司法試験法(昭和二十四年法律第百四十号)
Bar Examination Act(Act No. 140 of 1949)
最終更新:令和元年法律第四十四号
Last Version: Act No. 44 of 2019
目次
履歴
  • 令和4年11月18日
    • 最終更新:令和元年法律第四十四号
    • 翻訳日:令和3年11月17日
    • 辞書バージョン:14.0
  • 平成26年8月5日
    • 最終更新:平成二六年法律第五十二号
    • 翻訳日:平成26年7月1日
    • 辞書バージョン:4.0
  • 平成26年6月25日
    • 最終更新:平成十九年法律第九十六号
    • 翻訳日:平成21年12月21日
    • 辞書バージョン:4.0

司法試験法(令和元年法律第四十四号未施行)
Bar Examination Act (Act No. 44 of 2019 unenforced)
昭和二十四年五月三十一日法律第百四十号
Act No. 140 of May 31, 1949
目次
Table of contents
第一章 司法試験等 (第一条―第十一条)
Chapter I The Bar Examination (Articles 1 to 11)
第二章 司法試験委員会 (第十二条―第十六条)
Chapter II The National Bar Examination Commission (Articles 12 to 16)
第三章 補則 (第十七条)
Chapter III Auxiliary Provisions (Article 17)
附 則
Supplementary Provisions
第一章 司法試験等
Chapter I The Bar Examination
(司法試験の目的等)
(Purpose of the Bar Examination)
第一条司法試験は、裁判官、検察官又は弁護士となろうとする者に必要な学識及びその応用能力を有するかどうかを判定することを目的とする国家試験とする。
Article 1(1)The bar examination is a national examination for the purpose of judging whether an examinee has the knowledge required of a person who is to be a judge, public prosecutor, or attorney, and the practical ability to utilize that required knowledge.
裁判所法(昭和二十二年法律第五十九号)第六十六条の試験は、この法律により行う。
(2)The examination set forth in Article 66 of the Court Act (Act No. 59 of 1947) is conducted pursuant to this Act.
司法試験は、法科大学院(学校教育法(昭和二十二年法律第二十六号)第九十九条第二項に規定する専門職大学院であつて、法曹に必要な学識及び能力を培うことを目的とするものをいう。第四条において同じ。)の課程における教育及び司法修習生の修習との有機的連携の下に行うものとする。
(3)The bar examination is to be conducted in coordination with education at a course in a graduate school of law (meaning a professional graduate school, as prescribed in Article 99, paragraph (2) of the School Education Act (Act No. 26 of 1947), the purpose of which is to cultivate the knowledge and abilities that students need for the legal profession; the same applies in Article 4), and the training of legal apprentices.
(司法試験の方法等)
(Methods of the Bar Examination)
第二条司法試験は、短答式(択一式を含む。以下同じ。)及び論文式による筆記の方法により行う。
Article 2(1)The bar examination consists of short-answer questions (including multiple-choice questions; the same applies hereinafter) and essay questions.
司法試験の合格者の判定は、短答式による筆記試験の合格に必要な成績を得た者につき、短答式による筆記試験及び論文式による筆記試験の成績を総合して行うものとする。
(2)The determination of which persons have passed the bar examination is made from among the pool of test takers who have achieved a passing score on the short-answer questions, by totaling the results of both the short-answer questions and the essay questions.
(司法試験の試験科目等)
(Subjects in the Bar Examination)
第三条短答式による筆記試験は、裁判官、検察官又は弁護士となろうとする者に必要な専門的な法律知識及び法的な推論の能力を有するかどうかを判定することを目的とし、次に掲げる科目について行う。
Article 3(1)Short-answer questions are given on the following subjects for the purpose of judging whether an examinee has the expert legal knowledge and ability to make legal deductions required of a person who is to be a judge, public prosecutor, or attorney:
憲法
(i)the Constitution;
(ii)the Civil Code; and
(iii)the Penal Code.
論文式による筆記試験は、裁判官、検察官又は弁護士となろうとする者に必要な専門的な学識並びに法的な分析、構成及び論述の能力を有するかどうかを判定することを目的とし、次に掲げる科目について行う。
(2)Essay questions are given on the following subjects for the purpose of judging whether an examinee has the expert knowledge and the ability for legal analysis, logical construction, and dissertation, as required of a person who is to be a judge, public prosecutor, or attorney:
公法系科目(憲法及び行政法に関する分野の科目をいう。)
(i)subjects related to public law (meaning subjects concerning the Constitution and administrative laws);
民事系科目(民法商法及び民事訴訟法に関する分野の科目をいう。)
(ii)subjects related to civil affairs (meaning subjects concerning the Civil Code, the Commercial Code, and the Code of Civil Procedure);
刑事系科目(刑法及び刑事訴訟法に関する分野の科目をいう。)
(iii)subjects related to criminal affairs (meaning subjects concerning the Penal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure); and
専門的な法律の分野に関する科目として法務省令で定める科目のうち受験者のあらかじめ選択する一科目
(iv)one subject that an examinee has selected in advance from among the subjects specified by the Ministry of Justice Order as subjects concerning expert legal fields.
