偽造カード等及び盗難カード等を用いて行われる不正な機械式預貯金払戻し等からの預貯金者の保護等に関する法律(平成十七年法律第九十四号)
Act on Protection of Depositors from Unauthorized ATM Withdrawals Using Counterfeit or Stolen Cards, etc.(Act No. 94 of 2005)
最終更新:平成十九年法律第七十四号
Last Version: Act No. 74 of 2007
目次
履歴
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平成30年6月27日
- 最終更新:平成十九年法律第七十四号
- 翻訳日:平成29年6月30日
- 辞書バージョン:11.0
偽造カード等及び盗難カード等を用いて行われる不正な機械式預貯金払戻し等からの預貯金者の保護等に関する法律
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Act on Protection of Depositors from Unauthorized ATM Withdrawals Using Counterfeit or Stolen Cards, etc.
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平成十七年八月十日法律第九十四号
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Act No. 94 of August 10, 2005
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(目的)
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(Purpose)
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第一条この法律は、偽造カード等又は盗難カード等を用いて行われる不正な機械式預貯金払戻し等による被害が多数発生していることにかんがみ、これらのカード等を用いて行われる機械式預貯金払戻し等に関する民法(明治二十九年法律第八十九号)の特例等について定めるとともに、これらのカード等を用いて行われる不正な機械式預貯金払戻し等の防止のための措置等を講ずることにより、これらのカード等を用いて行われる不正な機械式預貯金払戻し等からの預貯金者の保護を図り、あわせて預貯金に対する信頼を確保し、もって国民経済の健全な発展及び国民生活の安定に資することを目的とする。
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Article 1The purpose of this Act is to protect depositors from unauthorized ATM withdrawals, etc. using counterfeit or stolen cards, etc. and to secure confidence in deposits, in view of the frequent occurrence of damages due to unauthorized ATM withdrawals using these cards, thereby contributing to the sound development of the national economy and the stability of the lives of the people. In order to attain this purpose, this Act establishes special provisions to the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896) concerning ATM withdrawals using these cards and takes measures to prevent unauthorized ATM withdrawals using these cards.
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(定義)
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(Definitions)
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第二条この法律において「金融機関」とは、次に掲げるものをいう。
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Article 2(1)The term "financial institution" as used in this Act means the following:
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一銀行
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(i)a bank;
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二信用金庫
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(ii)a shinkin bank;
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三信用金庫連合会
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(iii)a federation of shinkin banks;
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四労働金庫
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(iv)a labor bank;
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五労働金庫連合会
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(v)the Rokinren Bank;
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六信用協同組合
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(vi)a credit cooperative;
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七信用協同組合連合会
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(vii)a federation of credit cooperatives;
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八農業協同組合
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(viii)an agricultural cooperative;
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九農業協同組合連合会
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(ix)a federation of agricultural cooperatives;
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十漁業協同組合
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(x)a fisheries cooperative;
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十一漁業協同組合連合会
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(xi)a federation of fisheries cooperatives;
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十二水産加工業協同組合
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(xii)a fishery processing cooperative;
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十三水産加工業協同組合連合会
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(xiii)a federation of fishery processing cooperatives;
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十四農林中央金庫
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(xiv)Norinchukin Bank; and
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十五株式会社商工組合中央金庫
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(xv)the Shoko Chukin Bank, Ltd.
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(6)The term "ATM withdrawal" as used in this Act means a withdrawal of deposits (including a withdrawal from a depositor's account for a transfer) via an automated teller machine (meaning a machine with a function to enable a user to withdraw deposits or take money loans based on a deposit contract; the same applies in the following paragraph) that is made based on a deposit contract concluded between a financial institution and a depositor.
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(カード等を用いて行われる機械式預貯金払戻し等に関する民法の特例)
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(Special Provisions to the Civil Code Concerning ATM Withdrawals Using Cards)
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第三条民法第四百七十八条の規定は、カード等その他これに類似するものを用いて行われる機械式預貯金払戻し及び機械式金銭借入れ(以下「機械式預貯金払戻し等」という。)については、適用しない。ただし、真正カード等を用いて行われる機械式預貯金払戻し等については、この限りでない。
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Article 3The provisions of Article 478 of the Civil Code do not apply to ATM withdrawals or ATM loans (hereinafter referred to as "ATM withdrawals, etc.") using cards, etc. or anything similar thereto; provided, however, that the provisions do apply to an ATM withdrawal, etc. using an authentic card, etc.
