1)With regard to an appeal filed under the Administrative Appeal Act against a disposition pertaining to Affairs of the National Government, etc. prior to the enforcement date of this Act by an administrative agency (hereinafter referred to as an "administrative agency reaching the disposition" in this Article) that has been subordinated to a higher administrative agency as prescribed by the Act (hereinafter referred to as a "higher administrative agency" in this Article) prior to the enforcement date of this Act, the provisions of the Administrative Appeal Act apply to the appeal, by deeming that the administrative agency reaching the disposition remains subordinate to the higher administrative agency after the enforcement date of this Act.In this case, the administrative agency that is deemed to be the higher administrative agency of the administrative agency reaching the disposition is to be the administrative agency which had been the higher administrative agency of the administrative agency reaching the disposition prior to the enforcement date of the Act.

(2)In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the administrative agency that is deemed to be a higher administrative agency is an organ of a local government, the affairs to be processed by the organ pursuant to the provisions of the Administrative Appeal Act are to be the item (i) statutory entrusted functions as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (9), item (i) of the new Local Autonomy Act.

Article 162With regard to any fees which should have been paid, prior to the enforcement date of this Act, pursuant to the provisions of the respective Acts (including orders based thereon) prior to the amendment by this Act, the provisions then in force remain applicable, unless otherwise provided for by this Act or Cabinet Order based thereon.

Article 163With regard to the application of penal provisions to acts committed prior to the enforcement of this Act, the provisions then in force remain applicable.

Article 164(1)Beyond what is provided for in these Supplementary Provisions, transitional measures necessary for the enforcement of this Act (including transitional measures concerning penal provisions) are prescribed by Cabinet Order.

(2)Matters necessary for application of the provisions of Articles 18, 51, and 184 of the Supplementary Provisions are prescribed by Cabinet Order.

Article 250Adding new functions to the item (i) statutory entrusted functions prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (9), item (i) of the new Local Autonomy Act is to be avoided as much as possible, and the functions set forth in appended table 1 of the new Local Autonomy Act and those provided by Cabinet Order based on the new Local Autonomy Act are to be reviewed from the perspective of promoting decentralization and to be revised as appropriate whenever necessary.

Article 251In order to enable local governments to execute their affairs and services voluntarily and independently, the government is to consider how to secure adequate sources of local tax revenue based on the sharing of roles between the national government and local governments, taking into account the prevailing economic trends, and take the necessary measures based on the results of the consideration.

Article 252In line with reforms of the medical insurance system, the pension system, and other systems, the government is to consider an ideal administrative processing system for social insurance and a desirable personnel system therefor from the viewpoint of ensuring convenience for the insured and increasing efficiency in administrative processing, and take measures as required based on the results of the consideration when it finds it necessary.

Article 1This Act (excluding Articles 2 and 3) comes into effect as of January 6, 2001.

Article 1This Act comes into effect as of the day specified by Cabinet Order within a period not exceeding one year from the date of promulgation.

Article 50The government is to review the status of enforcement of the new Act when five years have elapsed from when this Act comes into effect, and is to take required measures based on the review results when it finds it necessary.

Article 1This Act comes into effect as of the day on which the Administrative Appeal Act (Act No. 68 of 2014) comes into effect.