前二項に掲げる試験科目については、法務省令により、その全部又は一部について範囲を定めることができる。
(3)The Ministry of Justice Order may specify the scope of all or a part of the subjects for examination set forth in the preceding two paragraphs.
司法試験においては、その受験者が裁判官、検察官又は弁護士となろうとする者に必要な学識及びその応用能力を備えているかどうかを適確に評価するため、知識を有するかどうかの判定に偏することなく、法律に関する理論的かつ実践的な理解力、思考力、判断力等の判定に意を用いなければならない。
(4)In the bar examination, in order to properly assess whether examinees have the knowledge required of persons who are to be judges, public prosecutors, or attorneys, and the practical ability to utilize that required knowledge, care must be taken to judge their logical and practical ability to understand, think about, and judge legal matters, without placing excessive emphasis on whether or not they possess that knowledge.
(司法試験の受験資格等)
(Qualifications for Taking the Bar Examination)
第四条司法試験は、次の各号に掲げる者が、それぞれ当該各号に定める期間において受けることができる。
Article 4(1)A person set forth in one of the following items may take the bar examination during the period specified in the relevant item:
法科大学院の課程を修了した者 その修了の日後の最初の四月一日から五年を経過するまでの期間
(i)a person who has completed a course in a graduate school of law: the period from the first April 1 after the day on which they completed the course up to the date on which five years have elapsed since that April 1; and
司法試験予備試験に合格した者 その合格の発表の日後の最初の四月一日から五年を経過するまでの期間
(ii)a person who has passed a preliminary bar examination: the period from the first April 1 after the day of the announcement of the preliminary bar examination results up to the date on which five years have elapsed since that April 1.
前項の規定にかかわらず、司法試験は、第一号に掲げる者が、第二号に掲げる期間において受けることができる。
(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, a person set forth in item (i) may take the bar examination during the period set forth in item (ii):
法科大学院の課程に在学する者であつて、法務省令で定めるところにより、当該法科大学院を設置する大学の学長が、次のイ及びロに掲げる要件を満たすことについて認定をしたもの
(i)a person who is enrolled in a course at a graduate school of law, and has been certified by the president of the university to which the relevant graduate school of law belongs, pursuant to the provisions of the Ministry of Justice Order, as one who satisfies the following sub-items (a) and (b):
当該法科大学院において所定科目単位(裁判官、検察官又は弁護士となろうとする者に必要な学識及びその応用能力を有するかどうかを司法試験により判定するために必要なものとして法務省令で定める科目の単位をいう。)を修得していること。
(a)having received credit for the completion of prescribed subject units at the relevant graduate school of law (meaning units as prescribed by the Ministry of Justice Order as essential for judging through the bar examination whether candidates have the knowledge required of persons who are to be judges, public prosecutors or attorneys, and the practical ability to utilize that required knowledge); and
司法試験が行われる日の属する年の四月一日から一年以内に当該法科大学院の課程を修了する見込みがあること。
(b)being expected to complete the course in the relevant graduate school of law within one year from April 1 of the year in which the bar examination is held; and
この項の規定により前号の法科大学院の課程に在学している間に最初に司法試験を受けた日の属する年の四月一日から当該法科大学院の課程を修了若しくは退学するまでの期間又は同日から五年を経過するまでの期間のいずれか短い期間
(ii)whichever period is shorter, either the period from April 1 of the year in which the relevant person takes the bar examination pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph for the first time while being enrolled in a course in the graduate school of law in the preceding item, up to the time the person completes the course in or withdraws from that graduate school of law; or five years from the aforementioned April 1.
前項の規定により司法試験を受けた者が同項第一号の法科大学院の課程を修了した場合における第一項第一号の規定の適用については、同号中「その修了の日後の最初の」とあるのは、「次項の規定により最初に司法試験を受けた日の属する年の」とする。
(3)For the provisions of paragraph (1), item (i) to apply to cases in which a person having taken the bar examination pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph has completed the course in a graduate school of law set forth in item (i) of that paragraph, the phrase "the first April 1 after the day on which they completed the course" in paragraph (1), item (i) is deemed to be replaced with "the year in which they took the bar examination for the first time, pursuant to the provisions of the following paragraph".
第一項又は第二項の規定により司法試験を受けた者は、その受験に係る受験資格(第一項各号に規定する法科大学院の課程の修了若しくは司法試験予備試験の合格又は第二項第一号に規定する法科大学院の課程の在学及び当該法科大学院を設置する大学の学長の認定をいう。以下この項において同じ。)に対応する受験期間(第一項各号に定める期間又は第二項第二号に掲げる期間をいう。)においては、他の受験資格に基づいて司法試験を受けることはできない。
(4)A person who has taken the bar examination pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) or (2) through use of a qualification to take that exam (meaning the completion of a course in a graduate school of law, or the passing of a preliminary bar examination, as prescribed in the items of paragraph (1); or certification by the president of a university to which a graduate school of law to which that person is enrolled belongs, as prescribed in paragraph (2), item (i); the same applies in this paragraph), is not eligible to take another bar examination through the use of a different qualification during the period for taking examinations through the former qualification (meaning the period specified in the items of paragraph (1) or in paragraph (2), item (ii)).