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(偽造カード等を用いて行われた機械式預貯金払戻し等の効力)
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(Effect of ATM Withdrawals Using Counterfeit Cards)
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第四条偽造カード等を用いて行われた機械式預貯金払戻しは、当該機械式預貯金払戻しに係る預貯金等契約を締結している預貯金者の故意により当該機械式預貯金払戻しが行われたものであるとき又は当該預貯金等契約を締結している金融機関が当該機械式預貯金払戻しについて善意でかつ過失がない場合であって当該預貯金者の重大な過失により当該機械式預貯金払戻しが行われることとなったときに限り、その効力を有する。
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Article 4(1)An ATM withdrawal using a counterfeit card, etc. is effective only if the ATM withdrawal was made intentionally by the depositor who concluded the deposit contract to which the ATM withdrawal pertains, or if the financial institution that concluded the deposit contract has acted in good faith and without negligence concerning the ATM withdrawal and the ATM withdrawal was made due to the depositor's gross negligence.
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(2)The liability for an ATM loan using a counterfeit card, etc. is borne by the depositor who concluded the deposit contract to which the ATM loan pertains, only if the ATM loan was taken intentionally by the depositor, or if the financial institution that concluded the deposit contract has acted in good faith and without negligence for the ATM loan and the ATM loan was made due to the depositor's gross negligence.
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(盗難カード等を用いて行われた不正な機械式預貯金払戻し等の額に相当する金額の補てん等)
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(Compensation for Amount Equivalent to Amount of Unauthorized ATM Withdrawal Using Stolen Cards)
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第五条預貯金者は、自らの預貯金等契約に係る真正カード等が盗取されたと認める場合において、次の各号のいずれにも該当するときは、当該預貯金等契約を締結している金融機関に対し、当該盗取に係る盗難カード等を用いて行われた機械式預貯金払戻しの額に相当する金額の補てんを求めることができる。
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Article 5(1)If a depositor finds that an authentic card, etc. related to the depositor's deposit contract has been stolen, and the depositor falls under all of the following items, the depositor may request the financial institution with which the depositor concluded the deposit contract to compensate for an amount equivalent to the amount of any ATM withdrawal made using the stolen card, etc. involved in the theft:
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一当該真正カード等が盗取されたと認めた後、速やかに、当該金融機関に対し盗取された旨の通知を行ったこと。
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(i)the depositor has given notice to the financial institution of the theft promptly after finding that the authentic card, etc. was stolen;
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二当該金融機関の求めに応じ、遅滞なく、当該盗取が行われるに至った事情その他の当該盗取に関する状況について十分な説明を行ったこと。
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(ii)the depositor has provided the financial institution, without delay upon its request, with an adequate explanation with regard to the circumstances concerning the theft, including the circumstances in which the theft was committed; and
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三当該金融機関に対し、捜査機関に対して当該盗取に係る届出を提出していることを申し出たことその他当該盗取が行われたことが推測される事実として内閣府令で定めるものを示したこと。
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(iii)the depositor has notified the financial institution that the depositor reported the theft to the investigating authorities or has presented to the financial institution any other fact specified by Cabinet Office Order as a fact that implies the committing of the theft.
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2前項の規定による補てんの求めを受けた金融機関は、当該補てんの求めに係る機械式預貯金払戻しが盗難カード等を用いて行われた不正なものでないこと又は当該機械式預貯金払戻しが当該補てんの求めをした預貯金者の故意により行われたことを証明した場合を除き、当該補てんの求めをした預貯金者に対して、当該機械式預貯金払戻しの額に相当する金額(基準日以後において行われた当該機械式預貯金払戻しの額に相当する金額に限る。以下「補てん対象額」という。)の補てんを行わなければならない。ただし、当該金融機関が、当該機械式預貯金払戻しが盗難カード等を用いて不正に行われたことについて善意でかつ過失がないこと及び当該機械式預貯金払戻しが当該預貯金者の過失(重大な過失を除く。)により行われたことを証明した場合は、その補てんを行わなければならない金額は、補てん対象額の四分の三に相当する金額とする。
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(2)The financial institution that receives a request for compensation pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph must compensate the depositor who makes the request for compensation for an amount equivalent to the amount of the ATM withdrawal subject to the request for compensation (limited to an amount equivalent to the amount of the ATM withdrawal made on or after the reference date; hereinafter referred to as the "amount subject to compensation") unless it proves that the ATM withdrawal was not an unauthorized withdrawal made using a stolen card, etc. or that the ATM withdrawal was made intentionally by the depositor who makes the request for compensation; provided, however, that if the financial institution proves that it has acted in good faith and without negligence as to the fact that the ATM withdrawal was made without authorization using a stolen card, etc. and that the ATM withdrawal was made due to the depositor's negligence (excluding gross negligence), the amount for which the financial institution must compensate is to be three-fourths of the amount subject to compensation.