(司法試験予備試験)
(Preliminary Bar Examination)
第五条司法試験予備試験(以下「予備試験」という。)は、司法試験を受けようとする者が前条第一項第一号に掲げる者と同等の学識及びその応用能力並びに法律に関する実務の基礎的素養を有するかどうかを判定することを目的とし、短答式及び論文式による筆記並びに口述の方法により行う。
Article 5(1)The purpose of a preliminary bar examination (hereinafter referred to as a "preliminary examination") is to judge whether a person seeking to take the bar examination has knowledge, practical ability to utilize that knowledge, and basic grounding in legal practices that are equivalent to that of a person listed in paragraph (1), item (i) of the preceding Article; and a preliminary examination consists of short-answer questions, essay questions, and oral examination.
短答式による筆記試験は、次に掲げる科目について行う。
(2)Short-answer questions are given on the following subjects:
憲法
(i)the Constitution;
行政法
(ii)administrative laws;
(iii)the Civil Code;
(vi)the Penal Code;
一般教養科目
(viii)liberal arts.
論文式による筆記試験は、短答式による筆記試験に合格した者につき、次に掲げる科目について行う。
(3)Essay questions are given on the following subjects only to those who have passed the short-answer questions:
前項第一号から第七号までに掲げる科目
(i)subjects set forth in item (i) through (vii) of the preceding paragraph;
専門的な法律の分野に関する科目として法務省令で定める科目のうち受験者のあらかじめ選択する一科目
(ii)one subject that an examinee has selected in advance from among the subjects specified by the Ministry of Justice Order as subjects concerning expert legal fields; and
法律実務基礎科目(法律に関する実務の基礎的素養(実務の経験により修得されるものを含む。)についての科目をいう。次項において同じ。)
(iii)subjects concerning basic legal practices (meaning subjects concerning a basic grounding in legal practices (including a grounding to be acquired through practical experience); the same applies in the following paragraph).
口述試験は、筆記試験に合格した者につき、法的な推論、分析及び構成に基づいて弁論をする能力を有するかどうかの判定に意を用い、法律実務基礎科目について行う。
(4)Oral examinations are given only to those persons who have passed the essay questions on subjects concerning basic legal practices, and are focused on judging whether those persons have the ability to present an argument based on legal deductions, analysis, and logical construction.
前三項に規定する試験科目については、法務省令により、その全部又は一部について範囲を定めることができる。
(5)The Ministry of Justice Order may specify the scope of all or a part of the subjects for examination prescribed in the preceding three paragraphs.
(司法試験委員会の意見の聴取)
(Hearing of Opinions of the National Bar Examination Commission)
第六条法務大臣は、第三条第二項第四号若しくは第三項又は前条第三項第二号若しくは第五項の法務省令を制定し、又は改廃しようとするときは、司法試験委員会の意見を聴かなければならない。
Article 6If the Minister of Justice seeks to enact, amend, or repeal the Ministry of Justice Order set forth in Article 3, paragraph (2), item (iv) or paragraph (3); or the preceding Article, paragraph (3), item (ii) or paragraph (5), the Minister must hear the opinions of the National Bar Examination Commission.
(司法試験等の実施)
(Implementation of the Bar Examination)
第七条司法試験及び予備試験は、それぞれ、司法試験委員会が毎年一回以上行うものとし、その期日及び場所は、あらかじめ官報をもつて公告する。
Article 7The National Bar Examination Commission conducts both the bar examination and the preliminary examination at least once per year, and makes a public notice of their date and venue in the official gazette in advance.
(合格者の決定方法)
(Methods for Determining Which Persons Have Passed)
第八条司法試験の合格者は司法試験考査委員の合議による判定に基づき、予備試験の合格者は司法試験予備試験考査委員の合議による判定に基づき、それぞれ司法試験委員会が決定する。
Article 8The National Bar Examination Commission determines which persons have passed the bar examination based on the judgment reached through consultation; and determines which persons have passed the preliminary examination based on the judgment reached through consultation.
(合格証書)
(Certificates)
第九条司法試験又は予備試験に合格した者には、それぞれ当該試験に合格したことを証する証書を授与する。
Article 9A person who has passed the bar examination or preliminary examination is given a certificate certifying that they have passed the relevant examination.
(合格の取消し等)
(Rescission of the Decision That a Person Has Passed)
第十条司法試験委員会は、不正の手段によつて司法試験若しくは予備試験を受け、若しくは受けようとした者又はこの法律若しくはこの法律に基づく法務省令に違反した者に対しては、その試験を受けることを禁止し、合格の決定を取り消し、又は情状により五年以内の期間を定めて司法試験若しくは予備試験を受けることができないものとすることができる。
Article 10The National Bar Examination Commission may prohibit a person who has taken or tried to take the bar examination or preliminary examination by wrongful means, or who has violated this Act or the Ministry of Justice Order based on this Act, from taking the examination, or rescind the decision that the person has passed; or, depending on the circumstances, prevent the person from taking the bar examination or preliminary examination, specifying a period not more than five years.
(受験手数料)
(Examination Fees)
第十一条司法試験又は予備試験を受けようとする者は、それぞれ実費を勘案して政令で定める額の受験手数料を納付しなければならない。
Article 11(1)A person who seeks to take the bar examination or preliminary examination must pay the examination fee specified by Cabinet Order in consideration of the actual costs of each of the examinations.