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(3)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the financial institution that receives a request for compensation pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) is not required to compensate the depositor who makes the request for compensation if the financial institution proves that the case falls under any of the following items:
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一当該補てんの求めに係る機械式預貯金払戻しが盗難カード等を用いて不正に行われたことについて金融機関が善意でかつ過失がないこと及び次のいずれかに該当すること。
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(i)the financial institution has acted in good faith and without negligence with respect to the fact that the ATM withdrawal subject to the request for compensation was made without authorization using a stolen card, etc., and the case falls under any of the following:
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イ当該機械式預貯金払戻しが当該預貯金者の重大な過失により行われたこと。
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(a)the ATM withdrawal was made due to the depositor's gross negligence;
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ロ当該機械式預貯金払戻しが当該預貯金者の配偶者、二親等内の親族、同居の親族その他の同居人又は家事使用人によって行われたこと。
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(b)the ATM withdrawal was made by the depositor's spouse, a relative within the second degree of kinship, a cohabiting relative or any other person who lives with the depositor, or an employee of the depositor's household; or
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ハ当該預貯金者が、第一項第二号に規定する金融機関に対する説明において、重要な事項について偽りの説明を行ったこと。
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(c)the depositor has provided a false explanation on important matters in an explanation to be provided to the financial institution as prescribed in paragraph (1), item (ii); or
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二当該盗難カード等に係る盗取が戦争、暴動等による著しい社会秩序の混乱に乗じ、又はこれに付随して行われたこと。
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(ii)the theft involving the stolen card, etc. was committed while taking advantage of or accompanying serious social disorder caused by a war, disturbance, etc.
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4預貯金者が自らの預貯金等契約に係る真正カード等が盗取されたと認める場合において第一項各号のいずれにも該当するときは、当該預貯金等契約を締結している金融機関は、当該盗取に係る盗難カード等を用いて行われた機械式金銭借入れについて、当該金融機関が当該機械式金銭借入れが盗難カード等を用いて行われた不正なものでないこと又は当該機械式金銭借入れが当該預貯金者の故意により行われたものであることを証明した場合を除き、当該機械式金銭借入れ(基準日以後において行われた当該機械式金銭借入れに限る。以下「対象借入れ」という。)について、その支払を求めることができない。ただし、当該金融機関が、当該機械式金銭借入れが盗難カード等を用いて不正に行われたことについて善意でかつ過失がないこと及び当該機械式金銭借入れが当該預貯金者の過失(重大な過失を除く。)により行われたことを証明した場合は、その支払を求めることができない金額は、対象借入れに係る額の四分の三に相当する金額とする。
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(4)If a depositor finds that an authentic card, etc. related to the depositor's deposit contract has been stolen, and the depositor falls under all of the items of paragraph (1), the financial institution with which the depositor concluded the deposit contract may not demand payment with regard to an ATM loan (limited to one taken on or after the reference date; hereinafter referred to as the "subject loan") taken using the stolen card, etc. involved in the theft, unless it proves that the ATM loan is not an unauthorized loan taken using a stolen card, etc. or that the ATM loan was taken intentionally by the depositor; provided, however, that if the financial institution proves that it has acted in good faith and without negligence with respect to the fact that the ATM loan was taken without authorization using a stolen card, etc. and that the ATM loan was taken due to the depositor's negligence (excluding gross negligence), the amount for which the financial institution may not demand payment is to be three-fourths of the amount of the subject loan.