前項の規定により納付した受験手数料は、当該試験を受けなかつた場合においても返還しない。
(2)An examination fee paid pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph is not refunded even if the person does not take the relevant examination.
第二章 司法試験委員会
Chapter II The National Bar Examination Commission
(司法試験委員会の設置及び所掌事務)
(Establishment of the National Bar Examination Commission and Functions under its Jurisdiction)
第十二条法務省に、司法試験委員会(以下この章において「委員会」という。)を置く。
Article 12(1)The National Bar Examination Commission (referred to as the "Commission" in this Chapter) is established at the Ministry of Justice.
委員会は、次に掲げる事務をつかさどる。
(2)The Commission takes charge of the following functions:
司法試験及び予備試験を行うこと。
(i)conducting the bar examination and preliminary examination;
法務大臣の諮問に応じ、司法試験及び予備試験の実施に関する重要事項について調査審議すること。
(ii)studying and deliberating important matters for conducting the bar examination and preliminary examination, in response to what is asked of it by the Minister of Justice;
司法試験及び予備試験の実施に関する重要事項に関し、法務大臣に意見を述べること。
(iii)submitting opinions to the Minister of Justice concerning important matters for conducting the bar examination and preliminary examination; and
その他法律によりその権限に属させられた事項を処理すること。
(iv)dealing with other matters that come under its authority in accordance with the applicable laws.
委員会は、その所掌事務を行うため必要があると認めるときは、関係行政機関又は関係のある公私の団体に対し、必要な資料の提供その他の協力を求めることができる。
(3)If the Commission finds it necessary to do so for carrying out functions under its jurisdiction, it may request that the relevant administrative organs or the relevant public or private organizations submit necessary materials or otherwise provide cooperation.
(委員)
(Commission Members)
第十三条委員会は、委員七人をもつて組織する。
Article 13(1)The Commission consists of seven members.
委員は、裁判官、検察官、弁護士及び学識経験を有する者のうちから、法務大臣が任命する。
(2)Commission members are appointed by the Minister of Justice from among judges, public prosecutors, attorneys, and persons with relevant knowledge and experience.
委員の任期は、二年とする。ただし、補欠の委員の任期は、前任者の残任期間とする。
(3)The term of office of Commission members is two years; provided, however, that the term of office of a member appointed to fill a vacancy is the remaining term of office of their predecessor.
委員は、再任されることができる。
(4)Commission members may be reappointed.
委員は、非常勤とする。
(5)Commission members serve on a part-time basis.
(委員長)
(A Chairperson)
第十四条委員長は、委員の互選に基づき、法務大臣が任命する。
Article 14(1)A chairperson is appointed by the Minister of Justice based on the candidate who is selected by the Commission members from among themselves.
委員長は、委員会の会務を総理し、委員会を代表する。
(2)The chairperson presides over the business of the Commission and represents it.
委員会は、あらかじめ、委員のうちから、委員長に故障のある場合に委員長を代理する者を定めておかなければならない。
(3)The Commission must designate in advance a person to represent the chairperson in cases in which the chairperson is not available, from among the Commission members.
(司法試験考査委員等)
(Bar Examiners)
第十五条委員会に、司法試験における問題の作成及び採点並びに合格者の判定を行わせるため司法試験考査委員を置き、予備試験における問題の作成及び採点並びに合格者の判定を行わせるため司法試験予備試験考査委員(以下この条及び次条において「予備試験考査委員」という。)を置く。
Article 15(1)Bar examiners are assigned to the Commission to prepare examination questions, mark examination papers, and judge which persons have passed the bar examination; and examiners for the preliminary bar examination (referred to as "examiners for the preliminary examination" in this Article and in the following Article) are assigned to the Commission to prepare examination questions, mark examination papers, and judge which persons have passed the preliminary examination.
司法試験考査委員及び予備試験考査委員は、委員会の推薦に基づき、当該試験を行うについて必要な学識経験を有する者のうちから、法務大臣が試験ごとに任命する。
(2)The Minister of Justice appoints bar examiners or examiners for the preliminary examination each time the relevant examination is held, from among persons with the knowledge and experience required for conducting the examination, based on the recommendation of the Commission.
司法試験考査委員及び予備試験考査委員は、非常勤とする。
(3)Bar examiners and examiners for the preliminary examination serve on a part-time basis.
(政令への委任)
(Delegation to Cabinet Order)
第十六条第十二条から前条までに定めるもののほか、委員会の委員、司法試験考査委員及び予備試験考査委員に関する事項その他委員会に関し必要な事項は、政令で定める。
Article 16Beyond what is provided in Article 12 through the preceding Article, matters concerning the Commission members, bar examiners, examiners for the preliminary examination, and other necessary matters concerning the Commission are specified by Cabinet Order.
第三章 補則
Chapter III Auxiliary Provisions
(法務省令への委任)
(Delegation to the Ministry of Justice Order)
第十七条この法律に定めるもののほか、司法試験及び予備試験の実施に関し必要な事項は、法務省令で定める。
Article 17Beyond what is provided for in this Act, the Ministry of Justice Order prescribes the matters necessary for conducting the bar examination and the preliminary examination.
附 則 〔平成十四年十二月六日法律第百三十八号〕〔抄〕
Supplementary Provisions [Act No. 138 of December 6, 2002] [Extract]
(施行期日)
(Effective Date)
第一条この法律は、平成十六年一月一日から施行する。ただし、次の各号に掲げる規定は、それぞれ当該各号に定める日から施行する。
Article 1This Act comes into effect as of January 1, 2004; provided, however, that the provisions set forth in the following items come into effect as of the date specified in the relevant item:
第二条並びに附則第七条第一項及び第二項、第八条から第十条まで並びに第十九条から第二十八条までの規定 平成十七年十二月一日
(i)the provisions of Article 2, and the provisions Article 7, paragraphs (1) and (2), Articles 8 through 10, and Articles 19 through 28 of the Supplementary Provisions: December 1, 2005
(司法試験管理委員会規則に関する経過措置)
(Transitional Measures Concerning the Rules of the National Bar Examination Administration Commission)
第二条この法律の施行の際現に効力を有する司法試験管理委員会規則であって第一条の規定による改正前の司法試験法第四条第一項第四号及び第六条第四項の規定に基づくものは、この法律の施行後は、第一条の規定による改正後の司法試験法の相当規定に基づく法務省令としての効力を有するものとする。
Article 2The Rules of the National Bar Examination Administration Commission that are in force at the time of the enforcement of this Act and that are based on the provisions of Article 4, paragraph (1), item (iv) and Article 6, paragraph (4) of the Bar Examination Act prior to its amendment by Article 1 of this Act are deemed after the enforcement of this Act to be in force as the Ministry of Justice Order, based on the corresponding provisions of the Bar Examination Act amended by Article 1 of this Act.
(司法試験管理委員会の行為等に関する経過措置)
(Transitional Measures Concerning Actions by the National Bar Examination Administration Commission)
第三条この法律の施行前に、第一条の規定による改正前の司法試験法の規定に基づいて司法試験管理委員会がした処分その他の行為は、この法律の施行後は、同条の規定による改正後の司法試験法の相当規定に基づいて司法試験委員会がした処分その他の行為とみなす。
Article 3(1)Decisions and other such actions that the National Bar Examination Administration Commission has made before the enforcement of this Act, based on the provisions of the Bar Examination Act prior to its amendment by Article 1 of this Act are deemed after the enforcement of this Act to be those that the National Bar Examination Commission has made based on the corresponding provisions of the Bar Examination Act amended by Article 1 of this Act.
前項に定めるもののほか、この法律の施行前に、法令の規定により司法試験管理委員会又はその委員長がした処分その他の行為は、この法律の施行後は、当該法令の相当規定により法務大臣がした処分その他の行為とみなす。
(2)Beyond what is provided for in the preceding paragraph, decisions and other such actions that the National Bar Examination Administration Commission or its chairperson has made before the enforcement of this Act, based on the provisions of laws or regulations are deemed after the enforcement of this Act to be those that the Minister of Justice has made based on the corresponding provisions of the relevant laws or regulations.
この法律の施行の際現に第一条の規定による改正前の司法試験法の規定に基づいて司法試験管理委員会に対してされている出願その他の行為は、この法律の施行後は、同条の規定による改正後の司法試験法の相当規定に基づいて司法試験委員会に対してされた出願その他の行為とみなす。
(3)The filing of applications and other such actions that have already been undertaken with the National Bar Examination Administration Commission at the time of the enforcement of this Act, based on the provisions of the Bar Examination Act prior to its amendment by Article 1 of this Act are deemed after the enforcement of this Act to be those undertaken with the National Bar Examination Commission based on the corresponding provisions of the Bar Examination Act amended by Article 1 of this Act.
前項に定めるもののほか、この法律の施行の際現に法令の規定により司法試験管理委員会又はその委員長に対してされている請求その他の行為は、この法律の施行後は、当該法令の相当規定により法務大臣に対してされた請求その他の行為とみなす。
(4)Beyond what is provided for in the preceding paragraph, requests and other such actions that have already been undertaken with the National Bar Examination Administration Commission or its chairperson at the time of the enforcement of this Act, based on the provisions of laws or regulations are deemed after the enforcement of this Act to be those undertaken with the Minister of Justice based on the corresponding provisions of the relevant laws or regulations.
この法律の施行の際現に司法試験考査委員である者は、この法律の施行の日に、第一条の規定による改正後の司法試験法第十五条の規定により、司法試験考査委員として任命されたものとみなす。
(5)A person who is a bar examination examiner at the time of the enforcement of this Act is deemed to have been appointed as a bar examination examiner pursuant to the provisions of Article 15 of the Bar Examination Act amended by Article 1 of this Act, as of the date of the enforcement of this Act.