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(5)Paragraph (3) applies mutatis mutandis to the case referred to in the preceding paragraph.In this case, the phrase "Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the financial institution that receives a request for compensation pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) is not required to compensate the depositor who makes the request for compensation if the financial institution proves that the case falls under any of the following items:" in paragraph (3) is deemed to be replaced with "The provisions of paragraph (4) do not apply if the financial institution referred to in that paragraph proves that the case falls under any of the following items:", and the phrase "the ATM withdrawal subject to the request for compensation" in paragraph (3), item (i) is deemed to be replaced with "the ATM loan referred to in paragraph (4)", and the term "the ATM withdrawal" in the same item is deemed to be replaced with "the ATM loan".
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6第二項及び第四項に規定する基準日とは、第一項第一号に規定する通知を行った日の三十日(預貯金者が、同項又は第四項の盗取が行われた日(当該盗取が行われた日が明らかでないときは、当該盗取に係る盗難カード等を用いて行われた不正な機械式預貯金払戻し又は機械式金銭借入れが最初に行われた日。以下この項及び第七条において同じ。)以後三十日を経過する日までの期間内に当該盗取が行われたことを知ることができなかったことその他の当該通知をすることができなかったことについてやむを得ない特別の事情がある期間があることを証明したときは、三十日に当該特別の事情が継続している期間の日数を加えた日数)前の日(その日が当該盗取が行われた日前の日であるときは、当該盗取が行われた日)をいう。
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(6)The reference date prescribed in paragraphs (2) and (4) means a date that is 30 days prior to the date on which the notice prescribed in paragraph (1), item (i) was given (if the depositor proves that, within the period of 30 days from the date on which the theft referred to in that paragraph or paragraph (4) was committed (the date on which the first unauthorized ATM withdrawal or ATM loan was made or taken using the stolen card, etc. involved in the theft if the date on which the theft was committed is unknown; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph and Article 7), there was a period during which unavoidable, special circumstances made it impossible for the depositor to learn that the theft had been committed or otherwise made it impossible for the depositor to give the notice, 30 days plus the number of days during which the special circumstances continued to exist) (if the date is prior to the date on which the theft was committed, the reference date means the date on which the theft was committed).
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(損害賠償等がされた場合等の調整)
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(Adjustment When Damages Are Paid)
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第六条前条第二項の規定に基づく補てんを受けることができることとされる預貯金者に対し、次のいずれかに掲げる請求権の全部又は一部に係る支払がされた場合においては、当該補てんの求めを受けた金融機関は、その支払の金額の限度で当該預貯金者に対して補てんを行う義務を免れる。ただし、同項ただし書の規定の適用がある場合にあっては、当該金融機関は、当該支払の金額が補てん対象額から同項ただし書の規定に基づく補てんを受けることができることとされる金額を控除した金額を超えるときに限り、当該超える金額の限度で当該預貯金者に対して補てんを行う義務を免れる。
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Article 6(1)If any of the following claims are paid in whole or in part to a depositor who is deemed to be eligible to receive compensation based on the provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, the financial institution that receives a request for the compensation is exempt from the obligation to compensate the depositor up to the amount to be paid; provided, however, that if the provisions of the proviso to that paragraph apply, the financial institution is exempt from the obligation to compensate the depositor only if the amount to be paid exceeds the amount determined by deducting the amount for which the depositor is eligible to receive compensation pursuant to the provisions of the proviso to that paragraph from the amount subject to compensation, with the exemption being granted for up to the amount of the excess:
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一盗難カード等を用いて行われた不正な機械式預貯金払戻しが弁済の効力を有しない場合に当該預貯金者が当該金融機関に対して有する当該機械式預貯金払戻しに係る預貯金の払戻請求権
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(i)if the unauthorized ATM withdrawal using a stolen card, etc. does not have the effect of payment: the claim for refund of deposits held by the depositor against the financial institution with regard to the ATM withdrawal; or
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二盗難カード等を用いて行われた不正な機械式預貯金払戻しが弁済の効力を有する場合に当該預貯金者が当該機械式預貯金払戻しを受けた者その他の第三者に対して有する損害賠償請求権又は不当利得返還請求権
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(ii)if the unauthorized ATM withdrawal using a stolen card, etc. has the effect of payment: the claim for damages or for return of unjust enrichment held by the depositor against the person who received the ATM withdrawal or other third parties.