(不正受験者に対する措置に関する経過措置)
(Transitional Measures Concerning Measures Against Dishonest Examinees)
第四条司法試験委員会は、この法律の施行前に行われた司法試験を不正の手段によって受けた者又は第一条の規定による改正前の司法試験法若しくは同法に基づく司法試験管理委員会規則に違反した者に対しては、司法試験管理委員会がした合格の決定を取り消すことができる。
Article 4The National Bar Examination Commission may rescind the National Bar Examination Administration Commission's decision that a person has passed, if the relevant person has taken, by wrongful means, the bar examination carried out before the enforcement of this Act; has violated the Bar Examination Act prior to its amendment by Article 1 of this Act; or has violated the Rules of the National Bar Examination Administration Commission that were established based on the Bar Examination Act prior to its amendment by Article 1 of this Act.
(Replacement of Terms in the Provisions of the Act on Special Measures Concerning the Qualification of Attorneys Licensed in Okinawa as Attorneys Licensed in Japan)
第五条この法律の施行後に行われる沖縄の弁護士資格者等に対する本邦の弁護士資格等の付与に関する特別措置法(昭和四十五年法律第三十三号)第四条第三項の規定による合格の決定の取消しについては、同項中「司法試験管理委員会」とあるのは、「司法試験委員会」とする。
Article 5For the rescission of a decision that a person has passed an examination, that is made under Article 4, paragraph (3) of the Act on Special Measures Concerning the Qualification of Attorneys Licensed in Okinawa as Attorneys Licensed in Japan (Act No. 33 of 1970), after the enforcement of this Act, the term "National Bar Examination Administration Commission" in that paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "National Bar Examination Commission".
(新司法試験の実施のために必要な行為に関する経過措置)
(Transitional Measures Concerning Acts Necessary for Conducting the New Bar Examination)
第六条法務大臣は、第二条の規定による改正後の司法試験法(以下「新法」という。)第三条第二項第四号又は第三項の法務省令を制定しようとするときは、第二条の規定の施行の日前においても、司法試験委員会の意見を聴くことができる。
Article 6(1)When the Minister of Justice seeks to establish the Ministry of Justice Order as set forth in Article 3, paragraph (2), item (iv) or paragraph (3) of the Bar Examination Act amended by Article 2 of this Act (hereinafter referred to as the "new Act"), the Minister may first hear the opinions of the National Bar Examination Commission, even prior to the date of enforcement of the provisions of Article 2 of this Act.
法務大臣は、第二条の規定の施行の日前においても、新法第十五条の規定の例により、新法の規定による司法試験(以下「新司法試験」という。)に係る司法試験考査委員を任命することができる。
(2)Even prior to the date of enforcement of the provisions of Article 2 of this Act, the Minister of Justice may appoint bar examiners for a bar examination under the new Act (hereinafter referred to as the "new bar examination") pursuant to the provisions of Article 15 of the new Act.
新司法試験の実施に必要な公告その他の準備行為は、第二条の規定の施行の日前においても、行うことができる。
(3)Public notices or other preparations necessary for conducting the new bar examination may be made even prior to the date of enforcement of the provisions of Article 2.
(旧司法試験の実施)
(Implementation of the Conventional Bar Examination)
第七条司法試験委員会は、平成十八年から平成二十三年までの間においては、新司法試験を行うほか、従前の司法試験(平成二十三年においては、平成二十二年の第二次試験の筆記試験に合格した者に対する口述試験に限る。)を行うものとする。この場合において、第二条の規定による改正前の司法試験法(以下「旧法」という。)第二条から第六条の二まで及び附則第二項の規定(これらの規定に基づく法務省令の規定を含む。)は、第二条の規定の施行後も、なおその効力を有する。
Article 7(1)In addition to the new bar examination, the National Bar Examination Commission is to conduct the conventional bar examination during the period from 2006 to 2011 (for 2011, limited to oral examinations for persons who passed the second-stage written questions in 2010). In this case, the provisions of Article 2 through Article 6-2 of the Bar Examination Act prior to its amendment by Article 2 of this Act (hereinafter referred to as the "former Act") and paragraph (2) of the Supplementary Provisions of that Act (including the provisions of the Ministry of Justice Order based on these provisions) remain in force even after the enforcement of the provisions of Article 2 of this Act.
前項の規定により行われる司法試験(以下「旧司法試験」という。)については、新法第一条第一項及び第二項、第七条から第十一条まで並びに第二章及び第三章の規定を適用する。この場合において、新法第一条第一項中「司法試験」とあるのは「司法試験法及び裁判所法の一部を改正する法律(平成十四年法律第百三十八号)附則第七条第一項の規定により行われる司法試験(以下「旧司法試験」という。)」と、新法第七条中「司法試験及び予備試験は、それぞれ」とあるのは「旧司法試験は」と、新法第八条中「司法試験の」とあるのは「旧司法試験の」と、「予備試験の合格者は司法試験予備試験考査委員の合議による判定に基づき、それぞれ司法試験委員会」とあるのは「司法試験委員会」と、新法第九条及び第十一条第一項中「司法試験又は予備試験」とあるのは「旧司法試験の各試験」と、新法第十条中「司法試験若しくは」とあるのは「旧司法試験、司法試験若しくは」と、新法第十二条第二項第一号から第三号まで及び第十七条中「司法試験及び予備試験」とあるのは「旧司法試験」と、新法第十五条第一項中「司法試験に」とあるのは「旧司法試験に」と、「置き、予備試験における問題の作成及び採点並びに合格者の判定を行わせるため司法試験予備試験考査委員(以下この条及び次条において「予備試験考査委員」という。)を置く」とあるのは「置く」とする。
(2)The provisions of Article 1, paragraphs (1) and (2), Articles 7 through 11, and Chapters II and III of the new Act apply to the bar examination conducted under the preceding paragraph (hereinafter referred to as the "conventional bar examination"). In this case, the term "bar examination" in Article 1, paragraph (1) of the new Act is deemed to be replaced with "bar examination and the bar examination conducted under Article 7, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Act Partially Amending the Bar Examination Act and the Courts Act (Act No. 138 of 2002) (hereinafter referred to as the 'conventional bar examination')"; the term "both the bar examination and the preliminary examination," in Article 7 of the new Act is deemed to be replaced with "the conventional bar examination"; the phrase "which persons have passed the bar examination" in Article 8 of the new Act is deemed to be replaced with "which persons have passed the conventional bar examination"; the phrase "based on the judgment reached through consultation; and determines which persons have passed the preliminary examination based on the judgment reached through consultation" in that Article is deemed to be replaced with "based on the judgment reached through consultation"; the term "bar examination or preliminary examination" in Article 9 and Article 11, paragraph (1) of the new Act is deemed to be replaced with "each stage of testing for the conventional bar examination"; the phrase "bar examination or" in Article 10 of the new Act is deemed to be replaced with "conventional bar examination, bar examination or"; the term "bar examination and preliminary examination" in Article 12, paragraph (2), items (i) through (iii) and Article 17 of the new Act is deemed to be replaced with "conventional bar examination"; and the term "the bar examination" in Article 15, paragraph (1) of the new Act is deemed to be replaced with "the conventional bar examination"; and the phrase "; and examiners for the preliminary bar examination (referred to as 'examiners for the preliminary examination' in this Article and in the following Article) are assigned to the Commission to prepare examination questions, mark examination papers, and judge which persons have passed the preliminary examination." in that paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "."
前条の規定は、旧司法試験について準用する。この場合において、同条第一項中「第二条の規定による改正後の司法試験法(以下「新法」という。)第三条第二項第四号又は第三項」とあるのは「次条第一項の規定によりなお効力を有するものとされる第二条の規定による改正前の司法試験法第四条第一項第四号又は第六条第四項」と、同条第二項中「新法第十五条」とあるのは「次条第二項の規定により読み替えて適用される第二条の規定による改正後の司法試験法第十五条」と読み替えるものとする。
(3)The provisions of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the conventional bar examination. In this case, the term "Article 3, paragraph (2), item (iv) or paragraph (3) of the Bar Examination Act amended by Article 2 of this Act (hereinafter referred to as the 'new Act')" in paragraph (1) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "Article 4, paragraph (1), item (iv) or Article 6, paragraph (4) of the Bar Examination Act prior to its amendment by Article 2 of this Act, which is to remain in force pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the following Article"; and the term "Article 15 of the new Act" in paragraph (2) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "Article 15 of the Bar Examination Act amended by Article 2, as applied pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of the following Article following the deemed replacement of terms".
(新司法試験及び旧司法試験の受験)
(The New Bar Examination and the Conventional Bar Examination)
第八条平成十八年から平成二十三年までの各年においては、法務省令で定める手続に従い、あらかじめ選択して出願するところにより、新司法試験又は旧司法試験のいずれか一方のみを受けることができる。
Article 8(1)In each year from 2006 through 2011, a person may take either the new bar examination or the conventional bar examination by selecting either of them in advance and filing an application in accordance with the procedures specified by the Ministry of Justice Order.
新法第四条第一項第一号の受験資格(同号に規定する法科大学院課程の修了をいう。以下この条において同じ。)に基づいて新司法試験を受けようとする者が、その受験前に旧法の規定による司法試験の第二次試験又は旧司法試験の第二次試験の受験(当該新司法試験の受験に係る受験資格を得る前の受験については、当該受験資格を得た日前二年間のものに限る。以下この条において「旧司法試験等の受験」という。)をしているときは、その旧司法試験等の受験(次項の規定により他の受験資格に基づく新司法試験の受験とみなされたものを除く。)を、当該受験資格に基づいて既にした新司法試験の受験とみなして、新法第四条第一項の規定を適用する。
(2)When a person who seeks to take the new bar examination using the qualification set forth in Article 4, paragraph (1), item (i) of the new Act (meaning the completion of a graduate law program as prescribed in that item; the same applies in this Article) has undergone the second-stage of testing for the bar examination under the former Act, or has undergone the second-stage of testing for the conventional bar examination (if the person had taken these examinations before obtaining the qualification to take the new bar examination, they are limited to those that the person had taken within the two years prior to the day on which the person obtained the qualification to take the new bar examination; referred to as the "conventional bar examination, etc." in this Article), before taking that new bar examination, the person who has taken the conventional bar examination, etc. (excluding any examination which is deemed, under the following paragraph, to be the new bar examination, and that the person has taken using other qualifications for taking the examination) is deemed to have taken the new bar examination using the qualification as set forth in Article 4, paragraph (1), item (i) of the new Act, and the provisions of Article 4, paragraph (1) of the New Act apply to that person.