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(適用除外)
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(Exclusion from Application)
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第七条第五条の規定は、同条第一項第一号に規定する通知が同項又は同条第四項の盗取が行われた日から二年を経過する日後に行われたときは、適用しない。
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Article 7The provisions of Article 5 do not apply if the notice prescribed in paragraph (1), item (i) of that Article is given two years after the date on which the theft referred to in that paragraph or paragraph (4) of that Article was committed.
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(強行規定)
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(Mandatory Provisions)
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第八条第三条から前条までの規定に反する特約で預貯金者に不利なものは、無効とする。
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Article 8A special provision that is contrary to the provisions of Article 3 to the provisions of the preceding Article and is disadvantageous to a depositor is void.
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(偽造カード等又は盗難カード等を用いて行われる不正な機械式預貯金払戻し等の防止のための措置等)
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(Measures to Prevent Unauthorized ATM Withdrawals Using Counterfeit or Stolen Cards)
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第九条金融機関は、偽造カード等又は盗難カード等を用いて行われる不正な機械式預貯金払戻し等の発生を防止するため、できるだけ速やかに、機械式預貯金払戻し等に係る認証の技術の開発並びに情報の漏えいの防止及び異常な取引状況の早期の把握のための情報システムの整備その他の措置を講ずることにより、機械式預貯金払戻し等が正当な権限を有する者に対して適切に行われることを確保することができるようにするとともに、預貯金者に対するこれらの措置についての情報の提供並びに啓発及び知識の普及、容易に推測される暗証番号が使用されないような適切な措置の実施その他の必要な措置を講じなければならない。
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Article 9(1)In order to prevent the occurrence of unauthorized ATM withdrawals, etc. using counterfeit or stolen cards, etc., financial institutions must make it possible to ensure that ATM withdrawals, etc. will be appropriately available for persons with legitimate authority by taking measures, as promptly as possible, including the development of technology for authentication concerning ATM withdrawals, etc. as well as the development of information systems for the prevention of information leaks and the early detection of abnormal transactions, and must take necessary measures including the provision of information, raising of awareness, and dissemination of knowledge with regard to those measures designed for depositors, and the implementation of appropriate measures to prevent the use of easily guessable personal identification numbers.
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(2)When taking measures referred to in the preceding paragraph, financial institutions are to take care not to impose an excessive burden on depositors that could arise upon the implementation of these measures, and make efforts to avoid causing inconvenience for depositors by taking measures such as adopting uniform specifications and assuring compatibility.
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(3)The state or each prefecture must ascertain the status of implementation of the measures referred to in paragraph (1), and if it finds it to be necessary, it must take necessary measures to make financial institutions take appropriate measures in order to enhance the protection, etc. of depositors from unauthorized ATM withdrawals, etc. using counterfeit or stolen cards, etc.
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(取引の状況等の記録、保存等)
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(Records of Transactions and Preservation Thereof)
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第十条金融機関は、機械式預貯金払戻し等の状況をビデオテープ、写真その他の記録媒体に記録し、それらの物件を保存するとともに、預貯金者からその預貯金等契約に係る偽造カード等又は盗難カード等による機械式預貯金払戻し等に係る事実を確認するために必要な資料の提供その他の協力を求められたときは、これに誠実に協力するものとする。
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Article 10A financial institution is to record ATM withdrawals, etc. as they happen on recording media such as video tapes and photographs and to preserve these objects, and if it is requested by a depositor to provide cooperation including the provision of necessary materials for confirming the facts concerning an ATM withdrawal, etc. using a counterfeit or stolen card, etc. related to the depositor's deposit contract, it is to provide cooperation sincerely as requested.
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(関係行政機関等及び預貯金者に対する協力の要請)
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(Request for Cooperation from Relevant Administrative Organizations and Depositors)
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第十一条金融機関は、偽造カード等又は盗難カード等を用いて行われた不正な機械式預貯金払戻し等に関し、関係行政機関等に対し必要な協力を求めることができる。
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Article 11(1)A financial institution may request necessary cooperation from relevant administrative organizations in connection with an unauthorized ATM withdrawal, etc. using a counterfeit or stolen card, etc.
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(2)A financial institution may request necessary cooperation including the provision of information from the depositor involved in an unauthorized ATM withdrawal, etc. using a counterfeit or stolen card, etc. in connection with the ATM withdrawal, etc., and the depositor is to provide cooperation sincerely as requested.
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