前項に規定するもののほか、新法第四条第一項第一号の受験資格に基づいて新司法試験を受けた者については、当該新司法試験の受験前の旧司法試験等の受験及び当該新司法試験の受験後の旧司法試験の第二次試験の受験を、当該受験資格に基づく新司法試験の受験とみなして、同条の規定を適用する。
(3)Beyond what is provided for in the preceding paragraph, in cases of a person who has taken the new bar examination using the qualification set forth in Article 4, paragraph (1), item (i) of the new Act, the person who has taken the conventional bar examination, etc. before taking the new bar examination, or has undergone the second-stage of testing for the conventional bar examination after taking the new bar examination is deemed to have taken the new bar examination using the relevant qualification, and the provisions of Article 4 of the New Act apply to that person.
(予備試験の実施時期)
(Time to Begin Offering the Preliminary Examination)
第九条新法第五条に規定する予備試験は、新法第七条の規定にかかわらず、平成二十三年から行うものとする。
Article 9The preliminary examination prescribed in Article 5 of the new Act is to be conducted from 2011, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 7 of the new Act.
(旧法の規定による司法試験又は旧司法試験に合格した者に関する経過措置)
(Transitional Measures Concerning Persons Who Have Passed the Bar Examination under the Former Act or Who Have Passed the Conventional Bar Examination)
第十条旧法の規定による司法試験の第二次試験又は旧司法試験の第二次試験に合格した者は、新司法試験に合格した者とみなす。
Article 10Persons who have passed the second-stage of testing for the bar examination under the former Act or the second-stage of testing for the conventional bar examination are deemed to have passed the new bar examination.
附 則 〔平成二十六年六月四日法律第五十二号〕
Supplementary Provisions [Act No. 52 of June 4, 2014]
(施行期日)
(Effective Date)
この法律は、平成二十六年十月一日から施行する。
This Act comes into effect as of October 1, 2014.
附 則 〔令和元年六月二十六日法律第四十四号〕〔抄〕
Supplementary Provisions [Act No. 44 of June 26, 2019] [Extract]
(施行期日)
(Effective Date)
第一条この法律は、平成三十二年四月一日から施行する。ただし、次の各号に掲げる規定は、当該各号に定める日から施行する。
Article 1This Act comes into effect as of April 1, 2020; provided, however, that the provisions set forth in the following items come into effect as of the date specified in each respective item:
第一条中法科大学院の教育と司法試験等との連携等に関する法律第六条第四項の改正規定及び次条から附則第四条までの規定 公布の日
(i)the provisions in Article 1 which amend Article 6, paragraph (4) of the Act on Coordination between Education at Graduate Schools of Law and the Bar Examination, and the provisions of the following Article through Article 4 of the Supplementary Provisions: the date of promulgation;
第四条中司法試験法第五条及び第六条の改正規定 平成三十三年十二月一日
(ii)the provisions in Article 4 which amend Articles 5 and 6 of the Bar Examination Act: December 1, 2021; and
第二条、第四条(前号に掲げる改正規定を除く。)及び第五条並びに附則第五条から第八条までの規定 平成三十四年十月一日
(iii)the provisions of Article 2, Article 4 (other than the amending provisions set forth in the preceding item) and Article 5, and the provisions of Articles 5 through 8 of the Supplementary Provisions: October 1, 2022.
(Transitional Measures for Partial Amendment of the Act on Coordination between Education at Graduate Schools of Law and the Bar Examination)
第二条
Article 2(1)omitted
法務大臣は、前条第三号に掲げる規定の施行の日前において、第四条の規定による改正後の司法試験法(次条において「新司法試験法」という。)第四条第二項第一号の法務省令を制定しようとするときは、その旨を文部科学大臣に通知するものとする。この場合において、文部科学大臣は、法務大臣に対し、必要な意見を述べることができる。
(2)When the Minister of Justice, prior to the enforcement of the provisions set forth in item (iii) of the preceding Article, seeks to establish the Ministry of Justice Order as set forth in Article 4, paragraph (2), item(i) of the Bar Examination Act amended by Article 4 of this Act (referred to as the "new Bar Examination Act" in the following Article), the Minister must notify the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to that effect. In this case, the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology may submit opinions to the Minister of Justice as necessary.
司法試験法の一部改正に伴う経過措置)
(Transitional Measures for Partial Revision of the Bar Examination Act)
第三条法務大臣は、新司法試験法第五条第三項第二号の法務省令を制定しようとするときは、附則第一条第二号に掲げる規定の施行の日前においても、司法試験委員会の意見を聴くことができる。
Article 3When the Minister of Justice intends to establish the Ministry of Justice Order set forth in Article 5, paragraph (3), item (ii) of the new Bar Examination Act, the Minister may hear the opinions of the National Bar Examination Commission, even before the effective date of the provisions set forth in Article 1, item (ii) of the Supplementary Provisions.
(政令への委任)
(Delegation to Cabinet Order)
第四条前二条に定めるもののほか、この法律の施行に関し必要な経過措置は、政令で定める。
Article 4Beyond what is provided for in the preceding two Articles, Cabinet Order prescribes the transitional measures necessary for the enforcement of this Act.